For students doing HES5108 for semester 1 2011, the topics are nearly finalised. I ha e a num!

er of staff "ho ha e not confirmed their topics for ne#t year. $ list as it currently stands can !e found on the lin% !elo". $ll topics coloured yello" are yet to !e confirmed as running. &opic selection is on a first come first ser ed !asis, you must su!mit the application form, your first ' topic selections $() your partner*s name in order that your application "ill !e processed. $s soon as the processing of enrolments is complete, I "ill !e a!le to open a !lac%!oard site for this su!+ect

Some Suggested Topic Proposals for HES5108 Civil and Biotechnology Engineering 011 Semester 1
1. !ssessment of "eteriorated #asonry Structures $ithin the #etropolitan %ail$ay &et$or' in the City of #el(ourne) Kamiran Abdouka Some of the masonry structures used in the metropolitan railway infrastructure, such as abutments, retaining walls, platforms and station buildings, in Melbourne is old enough to have deterioration and distress problems. The pro ect aims to look at the current inspection and assessment methods, e!plore the use of "#T techni$ues to improve the assessment and to propose a new analytical tool to ass the remaining life of these structures. This will be done through field study of a number of these structures with the use of the resources of a consulting firm who is currently doing this ob. %. *se of Prestressing in Steel Trusses+ Kamiran Abdouka &restressing in concrete structures is a well researched and established method of construction. 't is very popular in bridges, building floors, silos and tanks. &restressed steel, though not a new concept, has not received the same degree of attention. 'n this pro ect, the potential for using active prestressing to increase the load carrying capacity of steel trusses will be investigated and analytical prediction will be verified by e!perimental work. (. #ortarless and groutless prestressed masonry construction+ Kamiran Abdouka &ost tensioned masonry of conventional masonry has been successfully used in the )K and the )SA in the construction of walls sub ect to lateral loads. Although it is covered by the Australian Standards for Masonry Structures AS(*++, it is not very common in Australia. 'n recent years a number of dry,stack masonry products were introduced to the markets. -y dry,stack is meant that the masonry is built without mortar in the oints and instead the cores of the masonry blocks are filled reinforcing bars and grout. This research proposal is to investigate the use of mortarless groutless masonry strengthened by post tensioning. The potential advantages of this method are many and they can be summarised as., Structural. &re,stressing increases the tensile fle!ural strength of the oints and improves the bending strength and ductility of this type of construction. Speed of construction and economy. Since there is no mortar between the oints, building with mortarless masonry should be a lot faster than conventional brickwork or clockwork. Sustainability. &restressing tendons can be de,stressed and a whole wall be dismantled in a similar way to /lego blocks/ where every single masonry block or brick can be retrieved and used somewhere else as masonry units and "0T as recycled material not fit for use in buildings.

1. Structural health monitoring of (ridges using remote monitoring techni,ues and fi(re optic sensors+ 2iadh Al,Mahaidi. Much of today3s infrastructure is old and deteriorating. 'n Australia, the 'nstitution of 4ngineers Australia 5'4Aust6 produced a health report card which identified ma or deficiencies in State and 7ocal road bridges. This has been e!acerbated by the increased mass limits introduced in 1888. The capacity of many of these bridges to sustain modern traffic loads is $uestionable. 9hile these bridges re$uire ma or rehabilitation, the amount of funding available for maintenance is scarce. 't is therefore imperative that a method be found to monitor the condition of these bridges and, where a problem is discovered, continuously monitor their condition in order to detect further degradation long before failure occurs. This pro ect will involve a survey of available technologies with emphasis on structural health monitoring using remote sensing techni$ues with fibre optic sensors. :. Structural health monitoring of oil and gas pipelines using long gauge fi(re optic sensors+ 2iadh Al,Mahaidi Structural ;ealth Monitoring 5S;M6 is a relatively new concept in civil engineering applications. <urrently, condition monitoring of oil and gas pipelines is based almost entirely on visual inspection. =isual inspection is generally sub ective and thus unreliable. #amage detection and $uantification using smart structures technology is a tool that is little used in pipelines, but could eliminate much of the sub ectivity inherent in visual inspections. The work will involve literature survey of the available technologies. >. Precast concrete for lo$ cost housing- state of the art. 2iadh Al,Mahaidi The )nited "ations #evelopment &rogram 5)"#&6 issued numerous reports on the housing crises facing under,developed and developing countries. The situation is dire and there is much need to develop innovative low cost housing. <urrent systems are economically not viable for many poor countries. This pro ect is aimed at surveying the state of the art on modern construction methods used in precast concrete systems for low cost housing to suit today3s housing needs worldwide. The work will involve literature survey and e!amples of successful low cost housing pro ects. *. .inite element analysis of the approach spans of the /est 0ate Bridge. 2iadh Al, Mahaidi The approach spans of the 9est ?ate -ridge are currently being retrofitted with innovative materials in the form of carbon fibre polymer laminates and fabrics. This is to account for the planned increase in the of operational traffic lanes from 1 to : each way. This pro ect is aimed at performing (# finite element analyses of the bridge deck to show the level of increase in structural actions 5bending, shear, torsion6 in the deck due to the increased traffic loading. @. Characteristics and strength assessment of old metalic (ridges in !ustralia . 2iadh Al, Mahaidi This pro ect looks into the characteristics of metallic bridges that are of historical significance. Such bridges were built in the late 18th and early %+th centuries as road and rail bridges throughout Australia. The pro ect aims at reviewing the methods used in the strength assessment and, if necessary, strengthening of such bridges. 8. Engineering properties and applications of slag+ AA&rof Arul Arulra ah Slag is a by,product of the iron and steel industry. This pro ect involves a report of the various types of slag available in Australia as well as reporting on their engineering

