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College Algebra
Student Manual
Table of Contents
Contents
Syllabus for Course................................................................................................................... III
Suggested Homework...............................................................................................................VI
Lecture 1: Numbers..................................................................................................................... 1
Lecture 2: The Language of Mathematics................................................................................ 36
Lecture 3: The Powers that be - Exponents.............................................................................. 48
Lecture 4a: Polynomial Expressions......................................................................................... 82
Lecture 4b: Polynomial Expressions ..................................................................................... 115
Lecture 5: More Numbers and Geometry............................................................................... 146
Lecture 6: Graphs.................................................................................................................... 156
Lecture 7: Graphs.................................................................................................................... 174
Lecture 8: Graphs.................................................................................................................... 198
Lecture 9: Functions & Their Graphs..................................................................................... 229
Lecture 10: Functions & Their Graphs .................................................................................. 258
Lecture 11: Functions & Their Graphs .................................................................................. 289
Lecture 12: Functions & Their Graphs................................................................................... 309
Lecture 13: Functions & Their Graphs................................................................................... 337
Lecture 14: Functions & Their Graphs................................................................................... 350
Lecture 15: Equations in One Variable................................................................................... 366
Lecture 16: Equations in One Variable................................................................................... 388
Lecture 17: Equations in One Variable................................................................................... 414
Lecture 18: Equations in One Variable................................................................................... 422
p.
Table of Contents
Lecture 19: Equations in One Variable................................................................................... 441
Lecture 20: Inequalities in One Variable................................................................................ 455
Lecture 21: Inequalities in One Varialbe................................................................................ 475
Lecture 22: Inequalities in One Variable................................................................................ 494
Lecture 23: Polynomial & Rational Functions....................................................................... 509
Lecture 24: Polynomial & Rational Functions....................................................................... 533
Lecture 25: Locating the Zeros of a Polynomial Function..................................................... 554
Lecture 26: Locating the Zeroes of a Polynomial Function................................................... 582
Lecture 27: Rational Functions............................................................................................... 595
Lecture 28: Exponential Functions......................................................................................... 625
Lecture 29: Logarithmic Functions......................................................................................... 644
Lecture 30: Logarithmic Functions......................................................................................... 663
Lecture 31: Exponential Functions......................................................................................... 685
Lecture 32: Systems of Linear Equations............................................................................... 700
Lecture 33- Systems of Linear Equations............................................................................... 726
Lecture 34: System of Non-Linear Equations........................................................................ 747
Lecture 35: Sequences............................................................................................................ 754
Lecture 36: Sequences............................................................................................................ 771
Lecture 37: Series & Induction............................................................................................... 787
Lecture 38: The Binominal Theorem . ................................................................................... 804
p. II
Syllabus
Syllabus for Course
The Center for Academic Development at The University of Missouri-Kansas City presents
DESCRIPTION:
VSI in Math 110 is a small group approach to College Algebra. This course uses video lectures of Richard
Delaware with small group interactive discussions, problem solving practice, and directed study to learning
algebra effectively and efficiently. You will have the opportunity to earn high grades in this rigorous class while
you gain study strategies which transfer to similar classes.
LINKED COURSE:
This course links College Algebra (Math 110) with Critical Thinking in the Arts and Sciences (A&S 103c.)
Both courses carry 3 hours of college credit; therefore, by taking VSI in Math 110, you will receive 6 hours
credit. See also A&S 103c syllabus.
TEXTS:
Sullivan and Sullivan, College Algebra: Enhanced with Graphing Utilities, 4th Ed. Prentice Hall, Upper
Saddle River, NJ, 2000. ISBN #0-13-149104-0.
Note: 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Editions may also be used.
GRAPHING CALCULATORS:
You will need a graphing calculator for this course. The most preferred models are the Texas Instruments TI-83
(or TI-82), the Sharp EL-9600 (or EL-9300), or the Hewlett Packard HP-38G. Other calculators that are acceptable, but contain more features than you will need, are the TI-86 (or TI-85) and the Hewlett Packard HP-48G
(or HP-48GX). Calculators that are not to be used, due to the advanced computer algebra systems they possess,
are the Texas Instruments TI-89 or TI-92.
