Patel 1 Tanvi Patel Ms.Alogna MRT / 45B 10/18/11 Chapter 7 Key Terms 1.

Automated External defibrillators (AEDS) Portable battery-powered devices that recognize ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) and advise when a countershock is indicated. The AED delivers an electric shock to patients with V-fib 2. Brachial Pulse The pulse on the inside of the upper arm. 3. Cardiac Arrest Cessation of breathing and a heartbeat 4. Carotid Pulse The pulse taken on either side of the neck 5. Chest Compression Manual chest-pressing method mimics the squeezing and relaxation cycles a normal heart goes through; administered to a person in cardiac arrest 6. Circulatory System The heart and blood vessels, which together are responsible for the continuous flow of blood throughout the body. 7. Gastric Distention Inflation of the stomach caused by excessive pressure in artificial ventilation which pushes air in to the stomach 8. 1 rescuer CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed by 1 rescuer 9. Red Blood Cells carry oxygen from lungs to body and bring CO2 back to lungs 10. Plasma Fluid part of the blood that carries blood cells, transports nutrients, and removes cellular waste materials 11. Platelets Microscopic disc-shaped elements in the blood that are essential to the process of blood clot formation, the mechanism that stops bleeding 12. Pulse The wave of pressure created by the heart as it contracts and forces blood out into major arteries 13. Radial Pulse Pulse taken at the thumb side of the wrist 14. 2 rescuer CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed by 2 rescuers 15. Ventilations Movement of air in and out of the lungs 16. Ventricular Fibrillation Uncoordinated muscular quivering of the heart; the most common abnormal rhythm causing cardiac arrest 17. White Blood Cells infection fighters; devour bacteria and disease-causing organisms. Assessment in Action 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. Chest is rising and can feel a false pulse 9. As soon as lack of pulse and breathing are determined. 10. One rescuer adult 30:2; Two rescuer adult 30:2; One rescuer infant 30:2; Two rescuer infant 15:2; One rescuer child 30:2; Two rescuer child 15:2

Patel 2 Objectives 1. Circulatory system transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body. It also brings carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs. Each beat produces a pulse which can be found on the inside of the wrist (radial), neck (carotid), inside of upper arm (brachial) and groin (femoral). 2. The heart may stop beating because of heart and blood vessel diseases, respiratory arrest, medical emergencies, drowning, suffocation, trauma or shock because of blood loss. 3. CPR requires 3 basic skills, airway, breathing, and circulation. This means opening the patients airway, providing rescue breathing, and creating a false pulse. 4. The chain of survival has essential steps for successful emergency care. The steps are early advanced care, early CPR, early defibrillation, and early cardiac life support. 5. You should star CPR when there are no signs of breathing and no pulse or reliable signs of death such as decapitation, rigor mortis, tissue decomposition, and dependent lividity. You should stop CPR when, the patient is breathing on their own, a trained person takes over, physician orders you to stop, reliable criteria for death are found, or you are too exhausted to continue. 6. Patient must be lying on firm horizontal position. Place heel of one hand in center of patients chest. Place heel of other hand on top of first hand and interlock fingers. Push down 1 to 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute; 30 for every 2 breaths. 7. Place index finger in center of infants chest, then place middle and ring fingers next to index finger. Use middle and ring fingers to push sternum 1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest. To compression at rate of 100 c/m and 30 for every two breaths. 8. For a large child, compressions are the same as adults. For a smaller child, use only one hand in the center of the chest. The compressions should be 100c/m and 30 to 2 breaths. 9. First, establish responsiveness by gently shaking the shoulder. Then open the airway and check for breathing. Perform rescue breathing then check for circulation. If none, perform chest compressions. 10. First, check for responsiveness and then open airway using head lift-chin lift or jaw-thrust maneuver. Check for breathing using LLF and then give 2 rescue breaths. Next, check the carotid pulse and begin chest compressions. Second rescuer gives rescue breaths. 11. While switching positions, rescuers should be smooth and quick. It should take 5 second or less to switch. When the compression rescuer is tired, they will let the other rescuer know and they will switch after the current cycle. 12. Place infant on firm surface and establish responsiveness. Open airway using head tiltchin lift maneuver and check for breathing. Then breathe for the infant only with small puffs. Next, check for circulation with the brachial pulse. Then give chest compressions using the middle and ring fingers to compress the sternum. Ratio should be 30:2. 13. Use 2-thumb/encircling hands technique for chest compressions. Ratio will be 15:2 with 2 rescuers CPR. Switch positions every 5 cycles or 2 minutes. 14. Establish responsiveness then open airway. Check for breathing using LLF and then give 2 rescue breaths. Then check for circulation with the carotid pulse. Next, start compressions at a 30:2 compression to breaths rate. 15. Signs of effective CPR are a false pulse felt by a second rescuer, skin color improving, chest visibly rising, and compressions and ventilations being delivered appropriately. 16. There are complications with CPR. One complication can be broken ribs which do occur. Another complication is gastric distention. Finally there is regurgitation.

Patel 3 Story Ok future lifeguards, today you will be learning a very important skill, can anyone guess what? asked Ms.Miara. Are we learning one rescuer CPR? My mom is a nurse and she taught me that when I was 10 years old, said Gianna. Yes we are, and that is great Gianna, you can help me out then. But before we start, I just want to go over how the circulatory system works. The red blood cells deliver oxygen to the body and take away carbon dioxide. The white blood cells help fight diseases. Then there are platelets and plasma; these four things are what make up blood. The system altogether works to try and get oxygen everywhere and take away carbon dioxide. Now who can tell me where you take a pulse for an adult? You can take it at the neck that is where they do it in all the movies. Said Tom. Good Tom, that is called the carotid pulse. Alright as lifeguards, you may or may not have back-up so you will need to know two-rescuer CPR as well as one rescuer. Also you will learn how to use an AED in case you come upon a case of ventricular fibrillation or V-fib. SO you guys ready? Yes! They all said in unison.