FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT SOIL MECHANICS LABORATORY

SUBJECT CODE TEST TITLE COURSE CODE TESTING DATE STUDENT NAME GROUP 1. 2. 3. GROUP MEMBER NAMES 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. LECTURER/ INSTRUCTOR/ TUTOR NAME REPORT RECEIVED DATE MARKS ATTENDANCE/ DISCIPLINE & INVOLVEMENT DATA ANAL!SIS RESULT DISCUSSION CONCLUSION TOTAL E#AMINER COMMENT /15 /2" /2" /25 /2" /1"" RECEIVED STAMP

FACULTY: $ACULT! O$ TEC%NOLOG! MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TEST TITLE : DR! SIEVE ANAL!SIS

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1." OBJECTIVE The sieve analysis e!e"#ines !he $"ain si%e is!"i&'!i(n )'"ve (* s(il sa#+le &y +assin$ !he# !h"('$h a s!a), (* sieves (* e)"easin$ #esh (+enin$ si%es an &y #eas'"in$ !he -ei$h! "e!aine (n ea)h sieve. The sieve analysis is $ene"ally a++lie !( !he s(il *"a)!i(n la"$e" !han ./0#. 2." LEARNING OUTCOME A! !he en (* !his e1+e"i#en!2 s!' en!s a"e a&le !(: 3.4 Un e"s!an !he #e!h( s 'se !( e!e"#ine !he si%e (* s(il +a"!i)les in !he la&("a!("y5 3.3 Ca""y ('! !he )al)'la!i(n +"()esses 'se in +a"!i)le si%e e!e"#ina!i(n5 3.6 Un e"s!an !he #e!h( s 'se !( e!e"#ine !he )(nsis!en)y +"(+e"!ies (* *ine $"aine s(ils in !he la&("a!("y5 3.7 Ca""y ('! !he )al)'la!i(n an +l(!!in$ +"()esses 'se in )(nsis!en)y li#i! #e!h( s (* )lassi*i)a!i(n5 3./ A++"e)ia!e !he -ay in -hi)h +a"!i)le si%e an )(nsis!en)y +"(+e"!ies a"e 'se !( )lassi*y an +"e i)! !he +"(&a&le &ehavi(" (* s(ils an als( !( in i)a!e !he !y+e (* !es!s nee e !( assess !hei" en$inee"in$ )ha"a)!e"is!i)s. 3." T%EOR! 89S46.. : Pa"! 3:4::;::.6<2 Sievin$ )an &e +e"*("#e in ei!he" -e! (" "y )(n i!i(ns. D"y sievin$ is 'se (nly *(" s(il -i!h a ne$li$i&le a#('n! (* +las!i) *ines s')h as $"avels an )lean san s2 -he"e as -e! sievin$ is a++lie !( s(ils -i!h +las!i) *ines. A))(" in$ !( !he 9"i!ish S!an a" 2 "y sievin$ #ay &e )a""ie ('! (nly (n #a!e"ials *(" -hi)h !his +"()e '"e $ives !he sa#e "es'l!s as !he -e!=sievin$ +"()e '"e. This #eans !ha! i! is a++li)a&le (nly !( )lean $"an'la" #a!e"ials2 -hi)h 's'ally i#+lies )lean san y (" $"avelly s(ils !ha! is2 s(ils )(n!ainin$ ne$li$i&le a#('n!s (* +a"!i)les (* sil! (" )lay si%e. N("#ally !he -e!=sievin$ +"()e '"e sh('l &e *(ll(-e *(" all s(ils. I* +a"!i)les (* #e i'# $"avel si%e (" la"$e" a"e +"esen! in si$ni*i)an! a#('n!s2 !he ini!ial si%e (* !he sa#+le "e>'i"e #ay &e s')h !ha! "i**lin$ is ne)essa"y a! s(#e s!a$e !( "e ')e !he sa#+le !( a #ana$ea&le si%e *(" *ine sievin$.

