Annexure III

CONTENTS

Sr
Department Page
No.
I Department wise Distribution of Courses
II Semester wise Distribution of Courses
Department wise and Semester wise Distribution of
III
Courses
1. Agronomy
2. Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science
3. Agricultural Microbiology
4. Agricultural Engineering
5. Horticulture
6. Agricultural Botany, Genetics,
Plant Breeding and Ecology
7. Plant Physiology
8. Agricultural Entomology
9. Plant Pathology
10. Agricultural Economics
11. Agricultural Extension
12. Animal Science
13. Agricultural Statistics and
Computer Science
14. Agricultural Meteorology
15. Mathematics
16. Remote Sensing
17. English
18. Physical Education
 Course Curriculum for B. Sc. (Agri.) Degree Programme
Semester System
The courses for the B. Sc. (Agri.) degree programme are broadly
classified into the following sub-groups:
1. Crop Production
2. Plant Sciences
3. Plant Protection
4. Agricultural Extension and Economics
5. Supporting courses
6. Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE)
The courses proposed under each sub-group are inter-related courses
which also include a few basic courses to give adequate information on
fundamental aspects. These basic courses are also offered by the concerned
disciplines of the Faculty of Agriculture.
Course No. Title Credits
SUB-GROUP - I : CROP PRODUCTION
A. AGRONOMY
Agron. 1.1 Principles of Crop Production
2+1
Agron. 2.2 Soil & Water Management
2+1
Agron. 3.3 Cereals, Millets and Pulses
2+1
Agron. 3.4 Crop Production – I
0+1
Agron. 4.5 Oilseeds and Commercial Crops
2+1
Agron. 4.6 Crop Production - II
0+1
Agron. 4.7 Experimental Techniques in Agricultural Research
1+1
Agron. 5.8 Dryland Agriculture and Watershed Management
1+1
Agron. 5.9 Weed Management
1+1
Agron. 6.10 Forages and Grasses
1+0
Agron. 8.11 Organic Farming, Crop Planning and Farm Management
2+1

------------------
----------- 14 + 10 = 24

B. AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND SOIL SCIENCE

Ag. Chem. 1.1 Fundamentals of Soil Science and Chemistry of Soils 2
+1
Ag. Chem. 2.2 Soil and Plant Analysis 1
+1
Ag. Chem. 3.3 Soil Genesis, Survey, Land use PI8IU1ing and Remote
Sensing 1 + 1
Ag. Chem. 3.4 Introductory Plant Bio-chemistry 1
+1
Ag. Chem. 4.5 Soil Fertility, Fertilizers and Integrated Nutrient Management
2+1
Ag. Chem. 5.6 Chemistry of Plant Products 1+1
Ag. Chem. 6.7 Principles of Food Science and Human Nutrition'
1+1
Ag. Chem. 8.8 Pesticides and other Soil Pollutants 1+1
----------
--
10+ 8 =
18
C. AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY
Ag. Micro. 1.1 General Microbiology 2+1
Ag. Micro. 6.2 Soil Microbiology 1+1
---------
3+2=5
D. AGRIULTURAL ENGINEERING
Ag. Engg. 4.1 Farm Power and Machinery
1+1
Ag. Engg. 5.2 Surveying, Soil and Water Conservation Engineering
2+1
Ag. Engg. 8.3 Post-harvest Engineering 1
+1
--------
4+3=7
E. HORTICULTURE
Hort. 1.1 Introductory Horticulture and Plant Propagation 2
+1
Hort. 3.2 Plantation Crops, Spices. and Condiments, 1
+1
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Hort. 4.3 Fruit and Vegetable Growing 2
+1
Hort.6.4 Landscape and Ornamental Gardening 1+1
Hort.8.5 Fruit and Vegetable Preservation 0
+1
Hort. 8.6 Farm Forestry and Social Forestry 1
+1
-------------
7 + 6 = 13
SUB GROUP - II : PLANT SCIENCES

A. AGRICULTURAL BOTANY, GENETICS, PLANT BREEDING AND

ECOLOGY
Ag. Bot. 1.1 Botany of Field Crops
2+1
Ag. Bot. 2.2 Elements of Genetics
2+1
Ag. Bot. 3.3 Principles of Plant Breeding
2+1
Ag. Bot. 4.4 Breeding of Field Crops 1
+1
Ag. Bot. 5.5 Environmental Sciences and Agro-Ecology
 1+1
Ag. Bot. 6.6 Principles of Seed Technology 2
+1
Ag. Bot. 8.7 Plant Biotechnology
1+1
------------
11 + 7 = 18
B. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
PI. Physio. 2.1 Elementary Crop Physiology
2+1

--------------
2 + 1= 3
SUB-GROUP – III : PLANT PROTECTION

A. AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY
Ag. Ento. 3.1 Fundamentals of Entomology
2+1
Ag. Ento. 4.2 Principles of Insect Control
2+1
Ag. Ento. 5.3 Crop Pests 2
+1
Ag. Ento. 6.4 Integrated Pest Management
2+1
Ag. Ento. 8.5 Introduction to Bee Keeping and Sericulture
0+1
Ag. Ento. 8.6 Plant Clinic 0
+1
-------------
8+6=
14
B. PLANT PATHOLOGY
Pl. Path. 2.1 Introductory Plant Pathology and Nematology 2
+1
Pl. Path. 3.2 Crop Diseases – I 1+1
Pl. Path. 4.3 Crop Diseases –II 1+1
Pl. Path. 5.4 Plant Disease Management
2+1
Pl. Path. 8.5 Mushroom Culture 0+1

---------------
--------
6 +
5=11

SUB-GROUP - IV : AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND EXTENSION

A. AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
Ag. Econ. 2.1 Introduction to Agricultural Economics
2+1
Ag. Econ. 3.2 Farm Management Economics 1
+1
Ag. Econ. 5.3 Agricultural Marketing, Export and Cooperation
2+1
Ag. Econ. 8.4 Agricultural Finance, Business Management and
Trade 2 + 1
-------------
7+
4=11
B. AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
Ag. Extn. 1.1 Fundamentals of Extension Education and Rural
2+1
Development
Ag. Extn. 2.2 Communication Process 1
+1
Ag. Extn. 5.3 Adoption and Diffusion of Agricultural Innovations
1+0
Ag. Extn. 6.4 Rural Sociology and Educational Psychology
2+1

------------
6 + 3=9
SUB-GROUP - V : SUPPORTING COURSES

A. ANIMAL SCIENCE
Ani. Sci. 4.1 Poultry, Sheep, Goat and Fish Production
1+1
Ani. Sci. 5.2 Dairy Bovine Production and Management
1+1
Ani. Sci. 6.3 Animal Diseases 1
+1

-------------
3 + 3=6
B. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE
Ag. Stat. 1.1 Introduction to Computer
1+1
Ag. Stat. 2.2 Elements of Statistics
2+1

---------------
3 + 2=5
C. AGRICULTURAL METEOROLOGY
Ag. Met. 6.1 Agricultural Meteorology
2+1

---------------
2 + 1=3
D. MATHEMATICS
Maths. 2.1 Biomathematics 1+0

-------------
1 + 0=1
E. REMOTE SENSING
Remote Sensing 3.1 Remote Sensing Techniques in Agriculture
2+1
---------------
2 + 1=3
F. ENGLISH
Eng. 1.1 Structural and Spoken English 1+1

-------------
1 + 1=2
G. PHYSICAL EDUCATION
P. E. 1.1 Physical Education / NSS / NCC (Non-credit) 0
+1
P. E. 2.2 Physical Education /NSS / NCC (Non-credit) 0
+1

------------
0 + 2=2
SUB-GROUP – VI
RAWE - Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) 0
+ 20
-------
-----------
0 +
20=20
Total 90 +
85=175
YEAR/SEMESTER WISE COURSE DISTRIBUTION FOR B. SE.
(AGRI.) DEGREE
Course No. Title Credits
FIRST YEAR
FIRST SEMESTER
Agron. 1.1 Principles of Crop Production 2+1
Hort. 1.1 Introductory Hortic\1lture and Plant Propagation
2+1
Ag. Chem. 1.1 Fundamentals of Soil Science and Chemistry of Soils
2+1
Ag. Bot. 1.1 Botany of Field Crops
2+1
Ag. Micro. 1.1 General Microbiology
2+1
Ag. Stat. 1.1 Introduction to Computer 1+1
Eng. 1.1 Structural and Spoken English 1+1
Ag. Extn. 1.1 Fundamentals of Extension Education and
Rural Development
2+1
P. E. 1.1 Physical Education / NSS / NCC (Non-credit)
0+1

---------------
14 + 9=23
SECOND SEMESTER
PI. Physio. 2.1 Elementary Crop Physiology
2+1
Ag. Econ. 2.1 Introduction to Agricultural Economics
2+1
PI. Path. 2.1 Introductory Plant Pathology and Nematology
2+1
Maths 2.1 Biomathematics 1+0
Agron. 2.2 Soil and Water Management
2+1
Ag. Chem. 2.2 Soil and Plant Analysis
1+1
Ag. Bot. 2.2 Elements of Genetics
2+1
Ag. Extn. 2.2 Communication Process
1+1
Ag. Stat. 2.2 Elements of Statistics
 2+1
P. E. 2.2 Physical Education /NSS/NCC (Non-credit)
0+1

