A reinforced concrete beam has a width of 300mm and an effective depth of 450mm.

The beam is reinforced with 6-32mm bars at the bottom and 2-28mm bars at the top located 65mm from the ma im!m compression fiber. fc" # 34.5 $%a& '( # 345$%a. Ass!me that the contrib!tion of the compression steel ma( not be ne)lected and that compression steel (ields.

*+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the balanced steel ratio. 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the depth of the compression bloc-. 3+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the nominal moment capacit( of the beam.

.ol!tion/

A composite beam is made !p of a wide flan)e with two cover plates of 320mm *2mm placed at the top and at the bottom. The beam has a simple span of 6m. and carries a total load of 360 -01m. Allowable bendin) stress 'b # *50 $%a Allowable shear stress 'v # *00 $%a Allowable deflection 2 # 31360 %rop. of the wide flan)e section. A # 0.02 m2 tw # 0.0*8 m. d # 0.56 m. 5 # 200&000 $%a. *+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the section mod!l!s of the section. 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the deflection of the beam. 3+ 4s the beam a. Ade6!ate b. 4n ade6!ate for fle !re and shear c. 4n ade6!ate for fle !re and deflection d. 4n ade6!ate for fle !re& shear and deflection. 4 #0.00*568 m4.

.ol!tion/

A 570mm

570mm reinforced concrete col!mn with section shown is s!b8ected

to a service a ial dead load of 450-0. 3ive load of 500-0& dead load moment of *35 -01m and live load moment of *50 -01m. fc" # 2*$pa and f( # 4*5$pa

*+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the e6!ivalent eccentricit( of the load on the col!mn. 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the minim!m area of steel reinforcement. 3+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the minim!m si9e of steel bars.

.ol!tion/

A rectan)!lar reinforce concrete beam has a width of 250mm& a total depth of 600mm& and an effective depth of 500mm. 4t is reinforced with 3-25mm. 'c" # 28$%a and f( # 4*5$%a. The beam is carr(in) a slab *50mm thic-& 5m. wide. The beam has a span of 6m. 4f the !nit wei)ht of concrete is 24-01m 3.

*+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the !nfactored dead load actin) on the beam: 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the !ltimate moment capacit( of the beam: 3+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the !nfactored live load that the beam co!ld s!pport:

.ol!tion/

The base of the footin) is *.8m. below the )ro!nd s!rface. 4t has a s!rchar)e of 4.8-%a on the )ro!nd s!rface. The thic-ness of the footin) is *.2m. Allowable bearin) press!re of the soil is 280-%a. ,ei)ht of concrete is 24-01m3 and soil is *8-01m3. *+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the effective bearin) press!re of soil. 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the distance of the res!ltant force from the e treme face of the col!mn in order to have a !niform distrib!tion of press!re. 3+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the dimension of the footin).

.ol!tion/

A simpl( s!pported steel beam carries a !niform concrete slab 200mm thic-. 4t carries a ceilin) load of 500 %a and live load press!re e6!al to 2000%a. The len)th of the beam is 6meters and is spaced at 2m. on centers. ;nit wei)ht of concrete is 24-01m2. Allowable bendin) stress for steel beam is 0.66'(. $od!l!s of elasticit( is 200<%a. '( # 248$%a.

*+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the !niform load press!re carried b( the beam: 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the load carried b( the beam in -01m: 3+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the most economical section: .ection $oment of 4nertia 0.0000847 m4 =epth

, *2 26 , *2 *7 , *2 *4

0.3*0 m.

0.000054* m4

0.307 m.

0.0000367 m4

0.302 m.

