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III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. Explain with details, in which situations each of the following cements are used
[4+4+4+4]
2. (a) Define the term ”Bulking of aggregates”? Explain its significance with refer-
ence to concrete making.
(b) Explain the simple field test to determine the bulking of aggregates.
[8+8]
3. (a) Differentiate between the terms creep and shrinkage with reference to hardened
concrete.
(b) Discuss various factors affecting shrinkage of concrete.
[8+8]
[6+4+4]
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Code No: RR310101 Set No. 1
Area of HTS (As ) = 1386mm2
Stress in steeel at transfer (fs ) = 1000N/mm2
Coefficient of friction (µ)=0.25
Correction factor for wobble effect (k) = 0.0015/m. [16]
7. Design a prestressed concrete slab to carry a live load of 10kN/m2 over a span of
16m. Takes losses at 15% . Allowable compressive stress in concrete = 17.5N/mm2
( initially) and 14N/mm2 (final). Allowable tensile stress in concrete 1N/mm2 .
For 7mm dia. Wires allowable tensile stress before losses= 900N/mm2 , while after
losses = 100N/mm2 . Check for stresses. Sketch the cable zone and cable profile.
[16]
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Code No: RR310101 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. “The compressive strength of hardened cement is the most important among its
properties”. Explain the laboratory test to determine the compressive strength of
cement. [16]
2. (a) Distinguish between Aggregate crushing value and Aggregate abrasion value.
(b) Describe Devals Attrition test to determine the abrasion value of coarse ag-
gregate.
[8+8]
3. (a) State Abram’s W/C ratio law and explain the same. How do Feret improve
Abram’s law.
(b) Define the term Gel/space ratio and explain its relation with strength of con-
crete.
[8+8]
4. Design a M20 concrete Mix using IS method of Mix design. Use following data.
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Code No: RR310101 Set No. 2
[16]
(a) Prestressing with a bent tendon having zero eccentricity at ends and max.
eccentricity (e) at mid-span.
(b) Prestressing with a parabolic tendon.
[8+8]
6. (a) A concrete beam of 9m span 120mm wide and 300mm deep is prestressed by
a cable with cross-sectional area of 200mm2 . The cable profile is parabolic
with an eccentricity of 50mm above the centroid of the section at supports
and 50mm below at mid span. If the cable is tensioned from one end only,
estimate the percentage loss of prestress in the cable due to friction. Assume
coefficient of friction as 0.35 and wobble coefficient = 0.0014 per m
(b) A prestressed concrete beam of rectangular section 125mm wide and 300mm
deep is prestressed by 6 wires of 6mm diameter provided at an eccentricity of
50mm. The initial stress in the wires is 1200N/mm2. Find the loss of stress
in steel due to creep of concrete.
Take ES = 210kN/mm2 EC = 30kN/mm2 and creep coefficient = 1.4
[8+8]
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Code No: RR310101 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. (a) “The rate of cooling influences the degree of crystallization and the size of the
crystal of the Clinker”. Explain in detail the above sentence with reference to
manufacture of Portland cement.
(b) Discuss how the quality of Clinker influences the resulting properties of cement.
[8+8]
2. (a) What is specific gravity of aggregates? How is it useful in mix design calcula-
tions of concrete?
(b) Explain the pycnometer test to determine specific gravity of aggregates?
[8+8]
3. (a) State Abram’s W/C ratio law and explain the same. How do Feret improve
Abram’s law.
(b) Define the term Gel/space ratio and explain its relation with strength of con-
crete.
[8+8]
4. Write short notes on:
(a) Weight batching and volume batching.
(b) Absolute volume method of proportioning mixes.
(c) Workability viz-a-viz Durability.
[6+4+4]
5. A prestressed concrete beam 400 mm wide and 620 mm deep has a span of 5.6m.
The beam is prestressed with a tendon as shown in fig.1. The external load on the
beam consists of 200 kN at midspan. The effective prestressing force is 1100 kN.
Calculate the resultant extreme fibre stresses at mid span section. Concrete weighs
25kN/m3 .
[16]
6. (a) A prestressed concrete beam 125mm wide and 325mm deep is prestressed by
a straight wire carrying an initial force of 200kN at an eccentricity of 50mm.
The modulus elasticity of steel and concrete are 210kN/mm2 respectively.
Estimate the percentage loss of steel due to elastic deformation of concrete if
the area of steel wires is 206mm2 . Derive the expression involved.
1 of 2
Code No: RR310101 Set No. 3
Figure 1:
7. A rectangular beam 200 X 450 mm has a span of 10 metres. The prestressing cable
has a trapezoidal cable with zero eccentricity at the ends and 70 mm at one third
span points. The effective prestress is 750kN after all losses. Determine the value
of equal point loads the beam can support at the one third points if the pressure
line passes through the upper kern of the section.
[16]
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Code No: RR310101 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
[4+4+4+4]
2. (a) Define the term ”Bulking of aggregates”? Explain its significance with refer-
ence to concrete making.
(b) Explain the simple field test to determine the bulking of aggregates.
[8+8]
4. Design a M15 Mix with a standard deviation of 3.5 Mpa using ACI method. The
specific gravities of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate are 2.68, 2.72 respectively,
the bulk density of coarse aggregate being 1650 kg/cum. The fineness Modulus
of fine aggregate is 2.90. The water absorption of coarse aggregate is 1% and free
surface moisture in fine aggregate is 1.5%. Assume any other data required suitably.
[16]
5. With the help of neat sketches explain the following methods of prestressing: -
[8+8]
6. A prestressed concrete beam 250mm wide and 320mm deep is prestressed with steel
wires of area 220mm2 provided at an uniform eccentricity of 60mm and subjected to
an initial stress of 1050N/mm2 . The span of the beam is 10m. Find the percentage
loss of stress.
1 of 2
Code No: RR310101 Set No. 4
Shrinkage of concrete = 300x10−6 for pretensioned beam and
(b)
= 210x10−6 for posttensioned beam
)
Ultimate creep strain = 47 × 10−6 mm/mm per Mpa f or pretensioned beam
(c)
of concrete = 28 × 10−6 mm/mm per Mpa f or posttensioned beam
(d) Relaxation of stress in steel = 6 % of the initial stress
(e) Anchorage slip = 0.70 mm
(f) Friction coefficient for wave effect = 0.0014 per m
(g) Coefficient of friction = 0.55 [16]
7. A prestressed concrete beam 200 mm wide and 300 mm deep is used an effective
span of 5m to support an imposed load of 5kN/m. The density of concrete is
24kN/m3 . At the quarter span section of the beam, find the magnitude of
(a) The concentric prestressing force necessary for zero fibre stress at the soffit
when the beam is fully loaded and
(b) The eccentric prestressing force located 100 mm from the bottom of the beam,
which would modify the bottom fibre stress due to loading.
[8+8]
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