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Code: 9A01503

1
(Civil Engineering)

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING - I Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 Explain hydrologic cycle in detail with sketch. Max Marks: 70

2 (a) Define the term infiltration and how do you measure the infiltration. (b) Explain Penmans equation. 3 (a) Explain area-velocity method of discharge measurement. (b) Explain ultrasonic method of stream flow measurement. 4 (a) Define and differentiate D-h UH and IUH. (b) Given below are the ordinates of a 6-h unit hydrograph for a catchment. Calculate the ordinates of the DRH due to a rainfall excess of 3.5 cm occurring in 6 hr. Col(1) 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 69 Col(2) 0 25 50 85 125 160 185 160 110 60 36 25 16 8 0 Here Col(1) indicates time(h) and Col (2) indicates U.H ordinates in m3 /s. 5 (a) What is meant by tube wells? What are their types? Describe the widely used type of tube well with a neat sketch. (b) A 30 cm well fully penetrates a confined aquifer 30 m deep. After a long period of pumping at a rate of 1200 lpm, the draw downs in the wells at 20 and 45 m from the pumping well are found to be 2.2 and 1.8 m respectively. Determine the transmissibility of the aquifer. What is the draw down in the pumped well? 6 (a) Explain the various types of filters used in drip irrigation. Explain various disadvantages of drip irrigation. (b) Explain zigzag method of irrigation along with a neat sketch. 7 (a) Define: (i) Irrigation intensity. (ii) Time factor. (iii) Overlap allowance. (iv) CCA. (v) NIR. (b) Compute the depth and frequency of irrigation required for a certain crop with data given below: Root zone depth = 100 cm Field capacity = 22% Wilting point = 12% Apparent specific gravity of soil* = 1.50 Consumptive use = 25 mm/day Effective of irrigation = 50% Assume 50% depletion on available moisture before application of irrigation water at field capacity. 8 (a) What are different types of earth lining? Discuss. (b) Derive an expression for the silt supporting capacity of a channel according to Kennedy's theory.

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Code: 9A01503

2
(Civil Engineering)

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING - I Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) (b) 2 (a) (b) 3 (a) (b) 4 (a) (b) 5 (a) (b) What are the various types of precipitation? Explain natural siphon type rain gauge. What is meant by evaporation and list the various factors which affect evaporation? Explain water-budget method. How do you separate base flow from direct runoff? Explain electromagnetic method of stream flow measurement. What is a unit hydrograph? List the assumptions involved in the unit hydrograph theory. Define and differentiate D-h UH and IUH. Explain porosity and permeability of an aquifer in detail. For conducting permeability tests in a well penetrating an unconfined aquifer, two observation wells A and B are located at distances 15 and 30 m respectively from the centre of the well. When the well is pumped at a rate of 5 lps, it is observed that the elevations of the water table above the impervious layer up to which the well extends are 12.0 m and 12.5 m respectively in A and B. Calculate permeability of the aquifer in m/day. What is meant by C2-S2 water? Discuss its usefulness for irrigating fine textured soils. Write short notes on: (i) Applicability of lift irrigation. (ii) Mixed cropping. (iii) Ill-effects of irrigation. Describe with the help of a diagram various forms of soil moisture. What do you understand by the available moisture? A field channel has culturable command area of 2000 hectares. The intensity of irrigation for gram is 30% and for wheat is 50%. Gram has a kor period of 18 days and kor depth of 12 cm, while the wheat has a kor period of 15 days and a kor depth of 15 cm. Calculate the discharge of the channel. How do you control weed growth in a canal? What is canal lining? What are its advantages? Write the requirements of a good lining material. Max Marks: 70

6 (a) (b)

7 (a) (b)

8 (a) (b) (c)

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Code: 9A01503

3
(Civil Engineering)

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING - I Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) (b) 2 (a) (b) 3 (a) (b) 4 Explain weighing-bucket type rain gauge. Explain Isohyetal method. Define the term infiltration and how do you measure the infiltration. Explain BlaneyCriddle formula. Explain dilution technique of stream flow measurement. List the factors that affect runoff. Given below are the ordinates of the IUH of a catchment. Derive the direct runoff hydrograph for this catchment due to a storm of duration 4 hours and having a rainfall excess of 5 cm. Col(1) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Col(2) 0 8 35 50 47 40 31 23 15 10 6 3 0 3 Here Col(1) indicates Time(h) and Col (2) indicates IUH ordinates u(t) (m /s). What do you mean by yield of an open well? Explain the different tests of finding yield of open wells. A 20 cm well penetrates 30 m below static water level. After a long period of pumping at a rate of 1800 lpm, the draw downs in the observation wells at 12 m and 36 m from the pumped well are 1.2 m and 0.5 m respectively. Determine the: (i) Transmissibility of the aquifer. (ii) Drawdown in the pumped well assuming radius of influence as 300 m. (iii) Specific capacity of the well. Write short notes on: Environmental impact of irrigation. Factors affecting choice of method of irrigation. Inundation and perennial irrigation. What do you understand by irrigation efficiency? Explain its components. A field channel has culturable commanded area of 2000 hectares. The intensity of irrigation for gram is 30 % and for wheat is 50 %. Gram has a kor period of 18 days and kor depth of 12 cm, while wheat has a kor period of 15 days and a kor depth of 15 cm. Calculate the discharge of the field channel. Enumerate various types of linings. Explain in detail the construction of in-situ cement concrete lining. What are the advantages and disadvantages of concrete lining? Design an irrigation channel for the following data. Discharge = 20 cumecs; Silt factor = 1.0. Max Marks: 70

5 (a) (b)

6 (a) (b) (c) 7 (a) (b)

8 (a) (b)

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Code: 9A01503

4
(Civil Engineering)

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING - I Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) (b) 2 (a) (b) 3 (a) (b) 4 (a) (b) 5 (a) (b) Explain various forms of precipitation. Explain tipping-bucket type rain gauge. Explain briefly infiltration capacity, -index and w-index. Explain any one analytical method with which you can determine evaporation. How do you separate base flow from direct runoff? How do you estimate runoff? What is an IUH? What are its characteristics? Explain a procedure of deriving a D-h UH from the IUH of the catchment. Derive an expression for the steady state discharge of a well in an unconfined aquifer. List out the assumptions made. A 20 cm diameter well penetrates fully a confined aquifer of thickness 25 m. When the well is pumped at a rate of 200 lit/min, the steady state drawdown in the two observation wells located at 10 m and 100 m distance from the pumping well are found to be 3.5 m and 0.05 m respectively. Calculate the permeability and transmissivity of the aquifer. Write a brief note on history of development of irrigation in India. What is soil fertility? Explain how soil fertility can be maintained. What is the meaning of consumptive use? On what factors does it depend? How would one calculate the consumptive use for a given crop? What is meant by Duty of water? Explain the influence of several factors which affect duty. What are the different ways in which duty can be expressed? A reservoir with a live storage capacity of 300 million cubic meters is able to irrigate an ayacut of 40,000 hectares with 2 filling each year. The crop season is 120 days. What is the duty? List the various types of linings. Discuss the salient features of cement concrete lining. Distinguish between: (i) Alluvial soil and non-alluvial soil (ii) Mean velocity and critical velocity. Max Marks: 70

6 (a) (b) 7 (a) (b)

8 (a) (b)

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