.ol!tion/

Problem
A strip of 640 m2 is sold from a triangular field whose sides are 96 m, 72 m, and 80 m. The strip is of uniform width h and has one of its sides parallel to the longest side of the field. Find the width of the strip. A. 7.1 m . 8.1 m !. 8.7 m ". 7.7 m

Solution
From #A ! $ % &osine law'(

802=722+9622(72)(96)cos =54 64

722=802+9622(80)(96)cos =47 22

tan =ch c=htan54 64 c=0 7096h

tan =ch c=htan47 22 c=0 9254h

a=bcd a=960 7096h0 9254h a=961 635h

AABED=21(a+b)h 640=21[(961 635h)+96]h 1280=192h1 635h2 1 635h2192h+1280=0 h=110 34 and 7 09

A closed traverse A>?= has the followin) data/ 3ine A> >? ?= =A 3en)th *22.00 *47.00 24*.00 *57.00 >earin) 0 30@ 5 0 60@ 5 . *0@ 5 0 A0@ ,

*. =etermine the corrected bearin) of side >? !sin) compass r!le. A. 0 57@ **"5 >. 0 57@ **"5 ?. 0 60@ *2"5 =. 0 60@ 47"5 2. =etermine the corrected bearin) of side ?= !sin) the compass r!le. A. *47.632 m >. *48.368 m ?. *47.54A m =. *48.453 m 3. =etermine the corrected len)th of side >? !sin) the compass r!le. A. 242.06A m >. 24*.852 m ?. 240.*48 m =. 237.733 m .ol!tion/

3ine A> >? ?= =A

3en)th *22.00 *47.00 24*.00 *57.00

>earin) 0 30@ 5 0 60@ 5 . *0@ 5 0 A0@ ,

3at *05.655 A4.500 -23A.337 54.38*

=ep 6*.000 *27.038 -4*.847 -*47.4**

%erimeter

6A*

5rror

-2.802

-*.223

?ompass r!le/

The correction to be applied to the latit!de Bor depart!re+ of an( co!rse is to the total absol!te correction in latit!de Bor depart!re+ as the len)th of the co!rse is to the perimeter of the traverse.

.ide ?3

?orrected

?=

?orrected

?orrected

?orrected >earin)

3atit!de A> >? ?= =A 0.5*0 0.622 *.00A 0.664 *06.*65 A5.*22 -236.332 55.045 0.222 0.2A* 0.437 0.270

=epart!re 6*.222 *27.307 -4*.4*0 -*47.*2*

3en)th *22.552 *47.54A 237.733 *58.75A 0 27@58"*5@ 5 0 57@50"43@ 5 . 7@56"*8@ , 0 57@44"2*@ 5

?oncrete beam 8meters lon) and spaced 4m center-to-center are !sed to s!pport a concrete slab **5 mm thic-. The beams have effective depth of 650 mm meas!red from the slab s!rface& b w#300mm& and are reinforced for tension onl( with si 28-mm-diameter bars. The beams are to be anal(9ed as T-beams. .teel (ield stren)th f(#350$%a and concrete stren)th fc#2*$%a. *. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ive the width of slab effective as T-beam& in millimeters: A. 2000 >. 2*40 ?. 4000 =. 3250 2. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ive the depth of compression bloc- in millimeters: A. 36.2 >. 45.2 ?. 56.3 =. 62.4 3. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ive the nominal moment capacit( of the beam in Cilo0ewton-$eter. A. 563 >. A84 ?. 752 =. 8*A .ol!tion/

.teel col!mn 3.6m lon) and hin)ed at both ends is !sed to carr( an a ial load of 800-0. The col!mn is s!b8ect to end moments abo!t its stron) a is Bsin)le c!rvat!re+ with $* # 70D$2. The frame is braced a)ainst 8oint translation and is not s!b8ected to an( transverse loadin). ' ( #248$%a& 5#200<%a. The properties of the section are as follows/ A#0.0*3 m2 rb#74 mm . #0.00077 m2 C#*.0 *. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the comp!ted Bact!al+ a ial stress of the col!mn in $e)a%ascals. A. 5A >. A5 ?. 62 =. 68 2. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the allowable a ial compressive stress of the col!mn in $e)a%ascals. A. **4 >. *20 ?. *33 =. *48 3. 'rom a separate calc!lation with 'b # *47$%a& which of the followin) most nearl( )ives the ma im!m moment that the col!mn can carr(& in Cilo0ewton$eter. A. 85.6 >. A5.4 ?. A*.4 =. A8.8 .ol!tion/

A 4-m sin)le span beam havin) a cross-section of 300mm

500 mm carries a

!niforml( distrib!ted load thro!)ho!t its span. The beam is 80D stress )rade Apiton) with allowable bendin) stress of *6.5 $e)a%ascals& allowable shearin) stress of *.A3 $%a and mod!l!s of elasticit( of A.3* <i)a%ascals. Allowable deflection is *1240 of the span.

*. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the val!e of the !niform load witho!t e ceedin) the allowable bendin) stress of the beam& in Cilo0ewton per $eter. A. **8 >. *03 ?. *32 =. *24 2. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the val!e of the !niform load witho!t e ceedin) the allowable shearin) stress of the beam& in Cilo0ewton per $eter. A. 63 >. 54 ?. 8A =. A5 3. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the val!e of the !niform load witho!t e ceedin) the allowable deflection& in Cilo0ewton per $eter. A. *02 >. 78 ?. *24 =. **4 .ol!tion/

A rectan)!lar reinforced concrete beam has a width of 300mm and an effective depth of 450mm to tension bars. The beam is reinforced with si 32-mmdiameter tension bars and two 28-mm-diameter compression bars with centroid 65mm from e treme concrete fiber. ?oncrete stren)th f c#34.5$%a and steel stren)th f(#345$%a. Ass!me that the contrib!tion of the compression steel cannot be ne)lected and that compression steel (ields.

*. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the balanced steel ratio if the beam were A0.044 >.0.033 ?.0.055 =.0.022 2. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the balanced steel ratio for do!bl( reinforced A.0.048 >.0.057 ?.0.062 =.0.053 3. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the !ltimate moment capacit( of the beam A.632 >.A24 ?.5*A =. 5A* .ol!tion/ in Cilo0ewton-$eter. considerin) the effect of the compression steel/ sin)l( reinforced/

The beam is *50mm wide and 300mm deep& The allowable bendin) stress on e treme fiber is *2$%a. 4f #2.5m/

*. ,hich of the followin) )ives the ma im!m moment that the beam can resist& in Cilo0ewton-meter. A. 24 >. *6 ?. *8 =. 2A 2. ,hich of the followin) )ives ma im!m val!e of %& in Cilo0ewton: A. *2.5 >. 8.6 ?. 7.5 =. *6.4 3. ,hich of the followin) )ives ma im!m val!e of %& in Cilo0ewton: A. 2A >. 24 ?. *6 =. *8

.ol!tion/

A spiral col!mn 500-mm in diameter is reinforced with 8-28mm diameter bars as shown. The interaction dia)ram for the col!mn is also )iven.

*. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the reinforcement ratio in percent. A. 0.025 >. 0.032 ?. 0.0*6 =. 0.04* 2. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the ratio of eccentricit( to col!mn dimension in the direction of bendin). A. 0.40 >. 0.30 ?. 0.25 =. 0.35 3. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the nominal load capacit( of the col!mn. A. 2800 >. 2600 ?. 2A00 =. 2500 .ol!tion/

Eectan)!lar beams 300mm wide 600mm effective deep and 5.8m lon) are spaced 3m on centers. These beams are !sed to s!pport a 70-mm thic- concrete slab po!red monolithicall( with the beam& th!s the beams ma( be considered as Tbeams. The beams are reinforced for tension onl( with ei)ht 28-mm diameter bars. ?oncrete stren)th fc # 2A$%a and steel stren)th f( # 345 $%a. The provisions of the *772 .tr!ctr!ral ?ode of the %hilippines re)ardin) T->eams is )iven.

*. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the effective flan)e width accordin) to the *772 0.?%& in millimeters. A. *450 >. *A40 ?. 3000 =. *250 2. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the depth of compression blocmeas!red from the top of the beam& in millimeters. A. 68 >. A2 ?. 60 =. 5* 3. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the nominal capacit( of the beam in Cilo0ewton-$eter. A. 854 >. 7A6 ?. A53 =. **04 .ol!tion/

A bar metal 25mm in diameter is tested on a len)th of 250mm. in tension the followin) res!lts were recorded/

3oad B-0+ 5 tension Bmm+

*0.4 0.036

3*.2 0.087

The Fo!n) $od!l!s 5 is nearl(/

.ol!tion/

A strip of steel *mm thic- is bent into an arc of a circle of radi!s *.0m 5 is e6!al to 200<%a. The ma im!m bendin) stress is/

.ol!tion/

Two pieces of A5mm

400mm Facal members !nder tension are connected

to)ether b( means of a lap splice with 7pcs of 25mm dia. >olts as shown. The wor-in) stresses for 80D vis!all( stress-)raded !nseasoned Facal are as follows/

'rom table T$-6 >endin) and tension parallel to )rain ?ompression parallel to )rain ?ompression perpendic!lar to )rain .hear parallel to )rian -24.5 $%a -*5.8 $%a -6.2A $%a -2.47 $%a

*+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the net area of a timber member: ?onsider hole diameter to be 2mm lar)er than the bolt diameter 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the safe val!e of % considerin) the net area of the timber member: 3+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the safe val!e of % considerin) the bearin) of the bolts on the timber.

.ol!tion/

The T-section shown is formed b( 8oinin) two rectan)!lar pieces of wood to)ether. The beam is s!b8ected to a ma im!m shearin) force of 60-0.

*+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the moment of inertia at the ne!tral a is. 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the shearin) stress at the ne!tral a is. 3+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the shearin) stress at the 8!nction between the two pieces of wood.

.ol!tion/

?oncrete beam 8meters lon) and spaced 4m center-to-center are !sed to s!pport a concrete slab **5 mm thic-. The beams have effective depth of 650 mm meas!red from the slab s!rface& b w#300mm& and are reinforced for tension onl( with si 28-mm-diameter bars. The beams are to be anal(9ed as T-beams. .teel (ield stren)th f(#350$%a and concrete stren)th fc#2*$%a. *. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ive the width of slab effective as T-beam& in millimeters: A. 2000 >. 2*40 ?. 4000 =. 3250 2. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ive the depth of compression bloc- in millimeters: A. 36.2 >. 45.2 ?. 56.3 =. 62.4 3. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ive the nominal moment capacit( of the beam in Cilo0ewton-$eter. A. 563 >. A84 ?. 752 =. 8*A .ol!tion/

A wall footin) is shown. The !nit wei)ht of soil above footin) is *8 -01m 3 and !nit wei)ht of concrete is 23.5 -01m 3. ?oncrete stren)th fc # 2* $%a and steel (ield stren)th is f( # 4*4 $%a. The allowable soil bearin) capacit( is 2*0 -%a.

*. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the effective soil bearin) capacit( at the bottom of the footin) in Cilo%ascals. A. *A2 >. *75 ?. *86 =. *64 2. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the dimension Bwidth+ of the footin) in meter: A. 2.5 >. 2.* ?. 3.2 =. 2.8 3. ,hich of the followin) most nearl( )ives the spacin) of the 28-mm diameter main bars& in millimeters: A. 300 >. 250 ?. 400 =. 350 .ol!tion/

A b!ilt !p section is made !p of 3 rectan)!lar plates welded to form an G-beam. The overall depth is 400mm and is *3 meters lon). The slenderness ratio 31r # 200. The ma . load in tension is *600 -0 and a min. load in compression is 260-0. The member is to carr( a load % # ma load H I min. load.

*+ ?omp!te the re6!ired area of the section if allowable stress is *85$%a. 2+ ?omp!te the width of the flan)e if r # J width of flan)e. 3+ ?omp!te the thic-ness of the plate.

.ol!tion/

A rectan)!lar beam has a width of 250mm and an effective depth of 400mm. The beam is reinforced at the top and bottom section with a steel coverin) of A5mm for the compression bars and has a simple span of 6m.. 4f carries a !niform live load of 36-01m and a dead load of *5-01m. 4f fc"#2*$%a& f( # 2A6$%a.

*+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the !ltimate !niform load: 2+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the nominal moment capacit( of the beam at balanced condition: 3+ ,hich of the followin) )ives the total steel area in tension.

.ol!tion/