The Five Pillars of Islam

This is the Muslim declaration of belief in the oneness of God and acceptance of Muhammad as his prophet.

The Second Pillar Salah (Prayers) In Islam, prayers are performed five times each day. These times are dawn, immediately after noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and night. Ablution is required before prayer, as are clean clothes and location, and the removal of shoes. When Muslims pray, it's believed that individuals hold a direct connection to God without any earthly intermediaries. Prayers can be made in any clean environment, alone or together, at home or in a mosque. These prayers serve as a reminder throughout the course of a day to help keep believers mindful of God in the daily stress of work and other distractions. As they prepare to pray, all Muslims face in the direction of Mecca, the most sacred city in the Islamic world.

The Fifth Pillar Hajj (Pilgrimage)

What do Muslims believe ?

Muslims have 6 main beliefs : Belief in Allah as the one and only God. Belief in angels. Belief in the holy books. Belief in the Prophets (special messengers) e.g. Adam, Ibrahim (Abraham), Musa (Moses), Dawud (David), Isa (Jesus).Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the final prophet. Belief in the Day of Judgment... Belief in Predestination. That Allah has already decided what will happen.

The Return of Islam

WHEN DID IT RETURN?
With the Hijra, The migration of the Prophet Mohammed from Mecca to Medina in 622. This date marks the beginning of Islam and the Muslim era.

Hijrah
The Hijrah refers to the Prophet's migration from Mecca to Medina. This journey took place in the twelfth year of his mission (622 C.E.). This is the beginning of the Muslim calendar. By Islamic law the word hijrah usually refers to leaving a place to seek sanctuary or freedom from persecution or freedom of religion or any other purpose. Hijrah can also mean to leave a bad way of life for a good or more righteous way.
September 24, 622 This migration, called Hijra in Arabic, started on September 24, 622. This marks the beginning of Islam, and the Muslim calendar starts with this date

Islamic Calendar
1. Muarram " ,forbidden" so called because it was unlawful (haram) to fight during this month.Muharram is the second most sacred Muslim month and includes the Day of Ashura. 2. afar " ,void" supposedly named because pagan Arabs looted during this month and left the houses empty. 3. Rab I (Rab al-Awwal) " , the first spring". 4. Rab II (Rab ath-Thn or Rab al-khir) or " , the second (or last) spring". 5. Jumd I (Jumd al-l) , the first month of parched land". Often considered the pre-Islamic "summer". 6. Jumd II (Jumd ath-Thniya or Jumd al-khira) or " , the second (or last) month of parched land". 7. Rajab " ,respect" or "honor". This is another sacred month in which fighting was traditionally forbidden. 8. Shabn " ,scattered", marking the time of year when Arab tribes dispersed to find water. 9. Raman " ,scorched". Ramadan is the most venerated month of the Hijri calendar during which Muslims must fast between dawn and sunset. 10. Shawwl " , raised", as she-camels begin to raise their tails during this time of the year, after giving birth. 11. Dh al-Qada " , the one of truce". Dhu al-Qa'da was another month during which war was banned. 12. Dh al-ijja " , the one of pilgrimage", referring to the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, the Hajj

After Muhammads revelations he began to preach with great zeal. This was still in the area of his home town, Mecca. Some 100 or so followers joined Muhammad, however, there was also great opposition to him. Unable to make any progress in Mecca, Muhammad decided to move to Yathrib, a city some 450 kilometers or 280 miles north of Mecca. The city was later named Medina meaning, city of the Prophet.

 Muharram: )It is the first month of the Islamic calendar. Instead of joyous celebration, Muslims mark the beginning of the New Year by taking up the black attire of sorrow and participate in mourning gatherings in which the sacrifices of Husain and his companions are commemorated. It is one of the four months of the year in which fighting is prohibited. Muharram is so called because it was unlawful to fight during this month; the word is derived from the word haram meaning forbidden. It is held to be the most sacred of all the months, excluding Ramadan.

The Day of Aashora (10th Muharram)

Although the month of Muharram is a sacred month as a whole, the 10th of Muharram is the most sacred among all its days. The day is named Ashurah'. It is one of the most important and blessed days of Allah in the Islamic calendar. According to the Holy companion, Ibn Abbas (R.A) , when the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) migrated to Medina, he found that the Jews of Medina used to fast on the 10th day of Muharram. They said that it was the day on which the Holy Prophet Musa (A.S) and his followers crossed the Red Sea miraculously, and the Pharaoh was drowned in its water. On hearing this from the Jews, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu (A.S) said, We are more closely related to Musa than you. So the Prophet )P.B.U.H) directed the Muslims to fast on the day of Ashura. (Abu Dawood)

1) Should greatly respect Parents and follow their orders (within Islamic Law). 2) Should greatly respect Islamic Teachers and Scholars. 3) Should greatly respect Quran. It's HARAM to touch Quran without Wazoo. Should respect Islamic Books and Literature too. 4) Should greatly respect the direction of Qibla. It's prohibited to extend ones feet towards Qibla and to sleep while feet are extended towards Qibla. 5) Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him) should be respected and loved more than anyone in the world. Whenever hear his lovely name always say Dorood, at least say Sallal Laho Alaihe Wasalam.

6) Azan should be heard with great concentration and should be answered (repeating the words after every sentence). It is prohibited to talk during Azan. 7) Should be quite when performing Wazoo should not talk to others. Should recite Dua or Dorood during Wazoo. 8) Should eat only Halal and Clean food. Should never ever eat Haram food. 9) Should recite Quran everyday. 10) Must pray five times a day, on time.

Spread of Islam

The Islamic Caliphate

After the death of Muhammad, caliphs (leaders) controlled the Muslim world. Most famous caliphates: the Umayyad dynasty and the Abbasid dynasty. Umayyad capital city: Damascus (in Syria). Abbasid capital: Baghdad (in Iraq).

The Muslim World

The principal Islamic architectural types are: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort

Turkey

Selimiye Mosque Dome.

Spain

Mosque of Cordoba

Lahore

Badshahi Mosque

Morocco

Palestine

MAJOR FESTIVALS
EID-UL-FITR Eid al-Fitr (Arabic: festival of breaking of the fast"), also called Feast of Breaking the Fast, the Sugar Feast, the Sweet Festival and the Lesser Eid, is an important religious holiday celebrated by Muslims worldwide that marks the end of Ramadan, the Islamic holy month of fasting (sawm). The religious Eid is a single day and Muslims are not permitted to fast that day. The holiday celebrates the conclusion of the 29 or 30 days of dawn-tosunset fasting during the entire month of Ramadan. The day of Eid, therefore, falls on the first day of the month of Shawwal. This is a day where Muslims around the world try to show a common goal of unity.

EID-UL-ADHA Eid al-Adha Arabic: " festival of sacrifice", also called Feast of the Sacrifice, the Major Festival, the Greater Eid, Kurban Bayram and Bakreid,is an important religious holiday celebrated by Muslims worldwide to honour the willingness of the prophet Ibrhm (Abraham) to sacrifice his young first-born son Ism'l (Ishmael)a as an act of submission to God's command and his son's acceptance to being sacrificed, before God intervened to provide Abraham with a ram to sacrifice instead. In the lunar Islamic calendar, Eid al-Adha falls on the 10th day of Dhu al-Hijjah and lasts for four days.

Made By: Aqueel Ahmed, Ahmed Moaty, Ali Ahmed, Hussam, Noor Belal, Diyala Belal, Muhammad Emaaz, Alaa, Merna, Yassin, Hatem And Usman.

Compiled and Edited Version