COURSE CONTENT:
Unit 0
Basics: Remembrance of Things Past
Unit 1
Graphs
Unit 2
Functions and Their Graphs
Unit 3
Equations and Inequalities
Unit 4
Polynomial and Rational Functions
Unit 5
Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Unit 6
Systems of Equations
Unit 7
Some Discrete Topics
p. III
Syllabus
HOMEWORK:
Assigned homework problems are your individual responsibility. Some, but not all of the assigned problems
will be looked at in class. It is to your benefit to work the suggested problems to ensure yourself of having
learned the material. Quizzes in order to check for understanding may be given at the discretion of the
facilitator.
EXAMS:
There will be in-class hour examinations (written by the instructor) and one 2-hour comprehensive final exam
(written by the UMKC Department of Mathematics and Statistics.) All exams are will be closed book and
closed notes. The most damaging exam score from Exams #1 5 will be dropped. Make-up exams will
ordinarily not be given.
The exam coverage will be as follows:
UMKC Campus Exams
Exam #1 Unit 0
Lectures 1-5
Exam #2
Exam #2a
Unit 1
Lectures 6-8
Exam #2b
Unit 2
Lectures 9-14
Units 1 & 2
Lectures 6-14
Exam #3
Unit 3
Lectures 15-22
Exam #3
Unit 3
Lectures 15-22
Exam #4
Units 4 & 5
Lectures 23-31
Exam #4a
Unit 4
Lectures 23-27
Exam #4b
Unit 5
Lectures 28-31
Exam #5
Units 6 & 7
Lectures 32-38
Exam #5
FINAL
Units 1 - 7
Lectures 4-38
FINAL
Units 1 - 7
Lectures 4-38
Answers on exams must be supported by evidence on your paper that you understand the methods used to arrive
at your solution. SHOW YOUR WORK!!! You will receive no credit for unsupported answers; however, the
supporting calculations may earn you substantial partial credit, even if you do not obtain the correct answer.
Graphing calculators may be used on Exams #1 - 5; however, they may not be used on the Final Exam.
The Final Exam is a combination of multiple choice questions and short answer and is common to all sections
of College Algebra offered on or off campus. An archive of previous final exams for practice are given on the
Department of Mathematics and Statistics website. It is to your benefit to work as many of these problems in
multiple choice format as possible.
p. IV
Syllabus
POINT DISTRIBUTION:
UMKC Campus
Five Exams (100 pts each; drop lowest)
Final Exam
Total Possible
High School
400 Seven Exams (100 pts each; drop lowest)
100 Final Exam
500 Total Possible
600
100
700
p.
Suggested Homework
Suggested Homework
Lecture Time
Material
Assignments
(Second Edition)
Assignments
(Third Edition)
Assignments
(Fourth Edition)
1
1
1
11
none
p.18 # 1-10,13-20
none
p.18 # 1-10,13-20
none
p.18 # 1-10,13-20
20
p.19 # 31-32
p.19 # 31-32
p.19 # 31-32
1
1
1
2
3
3
24
8
11
p.45 # 1-20
p.46 # 21-50
p.18 # 21-30
p.45 # 1-20
p.46 # 21-50
p.18 # 21-30
p.45 # 1-20
p.46 # 21-50
p.18 # 21-30
13
12
p.65 # 1-4
p.65 # 5-20; p.151 #
1-19,21-42
p.153 # 1-5; p.158 #
1-10; p.42 # 21-50
p.158 # 11-30
p.65 # 1-4
p.65 # 5-20; p.151 # 119,21-42
p.153 # 1-5; p.158 # 110; p.42 # 21-50
p.158 # 11-30
p.65 # 1-4
p.65 # 5-20; p.151 # 1-19,2142
p.153 # 1-5; p.158 # 1-10;
p.42 # 21-50
p.158 # 11-30
21
4a
21
19
20
4a
4a
p.78 # 1-60
none
p.78 # 1-60
none
4a
27
10
4b
24
4a
19
p.176 # 1-47
p.176 # 1-47
p.176 # 1-47
20
p.180 # 1-26
p.180 # 1-26
p.180 # 1-26
6
6
6
6
7
12
18
7
18
26
Introduction
Sets of Objects and Natural
Numbers
Integers, Rational Numbers
and Irrational Numbers
Real Numbers
Real Numbers, cont.
