!"#$%& ($)*+ ,-./01& 2)-.#).

+ 3$%1
4"55"- 4"$+ 6%)%+ 6%)-*)$*1
7)%+
8)#.&%
4"*+
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ 20%+$)%#$+
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ 20%+$)%#$+
;+< =*+)1 )-* 7+%)0/1
92>?>@ 8efer Lo deLalls and examples ln a LexL when explalnlng whaL Lhe LexL says expllclLly and when
drawlng lnferences from Lhe LexL.
92>?>A ueLermlne a Lheme of a sLory, drama, or poem from deLalls ln Lhe LexL, summarlze Lhe LexL.
92>?>B uescrlbe ln depLh a characLer, seLLlng, or evenL ln a sLory or drama, drawlng on speclflc deLalls
ln Lhe LexL (e.g., a characLer's LhoughLs, words, or acLlons).
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ 20%+$)%#$+
4$):% )-* 6%$#C%#$+
92>?>? ueLermlne Lhe meanlng of words and phrases as Lhey are used ln a LexL, lncludlng Lhose LhaL
allude Lo slgnlflcanL characLers found ln myLhology (e.g., Perculean).
92>?>D Lxplaln ma[or dlfferences beLween poems, drama, and prose, and refer Lo Lhe sLrucLural
elemenLs of poems (e.g., verse, rhyLhm, meLer) and drama (e.g., casLs of characLers, seLLlngs,
descrlpLlons, dlalogue, sLage dlrecLlons) when wrlLlng or speaklng abouL a LexL.
92>?>E Compare and conLrasL Lhe polnL of vlew from whlch dlfferenL sLorles are narraLed, lncludlng
Lhe dlfference beLween flrsL-and Lhlrd-person narraLlons.
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ 20%+$)%#$+
=-%+.$)%0"- ": ;-"F/+*.+ )-* =*+)1
92>?>G Make connecLlons beLween Lhe LexL of a sLory or drama and a vlsual or oral presenLaLlon of
Lhe LexL, ldenLlfylng where each verslon reflecLs speclflc descrlpLlons and dlrecLlons ln Lhe
LexL.
92>?>H !"#$ &''()*&+(, $# ()$,-&$.-,/
92>?>I Compare and conLrasL Lhe LreaLmenL of slmllar Lhemes and Loplcs (e.g., opposlLlon of good
and evll) and paLLerns of evenLs (e.g., Lhe quesL) ln sLorles, myLhs, and LradlLlonal llLeraLure
from dlfferenL culLures.
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ 20%+$)%#$+
9)-.+ ": 9+)*0-. )-* 2+J+/ ": 8+K% 4"5L/+K0%<
92>?>@M 8y Lhe end of Lhe year, read and comprehend llLeraLure, lncludlng sLorles, dramas, and
poeLry, ln Lhe grades 4-3 LexL complexlLy band proflclenLly, wlLh scaffoldlng as needed aL Lhe
hlgh end of Lhe range.
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ =-:"$5)%0"-)/ 8+K%
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ =-:"$5)%0"-)/ 8+K%
;+< =*+)1 )-* 7+%)0/1
9=>?>@ 8efer Lo deLalls and examples ln a LexL when explalnlng whaL Lhe LexL says expllclLly and when
drawlng lnferences from Lhe LexL.
9=>?>A ueLermlne Lhe maln ldea of a LexL and explaln how lL ls supporLed by key deLalls, summarlze
Lhe LexL.
9=>?>B Lxplaln evenLs, procedures, ldeas, or concepLs ln a hlsLorlcal, sclenLlflc, or Lechnlcal LexL,


lncludlng whaL happened and why, based on speclflc lnformaLlon ln Lhe LexL.
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ =-:"$5)%0"-)/ 8+K%
4$):% )-* 6%$#C%#$+
9=>?>? ueLermlne Lhe meanlng of general academlc and domaln-speclflc words or phrases ln a LexL
relevanL Lo a grade 4 Loplc or sub[ecL area.
9=>?>D uescrlbe Lhe overall sLrucLure (e.g., chronology, comparlson, cause/effecL, problem/soluLlon)
of evenLs, ldeas, concepLs, or lnformaLlon ln a LexL or parL of a LexL.
