eFlashcards for Module II

Term 1 of 82 Photoelectric sensors Sensors that send out a beam of light and sense its reflection off of an approaching object Term 2 of 82 Digital inputs Information or data in a digital form that is transferred from an external device to a computer system Term 3 of 82 Variable speed drive Type of drive that converts fixed voltage and frequency AC to an adjustable voltage DC Term 4 of 82 Ladder diagram Graphical language that is based on traditional relay ladder diagrams and represents power flow Term 5 of 82 Quadrant operation Possible modes of motor operation, determined by the relationship of speed, torque, and direction Term 6 of 82 Function block diagram (FBD) Graphical language for depicting signal and data flows through function blocks, that is, reusable software elements. Term 7 of 82 Commutator Cylindrical device mounted on the armature shaft and consisting of a number of wedge-shaped copper segments arranged around the shaft (insulated from it and each other); the motor brushes ride on its periphery and electrically connect and switch the armature coils to the power source. Term 8 of 82 Voicecoil actuator Electromagnetic actuator that produces a force between two points and utilizes a coil of wire in a permanent magnetic field

Term 9 of 82 Regenerative braking Form of stopping that allows a vehicle to recapture and store part of the kinetic energy that would ordinarily be lost when braking Term 10 of 82 Triac Electronic switching element commonly used in AC output modules for PCs Term 11 of 82 Wound rotor induction motor Induction motor in which the secondary circuit consists of polyphase winding or coils whose terminals are either short circuited or closed through suitable circuits; sometimes used when high breakdown torque and a soft start or variable speed are required Term 12 of 82 Variable voltage inverter Device that controls only voltage and frequency and operates independently of the motor impedance; can be used to distribute the drive output to many motors simultaneously Term 13 of 82 Field effect transistor (FET) Semiconductor device that has a conducting channel whose resistance is modified by the electrostatic field that is produced by an adjacent gate electrode Term 14 of 82 Dynamic braking Form of stopping that uses a fixed, high wattage resistor to transform the rotating energy into heat; this system uses a contactor to connect the resistor across the DC bus at the time needed to dissipate the voltage generated by the motor Term 15 of 82 Permanent magnet DC servos Motors that utilize a permanent magnet to create a field rather than a field winding with current as is used in most DC motors Term 16 of 82 Open collector transistor Device that employs transistor devices internally as switches, which are used to switch power to the external load

Term 17 of 82 Rotor Rotating member of an induction motor made up of stacked laminations; a shaft running through the center and a squirrel cage hold the laminations together and act as a conductor for the induced magnetic field Term 18 of 82 Machine vision Sensing technology used in inspection and measurement applications Term 19 of 82 Passive tags Type of RF tag that obtains operating power generated from the RF reader. Generally read-only; once they are programmed with data, that data cannot be modified Term 20 of 82 Tachometer Instrument for measuring speed of rotation, usually in revolutions per minute Term 21 of 82 Induction motor Asynchronous alternating current motor in which the primary winding on one member (usually the stator) is connected to the power source and a secondary winding or a squirrel-cage secondary winding on the other member (usually the rotor) carries the induced current Term 22 of 82 Carrier frequency Basic frequency or pulse repetition rate of a transmitted signal; also referred to as switch frequency Term 23 of 82 Compound wound motor Combination of the shunt wound and series wound motors, generally used where severe starting conditions are met and constant speed is required at the same time Term 24 of 82 Metal-oxide varistor (MOV) Voltage limiting device that may be used to provide some degree of protection against static electricity Term 25 of 82 Motor starters

Subsystems that typically include a switching mechanism and some form of overload protection Term 26 of 82 Stator Part of an AC induction motor's magnetic structure that does not rotate and usually contains the primary winding Term 27 of 82 Two-way solenoid valve Valve that possesses two ports to which pneumatic connections may be made Term 28 of 82 Sourcing outputs Form of open-collector output modules in which the common terminal is connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply Term 29 of 82 Snubber Simple electrical circuit used to suppress electrical transients; frequently used with an inductive load where the sudden interruption of current flow would lead to a sharp rise in voltage across the device Term 30 of 82 Active tags Type of RF tag powered by an internal battery; usually RW (the tag data can be rewritten and/or modified) Term 31 of 82 Servomotor Power-driven mechanism that supplements the primary control operated by a much weaker force Term 32 of 82 Magnetorestrictive sensing Technique applied for linear position sensing of long hydraulic cylinders Term 33 of 82 Hall-effect sensors Sensors that sense the proximity of a magnetic field Term 34 of 82 Linear potentiometer Instrument for measuring an unknown voltage by comparison to a standard voltage