---------------
15 + 9=24
SECOND YEAR
THIRD SEMESTER
Ag. Ento. 3.1 Fundamentals of Entomology
2+1
Remote Sensing 3.1 Remote Sensing Techniques in Agriculture
2+1
Hort.3.2 Plantation Crops, Spices and Condiments,
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 1+1
PI. Path. 3.2 Crop Diseases – I 1+1
Ag. Econ.3.2 Farm Management Economics
1+1
Agron. 3.3 Cereals, Millets and Pulses
2+1
Ag. Chem.3.3 Soil Genesis, Survey, Land Use Planning and
Remote Sensing 1+1
Ag. Bot. 3.3 Principles of Plant Breeding
2+1
Agron. 3.4 Crop Production – I
0+1
Ag. Chem.3.4 Introductory Plant Bio-chemistry
1+1

---------------
13 +
10=23
FOURTH SEMESTER
Ag. Engg.4.1 Farm Power and Machinery
1+1
Ani. Soil. 4.1 Poultry, Sheep, Goat and Fish Production
1+1
Ag. Ento. 4.2 Principles of Insect Control
2+1
Hort. 4.3 Fruit and Vegetable Growing
2+1
PI. Path 4.3 Crop Diseases – II 1+1
Ag. Bot. 4.4 Breeding of Field Crops 1+1
Agron 4.5 Oilseeds and Commercial Crops
2+1
Ag. Chem. 4.5 Soil Fertility, Fertilizers and Integrated Nutrient
Management
2+1
Agron. 4.6 Crop Production – II
0+1
Agron. 4.7 Experimental Techniques in Agricultural Research
1+1

---------------
13 +10=23
THIRD YEAR
FIFTH SEMESTER
Ani. Sci. 5.2 Dairybovine Production and Management
1+1
Ag. Engg. 5.2 Surveying, Soil and Water Conservation
2+1
Ag. Extn. 5.3 Adoption and Diffusion of Agricultural Innovations
1+0
Ag. Ento. 5.3 Crop Pests
2+1
Ag. Econ. 5.3 Agricultural Marketing, Export and Co-operation
2+1
PI. Path. 5.4 Plant Disease Management
2+1
Ag. Bot. 5.5 Environmental Sciences and Agro-Ecology
1+1
Ag. Chem. 5.6 Chemistry of Plant Products
1+1
Agion. 5.8 Dryland Agriculture and Watershed Management
1+1
Agron. 5.9 Weed Management
1+1

---------------
14 + 9=23
SIXTH SEMESTER
Ag. Met. 6.1 Agricultural Meteorology
2+1
Ag. Micro. 6.2 Soil Microbiology
1+1
Ani. Sci. 6.3 Animal Diseases 1+1
Hort. 6.4 Landscape and Ornamental Gardening
1+1
Ag. Ento. 6.4 Integrated Pest Management
2+1
Ag. Extn. 6.4 Rural Sociology and Educational Psychology
2+1
Ag. Bot. 6.6 Principles of Seed Technology 2+1
Ag. Chem. 6.7 Principles of Food Science and Human Nutrition
1+1
Agron. 6.10 Forages and Grasses
1+0

---------------
13 + 8=21
FOURTH YEAR

SEVENTH SEMESTER
RAWE Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE)
0+20
Details will be available in the separate bulletin

---------------
0 + 20=20
EIGHTH SEMESTER
Ag. Engg. 8.3 Post-harvest Engineering
1+1
Ag. Econ. 8.4 Agricultural Finance, Business Management and
Trade 2+1
Hort.8.5 Fruit and Vegetable Preservation
0+1
Pl. Path 8.5 Mushroom Culture
0+1
Ag. Ento. 8.5 Introduction to Bee Keeping and Sericulture
0+1
Ag. Ento. 8.6 Plant Clinic
0+1
Hort.8.6 Farm Forestry and Social Forestry
1+1
Ag. Bot. 8.7 Plant Biotechnology
1+1
Ag. Chem. 8.8 Pesticides and Other Soil Pollutants
1+1
Agron. 8.11 Organic Farming, Crop Planning and Farm Management
2+1

---------------
8 + 10=18

---------------
Semesterwise distribution of credits for B.Sc.(Agri.) degree course (10+2+4)
Sr.No Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total Grand
T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P Total
I Crop Production
a. Agronomy 2 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 2 2 I 0 - - 2 1 14 10 24
Agricultural
b. Chemistry and Soil 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 - - 1 1 10 8 18
Science
Agricultural
c 2 1 - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - 3 2 5
Microbiology
Agricultural
d. - - - - - - 1 1 2 1 - - - - 1 1 4 3 7
Engineering
e. Horticulture 2 1 - - 1 1 2 1 - - 1 1 - - 1 2 7 6 13
II Plant Sciences
Agricultural Botany,
Genetics, Plant
a. 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 I 1 1 2 1 - - 1 1 11 7 18
Breeding and
Ecology
b. Plant Physiology - - 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 1 3
III Plant Protection
Agricultural
a. - - - - 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 - - 0 2 8 6 14
Entomology
b. Plant Pathology - - 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 I - - - - 0 1 6 5 11
IV Agricultural Economics and Extension
Agricultural
a. - - 2 1 1 1 - - 2 1 - - - - 2 1 7 4 11
Economics
Agricultural
b. 2 1 1 1 - - - - 1 0 2 1 - - - - 6 3 9
Extension
V Supporting Courses
a. Animal Science - - - - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - 3 3 6
b. AgriculturaStatistics 1 1 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 2 5
 and Computer
Science
Agricultural
c. - - - - - - - - - - 2 1 - - - - 2 1 3
Meteorology
d. Mathematics - - 1 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0 1
e. Remote Sensing - - - - 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - 2 1 3
f. English 1 1 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 1 2
g. Physical Education 0 1 0 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 2 2
VI RAWE
Study Tour* - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 20 - - 0 20 20
1 1 1
Total.. 9 15 9 13 10 13 10 9 13 8 0 20 8 90 85 175
4 4 0
*Study tour for three weeks in Gujarat and one adjoining state in semester: 8
T=Theory of one hour lecture (50 student division; P=Two hours of laboratory/Field practical (25 students per batch) (X)
 COURSE CONTENTS
AGRONOMY

Course No. Title Credit

Agron. 1.1 Principles of Crop Production (2+1=3)

Theory

Definition of Agriculture, Agronomy - scope and. its role in crop production. Development of
Agriculture and crop production in the state. Classification of field crops and definition of different terms
used in field crops. Seed, characteristics of good seeds, seed purity and germination as well as seed
treatments. Plant nutrients and their role in crop production. Irrigation and drainage in crop production.
Crop rotation and cropping systems (Mixed cropping, inter cropping, multiple cropping, relay cropping,
relay - multiple cropping and their salient features). Importance of soil tilth, tillage - its objectives and
classification of tillage. Soil, soil texture, soil structure, soil fertility and productivity. Weeds, their
classification and different methods of weed control.

Practical

Study of crop cafeteria. Working with different hand tools. Preparation of seedbed. Determination
of seed purity and germination. Study of different methods of sowing. Study of green manuring and
methods of preparing FYM and compost. Identification and classification of manures and fertilizers.
Selection of different fertilizers and manures on the basis of unit cost. Study of different methods of
harvesting and threshing.

Agron. 2.2 Soil and Water Management (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Soil - water importance and their management. Soil properties in relation to water management.
Soil - water - plant relationship, different forms of soil water and their importance in crop production.
Water requirement of different crops, duty of water, factors affecting duty of water and- critical growth
stages of crops for irrigation. Consumptive use of water and water use efficiencies and factors affecting
them. Approaches for scheduling irrigation. Quality of irrigation water. Irrigation management for
crops in problematic soils, basic concept, irrigation frequency and methods, salt balance and LR.
Drainage management in irrigated areas and agronomic aspects of water conservation.

Practical

Study of different agronomic practices for soil and water management. Preparation of land for
irrigation and- implements use. Soil sampling and determination of soil moisture content by different
methods. Determination of important soil moisture constants and Bulk density. Measurement of irrigation
water. Study of water application methods. Calculating soil moisture deficit, CD and WUE. Visit to
irrigation experiments and water management projects. Preparation of cropping scheme for irrigated
agriculture. Appendices.

Agron. 3.3 Cereals, Millets and Pulses (2+ 1

=3)

Theory

Study of following crops with reference to their distribution, economic importance, history, soil
and climatic requirements, agronomic requirements viz., seeds and sowing, manures and fertilizers,
interculturing and weed control measures, irrigation, crop rotation, inter / mixed / relay cropping,
harvesting, threshing, preparation for market, improved varieties and their production potential, quality
aspects and important pest and diseases.
Cereals and Millets: Paddy, Wheat, Maize, Rajgira, Pearlmillet, Greatmillet (Sorghum), Fingermillet,
Kodomillet, Common millet, Italian millet, Banti and Vari

Pulses: Pigeonpea, Greengram, Blackgram, Soybean, Cowpea, Cluster bean, Kidney bean, Chickpea,
Indian bean, Peas, Lentil. and Rajmah.

Practical

Seedbed preparation. Raising seedlings and transplanting of important crops. Seed treatment of
different crops. Different methods of fertilizer applications and working out quantity of required
fertilizers from different sources. Management of crops after sowing. Periodical observations of field
crops. Judging of maturity stage. Seed production techniques and seed certification. Working out cost of
cultivation of major crops of the zone.