9=>?>E Compare and conLrasL a flrsLhand and secondhand accounL of Lhe same evenL or Loplc,
descrlbe Lhe dlfferences ln focus and Lhe lnformaLlon provlded.
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ =-:"$5)%0"-)/ 8+K%
=-%+.$)%0"- ": ;-"F/+*.+ )-* =*+)1
9=>?>G lnLerpreL lnformaLlon presenLed vlsually, orally, or quanLlLaLlvely (e.g., ln charLs, graphs,
dlagrams, Llme llnes, anlmaLlons, or lnLeracLlve elemenLs on Web pages) and explaln how Lhe
lnformaLlon conLrlbuLes Lo an undersLandlng of Lhe LexL ln whlch lL appears.
9=>?>H Lxplaln how an auLhor uses reasons and evldence Lo supporL parLlcular polnLs ln a LexL.
9=>?>I lnLegraLe lnformaLlon from Lwo LexLs on Lhe same Loplc ln order Lo wrlLe or speak abouL Lhe
sub[ecL knowledgeably.
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1 :"$ =-:"$5)%0"-)/ 8+K%
9)-.+ ": 9+)*0-. )-* 2+J+/ ": 8+K% 4"5L/+K0%<
9=>?>@M 8y Lhe end of Lhe year, read and comprehend lnformaLlonal LexLs, lncludlng hlsLory/soclal
sLudles, sclence, and Lechnlcal LexLs, ln Lhe grades 4-3 LexL complexlLy band proflclenLly, wlLh
scaffoldlng as needed aL Lhe hlgh end of Lhe range.
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1N !"#-*)%0"-)/ 6O0//1
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1N !"#-*)%0"-)/ 6O0//1
P$0-% 4"-C+L%1
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1N !"#-*)%0"-)/ 6O0//1
P&"-"/".0C)/ 3F)$+-+11
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1N !"#-*)%0"-)/ 6O0//1
P&"-0C1 )-* Q"$* 9+C".-0%0"-
9!>?>B know and apply grade-level phonlcs and word analysls skllls ln decodlng words.
a. use comblned knowledge of all leLLer-sound correspondences, syllablcaLlon paLLerns,
and morphology (e.g., rooLs and afflxes) Lo read accuraLely unfamlllar mulLlsyllablc
words ln conLexL and ouL of conLexL.
9+)*0-. 6%)-*)$*1N !"#-*)%0"-)/ 6O0//1
!/#+-C<
9!>?>? 8ead wlLh sufflclenL accuracy and fluency Lo supporL comprehenslon.
a. 8ead on-level LexL wlLh purpose and undersLandlng.
b. 8ead on-level prose and poeLry orally wlLh accuracy, approprlaLe raLe, and expresslon
on successlve readlngs.
c. use conLexL Lo conflrm or self-correcL word recognlLlon and undersLandlng, rereadlng
as necessary.
Q$0%0-. 6%)-*)$*1
Q$0%0-. 6%)-*)$*1
8+K% 8<L+1 )-* P#$L"1+1


Q>?>@ WrlLe oplnlon pleces on Loplcs or LexLs, supporLlng a polnL of vlew wlLh reasons and
lnformaLlon.
a. lnLroduce a Loplc or LexL clearly, sLaLe an oplnlon, and creaLe an organlzaLlonal
sLrucLure ln whlch relaLed ldeas are grouped Lo supporL Lhe wrlLer's purpose.
b. rovlde reasons LhaL are supporLed by facLs and deLalls.
c. Llnk oplnlon and reasons uslng words and phrases (e.g., for lnsLance, ln order Lo, ln
addlLlon).
d. rovlde a concludlng sLaLemenL or secLlon relaLed Lo Lhe oplnlon presenLed.
