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Pedro Baratta
Plot Cp Versus Time after a Single Dose showing Possible Time of Second Dose
We can further simplify Equation, if we assume that ka >> kel: then (ka - kel) approximatley equal to ka and thus approximately = 1.
Thus the plasma concentration would fluctuate between about 10.4 to 20 with an average of 15 mg/L.
Exercicio 1
A drug is to be given orally every six hours to achieve an average concentration of 15 mg/L. Calculate the dose (F = 0.90) required if t1/2 = 11 hours and V = 23 L. Estimate the peak and trough concentrations after steady state is reached.
Thus, Dose = 15 x 23 x 0.06 x 6 / 0.9 = 145 mg. Give 150 mg to achieve a of 15.5 mg/L
Cpmin = (150 / 23) x (0.69 / (1 - 0.69)) = 12.8 mg/L By rough estimation Cpmax can be calculated as 18.2 mg/L (15.5 + (15.5 - 12.8))
Exercicio 2 Exemplo IV
Calculate an appropriate dosing regimen for the following male patient; age = 56 years, weight = 79 kg, serum creatinine = 2.0 mg/ 100 ml (mg%). With this drug the kel is a function of creatinine clearance; kel = 0.04 hr-1 with CLCr = 20 ml/min and kel = 0.12 hr-1 with CLCr = 75 ml/min. Apparent volume of distribution is calculated as 0.28 L/kg. Develop a dosing regimen to keep the peak concentration close to but below 6 g/ml and the trough concentration below 1.0 g/ml.