Agron. 3.4 Crop Production-I

(0+1=1)

Practical

Under this course, each student will be allotted a plot of 0.05 to 0.10 ha depending upon the
availability of the resources for raising suitable crops of the zone during kharif / rabi /summer season. For
this purpose, a group of 6 - 8 students may be formed' to carry out all field operations. The plot will be
given from the time of preparation of land until the harvest of crop. Each student will carry out all
important field operations independently or in-group under the supervision and guidance of the course
teacher. Necessary inputs will be supplied to the students. The entire responsibility of planning and
execution will rest with the student for raising successful crop during the season. The student will have to
work in his allotted plot in regular specified credit hours and during spare time as per requirement of the
agricultural operations for the crop in time. The net profit realized, if any, will be distributed individually
or in a group or as per marks obtained infield work after deducting the cost of inputs and other charges.

Agron. 4.5 Oilseeds and Commercial Crops (2+

1=3)

Theory

Study of following crops with reference to their distribution, economic importance, history, soil
and climatic requirements, agronomic requirements viz., seeds and sowing, manures and fertilizers,
interculturing and weed control measures, irrigation, crop rotation, inter/mixed/relay cropping, harvesting,
threshing, preparation for market, improved varieties and their production potential, quality aspects and
important pest and diseases.

Oilseed crops: Groundnut, Castor, Sesamum, SunJ1ower, Mustard, Safflower, Niger anti Linseed.

Commercial crops: Cotton, Sugarcane, Tobacco and Chicory.

Practical

Seedbed preparation. Raising seedlings and transplanting of important crops. Seed treatment of
different crops. Different methods of fertilizer application and working out quantity of required fertilizers
from different sources. Management of crops after sowing. Periodical observation of important crops.
Seed production techniques and seed certification. Judging of maturity stage. Working out cost of
cultivation of major crops of the zone.

Agron. 4.6 Crop Production-II

(0+1=1)

Practical

Under this course, each student will be allotted a plot of 0.05 to 0.10 ha depending upon the
availability of the resources for raising the suitable crops of the zone during kharif / rabi / summer season.
For this purpose, a group of 6 - 8 students may be formed to carry out all field operations. The plot will be
given from the time of land preparation until the crop harvest. Each student will carry out all important
field operations independently or in group under the supervision and guidance of the course teacher.
Necessary inputs will be supplied to the students. The entire responsibility of planning and execution will
rest with the student for raising successful crop during, the season. The student will have to work in his
allotted plot in regular specified credit hours and during spare time as per requirement of the agricultural
operations for the crop hi time. The net profit realized, if any, will be distributed individually or in a group
or as per marks obtained in field works after deducting the cost of inputs and other charges.

Agron.4.7 Experimental Techniques in Agricultural Research (1+1=2)

Theory

Importance of field experimental techniques in agricultural research. Objectives of field

experiments. Selection of site for field experiment. Basic principles of field experimentation. Planning of
field experiments, size and shape of plots, arrangement of plots and blocks and number of treatments and
replications. Uniformity trails and methods of overcoming soil variation. Analysis of variance. Study of
ABBA, CRD, RBD, LSD and factorial concept, Split-plot design. Missing plot techniques for RBD and
Latin Square Design.
.
Practical

Important terminology in experimental techniques in agricultural research. Layout of

experimental design ABBA and CRD. Calculation and interpretation of research data in ABBA and CRD
designs. Layout of experimental design RBD, LSD and SPD. Calculation and interpretation of research
data in RBD, LSD and SPD designs. Calculating missing plot value in RBD and LSD. Visit to research
experiments on campus farms.

Agron. 5.8 Dryland Agriculture and Watershed Management (1+1=2)

Theory

Definition and history of dryland agriculture. Basic aspects of dry farming. Constraints of dryland
agriculture. Agronomic practices for higher crop production including nutrients management and soil
moisture conservation. Choice of crops and their varieties. Drought and drought hardening techniques.
Water harvesting and recycling. Crop contingency planning and mitigating adverse effect of aberrant
weather. Alternate land use system. Watershed management approach in dryland agriculture. Dryland
agriculture research and development in India and Gujarat state in particular.

Practical

Collection and interpretation of soil moisture data at periodical intervals of crop growth and to
relate it with crop yield. Study of contour and strip cropping. Fertilizer applications under dry farming.
Study of soil moisture conservation and storage practices. Study of different approaches of watershed
management. Different techniques .of water harvesting under dryland agriculture. Visit to nearest
watershed management project.

Agron. 5.9 Weed Management

(1+1=2)

Theory

History, classification, identification, losses caused, utilization, habits of growth, reproduction,

dissemination and persistence of weeds. Association of weeds with different soils and crops, Crop-weed
competition. Principles and methods of weed management. Classification of herbicides. Advantages and
limitations of herbicide use. Selectivity in herbicidal usage. Problematic, aquatic and parasitic weeds and
their control measures, weed management research. Recommendations for weed management in.
important field crops.

Practical

Weed control terminology. Collection, identification and preservation of weeds. Study of

methods of weed control. Comparative economics of weed control methods. Use of different spraying
appliances and weed control arithmetic. Methods of application of herbicides and their handling.
Function, properties and doses of important herbicides. Visit to weed management experiments of
different crops on campus farms.

Agron.6.10 Forages and Grasses (1+0=1)

Theory

Importance of forages and grasses in agriculture. Improvement and management of grass lands.
Nutritive value and toxicity in forage crops. Problems and prospects of seed production in forages and
grasses.

Cultivation of forage crops like Lucerne, Sorghum, Maize, Bajra, Oat, Cowpea, Sunflower and
grasses 1ike Hybrid Napier, Guinea grass, Marvel grass, Anjan grass, Dharaf grass, Blue panic and
Shaniyar grass with reference to their distribution and utilization, soil and climatic requirements,
agronomic requirements viz., seeds and sowing, weed control, fertilizer and irrigation needs, crop
rotation, harvesting, yields, improved varieties, quality aspects and important pest and diseases.

Agron. 8.11 Organic Farming, Crop Planning and Farm Management (2+1
=3)

Theory
 Scope, definition and importance of organic farming. Components of organic farming and their
role in sustainable crop production. Organic farming in relation to soil health and quality production.
Crop planning in relation to soil type, weather conditions and physical and socio-economic resources.
Objectives of farm management. Classification of farming. Types of farm and farm structure. Farm
records and registers. Cropping system/pattern. Cropping scheme. Farm budget. Managing farm
problems.

Practical

Study of different organic materials. Recycling of farm wastes. Preparation of vermi-compost.

Survey and layout of farm for locating various components. Recording of field observations in plots
allotted to the students. Preparation of cropping scheme and farm budget. Requirement of inputs in cash
and kind for different cropping schemes. Estimation of yield of various field crops. Farm records and
recording farm transactions. Working out cost of cultivation and net realization for field crops.
Preparation of calendar of operations for different field crops. Study of farm management problems.

AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND SOIL SCIENCE

Ag. Chem. 1.1 Fundamentals of Soil Science and Chemistry of Soils (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Soil as a resource, medium of plant growth and sink. Soil physical properties texture, structure,
bulk density, particle density, soil colour, pore space, soil air, soil temperature, soil water, soil consistence.
Significance of physical properties on plant growth.
Soil chemical properties - soil colloids - inorganic colloids - clay minerals, amorphous, ion
exchange reactions, organic colloids -soil organic matter, decomposition, humus formation, soil reaction -
acidity, alkalinity - salinity and sodicity. Nutrient availability and plant growth. Quality of irrigation
water.

Practical

Soil sample collection, processing of soil sample for chemical analysis, mechanical analysis, soil
particle density and bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity. Hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate
in soils. Soil aggregate analysis. Quality of irrigation water. Gypsum and lime requirement.

Ag. Chem. 2.2 Soil and Plant Analysis (1+1=2)

Theory

Methods of analysis - volumetric, gravimetric etc. Law of mass. action, equilibrium constant,
solubility product, dissociation of water, concept of pH, its calculations,. ionization of acids and bases.
Theory of indicators, principles of instrumentation like pH meter, conductivity meter, colorimeter, flame
photometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Practical

Preparation of standard solutions - primary and secondary standards. Determination of moisture

from soil and plant. Determination of EC and pH of soil. Estimation of organic carbon and total nitrogen
from soil. Determination of available N, P, K and S from soil. Collection and preparation of plant
samples. Preparation of plant extract and its analysis for N, P, K Ca, Mg and S. Determination of CEC
and exchangeable ions from soil.

Ag. Chem. 3.3 Soil Genesis, Survey, Land Use Planning and Remote Sensing (1+1=2)

Theory
Soil forming rocks and minerals, soil genesis, soil profile and its development. Definition of soil,
soil composition, soil survey and classification, soils of India, soils of Gujarat.
Land use planning - land capability classification, land irrigability classification, land use classes
- distribution in India.
Principles and basic concepts of remote sensing - use of remote sensing technique in assessment
and monitoring of land and water resources. Basic concepts of GIS system and its application.

Practical
 Study of soil forming rocks, soil minerals, soil morphology. Study of soil maps of Gujarat and
India. Satellite imagery of different land-use types.

Ag. Chem. 3.4 Introductory Plant Bio-Chemistry (1+1=2)

Theory

Introduction, occurrence, classification, biochemical function, synthesis and physiological

importance of carbohydrates; lipids, proteins and enzymes. Hormones and plant pigments. Bio-chemical
changes taking place during germination of seeds and ripening of fruits.