Q>?>A WrlLe lnformaLlve/explanaLory LexLs Lo examlne a Loplc and convey ldeas and lnformaLlon
clearly.
a. lnLroduce a Loplc clearly and group relaLed lnformaLlon ln paragraphs and secLlons,
lnclude formaLLlng (e.g., headlngs), lllusLraLlons, and mulLlmedla when useful Lo
aldlng comprehenslon.
b. uevelop Lhe Loplc wlLh facLs, deflnlLlons, concreLe deLalls, quoLaLlons, or oLher
lnformaLlon and examples relaLed Lo Lhe Loplc.
c. Llnk ldeas wlLhln caLegorles of lnformaLlon uslng words and phrases (e.g., anoLher, for
example, also, because).
d. use preclse language and domaln-speclflc vocabulary Lo lnform abouL or explaln Lhe
Loplc.
e. rovlde a concludlng sLaLemenL or secLlon relaLed Lo Lhe lnformaLlon or explanaLlon
presenLed.
Q>?>B WrlLe narraLlves Lo develop real or lmaglned experlences or evenLs uslng effecLlve Lechnlque,
descrlpLlve deLalls, and clear evenL sequences.
a. CrlenL Lhe reader by esLabllshlng a slLuaLlon and lnLroduclng a narraLor and/or
characLers, organlze an evenL sequence LhaL unfolds naLurally.
b. use dlalogue and descrlpLlon Lo develop experlences and evenLs or show Lhe
responses of characLers Lo slLuaLlons.
c. use a varleLy of LranslLlonal words and phrases Lo manage Lhe sequence of evenLs.
d. use concreLe words and phrases and sensory deLalls Lo convey experlences and
evenLs preclsely.
e. rovlde a concluslon LhaL follows from Lhe narraLed experlences or evenLs.
Q$0%0-. 6%)-*)$*1
P$"*#C%0"- )-* 701%$0R#%0"- ": Q$0%0-.
Q>?>? roduce clear and coherenL wrlLlng ln whlch Lhe developmenL and organlzaLlon are
approprlaLe Lo Lask, purpose, and audlence (Crade-speclflc expecLaLlons for wrlLlng Lypes are
deflned ln sLandards 1-3 above.)
Q>?>D WlLh guldance and supporL from peers and adulLs, develop and sLrengLhen wrlLlng as needed
by plannlng, revlslng, and edlLlng. (LdlLlng for convenLlons should demonsLraLe command of
Language sLandards 1-3 up Lo and lncludlng grade 4.)
Q>?>E WlLh some guldance and supporL from adulLs, use Lechnology, lncludlng Lhe lnLerneL, Lo
produce and publlsh wrlLlng as well as Lo lnLeracL and collaboraLe wlLh oLhers, demonsLraLe
sufflclenL command of keyboardlng skllls Lo Lype a mlnlmum of one page ln a slngle slLLlng.
Q$0%0-. 6%)-*)$*1
9+1+)$C& %" S#0/* )-* P$+1+-% ;-"F/+*.+
Q>?>G ConducL shorL research pro[ecLs LhaL bulld knowledge Lhrough lnvesLlgaLlon of dlfferenL
aspecLs of a Loplc.


Q>?>H 8ecall relevanL lnformaLlon from experlences or gaLher relevanL lnformaLlon from prlnL and
dlglLal sources, Lake noLes and caLegorlze lnformaLlon, and provlde a llsL of sources.
Q>?>I uraw evldence from llLeracy or lnformaLlonal LexLs Lo supporL analysls, reflecLlon, and
research.
a. Apply grade 4 8eadlng sLandards Lo llLeraLure (e.g., uescrlbe ln depLh a characLer,
seLLlng or evenL ln a sLory or drama, drawlng on speclflc deLalls ln Lhe LexL [e.g., a
characLer's LhoughLs, words, or acLlons].").
b. Apply grade 4 8eadlng sLandards Lo lnformaLlonal LexLs (e.g., Lxplaln how an auLhor
uses reasons and evldence Lo supporL parLlcular polnLs ln a LexL.").
Q$0%0-. 6%)-*)$*1
9)-.+ ": Q$0%0-.
Q>?>@M WrlLe rouLlnely over exLended Llme frames (Llme for research, reflecLlon, and revlslon) and
shorLer Llme frames (a slngle slLLlng or a day or Lwo) for a range of dlsclpllne-speclflc Lasks,
purposes, and audlences.
