professional nursing credentials

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background Nursing is an art-oriented to man, appreciate fellow feeling for the individual, and a sense of decency and what actions should be done. Based on the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Regulation No. HK.02.02/Menkes/148/I/2010 of license and implementation practice nurse that the nurse is a person who has graduated nurse education both at home and abroad in accordance with the legislation in force. Nurses are responsible for any actions especially for duty in the hospital, clinic, nursing home, clinic or community. Although not in the context of the task or not being meklaksanakan service, nurses are responsible in the tasks inherent in nurses. Nurses have a role and a function that has been agreed upon. Nurse nurse had promised with an oath that he will always carry out his duties. Credentials is a process to determine and maintain the competency of nursing practice. Credentials process consists of several activities including licensing, registration, certification, and accreditation. Process credentials in Indonesia, is still not completely organized due to many factors. One of the main factors that cause barriers to credential process is not legalization bill Nursing Practice. To get a license then a graduate of a professional nursing education must register with the board of nursing in each province to take the exam (Kozier, 1990). Development of nursing in America has been growing since long and licensing process for nurses in particular credentials have been born in 1923 in the country. So the development of nursing in the United States is much more advanced in countries compare Indonesia. In the USA for example, permission given to nursing practice professional nursing began in 1903 precisely in the State of North Carolina, then in 1923 all states had been admitted to practice for nurses (Kozier, 1990). B. Purpose General Purpose:

To understand how the process of professional nursing credentials in order to eventually meet predetermined standards of nursing. Special purpose after studying the topic of the credentials should be able to: 1. Mentioning about the credentials in terms of professional nursing 2. State the purpose and the types of professional credentials in nursing 3. Describes the processes credentials in nursing practice standards 4. Apply and meet the standards of nursing to become a professional nurse credentials after studying this process. C. Scope In this paper we discuss the nursing professionals about the professional credentials in nursing. D. Writing Methods Writing in preparing this paper the author uses descriptive method that is explained or described on the credentials in the professional nursing literature studies and articles that we get from the internet. E. Systematics Writing The systematics of this paper consists of 4 BAB, namely: CHAPTER I: Introduction, Background, scope, goal writing, methods Systematics of writing and writing CHAPTER II: Review of basic theoretical concepts containing credentials, implementation Process credentials and standards of nursing practice CHAPTER III: cover that contains conclusions and suggestions

Bibliography CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW A. Basic Concepts Process Credentials 1. Definition Credentialing derived from the English language, which means the mandate. While the Indonesian credentialing also called credentials. Credentials is a process to determine and maintain nursing competence. Credential process is one way to maintain the standard of practice of the profession of nursing educational preparation and accountability of its members (Priharjo, 1995) Credentials is one way of maintaining standards of professional nursing practice and accountability of its members educational preparation (Kozier, Erb, 2004) As an illustration, in the Oxford and United Health Care, the credentials supplied with several criteria, among others: ( http://www.ehow.com , 10 november 2010) a. Generally have a legal permission from the government b. Generally have a DEA or the like c. Nursing Education graduate and certificate nursing mempunyi d. Have permission from the hospital authorities e. Have malpractice insurance f. Has a collaborative agreement with other specialists g. Mempunyi practice protocol h. Mempunyi experience 2. Objective credentials

According to the Association of legislation Sector Health Workers (2005) the purpose of the credentials are as follows: 1. Maintain and improve the quality of nursing care 2. Protect the public on nursing actions performed 3. Establish standards of nursing care 4. Should assess whether nursing practice 5. Assessing errors and omissions 6. Protect the public and nurses 7. Determine and maintain the competency of nursing 8. Restrict the granting of authority to implement nursing practice just for the competent 9. Convince the public that the practice has the necessary competence. 3. Types of Credentials To ensure the quality of one's practice service standards so that both practitioners or consumer-mempunyi guarantee legally accountable by the agency or organization. Then elaborated on the following types of credentials process include: a. License License is a license to practice nursing. License to practice nursing in need by the profession in order to improve and ensure the professional members. For the community nursing license pratek a protective device for them to get the services of professional nurses truly capable of and got a nursing service with high quality. The absence of license nursing practice nursing positions are put in a difficult position to menemtukan nursing quality. For every profession get permission to practice for its members meet three criteria (Kozier, 1990): 1. There is a need to protect the safety and welfare of the community 2. Work is clearly a separate work area and a separate