Practical

Determination of titrable acidity and vitamin-C from fruit juice. Determination of reducing and
non-reducing sugars from food materials. Saponification of vegetable oil. Qualitative tests for
identification of carbohydrates, protein and fats from food. Extraction of oil by Soxhlet method.
Estimation of protein by Folin's method. Chlorophyll content of leaves.
Ag. Chem. 4.5 Soil Fertility, Fertilizers and Integrated Nutrient Management (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Soil fertility, essential nutrients, their functions, deficiency and toxicity symptoms, soil testing
fertility evaluation and fertilizer recommendation, A, E and L values through radio tracer technique.
Fertilizers - organic, inorganic and complex; their composition, characteristics, classification. Fertilizer
use efficiency and balanced fertilizer use. Bulky and concentrated organic manures, their composition,
characteristics, transformations in soil and their effect on soil productivity. Biofertilizers. Integrated
nutrient management for sustainable soil productivity.

Practical

Determination of total N from urea and organic manure, total-K from muriate of potash,
ammonical nitrogen from DAP, citrate soluble-P and total-P from dicalcium phosphate, sulphur from
gypsum, organic matter content of FYM/oil cakes. Preparation of DTP A extract for micronutrients.
Fertilizer recommendation based on soil test values (STCR approach).

Ag. Chem. 5.6 Chemistry of Plant Products (1+1=2)

Theory

Occurrence, biochemical functions and importance of secondary metabolites like alkaloids,

glucosides and essential oils in plants. Important characteristics and functions of excretory products' such
as gums, mucilage and oleoresins from plants. Biochemical and industrial importance of plant products
and their effect on human health.

Practical

Paper and thin layer chromatography (phenol/alkaloids). Determination of glucosinolate.

Estimation of erusic acid from mustard, cyanide in forage, nicotine and chlorogenic acid from tobacco.
Estimation of essential oils from aromatic plants. Proximate analysis.

Ag. Chem. 6.7 Principles of Food Science and Human Nutrition (1 +1 =2)

Theory

Introduction to food science and nutrition. Composition and classification of foods. Requirement
and functions of water and electrolytes. Function of various nutrients and their deficiency symptoms in
body. Digestion, absorption and utilization of nutrients - proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals and
vitamins. Methods of improving quality of food-soaking, sprouting, fermentation, fortification and
enrichment. Malnutrition and concepts of balanced diet. Evaluation of protein quality and energy value of
foods. Deteriorative factors and their control. National food and nutrition policies and programmes.
Socioeconomic factors in nutrition. Regulatory aspects of nutrition. Antinutritional factors.

Practical

Determination of alcoholic acidity and gluten content in flour. Star in flour. Total solids, total
sugar, acidity, ash and salt in tomato ketch-up. Vitamin-A, Lactose and fat in infant milk foods. Energy
value of food by composition and bomb calorimeter. Digestibility of casein by trypsin. Changes in malt
during germination.

Ag. Chem. 8.8 Pesticides and Other Soil Pollutant (1+1=2)

Theory

Causes of soil pollution - its Impact. Soil pollution due to fertilizers- eutrophication and nitrate
toxicity. Pesticide-defination and their classification, chemistry in relation to degradation in soil, process
of degradation-biotic/abiotic. Soil pollution due to sewage and and industrial effluents and solid wastes-
accumulation of heavy metals and toxic organic substances. Remedial measures for soil pollution

Practical
Estimation of HCL-isomers, DDT compounds, chlorpyriphos insecticides, dithiocarbamate group
of fungicides, 2,4-D herbicides resides and dinitro aniline group of herbicide residues from soil.
Determination of heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Cr, Pb) and pollutants like fluoride and nitrate from water.

AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY
Ag. Micro. 1.1 General Microbiology (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Introduction to microorganisms viz., fungi, yeasts, viruses, viroids, nematodes, phytoplasmas,

spiroplasmas and rickettsiae. History of microbiology. Morphology, structures, growth and classification
of bacteria. Microbiology of water. Microbial deterioration of agricultural produce and biodegradation of
waste. Microbiology of food, milk and industrial application of microorganisms. Biotechnology including
microbe-plant interactions. Importance of microorganisms as plant pathogens.

Practical

. . Familiarities with equipments in a microbiology laboratory. Study and handling of microscope.

Study of micrometry and measurement of microorganisms. Microscopic examination of
microorganisms. Cleaning of glasswares, plugging and preparation of media and sterilization. Pure
culture techniques. Simple, Gram, capsule and spore staining. Estimation of bacteria from milk and
sewage water. Study of antagonism of . various bioagents against plant pathogens.

Ag. Micro. 6.2 Soil Microbiology

(1+1=2)

Theory

Introduction to soil microorganisms. and their importance. Microbial interrelationships.

Importance and function of microbes in relation to decomposition of organic matter. Role of microbes in
carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur cycles and microbial transformation of elements. Symbiotic and
nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixation. Biogas production. Biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture, their
developments, storage, types including N2 fixers, phosphate solubilizers and metal oxidizers. Azolla and
mycorrhizae and their characteristics.

Practical

Isolation of microorganisms from soil. Isolation of Rhizobium bacteria from root nodules of
legumes. Mass production of Rhizobium, Azolla, Azospirillum, and phosphate solubilizers metal oxidizers
and their applications. Testing of various biofertilizers including Rhizobium. Azotobacter, Azospirillum,
phosphate solubilizers and sulphur oxidisers.

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Ag. Engg. 4.1 Farm Power and Machinery

(1+1=2)

Theory

Farm power and mechanization, Engine terminology and related numericals. Tractor -
components, types, power transmission system. Economics of tractor operation. Mould board plough, disc
plough, cultivator, harrow, seed-drill, reaper and thresher their components, adjustments and repairs.

Practical

Study of engine construction, components and their functions. Study of engine systems. Study of
mechanical power transmission. Study and field operation of tractor and tractor drawn implements.

Ag. Engg. 5.2 Surveying, Soil and Water Conservation

(2+1=3)

Theory
Introduction and principles of survey, measurement of distance, correction of errors in length and
area due to incorrect chain. Cross staff survey, compass survey and plane table survey. Levelling by
collimation and rise and fall method. Mechanics of soil erosion, types of erosion, practices to control soil
erosion. Soil conservation structures.
Sources of irrigation water. Methods of water application. Wells and pumps. Measurement of
irrigation water by weirs, orifices and Parshal flume. Command area development and watershed
management.
Practical
 Chain and cross staff survey, compass survey and plane table survey. Levelling. Study of different
soil conservation structures. Study of pumps. Measurement of irrigation water by weirs, orifices and
Parshal flume. Study of irrigation methods.

Ag. Engg. 8.3 Post Harvest Engineering

(1+1=2)

Theory

Introduction to. post harvest operations to process cereals, pulses and oil seeds. Principles
involved and equipments used in post harvest operations. Milling of rice, wheat, com, pulse and spices.
Post harvest study of cotton ginning and other cash crops. Study of grain storage systems, structures and
cold storage.

Practical

Study of different cleaners, shellers, polishers and driers. Determination of milling yield of
different cereals, pulses and spices. Visit to agricultural - product processing industries.

HORTICULTURE

Hort. 1.1 Introductory Horticulture and Plant Propagation

(2+1=3)

Theory

Introduction, importance and scope of horticulture. Divisions of horticulture. Climate and soil
requirement for horticultural plants. Soil and Water management in relation to horticultural crops.
Nutrition management in horticultural crops. Propagation of horticulture plants through sexual and
asexual methods including tissue culture. Training and Pruning including canopy management.
Specialized horticultural practices like notching, girdling, bending, ringi11g, thinning, root pruning etc.
Uses of plant growth regulators in horticultural crops. Protective cultivation i.e. greenhouse, net house,
polyhouse etc. Phases of growth; vegetative and reproductive. Flower bud initiation and differentiation.
Flower bearing habits. Factors affecting fruitfulness and unfruitfulness like pollination, fruit set and fruit
drop etc. Harvesting, cleaning, sorting and grading, packaging, storage and marketing of fruits and
vegetables.

Practical

Identification of horticultural plants. Containers for growing plants. Propagation media, seed
extraction, preparation of seedbeds and seed sowing. Methods of vegetative propagation viz., cutting,
layering, grafting and budding. Propagation. by specialized structures. Special horticulture practices for
inducing flowering in fruit crops. Different planting methods, layout, selection of planting materials and
planting. Studies of tissue culture techniques and visit to tissue culture lab.

Hort. 3.2 Plantation Crops, Spices and Condiments, (1+1=2)

Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Theory

Importance and scope of plantation crops. Detailed cultivation practices of plantation crops. viz.,
coconut, arecanut, cocoa, tea, coffee, pineapple, oil palm and cashewnut (B.N. Family, origin, uses,
varieties, climate and soil, propagation, planting, nutrition, irrigation. Plant protection, harvesting,
handling and marketing.) Importance and scope of spices and condiments .Cultivation practices for
ginger, turmeric, coriander, cumin, fennel, fenugreek, curry leaf, black pepper, chillies, garlic, cinnamon,
cardamom. Introductory informations of nutmeg, clove, tajpatti, celery, mint, ajamo. Importance and
scope of medicinal and aromatic plants. Cultivation practices for isabgul, common cress (Asalio), chirtty
(Kariyatu), ashvagandha, liquorice (Jethimadh), guggal, asparagus, safedmusli, alove (Kumarpathu).
Introductory information of satodi, (sprending hodvid ), harde, baheda, sarpgandha, bijora (C. medica),
ardusi. Different scented grasses, viz., citronella, vetivar, lemongrass and jasminum, roses, tuberose.

