s.s.

2nd sem
L no- 21 TRANSPORT IN INDIA

EX1 .TICK THE CORRECT OPTION

1. The invention of wheel made traveller easier.
2. Tar is used in metal roads.
3. Indian railways is the second largest railway system in the world.
4. Duronto is a type of train.
5. Chhattarpataji shivaji international airport is at Mumbai.
Match
1. Indira Gandhi-name of an international airport
2. Spicejet-a private airline
3. Duronto a type of train
4. Golden quadrilateral-a network of roadways
BLANKS
1. India has one of the worlds largest networks of railways.
2. Kolkata and Delhi have the metro rail system

3. Air travel is the fastest but most expensive modes of transport.

4. Tanker ships are used to carry oil and other petroleum products from one place to
another.
5. The first train ran between Mumbai and thane in 1853.
Name them
1. Two means of roadways
Cars, buses
2. Two means of airways
Aeroplane, Helicopter
3. Two means of water ways
Boats, Steamers
4. The cheapest means of transport
Waterways
5. The ship that are used to carry oil and other petroleum products
Tanker ships
6. The most expensive modes of transport
Airways
7. Two superfast trains
Rajdhani, Satabdi
Give reasons
1 .The Indian railway is known as life line of our country because railways carry a large
number of people from one place to another at the same time.
2. Airways play an important role during the disaster because during these times food and
other supplies can be air dropped to reach the affected people quickly.

3. Water transport is the cheapest modes of transport because it is very useful for
transporting bulky goods such as iron ore coal, timber, petroleum products etc.
Answer the following
Q1What are the four means of transport?
A .1 The four means of transport are
1. Road ways
2. Railways
3. Airways
4. Waterways
Q2.What kind of roads do we have in rural areas?
A2.We have both pucca and kachcha roads in rural areas.
Q3.Which cities in India have the metro rail system?
A3.Kolkata and Delhi have the metro rail system.
Q4. Name three private airlines in India?
A4.Three private airlines in India are Jet, Indigo, and Kingfisher.
Answer in brief
Q1.What are the advantages of air travel?
A1.The advantages of air travel were as follows
1. Air travel is the faster.
2. It can fly over any territory, high mountains or vast desert.
3. It is also used to transport mail, perishable food items
Q2.What is the advantage s of water transport?

A2. 1. Water transport is the cheapest modes of transport.

2. It is also very convenient for carrying bulky goods ,such as coal iron ore ,
petroleum products etc.
Short note
1. The four means of transport are roadways, railways, airways and waterways.
2. Roadways are the most convenient modes of transport .India has one of the worlds
largest network of roadways.
3. India has one of the largest networks of railways.
4. Airways are the fastest but most expensive modes of transport.
5. Waterways is the cheapest mode of transporting bulky goods.

-L-22. COMMUNICATION
EX.1- Tick the correct answer
1. Pigeon was used to send messages in the earlier days.
2. We dial std code before a number to talk to people in other country.
3. SMS means short message service.
4. Marconi is related to the development of radio.
True or false
1. Communication is not at all important false.
2. E-mail can be sent through a radio false.
3. Newspapers are not printed in regional languages .false
4. Live programmes can be telecasted through satellite.-True

Ex3-Match
1. Telegram- to send the message quickly
2. ISD-to talk to people in other country
3. Fax-connected to phone
4. E-mail-mail sent through internet
Ex4. Name them
1. The process of sending and receiving messages
A. Communication
2. Means of supplying information number of people
A. Mass media
3. An object sent into space to collect information
A. Satellites
4. Sending message to one person
A. Mobile
5. Three ways of sending messages immediately
A .Telegram, Fax, Mobile
6. Name any three ways of sending a written message to someone
A. Fax
7. An important means of sending a written message or photograph to someone
A .Fax
8. Two means of communication through the computer

A. Internet, E-mail
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
Q1. What is communication?
A1. The process of sending and receiving messages is called communication.
Q2.What are the different modes of communication?
A2.The different modes of communication are post , telecommunication and mass
media.
Q3. What is mass communication?
A3.Through mass communication, messages can reach a large number of people at the
same time.
ANSWER IN BRIEF:
Q1.What is E-MAIL? How does it help us?
A1. 1) The instant way of communication through internet is called E-Mail
2) It helps us in sending and receiving messages and letters- reach far off places
within no time.