Real Numbers, cont.
Language of Mathematics
Integer Exponents
Operations with Integer
Exponents
Square Roots; A Pair of
Equal Factors
Nth Roots and Rational
Exponents
Operations With Rational
Exponents
What is a Polynomial?;
Adding and Subtracting
Multiplying Polynomials
A Common Error and
Handy Polynomial Products
Un-Multiplying (Factoring)
Polynomials
Completing a Perfect
Square
Dividing Polynomials:
Rational Expressions
Beyond Real Numbers:
Complex Numbers
Some Area Formulas and
The Pythagorean Theorem
Rectangular coordinates
Distance btwn points
Midoint of segment
Graphing device
Graphs of Equations
p.10 # 1-8
p.12 # 21-44
p.13 # 49-58
p. 97 # 1-8
p. 98 # 21-44
p. 98 # 49-58
p. 97 # 11-18
p. 98 # 31-54
p. 98 # 55-64
p.110 # 77-80
p. VI
12
31
Suggested Homework
Lecture Time
Material
Assignments
(Second Edition)
Assignments
(Third Edition)
Assignments
(Fourth Edition)
7
7
12
15
Intercepts
Symmetry of Graphs
p.108 # 7-18
p. 262 # 1-34
p. 224 # 11-22parts(b)
p. 224 # 11-22parts(c )
7
8
34
23
Defining Slope
Lines & their Equations
p. 176 # 1-12
p. 177 # 27-30, # 35-46
p. 176 # 7-18
p. 177 # 33-36, # 41-52
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
12
14
28
18
27
20
20
17
26
p.27 # 31-46parts(a)
p.26 # 1-10,3146parts(b), 57-75
p.79 # 1-22
p.80 # 23-26,3142,55-85,93-99
p.80 # 27-28,43-48
p.80 # 29,30,49-54
p.88 # 1-38,43-44
on tape
manual, p.110 # 1-12
manual
p.112 # 49-62
p.110 # 13-20
p.111 # 37-48,75-78
23
10
19
10
20
11
21
10
11
20
p. 283 # 19-28
p. 263 # 29-38
11
12
11
14
12
14
12
13
12
15
12
17
12
12
12
12
13
8
6
12
12
17
Parallel Lines
Perpendicular Lines
Circles & their Equations
Exercises Explained
Central Idea
Language and Notation
More on Domains
Notation Practice
Visualizing Functions:
Graphs of (x,f(x)) pairs
Increasing and Decreasing p.173 # 9-24, 67-70
Functions
Local Maximums and Local p. 173 # 67-70
Minimums
Even and Odd Functions
p. 173 # 9-24 part c,
41-52
Library of Important Func- manual, p.172 # 1-8
tions
Piecewise Defined Funcp.174 # 25-28, 55-62
tions
Some Exercises Explained p.177 # 79-82
Graphing Techniques: Ver- p.189 # 19-20, 29-32
tical Shifts
Graphing Techniques: Hori- p.189 # 17-18, 33-36
zontal Shifts
Graphing Techniques:
p. 189 # 23, 37-40
Vertical Compressions and
Stretches
Graphing Techniques: Hori- p. 189 # 24,
zontal Compressions and
Stretches
Graphing Techniques: Rep.189 # 21-22, 41-46
flections Across the Axes
Putting it all Together
p.188 # 1-12, 25-28
Putting it all Together
p.188 #47-66, 69-74
Putting it all Together
Putting it all Together
Algbra of Functions
p.198 #1-12
p. VII
Suggested Homework
Lecture Time
Material
Assignments
(Second Edition)
Assignments
(Third Edition)
Assignments
(Fourth Edition)
13
24
A New Operation
p.198 #13-60
p. 307 #31-44
p. 402 # 11-20
15
18
15
p.253 #63-68
p. 397 # 63-68
p. 380 # 73-78
15
15