FACULTY: $ACULT! O$ TEC%NOLOG! MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT CONSTRUCTIONMANAGEMENT TEST TITLE : DR! SIEVE ANAL!SIS

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9S 46..: 4::;2 all(-s ei!he" -e! (" "y sievin$ !( &e 'se 2 &'! !he -e! #e!h( is +"e*e""e . A*!e" (ven "yin$2 !he !es! sa#+le #ass is e!e"#ine &e*("e &ein$ se+a"a!e in!( !-( +a"!s2 !he *i"s! )(#+"ises !ha! "e!aine (n a 3; ## sieve an !he se)(n !ha! +assin$ 3; ##. Tha! $"ea!e" !han 3; ## is "y sieves2 -hile !ha! s#alle" is -e! sieve +"i(" !( &ein$ "e=sieve "y. The sieves 'se a"e $ene"ally )h(sen *"(# !he "an$e 8in ##< (* ./2 ?62 /;2 6../2 3@2 3;2 472 4;2 ?6./2 6.6/2 32 4.4@2 ;.?2 ;.73/2 ;.62 ;.3432 ;.4/ an ;.;?6. The #ass "e!aine (n ea)h sieve is "e)(" e 2 *"(# -hi)h !he +e")en!a$e (* !he sa#+le +assin$ ea)h sieve )an &e )al)'la!e . Ma!e"ial +assin$ !he ?6 #i)"(n 8;.;?6 ##< sieve is "e!aine *(" a *ine +a"!i)le analysis2 i* !he a#('n! A's!i*ies !he *'"!he" !es!. The )(#&ine "es'l!s (* !he )(a"se an *ine analyses a"e +l(!!e (n a se#i=l($a"i!h#i) $"a+h (* !he *("# sh(- in Fi$'"e 4.;2 !( $ive !he +a"!i)le si%e is!"i&'!i(n )'"ve.

$'()*+ 1 , Particle

size gra i!g c"r#es $% s$&e t'(ical s$il

FACULTY: $ACULT! O$ TEC%NOLOG! MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TEST TITLE : DR! SIEVE ANAL!SIS

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4." TEST E-UIPMENTS 4. Se"ies (* s!an a" sieves -i!h (+enin$ "an$in$ *"(# ../)# !( ./ # in)l' in$ a )(ve" +la!e an &(!!(# +an. 3. Tes! sieve havin$ !he *(ll(-in$ a+e"!'"e si%e 4;##2 ?##2 4##2 ;.?##2 ;.6##2 ;.4/##2 ;.;?6 ##. 6. Me)hani)al sieve sha,e" 7. 9alan)es sensi!ive ;./$ /. S(*! -i"e &"'sh

Fi$'"e 3 : Ty+i)al s!a), (* sieve *(" $"ain si%e analysis 5." PROCEDURES 4. Oven "y !he sa#+le2 all(- i! !( )((l an #eas'"e i!s -ei$h!. 3.Sele)! a s!a), (* sieves s'i!a&le !( !he s(il &ein$ !es!e . A s!a), (* si1 (" seven sieves is $ene"ally s'**i)ien! *(" #(s! s(il an a++li)a!i(ns. The !(+ sieves s(il sh('l have an (+enin$ sli$h!ly la"$e" !han !he la"$es! +a"!i)les. A""an$e !he s!a), (* sieves s( !ha! !he la"$es! #esh (+enin$ is a! !he !(+ an !he s#alles! is a! !he &(!!(#. 6.A!!a)h a +an a! !he &(!!(# (* !he sieve s!a),. P('" !he sa#+le (n !he !(+ sieve. A !he )(ve" +la!e !( av(i 's! an l(ss (* +a"!i)les -hile sha,in$.

Fi$'"e 6: The s(il sa#+le is +('"e (n !he s!a), (* sieves

FACULTY: $ACULT! O$ TEC%NOLOG! MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TEST TITLE : DR! SIEVE ANAL!SIS

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7.Pla)e !he s!a), (* sieves in !he #e)hani)al sha,e" an sha,e *(" a&('! 4; #in (" 'n!il a i!i(nal sha,in$ (es n(! +"( ')e a++"e)ia&le )han$es in !he a#('n!s (* #a!e"ial "e!aine in ea)h sieve. /.Re#(ve !he s!a), (* sieves *"(# !he sha,e". 9e$innin$ -i!h !he !(+ sieve2 !"ans*e" i!s )(n!en!s !( a +ie)e (* !he +a+e" (" a la"$e" "e)i+ien!. Ca"e*'lly e#+!y !he sieve -i!h('! l(sin$ any #a!e"ial2 an 'se a &"'sh !( "e#(ve $"ains s!'), in i!s #esh (+enin$. Meas'"e !he -ei$h! (* s(il "e!aine in ea)h sieve an n(!es !he )(""es+(n in$ sieve #esh (+enin$ an n'#&e".