Practical

Identification of plantation crops, spices and condiments, medicinal and aromatic plants. Varietal
study of coconut, chillies. Preparation of nursery for coconut; Planting of garlic, ginger and citronella
grass. Harvesting and curing of some medicinal and aromatic plants. Extraction of oil from roses,
jasmine, citronella, menthol. Field visit to commercial cultivated crops, marketing yards and processing
units.

Hort. 4.3 Fruit and Vegetable Growing (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Scope and importance of fruits and vegetables. Nutritive value of fruits and vegetables and their
role in human diet. Agroclimatic zone of India and state. Selection of site, layout and planting of orchard.
Detailed study of mango, banana, citrus, sapota, papaya, guava, pomegranate, ber, custard apple, date
palm and aonla. (B. N., family, origin, importance and scope, distribution, area, and production in the
state, soil, climate, varieties, propagation, planting, nutrition, irrigation, and other after cares, harvesting,
handling and marketing) Introductory information of minor fruit crops like jamun, cordia, phalsa, bael,
jackfruit, pineapple, grape, cashewnut, sweet orange, mandarin, grapefruit, tamarind, kamrakh, mulberry
fig and woodapple. Classification of vegetable crops. Detailed cultivation of major vegetable crops, viz.,
potato, onion, tomato, brinjal, chilli, okra, cabbage, cauliflower, bottlegourd, ridgegourd, bittergourd.
Introductory information of minor vegetable crops viz., c1usterbean, cowpea, knolkhol, smoothgourd,
pointedgourd, watermelon, muskmelon, pumpkin, carrot, radish, sweet potato, amaranthus, fenugreek,
coriander, palak, colocacia, garlic. Harvesting, handling, packaging and marketing of vegetable crops.

Practical

Identification of different fruit crops and their important varieties. Identificatiol1 of different
vegetable crops and their important varieties. Raising of vegetable seedlings and its planting. Layout for
kitchen gardening. Harvesting of fruits and vegetables and their handling.

Hort. 6.4 Land Scape and Ornamental Gardening

(1+1=2)

Theory

History of gardening in India. importance and scope of landscape and ornamental gardening.
Principles of landscape gardening. Elements of garden designs. Different styles of gardening (formal and
informal). Indoor and outdoor gardening. Components of garden architecture and decoration viz., lawn,
trees, shrubs, flowers walks, rockery, conservatory, gates, creepers and climbers. Decorative features viz.,
fountains, statues, seats, arches, ornamental pots, pillars, trellis, arbors, pergolas basket plants, window
boxes, tubs, vases and bird bath. Cultivation and management of lawn. General information on trees,
shrubs, climbers, annuals, biennial, perennials, bulbous plants, succulents, cacti, palms, aquatic plants and
bonsai. Flower arrangement. Commercial cultivation of rose, jasmine, chrysanthemum, marigold,
tuberose, gaillardia and lily. Introductory information of dahlia, gladiolus, aster, gerbera, carnation,
goldenrod. Harvesting and handling of cutflowers and its vase life.

Practical

Study of garden tools and implements. Identification of ornamental plants in terms of their
growth habit, leaves, flowers, it's shape, flower colour, flowering season and method of propagation.
Potting mixture. Potting and repotting. Transplanting of seasonal plants, evergreen and deciduous trees.
Planning and layout of garden styles. Planning and layout of bungalow garden. Maintenance of lawn.
Bonsai raising. Special practices like prunning, topjary, pinching. Flower arrangement. Preparation of
rockery, flower beds, arches, pergolas, border, rosery and shrubberies. Symbols used for landscape
garden design. Harvesting and handling of cutflowers. .

Hort. 8.5 Fruit and Vegetable Preservation

(0+1=1)

Practical

Introduction, importance and scope of fruit and vegetable preservation. Studies of some important
equipments and their uses. Principles of preservation. Different methods of preservation (short term and
long term). Studies of mould, yeast, bacteria and enzymes and their role in spoilage of fruits and
vegetables. Preparation of juices, squashes, cordial, syrup, jam, jelly, marmalades, murabba, pickles,
chutney, sauces, ketchup and fruit candy. Dehydration of fruits and vegetables. Study of canning and
bottling of fruits and vegetables. Spoilage of canned products causes and remedies. Study of fermented
products. Estimation of vitamin-C, acidity and T.S.S. Visit to commercial canning factory and
dehydration plants.

Hort. 8.6 Farm Forestry and Social Forestry

(1+1=2)
 Theory

Definition, importance and scope of farm forestry and social forestry in India and state.
Classification of farm forestry systems. Desirable characteristics of farm forestry tree species, including
MPTS. Seed procurement and nursery management. Farm forestry techniques. Manipulation of tree
component in farm forestry viz., Beating, thinning, prunning, lopping, pollarding, coppicing.
Environmental factors in relation to farm forestry development. Management practices of commercial
cultivated forest tree species like teak, bamboo, Eucalyptus, Casuarina and white teak. Concept of social
forestry in people participation, its importance in relation to environment and aesthetic value. Different
places for social forestry. Planting methods and its maintenance of social forestry tree species. Desirable
characteristics of social forestry tree species.

Practical.

Identification of farm forestry trees and social forestry trees. Preparation of seedbeds and seed
sowing. Filling of bags and picking out of seedling and nursery management. Seed collection and
identification of seeds. Planting of farm forestry and social forestry tree species. Pruning and training of
tree species. Canopy management in social forestry. Measurement of circumference, height, diameter and
bark thickness of trees. Visit to field of farm forestry and social forestry.

AGRICULTURAL BOTANY, GENETICS, PLANT BREEDING AND ECOLOGY

Ag.Bot.1.1 Botany of Field Crops (2+1 =3)

Theory

Introduction to Botany, its various branches and their relationship with other sciences.
Morphology of leaf, stem, root, flower, fruit and seed with specific reference to crop plants. Pollination,
its types and mechanisms of seed dispersal. Taxonomic status of different crop plants. Economic
importance of crop plants. Description of the important crop namely wheat, rice, bajra, maize, sugarcane,
groundnut, mustard, castor, cotton, pigeonpea, chickpea, mungbean, tomato and bottleguard.

Practical

Practical demonstration of leaf, stem and root modifications. Study of pollen viability and
germination. Anatomy of floral structures. Study of different plant classification systems. Study of
families -Dicots : Leguminoceae. (Fabaceae), Umbellifereae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae, Compositeae,
Euphorbiaceae, Cucubitaceae; Monocots : Gramineae (Poaceae), Liliaceae

Ag. Bot. 2.2 Elements of Genetics (2+1=3)

Theory

Cell division. Structure of chromosome and types. Structural and numerical changes of
chromosome. Mendelian inheritance. Gene interaction. Multiple allelism. Linkage and crossing over.
Qualitative and quantitative inheritance. Sex determination. Cytoplasmic inheritance and significance of
male sterility in crop plants. Nucleic acids and their structure. Genetic code and protein synthesis.
Mutation. Incompatibility. Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. Introduction to genetic engineering.

Practical

Study of mitosis and meiosis through preparation of temporary and permanent slides. Practical
demonstration of sporogenesis, gametogenesis, fertilization and embryogenesis. Problems on Mendelian
inheritance, probability, chi-square test, gene interactions, quantitative inheritance and linkage. Practical
demonstration of plant DNA isolation.

Ag. Bot. 3.3 Principles of Plant Breeding (2+ 1 =3)

Theory
Introduction and relationship of plant breeding with other sciences. History and achievements.
Mode of reproduction in crop plants. Evolution of cultivated plants and its genetic basis. Centres of origin
and their importance. Maintenance of germplasm. Breeding methods for self and cross pollinated crops.
Pure line, mass selection, Hybridization-Pedigree and back cross methods. Bulk population and SSD
method. Heterosis and inbreeding depression. Recurrent selection. Synthetic hybrids and composite
varieties. Influence of incompatibility and sterility on breeding methodology. Mutation breeding and
polyploidy. Breeding asexually propagated crops. Breeding for biotic and abiotic stresses. Non-
conventional approaches for crop improvement.

Practical

Reproduction in crop plants. Techniques of selfing and crossing in crop plant. Maintenance of
plant breeding records. Demonstration of variability in segregating generations. Procedure for release of
varieties/hybrids. Methods of conserving germplasm. Registration of germplasm and varieties. Visit to
various research stations of the zone.

Ag. Bot. 4.4 Breeding of Field Crops

(1+1=2)

Theory

Breeding cereal crops; paddy, wheat, sorghum, bajra and maize. Breeding pulse crops; mungbean
and pigeonpea. Breeding oil seed crops; castor, groundnut and mustard. Breeding cash crops; cotton and
sugarcane. Breeding forage crops. Breeding vegetable crops.

Practical

Preparation of flowers for selfing and crossing in available crops. Acquaintance with important
crop varieties/ hybrids, male sterile and pistillate lines. Visit to crop research stations of the state.

Ag. Bot. 5.5 Environmental Sciences and Agro-Ecology (1+1=2)

Theory

Introduction to plant ecology and relationship with other sciences. Basic concept and
explanation of certain ecological terms. Ecological factors-climatic, topographic, edaphic and biotic
affecting the plant growth and development. Classification and characteristics of plants based on
habitat. Agro-ecosystem and its comparison with other eco-systems and flow of energy. Pollution of
soil, water and air and their effects on agriculture and forestry. Plants as bio-indicators of pollution.
Pollution control in agriculture and remedial measures. Ecological optimum in relation to crop
production. Management of natural resources with relation to sustainable agriculture. Conservation of
endangered flora.

