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Vector presentation
When vectors are written, they are represented by a single letter in bold type or with an arrow above the letter, such as or . Some examples of vectors are displacement (e.g. 120 cm at 30) and velocity (e.g. 12 meters per second north). The only basic SI unit that is a vector is the meter. All others are scalars. Derived quantities can be vector or scalar, but every vector quantity must involve meters in its definition and unit.
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Vector notation
Vectors are distinguished from scalars by writing them in special ways. A widely used convention is to denote a vector quantity in bold type, such as A, and that is the convention that will be used. you may also encounter the notation or . The magnitude of a vector A is written as |A|.
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The vector can be represented by its components (magnitude)in (x,y,z) directions. The direction of the vector can be represented by a unit vector u = i + j + k, so: v = vx i + vy j + vz k where the units can be anything
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F = Fx i + Fy j + k Where: Fx = F cos Fy = F cos Fz = F cos , and are the angles the force vector (F) making with x, y and z axis respectively. And F = F x 2 + Fy 2 + Fz 2
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Vector Mathematical Operation (adding, subtracting, multiplying ..) you have to consider both the magnitude and the direction.
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Vectors Addition
Adding two vectors in Cartesian form v1 and v2 v3 = v1 + v2 v3 = (vx1 i + vy1 j + vz1 k) +(vx2 i + vy2 j + vz2 k) v3 = (vx1 + vx2) i + (vy1 + vy2) j + (vz1 + vz2) k
That is, the components of a sum are the sums of the components.
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Systems of Units
The Imperial units or the Imperial system is a collection of English units, first defined in the Weights and Measures Act of 1824, later refined (until 1959) and reduced. The units were introduced in the United Kingdom and its colonies, including Commonwealth countries, but excluding the then already independent United States. The United States customary system (also called American system or, more rarely, "English units") is the most commonly used system of measurement in the United States. It is similar but not identical to the British Imperial units.
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Value 1 min = 60 s 1 h = 60 min = 60 s 1 day = 24 h = 86400 s 1o = (/180) rad 1 L = 1 dm3 = 1000 cm3 = 0.001 m3 1 t = 1000 kg
l, (L) t
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Bar
bar
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Dimensional analysis
Technique used in the physical and engineering to reduce physical properties such as acceleration, velocity, energy and others to their fundamental dimensions of length(L), mass (M), and time (T). This technique facilitate the study of interrelationships of systems (or models of systems) and their properties. Acceleration, for example, is expressed as length per unit of time squared (LT-2); whether the units of length in the English or the metric system is immaterial.
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v=r
v = (2 N/60) r
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