3. There is an organization which is carrying out the responsibility of the licensing process. b. Registration Registration is informasilain inclusion in the person's name on the official body either government-owned or not (Priharjo, 1995) Registered nurses who have been allowed to use the title registered nurse fatherly. Fatherly must be registered nurses nursing education and pass an exam from the registration agency with the value received. License and registration must be renewed every one or two years. Registered nurse shall mean a nurse who practice professional nursing by: 1. Assessing the health status of individuals and groups 2. Uphold the nursing diagnosis 3. Setting goals to meet health care 4. Formulate a strategy for implementing nursing interventions nursing 5. Member nursing interventions carried authority of others and does not conflict with the law 6. Maintaining a safe and effective treatment either directly or indirectly 7. To evaluate the response to intervention 8. Teach the theory and practice of nursing 9. Managing nursing practice 10. Collaboration with other health care team in managing health care. c. Certification Certification is a validation process that a nurse has met the minimum standards of competence in the practice of a particular area of specialization, such as maternal and child health, pediatric, mental, gerontology, health and school (priharjo, 1995)

Certification is the process of certifying body recognized by the professional competence of personnel after menjlankan eligible for certain health profession in accordance with the field work. d. Accreditation Accreditation is a process of measurement and granting accreditation status to institutions, programs or services performed by a particular organization or government entity (priharjo, 1995) Accreditation status of an institution is a reflection of the performance of the institution in question and describes the quality, efficiency, and relevance of the programs organized. The things that are measured in the accreditation covers the structure, process and outcome criteria. B. Implementation Process Credentials Development of nursing credentials are quite varied in each country. The following description of the credentials in the world and Indonesia: 1. License a. Overseas especially the United States In the USA for example, permission given to nursing practice professional nursing began in 1903 precisely in the state of North Carolina. In 1923 all states had been admitted to practice for nurses. To get a license then a graduate of a professional nursing education must register with the board of nursing in each province to take the exam. The Council on American named State Board of Nursing, or the Board of Registered Nursing, or the Board of Nurse Examinors. Exam fees are quite varied between U.S. $ 25-100. For those nurses who have completed a nursing education specialization (Masters Degree) then they are allowed to take the test to get a permit advanced practice nursing. Exams are held in accordance with specialized eg specialist nurse anesthesia, obstetrics nurse specialist, clinical nurse specialists, pediatric nurse, specialist nurse family health, school health nurse specialist, nurse specialist and soul. After passing the exam to them given the designation of professionalism appropriate specialization taken (Perry Potter, 2006) b. Indonesia

We know that in Indonesia there are different levels of nursing education to the standard or quality of education between institutions that are not the same. In simple terms it can be stated that a person who has graduated from nursing education is not enough to master competency as a nurse. This situation makes enough nursing leaders concerned. Parties do not know whether the patient education nurse or even exacerbated by the quality of nursing provided by the nurse who prepared unsteady (Sumijatun, 2010) The stages made by Practice Permit No. SK Menkes. 647 of 2000: 1) Nurse Permit (SIP) Is written evidence of authority to carry out administration work in all parts of Indonesia. SIP is given to newly graduated nurses, nurses who are already working and nurse who are undergoing formal education. Valid for 5 years and extended 6 months before its expiry date. Nurse's License issued by the provincial health bureau. 2) Work Permit (SIK) Is written evidence given to the nurse to practice nursing. Work Permit is given to all the nurses who will perform nursing practice no later than 1 month after the nurse received for work or who have worked at least 2 years. 3) Permit Practice Nurses (SIPP) Ie written evidence given to nurses to perform nursing practice individual or group. Given to nurses who have at least D-III school of nursing and have a working experience of 3 years. SIPP renewed 6 months before its expiry date. SIPP force SIK and SIP berkaku all time. Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number: HK.02.02/MENKES/148/1/2010 of Registration and Practice Nurses in Chapter II of the permit: (sumijatun, 2010) Article 2 a. Practice nurses can run on the model of health care facility providing nursing services in hospital b.Fasilitas health services referred to in paragraph 1 shall include health care facilities outside independent practice

c. Nurse who runs an independent practice as referred to in paragraph 2 have minimum education Diploma III (D III) Keperaatan Article 3 a. each perewat required to have practiced in SIPP b. SIPP has excluded liability for nurses who run practices in health care facilities outside independent practice Article 4 a. SIPP as referred to in article 3, paragraph 1 issued by the District / City b. SIPP is valid for STR is still valid Article 5 a. To obtain a SIPP as referred to in Article 4 nurses must apply to the Local Government District / City by attaching b. Copy of current STR and legalized c. Physical health certificate from a licensed physician practice d. Waiver has four practice e. Recent colored passport photo size 4x6 seanyak 3 pieces f. Recommendations from professional organizations g. SIPP obtain a letter of application referred to in paragraph 1 sebagaiman listed as a 1 form attached h. SIPP as described in yat 1 only given to one place of practice i. SIPP sebagiman referred to in paragraph 3 sebagiman II listed in the attached form Article 6