Give reasons
1. Communication is important in our lives because through communication we can
express our thoughts, share ideas and exchanges information.

2. Television is an important means of mass communication because through this

medium,
we can not only hear latest news and entertainment programmes but also we can
see them.

SHORTNOTES-Means of communication:

1) Today we have more reliable fast methods of sending messages.

2) We can send letters, money orders, parcels and telegrams through a post.
3) Telephone is the fastest and most convenient means of sending spoken messages.
4) Newspapers, radio and TV are the means of mass communication.
5) Television is the most popular means of mass communication.

2nd Semester S.S

L-26 Our Rights and Duties

Ex1 Choose the correct ans.

1.To own a car is not a Fundamental Right.
a.Equality

b.Freedom

c.Freedom of religion

d.To own a car

2. Secularism is related to religion.

a.Economy

b.Society

c.Religion

d.Book

3.Right to equality is a Fundamental Right.

a.Duty

b.Right

c.Principal

d.Ideal

Ex2 Blanks.
1.

Secularism means treating all the

religions equally.
2.Our constitution provides certain

guidelines for government.

3.A constitution is a set of rules according to which government

governs or runs a country.

4. The constitution of India is the

longest written constitution in the
world.

5.All the people of our country who are above the age of eighteen years can vote
and elect their representative.

6.India adopted its constitution on 26 January 1950.

Ex3True or false.

1.India has no constitution.False

2.

Democracy , secularism and socialism are some of our constitution.True

3.

India is a secular country.True

4.

The constitution of India provides seven Fundamental Rights.False

5.

Directive Principels help the government of India.True

Ex4 Match.

1.Secularism-treating all religions equally.

2.Socialism-social and economic equality.

3.Democracy-freedom to elect own government.

4.Right against exploitation-a Fundamental Right.

Ex5 Name Them.

1.People are free to elect their representative.

Ans. Democracy.

2.All the citizens of India should enjoy social equality and economic prosperity.
Ans. Socialism.

3.Treating all the religions equally.

Ans. Secularism.

4.A set of rules according to which a government runs a country.

Ans. Constitution.

5.Three goals laid in the constitution.

Ans. Socialism, Secularism, Democracy.

Ex6 Give Reasons.

1.The directive principles are treated as the guidelines for the government
because it helps the government to make policies for the welfare of the
People.

Ex7 Q/A.

Q.1 What is constitution ?

A.1 A set of rules according to which a country is called constitution.

Q.2 When was our constitution finally adopted ?

A.2 Our constitution was finally adopted on 26th January 1950.

Q.3 List the six Fundamental Rights ?

A.3 The six Fundamental Rights are as follow:1.Right to equality.
2.Right to freedom.
3. Right to freedom of religion.
4. Right against exploitation.
5. Cultural and educational Rights.
6. Right to constitutional remedies.

Q.4 What is Democracy?

A.4 Democracy means that people are free to elect their representative.

Q.5 What is Secularism?

A.5 Secularism means treating all the religions equally.

Q.6 Who has the right to vote?

A.6 All the people of our right to vote.

Q.7 Write any four Fundamental Duties?

A.7 The four Fundamental duties are as follow:1. We must respect our national flag and national symbols.
2. We must not engage in Violence.
3. We must defend the country in times of danger.
4. We must protect monument and Public property.

L-23 OUR CULTURE

Ex-1

Blanks.

1.

India is a land of rich culture and heritage.

2.

Language is an important medium for effective communication.

3.

Classical dances were usually performed in temple as a form of worship.

4.

The art of painting was made popular during the Mughal rule in India.

5.

Tansen was one of the gems in Akbars court.

6.

Architecture is the art of making buildings.

7.

Different states of India have their own traditional costumes for men and women.

8.

Dance, music and architecture enrich the culture of India.

EX-2

TRUE OR FALSE.

1.

Men in Bihar wear phiran. False

2.

Kathak is the classical dance form of Uttar Pradesh. True.

3.

The folk dance of Odisha is Hikat. False.

4.

Ghoomar is a form of classical music. False.

5.

Republic day is a national festival. True.

EX-3 MATCH.
1.

Victoria memorial Kolkata.

2.

Kannada language.

3.

Odissi Odisha.

4.

Sarnath Buddhist stupa.

5.

National festival Republic day.

EX-4 NAME THEM.

1.