Practical

Determination of size and minimum number of quadrates for biomass study. To study the
community through quadrates method. To study the vegetation by line transect method. To study the
vegetation by point frame method. To study the vegetation by- physiognomic method. Study of root
canopy of selected cereals and legumes under varying soil types. Study of biomass and harvest index of
certain. improved and local cultivars. Study of hydrophytes, mesophytes and xerophytes. Acquaintance
with air, soil and water pollution measuring equipment. Visit to different types of agro-ecosystems. Field
demonstration of different types of pollution.

Ag. Bot. 6.6 Principles of Seed Technology (2+1=3)

Theory

Introduction, aims and role of seed technology. Characteristics of good seed. Genetical principles
of seed production. Classes of seed, maintenance of nucleus and breeder seed. Seed production techniques
in self and cross pollinated crops. Seed certification. Seed legislation, enforcement and quality control.
Hybrid seed production programme in rice, sorghum, bajra, cotton, castor, pigeonpea, sunflower and
vegetable crops. Intellectual property rights, plant breeder's and farmer's rights. Seed processing, storage
and marketing. Seed health.

Practical

Seed sampling. Seed testing for viability (germination and tetrazolium test), physical purity, seed
moisture, genetic purity (grow out test) and seed health. Seed dormancy and methods to overcome it.
Seed certification and field standards for important crops. Methods of field inspection for seed
certification. Varietal identification through morphological and biochemical parameters. Visit to seed
production plot, seed testing laboratory and seed processing unit.

Ag. Bot. 8.7 Plant Biotechnology

(1+1=2)

Theory
Introduction and application of biotechnology in agriculture and forestry. Various techniques of
plant tissue culture such as cell culture, micropropagation, meristem culture, anther culture, embryo
culture, somaclonal variation, protoplast isolation, culture and fusion, cryopreservation and their
applications. Restriction enzymes and introduction to various blotting techniques such as Southern,
Northern and Western blotting. Genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology. Vectors for
gene transfer, direct and indirect methods of gene transfer, methods of gene cloning and transgenic
plants. RFLP, PCR, Construction of genomic library and DNA cloning.

Practical

Nutritional requirements for plant tissue culture, types of media and their preparation.
Sterilization methods and inoculation. Micropropagation of plants using different ex-plants. Meristem
culture and disease free plants. Techniques of culturing callus and suspensions. Anther culture. Protoplast
isolation and fusion. Isolation of Plant DNA. DNA restriction and electrophoresis. Demonstration of PCR.
Visit to biotechnology laboratory

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

PI. Physio. 2.1 Elementary Crop Physiology (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Introduction to crop physiology. Physiological aspects of growth in relation to yield. Physiology

of flowering. Physiological improvement in crop plants. Physiology of plant growth regulators and their
utility in agriculture. Biotic and abiotic stresses and their effects on crop productivity and corrective
measures. Water relation of crop plants including absorption, translocation, transpiration and water used
efficiency. Photosynthesis in C3, C4 and CAM plant species and their productivity. Introduction to plant
tissue culture. Physiology of seed dormancy.

Practical

Preparation of solutions. Imbibition of seeds by weight and volume method. Measurement of leaf
area. Growth analysis - calculation of growth parameters. Abiotic stress symptoms in crop plants.
Measurement of water status in plant organs. Measurement of photosynthesis. Stomatal frequency and
index. Absorption spectrum of chlorophyll pigments. Anatomy of C3 and C4 plants. Effect of GA3 on
plant growth.

AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY

Ag. Ento. 3.1 Fundamentals of Entomology (2+ 1 =3)

Theory
Introduction, position of insect in Animal Kingdom, important characters of phylum Arthropoda
and its classification upto class, dominance of insects in animal kingdom, economic importance of insect
in agriculture, general organization of an insect body, body wall, its structure and function, moulting,
structure of head, thorax and abdomen and its appendages and sense organs, metamorphosis, elementary
knowledge of structure and function of digestive, excretory, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and
reproductive system, classification of insects.

Practical
Method of insect collection and preservation, segmentation and appendages of grass hopper,
dissection of mouth parts of cockroach and red cotton bug, study of external characters of important
orders of class Insecta, submission of well preserved collection of insects of different orders.
Ag. Ento. 4.2 Principles of Insect Control
(2+1=3)

Theory
 Definition and types of insect pests, principles and methods of pest control viz., physical,
mechanical, cultural, biological, genetic control, chemical and legal control, Formulation of insecticides,
modem approaches of insect control like use of botanicals, antifeedant, repellent, pheromone, hormone
etc., Introduction to plant protection equipment.

Practical

Calculation and preparation of spray fluid, study of different parts of important types of sprayers,
nozzles, dusters and its demonstration in field, precaution for storage and safe handling of pesticides, first
aid precaution and antidote for pesticide poisoning, preparation of poison baits for rodent, fruit fly and
crab.

Ag. Ento. 5.3 Crop Pests (2+ 1

=3)

Theory

Definition and types of pests, Details of marks of identification, host range, nature of damage, life
history and management of important pests of field crops, vegetables and fruit trees, plantation crops and
stored grain pests.

Practical

Field visit to identify damaging stages of important pests and their nature of damage, collection
and identification of adult and damaging stages of important pests species. Submission of properly
preserved, well arranged and labelled specimens of important pests and album of plant material damaged
by insects, mites and pests.

Ag. Ento. 6.4 Integrated Pest Management (2+1=3)

Theory

Factors affecting .insect pest outbreak, ecological basis of pest management. Component/tools
of pest management. Modem approaches for pest management and their integration with conventional
methods. Methods of pest surveillance and forecasting, ETL base plant protection. Various techniques
of conservation of bio-agents in field crops, economics and limitations of pest management, IPM
programmes for cotton, sugarcane, groundnut, tobacco, castor, mustard, rice, pigeon pea, chickpea etc.
considering the agroclimatic zone.

Practical

Pest surveillance methods, estimation of crop losses, field demonstration of various tools of IPM
viz., seed treatment, different types of traps etc. Field visit of IPM demonstration block of important
crops. Techniques of mass rearing and field releases of important bio-agents.

Ag. Ento. 8.5 Introduction to Bee Keeping and Sericulture (0+1=1)

Practical

Identification of different species of honeybee. Preliminary study of morphology and anatomy of

honeybee, their castes. Rearing and seasonal management of honeybee colony. Enemies and diseases of
honeybee. Equipment for commercial rearing of silkworm, harvesting of cocoon and post harvest
processes. Identification of diseases and enemies of silkworm. Economics of bee keeping and silkworm
rearing as profession. Visit to an apiary and sericulture unit.

Ag. Ento. 8.6 Plant Clinic

(0+1=1)

Practical

Diagnosis and control of plant disorders; pests; diseases; nutrient deficiencies and toxicity; salt
and water stress; harmful effects of submergence; phytotoxicity due to pesticides, herbicides and
fertilizers. Environmental stresses and weed problem.

PLANT PATHOLOGY

PI. Path. 2.1 Introductory Plant Pathology and Nematology (2+

1=3)

Theory

History and economic importance of plant pathology and nematology. Nature, structure, nutrition
and reproduction of fungi. Classification of fungi in general with due emphasis to plant pathogenic genera
and their life cycle i.e. Pythium, Phytophthora, Sclerospora, Claviceps, Erysiphe, Puccinia, Ustilago and
Alternaria. General morphology and characteristics of plant parasitic nematodes feeding habits and nature
of damage and life cycle of root-knot nematode in detai1. Symptomatology, causes and classification of
plant diseases, dissemination and survival of plant pathogens.

Practical

Isolation of plant pathogens (bacteria/fungi) from diseased tissues and pathogenicity test (Koch's
postulates). Methods of preservation of diseased specimens (Dry and wet preservation). Study of
mycelium, asexual and sexual reproductive structures of fungi. Sampling and extraction of nematodes
from soil and host tissues. Rating for fungal and nematode diseases.

PI. Path. 3.2 Crop Diseases-I (1 +1

=2)

Theory

Occurrence, economic importance, symptoms, favourable weather conditions and management of

important diseases of bajra, sorghum, wheat, rice, maize, groundnut, sesamum, mustard, castor, cotton,
tobacco, sugarcane and turmeric.

Practical

Field visit to study different diseases of above mentioned crops at regular intervals. Microscopic
examination of diseased specimens and their diagnosis. Collection and dry preservation of diseased
specimens and submission of disease album.

PI. Path. 4.3 Crop Disease-II

(1+1=2)

Theory

Occurrence, economic importance, symptoms, favourable weather conditions and management of

important diseases of brinjal, chilli, tomato, potato, c1usterbean, pigeon pea, chickpea, cumin, okra,
cucurbits, banana, mango, papaya and citrus.

Practical

Field visit to study., different diseases of above mentioned crops at regular intervals. Microscopic
examination of diseased specimens and their diagnosis. Collection and dry preservation of diseased
specimens and submission of disease album.

PI. Path. 5.4 Plant Disease Management (2+ 1

=3)

Theory

Significance of plant disease management. Principles viz., avoidance, exclusion, eradication,

protection and host resistance and methods of disease management with due emphasis on integrated
disease management (IDM) and disease forecasting. Types, history, chemistry, mode of action and
compatibility of different fungicides. Tolerance to pesticides. Precaution in handling and storage of
pesticides.

Practical

Preparation of Bordeaux mixture, Bordeaux paste and different concentrations of fungicides.