In running independent practice nurses shall install signage nursing practice Article 7 SIPP declared invalid because: a. practice places no longer in accordance with SIPP b. validity period expired and was not renewed c. revoked by a court order d. died concerned 2. Registration State a.Luar particularly Australia There are two levels of nurses in Australia: Registered Nurse (RN) and Enrolled Nurses (ENS). Registered Nurse is a nurse who has a degree in education courses S1. Enrolled Nurses are nurses who have been through education diploma. In Australia there are six states and two regions. Each state has a regulatory agency nurses who take care of the registration of nurses. Each nurse must be registered or enrolled them in the state or territory in which they intend to practice nursing in the State or area desired. There is a mutual legal recognition in Australia who gives permission to cross state boundaries in Australia. Therefore, a registered nurse in the state can apply for registration in another state under a mutual legal recognition (Priharjo, 1995) b. Indonesia The transition of nursing professionals in Indonesia, licensing systems and registration practices soon realized it was time for all good nurses for graduate school Health Nurse (SPK), colleges, nursing degree and master's nursing program with the scope of practice in accordance with their respective competences. For those nurses who have completed various educational institutions must immediately register themselves, in order to continue the practice of nursing. In Article 27 of Law No. 23 of 1992, included: (priharjo, 1995)

1. Every nurse who will perform nursing practice in Indonesia must have a Certificate of Registration Nurse (STRP). Registration nurses done in two (2) categories: Vocational LPN to nurse.

RN for nursing professionals. 2. Register early to make nurses must meet the following requirements: Have a nurse diploma and Diploma III for LPN SPK b) Having a diploma nurses or nurses or nurses Specialist I Specialist II for RN. Affidavit has been sworn promise nurse. Have a clean bill of health, physical, and mental. Pass the competency test. Making statements will comply with and implement a code of ethics nursing profession Recommendations from professional organizations. 3. Certification a. Overseas Especially in Canada In Canada, the nurse does not work through the licensing process except in the province of Quebec. However, they are recorded or registered by the union of nurses in each province and by the College of Nurse of Ontario. In terms of certification, the CNA Testing Service (CNATS) gave a test to assess the ability of candidates in each province. Possibility nurses can practice in the region or outside the province where they take the certificate, it depends on the agreement or the States and provinces involved (Priharjo, 1995)

b. Indonesia In Indonesia, the approval process is carried out by the National Agency for Profession (BNSP) / Professional Certification (LSP) to provide that a person meets the requirements specified competencies, including solicitation, evaluation, certification decisions, surveillance and recertification and the use of certificates. The collection and the resources to carry out the certification process in accordance with the certification scheme, to issue a certificate of competency, including maintenance. Endorsements do if a nurse has met the competency requirements set by the government (Priharjo, 195) 4. Accreditation a. In particular, the U.S. Overseas To obtain accreditation or pengakuat care program must meet certain criteria set by the National League For Nursing (NLN). Accreditation is available for basic nursing education program and the master's program (National Comisson on Nursing 1983) b. Indonesia Nursing education at a certain time an assessment / measurement for D III nursing education and nursing school while dikoordinator by Diknakes Center for Higher Education S1 by. Measurements performed with a hospital akrteditasi hospital system to date continue to be developed. In Indonesia and the formal recognition of license granting institutions of professional certification through the process of accreditation by BNSP stating that the LSP has met the requirements for professional certification activities or activities professional competence test (potter perry, 2006) C. Standards of Nursing Practice Standards of nursing practice is one of the tools needed by every nurse. Pratik standard nursing mengidenfikasikan minimal expectations for the professional nurse in providing nursing safe, effective and ethical (Priharjo, 1995) With the cult of nursing standards, the nursing profession can mewujutkan responsibility or his determination to protect the public. Pratik standard nursing aid and demanded the nurses in

providing nursing care duties. The standard model of nursing practice in each country is quite varied. In general, components that can be included in the standards of nursing practice is (College of Nurses of Ontario, 1990): 1. Statements about nursing knowledge that must be understood and analyzed by professional nurses as basic nursing concepts, the role of nurses, gubungan interpersonal, nursing process, principles of intervention and issues prevalent health. 2. Maupaun independent professional accountability both interdependent. 3. Nursing process step by step. Pratik standard of nursing in Indonesia has been issued by the Ministry of Health the first time in 1987. Standard practice has been updated again and ratified by Decree No. Dirjenyanmed. YM.00 03.2.6.7637 on August 18, 1993. Then in 1996, the Central Board PPNI nursing profession has developed standards based SK.No.03/DPP/SK/I/1996 consisting of: 1. Standards of nursing care 2. Standards of nursing practice 3. Standards of nursing education 4. Continuing education standards