properties and engineering applications. The pro ect re$uires good geotechnical e!perimental and analytical knowledge and a keen interest in geotechnical engineering. 1+. 1arge shear2(o3 testing of recycled glass (lends. AA&rof Arul Arulra ah This pro ect re$uires physical testing of recycled glass blends with crushed concrete and rock in a large shear bo!. As the e$uipment is a sophisticated e$uipment, the computerised operations of the e$uipment will be undertaken by a current &h# student. The pro ect re$uires good geotechnical e!perimental and analytical knowledge and a keen interest in geotechnical engineering. Students applying for this pro ect should be physically able to handle, test and compact large $uantities of samples 5(+ kg per test6. 11. .ield performance of recycled glass in trial road pavements. AA&rof Arul Arulra ah A Swinburne research pro ect resulted in the construction of a trial road pavement with recycled glass blends. Bield test results are available. This pro ect will involve analysis of the field performance of recycled glass in road pavements. The pro ect re$uires good geotechnical e!perimental and analytical knowledge and interest in geotechnical engineering. 1%. .ield performance of recycled glass in footpath applications+ AA&rof Arul Arulra ah A Swinburne research pro ect resulted in the construction of a council footpath with recycled glass blends. Bield test results are available. This pro ect will involve analysis of the field performance of recycled glass in footpaths. The pro ect re$uires good geotechnical e!perimental and analytical knowledge and a keen interest in geotechnical engineering. 1(. 4mpact of $ave directionality on $ave properties measured at a single point+ Ale! -abanin Knowledge of ocean wave properties, like mean and ma!imal wave height, period of dominant waves, is very important for many engineering and environmental applications. )sually, these properties are obtained by means of measuring the ocean surface elevations at a single point and applying statistical or spectral analysis to such records. Single,point time series, however, indirectly assume that the waves are two,dimensional. 'n reality, the waves are essentially three,dimensional, i.e. they come to the measurement point at different angles, often $uite obli$ue to the mean wind or wave propagation direction. This means that, for e!ample, a registration of a very high wave can in fact mark an event of superposition of two moderately high waves having come from two different directions. Such a superposition will disperse immediately behind the measurement point and will not keep propagating as a freak Ckiller,waveD as the two,dimensional approach implies. The pro ect is intended to analyse wave data, recorded at 7ake ?eorge, "ew South 9ales, to reveal a possible impact of the wave directionality on statistics of appearance of real freak waves, as opposed to statistics produced by the routine analysis of single,point records. At 7ake ?eorge, the single,point wave,probe measurements of the wavy surface were supplemented with synchronous video footage of the measurement location. The data processing will re$uire identification of events of interest in the wave time series, finding the respective events in the video records and making conclusions on whether the recorded freak or very high seas were real propagating waves or instantaneous superpositions of directional components. Statistics of CrealD high waves and CrecordedD high waves will be compared and will serve as a valuable tool for possible corrections of earlier observed statistics of e!treme events. Apart from the statistics of appearance of individual freak and high waves, impact of the directionality on other measured properties of wind,generated waves, like wave skewness and asymmetry, will also be considered.

11. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Pavement %eha(ilitation 5 #aintenance Effort (y !nalysing %oad Profile "ata+ 2obert 4vans 1:. Evaluation of %oad %oughness (y /avelet !nalysis of %oad Profile "ata+ 2obert 4vans 1>. #odelling the effect of roadside tree plantations on road roughness and pavement deterioration for rural high$ays founded on e3pansive soils+ 2obert 4vans 1*. 4dentifying 5modelling environmental factors against pavements $ith high roughness gro$th rates+ 2obert 4vans 1@. "esign spreadsheets for use in 0eotechnical Engineering 6i)e) shallo$ foundationsslope sta(ility- piling- etc7+ 2obert 4vans 18) "esign spreadsheet for cold formed steel mem(ers+ 4mad ?ad The aim of this pro ect is to e!tend the scope of a spreadsheet for the design of cold formed steel sections. The e!isting spreadsheet can analyse lipped channels. 0ther sections to be added include, unlipped channels and E sections. 0) "esign spreadsheet for cold formed steel mem(ers+ 4mad ?ad The aim of this pro ect is to e!tend the scope of a spreadsheet for the design of cold formed steel sections. The e!isting spreadsheet can analyse lipped channels. 0ther sections to be added include, unlipped channels and E sections. %1. "amage assessment of (ric' veneer houses due to environmental loads+ 4mad ?ad %%. "esign of rigid connections using !S9100+ 4mad ?ad :) "esign spreadsheet for cold formed steel connections+ 4mad ?ad This aim of this pro ect is review typical connections for cold formed steel members including screws, blind rivets, clinches and adhesives. #esign tools, using 4!cel, could be developed to determine the capacity of single fasteners as well as fastener groups. %1. "esign of residential /all (racing in regards to lateral load+ 4mad ?ad %:. "esign of rigid connections using !S9100+ 4mad ?ad %>. Synthetic Turf or &atural 0rass- $hich is (etter for the environment- the city and end users+ Shirley ?ato,Trindad This study will compare the advantages and disadvantages of synthetic turf and natural grass in terms of water savings, runoff effects, environmental haFards, etc. A literature survey will be conducted locally and internationally on this topic and also the trends of synthetic turf installation both nationally and internationally. %*. Characterisation of 0reater #el(ourne "roughts+ Shirley ?ato,Trindad This study will involve a review of literature of the models and indices used in the characterisation of droughts. 4!amine the method used by -0M and compare the results using -0M method and S&' 5standard precipitation inde!6. %@. ;uantification of em(edded energy for end uses of $ater+ Shirley ?ato,Trindad This study will involve a review of literature on the process and models used in calculating

the energy re$uired to further treat, circulate, heat or cool water at the consumer level. The embedded energy for end uses of water will be $uantified using these models. %8. !ssessment of the Cost2Benefit of %ain$ater Tan's+ Shirley ?ato,Trindad The ob ective of the study is to e!amine the cost,benefit of rainwater tanks rebates provided by the =ictorian ?overnment. Since %++*, various levels of rebates have been available, depending on the siFe of the tank and connection for indoor water uses, in particular for toilet flushing and clothes washing. #ifferent levels of saving in potable water may be e!pected for different tank siFeA configurations. These may be elucidated using data provided by Garra =alley 9ater on the water use of homes before and after the uptake of a rainwater tank rebate compared to the water use of controls. The water savings may be compared to the H amounts of the rebates to assess their cost effectiveness for the ?overnment. -y gathering data on the actual cost of rainwater tanks and their installation, cost,benefit from the customers3 point of view can then be assessed. The results can be compared against a literature review of the results of similar studies on rainwater cost, benefit. 0n the $ualitative side, a review of other environmental benefits provided by rainwater tanks will complete the research. (+. !nalysis of changes in load spectra (y a3le type and changes in heavy vehicle fleet over time+ 2ayya ;assan The aim of this pro ect is to look at the changes in heavy vehicle fleet, a!le types and load spectra of the different a!le types over the period 188:,%++8. 't will involve analysing data collected from a number of 9eigh in Motion 59'M6 sites on ma or freight routes in =ictoria. (1. "eveloping a performance assessment criteria for road line mar'ing+ 2ayya ;assan &ast studies have shown that poorly maintained line marking and other pavement markings are considered a ma or contributor to road crashes. This pro ect involves reviewing the available published literature on the standardsAcriteria currently in use for triggering maintenance of road line markings. The pro ect will also include an investigation into the relationship between the $uality of line markings and crash rate by analysing published data in relevant studies. (%. Characterisation of anomalous roughness data 6 pro<ects7+ 2ayya ;assan The aim of this study is to study roughness characteristics of a number of road features that result in anomalous roughness data. Beatures such as pit lids, bridge oints, tram and rail crossings and roundabouts are associated with high roughness values due to their geometric features. The pro ect will involve assessing the effectiveness of different roughness measures in detecting these anomalies. 2elevant data is available for a number of =ictorian roads. ((. 1ong term performance of recycled asphalt mi3es+ 2ayya ;assan This pro ect involves analysing surface condition data for urban road sections surfaced with virgin and recycled hot mi! asphalt 5;MA6 with 2A& 5recycled asphalt pavement6. The data has been collected by -risbane <ity <ouncil over a number of years. The aim of the pro ect is to assess the differences in long term performance between virgin and recycled ;MA. (1. Parameters influencing the si=ing of domestic rain$ater tan's in &orthern #el(ourne 5#r. MonFur 'mteaF6 A daily water balance model has been developed at Swinburne for the analysis of