Methods of application of various fungicides. Evaluation of fungicides in vitro and in vivo. Types and use
of plant protection appliances.

PI. Path. 8.5 Mushroom Culture

 (0+1=1)

Practical

Pure culture and spawn production of mushroom and their maintenance. Mushroom culture
technology. Post harvest handling of mushroom. Preparation and pasteurization of different substrates and
filling the beds/containers for growing mushroom. Sterilization/disinfection of substrate, mushroom
house, equipment etc.

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS

Ag. Econ. 2.1 Introduction to Agricultural Economics (2+

1=3)

Theory

Meaning of economics and its definition. Basic economic concepts, goods, wealth, value,
welfare, money, standard of living and consumers surplus. Wants and its classification. Utility, law of
diminishing marginal utility. Meaning and types of demand and supply, factors affecting the demand.
Price determination under different market situations.
Meaning, scope and importance of agricultural economics, difference between agricultural
economics and industrial economics. Factors of production viz; land, labour, capital and organization.
Agricultural land and its utilization. Size of holding and land reforms. System of farming. Problems of
Indian agriculture. Causes of low production and steps for improvement.
Agricultural labour - its meaning, types of labour, factors affecting the efficiency of the labour.
Agricultural capital- meaning, types and capital formation in agriculture.

Practical

Law of diminishing marginal utility. Law of equi-marginal utility. Elasticity of demand and its
measurement. Elasticity of supply and its measurement. Consumer's surplus. Law of demand and supply.
Indifference curve. Forms of different organizations and their working.

Ag. Econ. 3.2 Farm Management Economics

(1+1=2)

Theory

Farm Management - meaning scope, importance and functions. Farm management decisions.
Characteristics of farm management. Factor-factor, factor-product and product - product relationships.
Principles of variable proportions. Cost concepts viz., fixed cost, variable cost, average cost, marginal
cost. Cost A1, Cost A2, Cost B, Cost C1 and Cost C2. Farm planning - meaning, needs, tools and
technique. Different steps in Farm Planning. Farm budgeting - meaning, types. Linear programming,
meaning and its assumptions. Characteristics of good farm plan.
Practical

Calculation of cost of production of regional principal crops. Preparation of, partial budgets.
Three stages of production function. Relationship between TP, AP and MP. Law of equi-marginal return.
Law of variable proportion. Law of least cost combination. Linear programming: frame work assumptions
and application (Graphic method).

Ag. Econ. 5.3 Agricultural Marketing, Export and Co-operation (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Agricultural Marketing, meaning. Definition and its importance. Definition of market,

classification of market, market structure. Marketing functions and agencies, price spread, marketing cost.
Marketable and marketed surplus. Problems / defects in agricultural marketing in India and measure to
solve the problems. Legislation on various aspects of Agricultural marketing. Regulated market -
meaning, objectives and functions. Co-operative marketing - meaning, functions. Government
intervention in Agril. Marketing. Marketing institutions - their roles, functions, NAFED, Food
Corporation of India. Marketing efficiency. Agricultural price policy in India. Commission on agricultural
cost and prices.

Meaning, scope of export of Agricultural commodity, its quality control, packing, grading and
transportation. Pricing in export. Agril. co-operation - meaning, principles, Recent development in Agril.
co-operation, co-operative organization, co-operative credit societies.
 Practical

Computation of marketing cost, margin and producer's share in consumer's rupee. To work out
marketing efficiency. Marketing channels for food grains, milk, flowers and oilseeds. Estimation of
marketable surplus, marketed surplus. To study seasonal variation in price arid arrivals. To study the
market integration horizontal and vertical. To study the arrivals and prices relationships. To visit the
regulated market and co-operative marketing organization.

Ag. Econ. 8.4 Agricultural Finance, Business Management and Trade

(2+1=3)

Theory

Meaning and subject matter of agricultural finance and its importance. Role of credit in
agriculture and rural development. Principles of sound credit system Three R's, and 5C’s of credit. 7P’s of
credit. Credit - meaning, characteristics, classification of credit. Problems of credit, indebtedness and
remedies for removing indebtedness. Estimation of agricultural credit. Role of government in agricultural
finance, rural credit agencies, private, cooperative, Government and their role. Functions of NABARD,
RRBs and Agricultural Finance Corporation. Supervised credit system, crop loan system.
Meaning and importance of Agricultural Business management, factors affecting and decision
making for agricultural business. Farm records and accounts, type of farm records and advantages. Farm
inventory, methods of evaluation. Farm efficiency measures and business decisions. Methods of
calculating depreciation. Net worth statement and income statement.
Meaning of trade, domestic and international trade, terms of trade between agriculture and
industry. Export and import of the different agricultural commodities. WTO - its meaning, objectives and
importance, its impact on agricultural trade.

Practical

Exercise on credit requirement for farm firm. Application of income statement, balance sheet,
budgeting and repayment schedu1es. Economic feasibility test of farm credit proposal. Visit to farmers for
assessing the credit requirement. Visit to an institution dealing in agricultural export. Visit to credit
institution/business organization.

AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION

Ag. Extn. 1.1 Fundamentals of Extension Education and Rural Development (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Extension education - its meaning, definition, importance, scope and objectives. Elements of
extension education. Difference between extension education and other type of education. Principles and
philosophy of extension education. Programme planning - its meaning, definition and importance in
extension education. Steps involved in programme planning process. Essential steps in programme
execution. Important aspects and obstacles in programme execution. Evaluation-its meaning, definition
and importance in extension education. Outline of rural development programmes in India. Detailed study
of contemporary programmes viz., T&V, ATIC, SSK, KVK. Panchyati Raj - Brief history, meaning and
objectives.

Practical

A study of Gram Panchayat. A study of Taluka Panchayat. A study of District Panchayat. A study
of the duties of VLW working under T & V system. A study of the duties of AEO working under T & V
system. A study of. service co-operative society. Evaluation of current extension programme.

Ag. Extn. 2.2 Communication Process

(1+1=2)

Theory

Learning the important concepts, teaching, learning, teaching methods, learning situations,
learning experiences. Elements of learning situations. Outline of principles of learning. Steps in extension
teaching. Extension teaching methods, its meaning, definition and importance in extension teaching.
Classification of extension teaching methods. Factors affecting choice and use of extension teaching
methods. Communication process, its meaning, definition and importance in extension. Key elements of
communication process and its characteristics.
 Practical

Identification of common audio-visual aids. Preparing poster, folder, leaflet, chart, flannel graph
and flash cards. Handling of public address equipment. Conducting Method Demonstration. Visit to
Result Demonstration plot. Organizing and conducting farmers meeting. Conducting exhibition at village
level.

Ag. Extn. 5.3 Adoption and Diffusion of Agricultural Innovations

(1+0=1)

Theory

Meaning and definitions of diffusion and adoption. Elements of diffusion. Stages of adoption
process. Difference between adoption and diffusion process. Types of innovations. Characteristics of
innovations. Categories of adopters and their characteristics. Factors associated with adoption process.
Sources of information useful at different stages of adoption process in rank order.

Ag. Extn. 6.4 Rural Sociology and Educational Psychology (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Meaning, scope, aims, importance and nature of rural sociology. Characteristics of rural society
and elements of rural sociology. Difference between urban and rural society. Sociological concepts:
Society, community, social group, social values, norms, culture, custom, tradition, social process, social
control, social change, family, social status (ascribed, achieved), social institutions, social organization,
social welfare, rural poor, poverty etc. Rural social problems. Rural social institutions (formal/informal).
Leadership - definition, functions, qualities and use of local leaders in extension. Meaning, scope and
objectives of psychology-Importance of educational psychology in extension education. Psychological
concepts: Motivation, emotion, perception, personality, reward etc. Motivation - definition, factors
affecting motivation.

Practical

Socio-economic survey of rural society. Study of rural culture (observation of festival). Study of
rural youth club. Role of local institutions in rural development. Selection of local leaders (study of socio
gram). Occupational pattern in village. Study of group behaviour.

ANIMAL SCIENCE

Ani. Sci. 4.1 Poultry, Sheep, Goat and Fish Production (1+1=2)

Theory

General discussion on origin, domestication and utility of poultry, sheep, goat, fish and their role
in Indian economy. Common terms pertaining to these species. Important breeds of poultry, sheep, goat
and fish. Methods of poultry keeping and housing. Formation of egg. Incubation of eggs and hatchery
management. Rearing/Brooding of chicks. Care, feeding and management including lighting of growers,
layers and broi1er. Nutritive value of poultry eggs and meat. Zonalization of sheep and goat in India.
Classification of sheep according to type of wool they produce. Care, feeding and management including
breeding and housing of various classes of sheep and goat. Fish management - Pond, equipments, feeds,
harvesting and yield. Harvesting and marketing of animal products viz., eggs, wool/hair, fish etc.,
Economics of poultry and fish farming. Project planning, loans and subsidies. Guidelines to set up
fish/hatchery/breeding centre.

Practical

Study of body parts of fowl, sheep, goat and fish. Systems of identification in birds and
sheep/goats. Handling, debeaking and vaccination of birds. Distinguishing layers and non layers.
Formation and structure of egg. Handling and judging of egg quality traits. Judging quality of wool and
hair. Housing systems and equipments for poultry, sheep, goats and fish. Visit to a fishery and a
commercial poultry farm. Construction of fish pond with specifications.

