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Prof. David C.S. Li Department of English Hong Kong Institute of Education WEC Workshop 5 December 2009 In this workshop, I will discuss a number of English errors which are commonly found among intermediate Hong Kong Chinese users of English. These errors have one thing in common: they are most likely due to the users knowledge of their first language: (spoken) Cantonese and (written) Chinese. Four error types will be discussed in detail:
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Teacher's Notes Student's Notes Teacher's Notes Student's Notes Teacher's Notes Student's Notes
Independent clause as Snoopy is leaving makes us all Subject very happy. Pseudo-tough movement I am difficult to learn English.
All of the errors are listed in the following website: http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~encrproj/error_types.htm This website contains detailed information about the nature of the errors as well as guidelines to help local teachers and learners to overcome those errors.
Students Notes for WEC Workshop Understanding some common English errors and how to overcome them too + Adj + to + VP
1. Look at the following two sentences. They have the same structure. (i) Mary is too tired to walk. (ii) John is too busy to go to the party. 2. 3. Circle the verb to be and underline the words after the verb to be. The underlined words consist of two smaller units. Draw a line between the two units to separate them and write the two parts in the following table.
4. 5. 6.
used
to
express
Marys
feelings
in
sentence
(i)?
Mary is tired. Can she walk? ______________ Why cant Mary walk? If then i.e. A B = = She is too _________________
too A to B
too A to B NOT/CANNOT B
7. Now, look at sentence (ii). What is the adjective used to express Johns feelings?________________
8. 9.
John is busy. Can he go to the party? ______________________ Why cant John go to the party? __________________________ i.e. too busy to go to the party NOT go to the party
10. Now look at sentence (iii). It has a similar structure as sentences (i) and (ii). (iii) Peter is too happy to see his girlfriend. 11. Underline the words after the verb to be. 12. Separate the underlined words into two units by drawing a line between them. 13. What is the adjective used to express Peters feelings? _________________
14. Peter is happy. Do you think he will see his girlfriend? ________________ 15. Does sentence (iii) have a similar meaning as sentences (i) and (ii)? ______________ 16. The too A to B structure is not appropriately used in sentence (iii). To correct sentence (iii), we can change the word too to very or so. i.e. (iv) Peter is very happy to see his girlfriend. (v) Peter is so happy to see his girlfriend. 17. Now determine whether the following sentences are acceptable and correct the unacceptable ones. e.g. a. John likes chocolates. Correction: _____________________________________________ b. John do not like chocolates. Correction: John does not like chocolates.________________________ a. Ann is too weak to take the suitcase.
Correction: ____________________________________________________________________________
b. , .
____________________________________________________________________________
c. .
____________________________________________________________________________
d. .
____________________________________________________________________________
Why are the sentences wrong? Now let us look at sentence (ii) again. (ii) Snoopy is leaving makes us very happy.
5.
Look at the sentence again. What makes us very happy? _______________________ [ Snoopy is leaving ] makes us very happy.
6. 7.
Do you know the function of Snoopy is leaving in (ii)? Is it a Subject, Direct Object, or an Indirect Object? ________________________ Sentence (ii) is wrong because the Subject Snoopy is leaving is an independent clause, and
Rule of thumb: