Honors Chemistry

Name _________________________________
U n i t 4 : S t o i c h i o m e t r y

Stoichiometry and Measurements Lab

Introduction to Lab Problem Astronauts in the space station need to produce 0.200 mol of calcium carbonate for a certain experiment they are performing. To do this, they combine sodium carbonate and calcium nitrate in a double replacement reaction. This means 0.200 mole of Na 2CO3 is needed. t is then !eighed out and dissol"ed in !ater to form a solution of sodium carbonate. (a) Write an equation to show what happens when this solid dissolves in water (!) "ind the mass o# Na2CO3 needed

0.200 mole of calcium nitrate is needed. t is also !eighed and dissol"ed in !ater to form a calcium nitrate solution. (a) Write an equation to show what happens when this solid dissolves in water (!) "ind the mass o# Ca(N$%)& needed

The sodium carbonate solution is mixed !ith the calcium nitrate solution. (a) Write a !alanced equation #or the reaction

(!) State the type o# reaction (c) 's there a limitin( reactant) '# so* determine the limitin( reactant

(c) What process would you use to separate the solid product) (d) "ind the theoretical masses o# !oth products o!tained in this reaction

(e) '# only % 4+( o# calcium car!onate #orms* calculate the percenta(e yield and percent error
N$,-: 1++. . yield / actual mass predicted mass 0 1++. . error / predicted mass2 actual mass predicted mass 0

Stoichiometry Lab 3s a doctor in the hospital* your patient needs 1 %4 ( o# !arium Sul#ate #or the production o# his 5li#e savin(5 medicine 6ou 7now that every time you conduct this reaction* you (et a 89 4. yield ,he chemicals that you have to wor7 with are Sodium Sulfate and barium nitrate (they are very e0pensive* so use the minimum amount needed) :escri!e #ully what you are (oin( to do :raw in the #ollowin(:

3 ; C

: " 'nitial !ea7er "ilterin( 3#ter solutions are com!ined

Pre-lab: Questions to address prior to starting lab 1 How much o# the reactants will you need to measure out) We will need 1 41 (rams o# ;arium Nitrate* and + <&1 (rams o# Sodium Sul#ate See wor7 out in the picture & How much water should you add to the !ea7er) We will add as much water until the mi0ture dissolves completely ,o separate the solid #rom the liquid* you will need to #ilter What is in the #ilter paper) Should you mass the #ilter paper !e#ore hand) 4 6es you should mass the #ilter paper !e#ore* !ecause when you #iltrate your su!stance* the percipitate will !e wet and you will need to dry it ,hen when you have the mass o# the #ilter paper and percipate you can su!tract the #ilter paper to #ind the mass o# yoru solid '# you have less then you 5live savin( medicine will not wor7* and you should restart 4 How will you collect the aqueous product) :oes this need to !e measured) 6ou can collect the aqueous product !y #ilter* the aqueous product will !e in the !ea7er = Where are some places where you mi(ht lose some o# your product) How can you ma0imi>e your percent yield and minimi>e your percent error) 3#ter you dissolve the mi0ture you mi(ht lose some o# the reactants* and then as a result lose some o# the product $r when you were pourin( the solution throu(h the #ilter paper you mi(ht (et some on the ta!le 6ou can minimi>e your percent error !y ma7in( sure the #ilter paper is secure* the !ea7er !alanced and spray the !ea7er with water to ma7e sure you (et out all your reactants ;e#ore !e(innin(* include all calculations necessary to !e(in your procedure :raw a data ta!le necessary to collect the data ;e care#ul to thin7 o# all data necessary to collect and include this in your ta!le (i# you #or(et somethin(* you can always repeat the la!) %

Calculations before the lab

Pictures

The filter paper and solution

Massing the filter paper and beakers

nalysis and !iscussion: 3s you collect your data* include a calculation o# the percent yield and percent error* sources o# error* will your patient have enou(h #or his medicine* what improvements would you ma7e to your procedure #or ne0t time

Honors Chemistry ?a! Stoichiometry and @easurement ?3; ;?$A BU;B'C Aroup @em!ers ____________________________________________________________________________ ,itleCpurpose _____C 1 @aterials _____C 1 Conclusion statement _____C 1 Concludin( statement at the end o# the report summari>es your la! #indin(s and re#ers !ac7 to purpose ?a! clean _____C &
-0cellent Dery Aood 4 44 Procedure: (past tense* para(raph #ormat* no use o# E'F or EweF) 2 with rationale related to the EGuestions to !e addressed E #rom pre2la! Show all calculations in your lo(ic o# the masses o# reactants used 's the amount o# water important) Why not) Why did you mass the #ilter paper andCor the !ea7er) !ata tables with titles and la!els e() ,a!le 1: @asses o# H $N?6 relevant data provided in the data ta!le (#or e0ample* do you need the mass o# the !ea7er that you mi0ed the reactants in) :id you use that mass in your calculations) '# not* donIt include itJ) Beaction descri!ed (reactants and products) nalysis of data Show calculations o# actual yield Calculations to determine percent yield and percent error #or each product (with attention to si( #i(s #rom data) !iscussion ": What was the theory !ehind your la!) What techniques were used) Why) What chemical concepts helped you to produce the products) :id you (et close to 1++. yield) Will your patient survive) 's your yield too hi(h or low) What a##ected your yield #or each) (!e speci#ic in your error analysis K to coincide with your results (hi(h or low)) !iscussion #: What would you di##erently ne0t time Lropose three #easi!le improvements to this la! What did you learn #rom the la!) What other real li#e application can you apply this to) Aood 4 3vera(e ;elow %4 3vera(e %2+

C%4 points