rainwater tank performances in regards to total water saved, augmented townwater supply needed and total overflow from the tank. This spreadsheet based model will be used for the daily rainfall data for "orthern Melbourne. Analysing historical daily rainfall for "orthern Melbourne, characteristics of different design parameters for the siFing of rainwater tank will be demonstrated. (:. %ain$ater tan' design using monthly rainfall data 6 #r. MonFur 'mteaF6 To design and analyse rainwater tanks using monthly rainfall data is a traditional practice across the world. A daily water balance model has been developed at Swinburne for the analysis of rainwater tank performances in regards to total water saved, augmented townwater supply needed and total overflow from the tank. This spreadsheet based model will be used for the daily rainfall data for "igeria. #aily analysis outcomes will be compared with the earlier published outcomes using monthly rainfall data for the same region. :>) Engineers /ithout Borders 6E/B7 "esign Challenge+ 6 #r. MonFur 'mteaF6 6Water Supply and Sanitation Systems) This year 5%+116, 49- proposed some design challenge for &itchandikulam Borest in Auroville, near <hennai, 'ndia to address the social, environmental and economic issues facing people in the region. :?) Engineers /ithout Borders 6E/B7 "esign Challenge+ 6 #r. MonFur 'mteaF6 6Waste Management) This year 5%+116, 49- proposed some design challenge for &itchandikulam Borest in Auroville, near <hennai, 'ndia to address the social, environmental and economic issues facing people in the region. (@. Engineering properties and applications of recycled asphalt pavement 6%!P7 materials 6geotechnical e3perimental and analytical 'no$ledge re,uired7+ &ira Iegatheesan This pro ect will involve laboratory determination of materials properties and analysis of the performance of 2A& in pavement sub,base applications. The pro ect re$uires good geotechnical e!perimental and analytical knowledge and a keen interest in geotechnical engineering. (8. 1os angels a(rasion test for %!P (lended $ith crushed concrete and crushed roc'+ &ira Iegatheesan The $uality of aggregates for a given usage is determined by physical and mechanical test methods. 0ne of the important properties of rock aggregates is abrasion resistance generally tested using the 7os Angeles testing machine. The wear due to attrition between rock particles and also due to impact and crushing by steel spheres is measured in the test. This pro ect focuses on evaluating the abrasion resistance of 2A& blended with crushed rock and crushed concrete in various proportions. The pro ect re$uires good geotechnical e!perimental and analytical knowledge 1+. California Bearing test for %!P (lended $ith crushed concrete and crushed roc'+ &ira Iegatheesan The <alifornia -earing 2atio Test 5<-2 Test6 is a penetration test developed by <alifornia State ;ighway #epartment 5).S.A.6 for evaluating the bearing capacity of soil for design of fle!ible pavement. This pro ect will evaluate the <-2 values of 2A& blended with