By SK. DPP PPNI No.03/DPP/SK/I/1996 nursing practice standards are as follows: (Sumijatun, 2010) Standard 1: Collection of data on the health status of a client or patient do systematic and continuous manner.

Standard 2: The nursing diagnosis is formulated based on the data status health. Standard 3: Plan nursing care include: purpose made by nursing diagnoses Standard 4: The nursing care plan includes: pririoritas and approaches Nursing actions in order to achieve set goals prepared based on the nursing diagnosis Standard 5: The act of nursing provides an opportunity for clients or patients to participate in the improvement, maintenance of and recovery health. Standard 6: The act or nursing help clients optimize patient ability to live a healthy life. Standard 7: Presence or absence of progress in achieving the goals set by the client or patients and caregivers Standard 8: Presence or absence of progress in achieving the goals provide direction for conduct the review, setting back the order of priority, new goal setting, and improved nursing care plan.

At this time facing nursing theories and new technologies that are designed to help health care and the handling of public health issues. Efforts to continue to adjust to the new development is exciting and challenging. This effort not only involves revamping the quality of

nursing practice but also revamping the legal aspects of protecting nurses as health professionals who provide care and the people who receive health services (Sumijatun, 2010) CHAPTER III CLOSING A. Conclusion Process is a process of recognition of professional credentials given to induvidu or organization deemed to have authority or competent in performing an action or policy. With the credentials of the process induvidu, institution, or an organization will be recognized with the recognition of its existence and LSP BNSP. Nursing in Indonesia is still in development but the government and the process is always seeking PPNI credentials, although credentials process in Indonesia still looks modest when compared with developed countries such as Canada and the United States, the credentials will still be held to form a qualified nurse credentials by identifying process in the United States and other developed countries. Nursing while abroad it is more advanced in the process credentials. Because sepenuhna supported by the government and nursing organizations that exist in that country, one of them in the United States there are organizations that play a role in the nursing profession sets standards of nursing practice called ANA (American Nurses Association) Perbedaab any credentials process undertaken between overseas and in Indonesia is due to the implementation of the credential process is still poorly supported and progress is still slow in Indonesia and other countries are still trying to process the credentials are applied even particularly from organizations ANA has issued reference books on nursing. B. Suggestion Based on the above conclusions the group tried to make a suggestion that could be used as consideration in developing the science relating to the material credentials. 1. For Nurses: Should be able to run standard nursing practice is responsible for providing nursing care, as well as to maintain the standards of nursing practice by carrying out the process of

credentials that include License, Registration, Certification in order pofesi Indonesian nurses can nurse the world recognized organization. 2. For the Government: Should be able to increase the credentials of nursing practice in Indonesia, which until now has not been perfect. 3. For Nurses Professional Organization: To be able to work together well to achieve a competent standard of nursing practice, could also help the government enacted the Nursing Practice Act. 4. For Health Institutions: In order for the program or service performed by a particular institution can be reflected by both the performance of the institution in question and describes the quality, efficiency, and relevance of the accreditation status of an institution. 5. Society: To provide support for the bill nursing practice, so that the legalization bill nursing practice health care community can feel well. REFERENCES Kozier, Erb. , 2005. Fundamental Nursing IV. Jakarta: EGC Book Medical Publishers. Potter, Perry. , 2006. Fundamental Nursing I: interpretation, translation, Yasmin Asih ... (et al); editor of the Indonesian edition, Yulianti Devi, Monica Ester.___Ed 4.___ Jakarta: EGC Book Medical Publishers. Priharjo Robert. , 1995. Professional Nursing Practice. Jakarta: EGC Book Medical Publishers. Sumijatun. 2010. Basic Concepts Into Professional Nursing. Jakarta: Trans Media Info " " ". 2010. Definitin of Credentialing.available at.www.ehow.com (updated on 10 nov 2010) Kozier B, Erb G, Berman A,. & Snyder SJ 2004. Fundamentals of Nursing Concepts, Process and Practice. 7 th Ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education Lin. Guido, GW 2006. Legal & Ethical Issues in Nursing. 4 th Edition. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.