AP Chemistry Final Exam Version P Fall 2005 3 Free Response questions, 45 minutes

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Version P 1. (23 pts) When 5.000 g of a hydrocarbon is combusted, the combustion is incomplete, forming carbon dioxide, ater, and carbon monoxide. !he ater is absorbed by calcium chloride in a dessicator, hich gains ".#32 g in the process. !he carbon dioxide is absorbed by lithium hydroxide, hich gains 11.125 g. a. (5 pts) What is the empirical formula of the un$no n compound%

b. (3 pts) &t 25'(, 1.000 g of the compound is introduced to an empty 1.000)* flas$. !he pressure of the gas is ""3 torr. What is the molecular mass of the compound%

c. (3 pts) What is the molecular formula of the compound%

d. (3 pts) +ra a *e is structure for this compound and name it.

e. (3 pts) *abel the type of hybridi,ation present in each carbon in your *e is structure.

f.

(3 pts) -o many pi bonds are present in the molecule you ha.e dra n in part d%

g. (3 pts) -o many sigma bonds are present in the molecule you ha.e dra n in part d%

2. (15 pts) (onsider the /ohr model of the atom. a. (3 pts) /riefly describe one aspect of /ohr0s model that is still considered to be correct, and that as different from pre.ious models.

b. (3 pts) (alculate the energy of light associated ith an electron0s transition from the fourth energy le.el to the second energy le.el in the hydrogen atom.

c. (3 pts) (alculate the a.elength of the light.

d. (3 pts) 1n hat region of the electromagnetic spectrum is the energy of light found% /riefly state t o uni2ue ays to determine this using the information in the problem.

e. (3 pts) 1s light emitted or absorbed%

3. (12 pts) 3sing basic principles of structure and bonding, explain the follo ing differences, ma$ing sure to refer to each of the substances or situations. a. (3 pts) & molecule of 452 ill react ith another 452 molecule, but a molecule of 425 ill not react ith another 425 molecule.

b. (3 pts) & 0.10)molal a2ueous solution of hydrochloric acid has a higher boiling point than a 0.10) molal a2ueous solution of hydrofluoric acid, but pure hydrochloric acid has a lo er boiling point that pure hydrofluoric acid.

c. (3 pts) 6(l has a lo er melting point than (a(l2.

d. (3 pts) !he first ioni,ation energy of 4a is smaller than the first ioni,ation energy of 7g.