The most popular dress worn by women of India Sari.

2.

The art of making building Architecture.

3.

An important dium for effective communication language.

4.

This dances are usually performed in temples as a form of worship Classical

dance.

EX-5 ANSWER THE QUES.

Q-1 How many official languages are there in India?
A-1 There are twenty seven official languages in India.
Q-2 Name some of the important monuments belonging to the Mughal period.
A-2 Some of the important monuments belonging to the Mughal period are Red fort, Taj
Mahal and Jama Masjid.
Q-3 Name the types of festivals celebrated in India.
A-3 The types of festivals celebrated in India are national festivals, religious festivals
and harvest festivals.
Q-4 Write the names of three classical dances with their states?
A-4 The names of three classical dances with their states are :-

Bharatnatyam Tamilnadu.
Kathak Uttar Pradesh.
Manipuri Manipur.
Q-5 Write the names of three folk dances with their states.?
A-5 The names of the folk dances are
Bhangra and Gidda Punjab
Ghoomar Rajasthan.
Dandia and Garba Gujarat.
EX - 6 ANS IN DETAIL.
Q-1 Paintings can be an important source to understand the lifestyle of people?How?
A-1.Paintings is an important medium to express ones thoughts.2. The paintings of
different time and era tell us about the lifestyle to the people of those people.
Q-2What are constributions made by the Mughals to the development of the architecture
of india?
A-1.The Mughals have constributed a lot to Indian architecture.2.They had their distinct
style of architecture.3.These structures had domes along with minerals.4.RedFort, TajMahal, Jama Masjid are the examples of their grand architectures.
L NO 8 OUR HELPERS
Ex.1 Name the persons.
1.

Cobbler

2.

Mason

3.

Blacksmith

4.

Farmer

5.

Carpenter

6.

Potter

(Work book)

7.

Confectioner

8.

Grain parcher

9.

Tailor

10.

Baker

Ex.2 Identify and write my name.

1.

Florist

2.

Greengrocer

3.

Weaver

4.

Goldsmith

5.

Barber

6.

Plumber

7.

Washerman.
Ex.3 NAME THE CRAFTSMAN WHO USES THESE IMPLEMENTS.

1.

Carpenter

2.

Blacksmith

3.

Mason

4.

Barber

5.

Farmer

6.

Tailor

Ex.4. WHAT ITEMS DO THE FOLLOWING CRAFTSMEN MAKE.

1.

Doors, windows, cots, tables, chairs.

2.

Plough, spade , sickle, hoe.

3.

Pots, cups, plates, lamp-stands , bricks.

4.

Shoes, chappals, sandals, belt, purse.

5.

Houses, schools, hospitals, pools, tanks.

Ex.5 WHICH IMPLEMENTS DO THE FOLLOWING CRAFTSMEN USE.

1.

Potters wheel, wooden shaper.

2.

Hammer, anvil, bellows, scissors, file.

3.

Saw, surface, vice, chisel, hammer.

4.

Leveller, mesh, plummer, iron-bucket,

5.

Sewing-machine, needle, thread, measure-tape.

6.

Razor, blade, scissor

Ex.6 BLANKS.
1.

Cobbler.

2.

Green grocer.

3.

Mason.

4.

Plane.

5.

Blacksmith.

Ex.7 What services is rendered by the following professionals?

1.

He drives vehicles.

2.

He distributes letters, parcels, money-orders.

3.

He helps in maintaining law and order and helps in protecting our life and property.

4.

Teacher teaches students to read and write.

5.

The Judge hears complaints and give judgement.

6.

He diagnoses diseases and gives treatment.

Ex.8WRITE THE PLACE OF WORK.

1.

School

2.

Court

3.

Hospital

4.

Police-station.

5.

Office

6.

Hospital.

Ex.9 IDENTIFY ME.

1.

Postman

2.

Teacher.

3.

Conductor

4.

Policeman

5.

Doctor

6.

Judge.

7.

Sweeper

8.

Q.10 Name some craftsmen and workers who are generally self-employed?
A.10 Some craftsmen and workers like farmer, fishermen, salt-maker, tailor, grainparcher, green-grocer, confectioner etc are generally self-employed.
Q.11 Name some professionals who receive a definite salary for providing services.
A.11 Some professionals like postman, policeman, driver, sweeper, teacher, peon etc
receive a definite salary for providing services.