Math: Statistics: Data Interpretation and Probability
Active component (content knowledge)
Comprehend
• Curve-fitting techniques (e.g., median-fit line and
regression line) for various applications
• Characteristics of the Gaussian normal distribution
College Readiness Standards
Learner outcomes
Develop ability to:
• Represent data in a variety of ways (e.g., scatter plot, line
graph and two-way table) and select the most appropriate
• Use statistical summaries data (e.g., stand deviation, range
and mode)
• Organize and display data using appropriate methods to detect
patterns and departures from patterns
• Read and interpret tables, charts and graphs
• Compute and explain summary statistics for distributions of
data including measure of center and spread
• Compare data sets using graphs and summary statistics
• Create scatter plots, analyze patterns and describe
relationships in paired data
• Evaluate reports based on data published in the media by
considering the source of data, the design of the study, and
the way the data are analyzed and displayed
• Identify and explain misleading uses of data
• Recognize when arguments based on data confuse correlation
with causation
• Explain the impact of sampling methods, bias and the phrasing
of questions asked during data collection and the conclusions
that can rightfully be made
• Design simple experiments of investigations to collect data to
answer questions of interest
• Explain the difference between randomized experiment and
observational studies
• Calculates simple probabilities, explain, and apply their
concepts
○ How probability quantifies the likelihood that an evetn
occurs in terms of numbers
○ How the relative frequency of a specified outcome of an
event can be used to estimate the probability of the
outcome
○ How the law of large numbers can be applied in simple
examples
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 ○ Conditional probability and independent events to
calculate simple probabilities
○ To practical situations to make informed decisions

(Conley, 2003; 2005; 2007) (The American Diploma Project, 2004)

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Standards for Success (S4S)
Math: Statistics: Data Interpretation and Probability
Successful students:
A. Apply concept of statistics and data analysis in the social sciences and natural sciences

Cognitive Strategies Emphasized

• Habits of the mind such as:
○ Time management – budgeting time to complete reading tasks
○ Understanding expectations of readings
○ Academic persistence
• Critical thinking skills such as:
○ Ability to discuss materials in-depth by asking engaging questions
○ Problem solving
• Understanding the connection between reading comprehension skills and disciplines:
writing, speaking and research
• Self-analysis – learning from constructive criticism and feedback
• Developing comfort with ambiguity of readings and assignments

Bibliography
Conley, D. T. (2005). College Knowledge. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Conley, D. T. (2003). Understanding University Success: A Project of the Association of American

Universities and The Pew Charitable Trusts. Eugene: Center for Educational Policy Research.

Conley, D. (2007). Towards a More Comprehensive Comprehension of College Readiness.

Eugene, OR: Educational Policy Improvement Center.

The American Diploma Project. (2004). Ready or Not: Creating a High School Diploma that
Counts. Achieve, Inc.

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