16
15
23
15
13
16
12
16
12
16
50
17
17
15.5
19
14
19
15
19
20
20
20
17
20
21
19
17
21
21
27
22
12.5
p. VIII
p. 38 #1-42
p. 110 # 29-48
p. 110 # 49-76
p. 121 # 11-44
p. 262 #1-69
p. 406 #1-44
p. 132 # 9-46
p.137 #13-24
manual
manual
manual
manual Tape 18
manual Tape 18
manual Tape 18
p.38 #43-58
p. 147 # 1-30
p. 139 # 9-46
p. 148 # 31-62
p. 139 # 47-78
p. 125 # 37-60
p. 64 #17-30, 75-84
p. 160 #29-42
p. 160 #39-52
p. 64 #31-60
p.299 #1-15
p. 160 #43-72
p. 372 #1-16
p. 160 #53-82
p. 365 #3-18
p.299 #16-39
p. 372 #17-36
p. 372 #19-34
p.299 #37-58
p. 372 #37-58
p. 372 #35-56
p.38 #61-72
p. 148 #63-84
p. 139 #79-100
Suggested Homework
Lecture Time
Material
Assignments
(Second Edition)
Assignments
(Third Edition)
Assignments
(Fourth Edition)
22
17
p.64 #61-74
p. 161 #73-92
p. 161 #83-102
22
23
15
20
practice problems
p. 137 #25-32,37-54
p. 235 #1-8
p. 312 #11-18
23
16
p. 235 #13-30
p. 312 #19-34
23
23
24
p. 329 #1-16
p. 331 #23-36
24
16
24
42
25
13
p. 396 #11-22
p. 379 #21-32
25
13
25
17
25
22
p. 396 #23-28
p. 379 #33-38
25
25
21
26
15
27
27
27
15
18
26
p. 287
p. 354
p. 344
27
11
p. 287
p. 354
p. 344
27
20
28
28
15
27
p. 320
p. 331
p. 429
p. 441 #11-36
p. 416
p. 431 #29-52
28
29
29
24
24
p. 321
p. 343
p. 430 #21-54
p. 454 #53-84
p. 417 #37-70
p. 445 #67-90
p. 219 #1-9
p.230 #17-35
p. 269 #1-15
p. 253 #11-27
p. 253 #29 - 45
p. IX
Suggested Homework
Lecture Time
Material
29
30
30
17
15
30
21
31
15
31
32
20
32
21
33
34
30
15
35
30
35
35
8
17
36
36
37
19
31
26
38
11
38
38
19
32
p.
Assignments
(Second Edition)
Assignments
(Third Edition)
Assignments
(Fourth Edition)
p. 354
p. 465 #25-58
p. 456 #31-64
p. 361
p. 361
p. 410
p. 520 # 1-4
p. 418
p. 652
p. 750 #21-30
p. 641 #27-44
p. 506
p. 506
p. 659 #11-16
p. 659 #51-60, #71-82
p. 513
p. 527
p. 527
p. 541
Lecture 1: Numbers
Preview Activity
Sets of Objects
Process Activity (1)
Real Numbers
Process Activity (2)
The Real Line: Distance Between Points
Review Activity
Preview Activity
1. When you thing of numbers, there are many terms used to describe numbers. Make
a list of terms usually associated with numbers.
p.
Notes
p.
Notes
p.
Notes
p.
Notes
p.
Notes
p.
Notes
p.
Notes
p.
Notes
p. 10
Notes
p. 11
Notes
p. 12
Notes
p. 13
b.) 93
c.) 250
d.) 359
b.)
27
56
c.)
13
d.)
16
p. 14
Notes
p. 15
Notes
p. 16
Notes
p. 17
Notes
p. 18
Notes
p. 19
Notes
p. 20
Notes
p. 21
Notes
p. 22
Notes
p. 23
Notes
p. 24
Notes
p. 25
a.) x 25
d.) 10 x 15
-3
b.)
-3
d.)
-3
p. 26
c.)
-3
Notes
p. 27
Notes
p. 28
Notes
p. 29
Notes
p. 30
Notes
p. 31
Notes
p. 32
Notes
p. 33
Notes
p. 34
Review Activity
1. Give five examples of each type of number.
a.) Integers:
b.) Rational Numbers:
c.) Natural Naumbers:
d.) Real Numbers:
e.) Irrational Numbers:
2. Graph on a number line the following inequalities and write in interval notation.
1
> x > 3
3
a.) x 5
c.)
b.) 1 x < 14
d.) x 2
p. 35