Term 35 of 82 Four-way solenoid valve Valve that is typically used to control double-acting cylinders (those having pneumatic connections on either side of the piston) Term 36 of 82 Hydraulic valve Fluid-powered device that converts the energy of an incompressible fluid into motion Term 37 of 82 Relay ladder logic Programming language that incorporates sophisticated control elements such as mathematical expressions, controllers, and table manipulation; traditionally used by programmable logic controllers Term 38 of 82 Interlocks Devices used to arrange the control of machines or devices so their operation is interdependent, in order to ensure that they are coordinated properly Term 39 of 82 Synchronous motor Alternating current motor that operates at a constant speed up to full load; rotor speed is equal to the speed of the rotating magnetic field of the stator and there is no slip Term 40 of 82 Sequencing Ordering of overall process events such that one control process properly completes its assigned task before handing off control to the next task process in the overall event path Term 41 of 82 Series wound motor Type of motor whose speed varies automatically with load, increasing as the load decreases Term 42 of 82 Actuator Pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric device that manipulates the rate of addition or removal of mass, energy, or some other property that can affect a controlled variable; provides the means of accelerating and decelerating the axis and maintaining its velocity and position

Term 43 of 82 Variable frequency drive Type of drive that converts fixed voltage and frequency input into a variable voltage and frequency output to change the speed of a motor Term 44 of 82 Resolver Analog feedback device relying on magnetic coupling to determine position Term 45 of 82 Radio frequency identification (RFID) Tracking technology capable of transmitting a unique identification number back to a nearby transceiver Term 46 of 82 NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) Non-profit organization organized and supported by manufacturers of electric equipment and supplies Term 47 of 82 Photoelectric sensors Sensors that send out a beam of light and sense its reflection off of an approaching object Term 48 of 82 Electromechanical relays Devices that open and close electrical contacts to operate other devices Term 49 of 82 Programming language Set of representations, conventions, and rules used to convey information and instructions to a computer Term 50 of 82 Limit switches Devices employed to sense the end of travel of mechanical motions driven by simple pneumatic cylinders Term 51 of 82 Vector motor Type of motor that would be applied to an AC vector or flux vector drive; designed to operate at low slip and to be able to handle the heat generated by providing full torque at zero speed, principles of operation are identical to those of the standard AC induction motor

Term 52 of 82 Permanent magnet motor Motor with magnets embedded into the rotor assembly, which enable the rotor to align itself with the rotating magnetic field of the stator Term 53 of 82 Analog inputs Information or data in analog form that is transferred from an external device to a computer system Term 54 of 82 Plug stopping Bringing a motor to a quick stop by applying a reverse polarity voltage to the armature and reversing the magnetic field Term 55 of 82 Potentiometer Device for measuring an electromotive force by comparing it with a known potential difference Term 56 of 82 Nameplate ratings Plate on the outside of a motor describing the motor, HP, voltage, RPMs, efficiency, design, enclosure, etc Term 57 of 82 Magnetorestrictive transducer Absolute feedback device that must be used in linear applications Term 58 of 82 Proximity switches Devices that sense a variety of materials including nonmetallic Term 59 of 82 Sequential control Class of industrial process control functions in which the objective of the control systems is to sequence the process units through a series of discrete states, as distinct from continuous control Term 60 of 82 Brushless AC motors

Permanent magnet DC motor turned inside out in which the windings move to the stator and the magnets move to the rotor. Electric commutation is employed, and current is divided into the appropriate windings in order to keep the motor turning Term 61 of 82 Encoder Device that senses and digitizes linear position change for position measurement and feedback to control systems Term 62 of 82 Software Set of computer programs designed to carry out specific tasks Term 63 of 82 Sinking outputs Form of open-collector output modules in which the common terminal is connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply Term 64 of 82 Magnetostrictive transducer Sensing device that uses magnetic fields to expand and contract material Term 65 of 82 Field Circuit in a direct current motor that is the stationary part with windings Term 66 of 82 Magnetorestrictive transducer Absolute feedback device that must be used in linear applications Term 67 of 82 Solenoid Device that produces mechanical motion from the energization of an electromagnetic coil Term 68 of 82 Proportionate control valve Valve that is constructed and controlled such that intermediate states between the valve's two extreme positions are possible Term 69 of 82 Silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)

Semiconductor device that is used to provide stepless control of an electric power circuit with the necessity of load matching Term 70 of 82 Armature Core and windings of the rotor in an electric motor or generator; the portion of the moving element of an instrument that is acted upon by magnetic flux to produce torque Term 71 of 82 Stepper motor Motor in which electrical pulses are converted into mechanical movements Term 72 of 82 Piezoconstrictive devices Devices that make use of microscopic dimensional changes in certain materials when an electric current is applied Term 73 of 82 Structured text High-level textual language that encourages structured programming Term 74 of 82 Back EMF Creation of high voltage when current to a device is interrupted or turned off. Term 75 of 82 Three-way solenoid valve Valve that possesses three ports to which pneumatic connections may be made Term 76 of 82 IEC 61131, Part 3 Standard that helps to standardize control system programming Term 77 of 82 Instruction list (IL) Low-level "assembler-like" language that is based on similar instruction list languages found in a wide range of today's PLCs Term 78 of 82 Offset voltage Effect of having output voltage something other than zero volts when two input terminals are shorted together

Term 79 of 82 Human-machine interface (HMI) requirement Considerations for operation intervention, access control, and security arrangements Term 80 of 82 Ambient temperature Temperature of the medium surrounding a device Term 81 of 82 Torque Rotary force, such as that applied by a rotating shaft at any point on its axis of rotation Term 82 of 82 Parallel (shunt) wound motor Type of DC motor that runs practically at a constant speed, regardless of the load