<rushed concrete and crushed rock. The tests will be carried out in water soaked conditions. The pro ect re$uires good geotechnical e!perimental and analytical knowledge 11. .la'iness inde3 test for %!P (lended $ith crushed concrete and crushed roc')+ &ira Iegatheesan Blakiness inde! test is to determine the percentage of particles in a coarse aggregate material that have a thickness 5smallest dimension6 of less than one,half of the nominal siFe. This pro ect will evaluate the flakiness indices of 2A& blended with crushed concrete and crushed rock. The pro ect re$uires good geotechnical e!perimental and analytical knowledge 1%. "etermine the role of temperature on the (rea'do$n of municipal $aste $ithin a landfill+ Iulia 7amborn 9aste within a landfill is broken down by a combination of microbial activity and chemical reactions. Some microbial populations operate under different conditions within the anaerobic environment. This pro ect is to investigate the effect that the temperature has on the waste breakdown. 1(. Solutions for @ictoriaAs 1ong Term Ha=ardous /aste+ Iulia 7amborn 9ith the proposal for the 7ong Term <ontainment Bacility at "owingi not going ahead, =ictoria needs to e!amine the $uantities, treatment and storage of the state3s haFardous waste. 's the state3s solution of increasing the haFardous waste levy and using 7yndhurst 7andfill going to be sufficient to deal with =ictoria3s haFardous waste for the long termJ 11. 4nvestigate the predicted demand for electricity in @ictoria for the ne3t 0 years+ Iulia 7amborn Since the privatisation of the electricity market in =ictoria in 188+, very few base load power stations have been built and the demand for electricity is increasing. 'nvestigate the predicted growth in electricity demand over the ne!t %+ years and recommend a feasible mi! of energy sources that could deliver that demand. 1:. #unicipal 0reen /aste Collection+ Iulia 7amborn Many local councils have a green waste collection service. 'nvestigate how this collected green waste is used, the issues and costs involved with its collection and recommend methods to ensure cost effective utilisation of this resource. 1>. @irtual and !ugmented %eality in Civil Engineering+ #r 2uslan &uscasu As humans we see the world around us in three dimensions. As engineers and scientists we attempt to understand our data in a visual form as a plot or a picture. These two, dimensional portrayals of inherently three,dimensional processes are often difficult to understand due to the siFe of the datasets or the comple!ity of the system being portrayed. =irtual 2eality 5=26 and Augmented 2eality 5A26 are techni$ues by which human beings interface with multidimensional environments. =2 and A2 allows us to view and interact with three,dimensional data in a three,dimensional environment and provides an actual sense of presence that can inherently change the way we analyse the data. 'n this pro ect the students will be introduced in =2 and A2 technologies and use them in the development of educational applications related to various fields of civil engineering. An artificial three,dimensional world will be created based on a data set of interest which one is then able to enter, navigate through, and directly interact with. The data may be from recorded e!perimental observations, computer simulations, or from artistically crafted

models. )ltimately, the students will present their results in a state,of,the,art display environment , the Swinburne =irtual 2eality 7ab. 1*. "esign of E,uipment for !ccelerated Car(onation Testing of Concrete. Iay San ayan, Marita -erdnt 7ong term durability is a ma or design consideration for structural engineers, especially in the design of ma or infrastructures such as bridges and tunnels. <arbonation of concrete is a main form of concrete deterioration in Australia. The carbonation process involves carbon dio!ide in the atmosphere reacting with calcium hydro!ide in concrete pore water. This reaction results in a reduction of concrete p;. <orrosion of embedded steel reinforcement can be initiated when a carbonation front reaches the depth of steel due to this p; reduction. &ropagation of corrosion results in cracking and spalling of concrete. There is lack of data on Australian concrete mi!es and their rate of carbonation. This pro ect aims to make the first step towards setting up test apparatus at Swinburne )niversity of Technology which will enable carbonation testing. Specifically, the pro ect will involve the following tasks. &erform literature survey on test methods for accelerated carbonation #esign test apparatus for accelerated carbonation testing This pro ect will be ointly supervised by Iay San ayan5Swinburne6 and Marita -erndt, &rincipal Materials 4ngineer, A4<0M. 1@. #ethods to 4dentify Corrosion of Prestressing Steel+ Iay San ayan &restressing steel in concrete structures 5commonly in bridges6 can corrode over time. 'f undetected, they can cause catastrophic failures due to rupture of prestressing steel. This pro ect will investigate methods to identify corrosion of steel using 516 non destructive test methods and 5%6 physical e!amination. "on destructive test methods such as acoustic and !,ray are desirable since they can be performed relatively easily but the accuracy is $uestionable. Burther, the pro ect will also study how to estimate the risk of such failures and how engineers and asset managers can account for this risk in their design. 18. Torsion "esign of %einforced Concrete Structures. Iay San ayan Torsion design of reinforced concrete is not widely covered in undergraduate studies and in te!tbooks. The torsion provisions in AS(>++ and AS:1++, the Australian codes, have not been updated in recent years. This pro ect will look at the latest methods covered in the literature and provide an up,to,date treatment of this issue. :+. %ate of 1ea'age of /ater through Concrete Crac's in /ater %etaining Structures . Iay San ayan <oncrete is widely used to construct water retaining structures, such as dams, water tanks and underground tunnels. <racks in concrete allow leakage of water through concrete in these structures. 7imited amount of water leakage is unavoidable and can be tolerated in these structures through cracks. 2ate of leakage of water through concrete cracks depend on the siFe of cracks, and in many cases, the cracks self,heal and the leakage reduces with time. This pro ect re$uires the student to study this problem in these structures, especially various factors that affect the rate of leakage and find method5s6 to calculate the rate of leakage. :1. /aste 0lass as a Cement and Sand replacement in Concrete #anufacture+ Iay San ayan 2ecycled crushed glass is commonly derived from household waste collection as well as