Ani. Sci. 5.2 Dairy Bovine Production and Management (1+1=2)

Theory
 General discussion on origin, domestication and utility of bovines. Importance and co-operative
movements of dairy industry in India. Role of bovines in Indian economy. Livestock production systems.
Common terms pertaining to bovines. Utility classification and description of important breeds of zebu
and exotic cattle and river buffaloes. Introduction and evaluation of bovine feeds and fodders. Feed and
water requirements of dairy bovines. Care, management, feeding and housing of various categories of
dairy animals viz., calves, heifers, cows, bulls and bullocks. Mammary gland, milking and clean milk
production. Introduction to processing, preservation and marketing of milk. Artificial insemination and
breeding policies. Project planning, loans and subsidies. Economics of dairy farming and automization.

Practical

Visit to a dairy farm. Study of body parts of cattle and its importance. Measuring and weighing of
animals. Use of common restraints. Identification and aging in bovines. Judging/Selection of dairy cattle.
Preparing an animal for show. Identification and classification of common feeds and fodders. Silage and
hay making. Calculation of feed and water requirements of bovines. Study of records on dairy farm.
Testing of milk for determination of fat and total solids. Visit to modern commercial dairy plant and cattle
feed factory.

Ani. Sci. 6.3 Animal Diseases

(1+1=2)

Theory

General discussion on animal health and diseases. Signs of health and diseases in livestock.
Classification of animal diseases according to etiology. Introduction to etiology, clinical signs and control
of important diseases of livestock and poultry viz., Viral diseases - Foot and mouth disease, Rinder pest,
Pox, Ephimeral fever, Contagious ecthyma, Marek's disease, Ranikhet disease, Gumboro disease;
Bacterial diseasesMastitis, Haemorrhagic septcemia, Tuberculosis, Johne's disease, Brucellosis, Anthrax,
Black quarter, Pullorum; Protozoan diseases -Coccidiosis, Trypanosomiasis, Theileriasis, Babesiosis;
Fungal diseases - Ring worm, Mycoses; Internal and external parasites of livestock; Nutritional and
metabolic disorders - Rickets, Milk fever, Ketosis, Bloat. Mode of spread of contagious diseases and their
prophylactic measures. Health care; deworming and vaccination calendar. Dipping, spraying, bathing and
use of foot baths. Biosecurity. Sanitation of animal habitats. Disposal of farm wastes and carcasses.

Practical
Recording rectal temperature, pulse and respiration rates. First aid to livestock. Methods of
administration of drugs. Cleaning and disinfection of animal habitats. Disposal of animal excreta and
farm wastes. Observing signs of health and sickness. Sterilization of glasswares, equipments and
instruments. Preparation of samples for disease diagnosis (blood, urine, faeces, pus, mucus etc.).
Vaccination, deworming, dipping schedules. Visit to polyclinic/veterinary dispensary. Demonstration of
lesions/signs of important diseases in livestock.

AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Ag. Stat. 1.1 Introduction to Computer

(1+1=2)

Theory

Definitions of Computer, History of computer, Hardware and Software, Operating system, Use of
packages for documentation, Computation, Graphics etc., Introduction to Internet and E-mail

Practical

Hardware and Software. Operating System. Documentation. Computation. Graphics. Email.

Internet.

Ag. Stat. 2.2 Elements of Statistics (2+ 1 =3)

Theory

Statistics - its meaning, definitions and importance in agriculture, Central tendency and
dispersion, Distributions - normal, binomial and poisson, test of significance - t, Z, F and chi-square, Non
parametric tests - sign test and signed rank test, bivariate population, correlation, rank correlation and
regression. Sampling introduction, simple random, stratified and multistage sampling, sampling vs
census, sampling and nonsampling error.
 Practical

Problems related to topics covered hi theory.

AGRICULTURAL METEOROLOGY

Ag. Met. 6.1 Agricultural Meteorology (2+ 1

=3)

Theory
Characteristics of Earth's atmosphere - Composition, temperature distribution in the atmosphere.
Atmospheric layers. Lapse rates and stability of atmosphere. Circulations in the atmosphere - global
pressure and wind systems. Condensation and precipitation in the atmosphere. Characteristics of Indian
monsoon.
Meaning and scope of Agricultural Meteorology and its relationship with other branches of
Meteorology and Agricultural Sciences. Importance of weather and climate in agricultural production.
Effect of weather parameters on crop growth and development. Microclimate of crops - radiation and
profiles of radiation, temperature, humidity, wind and carbon dioxide in crop canopies. Field
modification. of microclimatetemperature and humidity control. Microclimatic control in glass and
polyhouses. Heat unit concept and its use in planting and harvest scheduling of crops. Concept of evapo-
transpiration and its estimation. Soil water balance and irrigation scheduling. Climatic hazard in crop
production - Droughts and Frosts. Weather forecasting in agriculture. Agro-climatic zones of India in
general and Gujarat in particular.
Practical
Types of Meteorological Observatories, site selection and layout. Study of meteorological
instrument-I - temperature, humidity and wind measuring instruments. Study of meteorological
instruments-II - rainfall, evaporation and sunshine measuring instruments. Management of meteorological
data and their analysis-I-tabulation and calculation of weekly and monthly means. Management of
meteorological data and their analysis- II - calculation of vapour pressure, dewpoint temperature and
relative humidity using psychrometric equation and humidity tables. Management of meteorological data
and their analysis-III - calculation of evapotranspiration using different methods and their interpretation.
Study of instruments for agrometeorological research- lysimeters, net radiometers and solarimeters.

MATHEMATICS
Maths 2.1 Biomathematics
(1+0=1)

Theory
Application of derivatives and partial derivatives in Agriculture: Maximization, Minimization,
Differential equation of first order with specific growth and decay rate and its applications in Agriculture.
Fourier series and its applications in soil heat transfer, water movement etc. Mathematical models used in
Agriculture.

REMOTE SENSING

Remote Sensing 3.1 Remote Sensing Technique in Agriculture (2+1=3)

Theory
History of space imaging, characteristics of space platforms : ANDOSAT, SPOT, IRS, SEASAT,
ERS, JERS, MOS, RADARSTAT etc. Characteristics of sensors. MSS, TM, LISSI II, SPOT PLA &
MLA, NOAA, AVHRR out put from various sensors. Basic principles of Aerial photos. Types of Aerial
photos, scale, ground coverage photographic resolution. Radio metric characters.
Fundamentals of photo grammetry. Principles and basic concepts of remote sensing. Physics of
remote sensing. Effect of atmospheric principles and Geometry of Scanning and CCO arrays. Spectral
reflectance of earth surface. Crop inventory-crop type identification and classification. Area estimation,
crop stress, crop diseases, insect damage identification. Rainfall techniques, Cyclone.

Practical
Stereo test and study of different types of aerial photos. Study of laboratory instruments for
interpretation and mapping. Orientation of stereomodel under mirror stereoscope. Tracing of details from
stereopair. Determination of photo scale. Study of different types of satellite data on different scale. Study
of multispectral data using additive colour viewer. Spectral characteristics of surface features.
 ENGLISH

Eng.1.1 Structural and Spoken English (1+1=2)

Theory
Grammar and usage, particularly in certain remedial areas e.g. basic sentence patterns, concord,
tense-sequence, common error analysis and idiomatic expression etc. Nomenclature of Agriculture.

Practical
Use of Library - Reading comprehension, note-taking, vocabulary building, summing-up.
Commercial and official use of English - noting, correspondence, application and report writing.
Conversational, informal characteristics of spoken English - study of pronunciation.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

P.E. 1.1 Physical Education /NCC/NSS (Non-credit). ( 0+1=1)

Definition, aims, objectives and principles of Physical Education. Definition of tournament, bye
and various types. Drawing lots for fixtures in various tournaments viz., knockout, knockout-cum-league
and league-cum-knock-out. Track and field events such as sprint and throwing. Compulsory participation
in anyone of the games viz., out door games - volleyball, basketball, cricket, football, kabaddi, kho-kho
etc. and indoor games - table tennis, chess and badminton.

Warming up and conditioning exercises are compulsory for each student.

OR
NCC: Introduction and aim of NCC, Military history and organization, system of NCC training. Foot
drill, arm drill, guard of Honour, ceremonial parade, weapon training Rifle, LMG, stem machine carbine.
Field training - field craft, battle craft, fire control order and fire discipline orders tactics.

OR
NSS: NSS historical back ground. Emblem, history, aims and objectives of NSS. NSS volunteer, duties of
NSS volunteers, education and recreation. Programmes for working during emergencies, environment
enrichment and conservation, health, family welfare and, nutrition. programme.

P.E. 2.2 Physical Education/ NCC/NSS (Non-credit) ( 0+1=1)

Definition of single and double league tournaments. Drawing of lots. Indoor games. Importance
of weight and circuit training exercises. Yogasans, Tract and field long distance and jumping events.
Preparation of running track, volleyball and kabaddi field. Knowledge of exercises in Physiotherapy. First
aid and health education.
Warming up and conditioning exercises are compulsory for each student.

OR
NCC: Map readings, civil defence, self defence, first aid, hygiene and sanitation, leadership traits,
adventure training. National integration in India, aim, NI camps, social service- aims, major social
services, Nature awareness/Ecology - Forest, wild life, pollution.
OR
NSS: Production oriented programme, social service programme, Preserving environment from pollution,
other activities to be undertaken depending on local needs and priorities, folk songs and National Integrity
songs, one day camps, annual camp.

RAWE: Rural Agricultural Work Experience (0+20=20)

Detail programme will be worked out later on.