Fi$'"e 7: The s(il +a"!i)les s!'), in !he #esh (+enin$ (* !he sieves a"e "e#(ve -i!h a &"'sh ?.Re+ea! s!e+ / *(" ea)h sieve. As a +"eli#ina"y )he),2 !he -ei$h!s "e!aine (n all !he sieves an !he &(!!(# +an a"e a e 2 an !hei" s'# is )(#+a"e !( !he ini!ial sa#+le -ei$h!. 9(!h -ei$h!s sh('l &e -i!hin a&('! 4B i* !he i**e"en)e is $"ea!e" !han 4B !(( #')h #a!e"ial -as l(s! an -ei$hin$ an (" sieves sh('l &e "e+ea!e .

FACULTY: $ACULT! O$ TEC%NOLOG! MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT O$ CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TEST TITLE : DR! SIEVE ANAL!SIS

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6." SAMPLE CALCULATIONS

Data : Total mass of dry sample = 115.5g Sieve BS (mm) 5.$$ %.$$ 1.1&$ $.'$$ $.(%5 $.)$$ $.%1% $.15$ $.') Pan Mass Retained (g) $.$ $.$ 5.5 %5.* %).1 %%.$ 1*.) 1%.* '.+ %.) Mass Passing (g) $.$ 115.5 11$.$ &(.) '1.% )+.% %1.+ +.% %.) finer !y "eig#t 1$$ 1$$ +5 *) 5) )( 1+ & %

Total mass = 115.5 g ,ost = $ -rom t#e data. plot a grap# parti/le si0e vers1s per/entage passing. GRAIN SI.E DISTRIBUTION
43; 4;; PASSING @; ?; 7; 3; ; ;.;4 ;.4 GRAIN SI.E 4 4;

FACULTY: $ACULT! O$ TEC%NOLOG! MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT O$ CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TEST TITLE : DR! SIEVE ANAL!SIS

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7." DATA S%EET, L()a!i(n : S(il es)"i+!i(n: Sa#+le !y+e : O+e"a!(" : Sieve n(. si%e 8##< /.;; 3.;; 4.4@; ;.?;; ;.73/ ;.6;; ;.343 ;.4/; ;.?6 T(!al Mass Re!aine 8$< Mass Passin$ 8$< L(). N(. : Sa#+le N(. De+!h (* Sa#+le : Da!e S!a"!e : C'##'la!ive Pe")en!a$e +assin$ 8B<

Passing

= 1$$ 2 3

Retained. gram

Mass of dry sample = Plot parti/les si0e distri!1tion /#art.

Cu = d '$ d 1$
%

= 444444444444 .

Cc =

d )$ CDDDDDDDDDDD. d '$ d1$

Ta)"ra! Saiz *ara+ 1$$ +$ &$ Pe!."&la+a! /"&"lati% ,0*$ '$ 5$ ($ )$ %$ 1$ $ $.$$1

$.$1

$.1 Saiz *ara+ ,&&-

1$

1$$

FACULTY: $ACULT! O$ TEC%NOLOG! MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT O$ CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TEST TITLE : DR! SIEVE ANAL!SIS

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8." -UESTIONS : 4. Wha! is !he +'"+(se (* $"ain si%e analysisE 3. Un e" -ha! )(n i!i(ns sh('l y(' 'se -e! sievin$ ins!ea (* "y sievin$E 6. Wha! is !he s#alles! an la"$es! #esh (+enin$s 'se in +"a)!i)e *(" e!e"#inin$ $"ain si%e is!"i&'!i(nE 7. Is i! +(ssi&le !( )a""y ('! a sieve analysis (n a sa#+le (* )layE /. Classi*y !he !y+e (* s(il !ha! y(' 'se in !he la&("a!("y a))(" in$ !( 9S /:6;. &." SOIL CLASSI$ICATION S!STEM /BS 5&3"0