construction and demolition 5<K#6 activities. There is now a developing emphasis on environmental management which has resulted in a growing push to investigate the viability of reuse of all categories of waste material such as <K# materials. <urrently there is no application for crushed glass as cement or sand replacements in concrete manufacture, although considerable research has been done in this area worldwide. This pro ect will study the suitability of recycled crushed glass available in Melbourne for this usage. :%. Statistical properties of directional $aves+ Alessandro Toffoli Bor the design of marine structure, the statistical properties of ocean waves and in particular the occurrence of e!treme waves are essential inputs. ;ere laboratory e!periments in a directional wave tank will be used to test the accuracy of a number of theoretical probability density functions to predict the statistical properties of the wave height. :(. /ave2current interaction in oceanic $aters+ Alessandro Toffoli 9hen waves propagate over an ambient current, their energy spectrum is modified. This may have important implications for the development of ocean wave models. 7aboratory e!periments will be used to investigate the effect of an opposing current on the evolution of ocean wave spectra. :1. Effect of $ave2current interaction on e3treme $aves+ Alessandro Toffoli 9ave,current interaction is believed to be responsible for the formation of large amplitude waves, especially when waves propagate against the current. At present, however, it is not yet clear what is the effect of the wave,current interaction on wave statistics. 7aboratory e!periments will be used to address this problem. ::. Passive "amping Techni,ues for Building Structures+ Iohn 9ilson This pro ect e!amines the introduction of passive damping techni$ues to reduce the dynamic responses of buildings. The study will involve a literature survey of the different techni$ues available. 'n addition a basic analytical study using a case study structure will be undertaken to assess the response of a structure with and without the introduction of additional passive damping. :>. Performance of underground pipe infrastructure su(<ect to (last vi(ration+ Iohn 9ilson, 4mad ?ad The performance of underground pipe infrastructure to mine related blast vibrations will be investigated. The study will involve a comprehensive literature survey from both local and international sources. 4!perimental data collected from field studies undertaken in ;unter =alley will be used to correlate damage levels with structural displacements and velocities. The pro ect will also involve an investigation into threshold damage strain levels for different materials. :*. .aBade Engineering+ Iohn 9ilson Bacades are the interface between the internal and e!ternal environments of buildings and are selected on a number of performance criteria including. strength, serviceability, durability and longevity, maintenance and cleaning, light transmissibility, thermal insulation and solar gain, ventilation, waterproofing, aesthetics, embodied energy and capital and life cycle costing. This pro ect will investigate the development of faLade systems with particular emphasis on current trends and technological developments including the latest glass technologies, faLade systems developed for Mgreen3 or sustainable buildings and double faLade systems.

:@. Em(odied Energy associated $ith "omestic Housing+ Iohn 9ilson This research pro ect will investigate the embodied energy needed in the construction of new houses in Australia using different materials and will be compared with typical operational energy re$uirements over a nominal :+ year life cycle. 'n addition, the embodied energy re$uirements of contents in typical houses will be compared with that of the house structure. A significant feature of this pro ect involves the investigation of the embodied energy $uantities associated with typical materials used in domestic housing. 2esults will be summariFed in energy per s$uare meter so that the research outcomes can be readily applied to other pro ects. :8. 0reen %oofs+ Iohn 9ilson ?reen roofs are an emerging technology for buildings that could assist in greater energy efficiency, reduced heat load, increased roof life, opportunities for rainwater harvesting, provision of recreational and habitat space and the attenuation of noise. The research pro ect will focus on the historical and future development of green roofs, recent case studies and the cost and benefits from an economic, environmental and societal perspective. >+. Transport infrastructure planning in a car(on constrained economy. Iohn 9ilson The pro ect will investigate the scenarios of carbon trading and peak oil and the implications for the planning and development of transport infrastructure. The pro ect will focus on Australia, but draw on case studies from international practice.