6L+)O0-. )-* 201%+-0-. 6%)-*)$*1
6L+)O0-. )-* 201%+-0-. 6%)-*)$*1
4"5L$+&+-10"- )-* 4"//)R"$)%0"-
62>?>@ Lngage effecLlvely ln a range of collaboraLlve dlscusslons (one-on-one, ln groups, and Leacher-
led) wlLh dlverse parLners on grade 4 Loplcs and LexLs, bulldlng on oLhers' ldeas and
expresslng Lhelr own clearly.
a. Come Lo dlscusslons prepared, havlng read or sLudled requlred maLerlal, expllclLly
draw on LhaL preparaLlon and oLher lnformaLlon known abouL Lhe Loplc Lo explore
ldeas under dlscusslon.
b. lollow agreed-upon rules for dlscusslons and carry ouL asslgned roles.
c. ose and respond Lo speclflc quesLlons Lo clarlfy or follow up on lnformaLlon, and
make commenLs LhaL conLrlbuLe Lo Lhe dlscusslon and llnk Lo Lhe remarks of oLhers.
d. 8evlew Lhe key ldeas expressed and explaln Lhelr own ldeas and undersLandlng ln
llghL of Lhe dlscusslon.
62>?>A araphrase porLlons of a LexL read aloud or lnformaLlon presenLed ln dlverse medla and
formaLs, lncludlng vlsually, quanLlLaLlvely, and orally.
62>?>B ldenLlfy Lhe reasons and evldence a speaker provldes Lo supporL parLlcular polnLs.
6L+)O0-. )-* 201%+-0-. 6%)-*)$*1
P$+1+-%)%0"- ": ;-"F/+*.+ )-* =*+)1
62>?>? 8eporL on a Loplc or LexL, Lell a sLory, or recounL an experlence ln an organlzed manner, uslng
approprlaLe facLs and relevanL, descrlpLlve deLalls Lo supporL maln ldeas or Lhemes, speak
clearly aL an undersLandable pace.
62>?>D Add audlo recordlngs and vlsual dlsplays Lo presenLaLlons when approprlaLe Lo enhance Lhe
developmenL of maln ldeas or Lhemes.
62>?>E ulfferenLlaLe beLween conLexLs LhaL call for formal Lngllsh (e.g., presenLlng ldeas) and
slLuaLlons where lnformal dlscourse ls approprlaLe (e.g., small-group dlscusslon), use formal
Lngllsh when approprlaLe Lo Lask and slLuaLlon. (See grade 4 Language sLandards 1 and 3 for
speclflc expecLaLlons.)
2)-.#).+ 6%)-*)$*1
2)-.#).+ 6%)-*)$*1
4"-J+-%0"-1 ": 6%)-*)$* ,-./01&


2>?>@ uemonsLraLe command of Lhe convenLlons of sLandard Lngllsh grammar and usage when
wrlLlng or speaklng.
a. use relaLlve pronouns (who, whose, whom, whlch, LhaL) and relaLlve adverbs (where,
when, why).
b. lorm and use Lhe progresslve (e.g., l was walklng, l am walklng, l wlll be walklng) verb
Lenses.
c. use modal auxlllarles (e.g., can, may, musL) Lo convey varlous condlLlons.
d. Crder ad[ecLlves wlLhln senLences accordlng Lo convenLlonal paLLerns (e.g., a small
red bag raLher Lhan a red small bag).
e. lorm and use preposlLlonal phrases.
f. roduce compleLe senLences, recognlzlng and correcLlng lnapproprlaLe fragmenLs and
run-ons.
g. CorrecLly use frequenLly confused words (e.g., Lo, Loo, Lwo, Lhere, Lhelr).
2>?>A uemonsLraLe command of Lhe convenLlons of sLandard Lngllsh caplLallzaLlon, puncLuaLlon,
and spelllng when wrlLlng.
a. use correcL caplLallzaLlon.
b. use commas and quoLaLlon marks Lo mark dlrecL speech and quoLaLlons from a LexL.
c. use a comma before a coordlnaLlng con[uncLlon ln a compound senLence.
d. Spell grade-approprlaLe words correcLly, consulLlng references as needed.
2)-.#).+ 6%)-*)$*1
;-"F/+*.+ ": 2)-.#).+
2>?>B use knowledge of language and lLs convenLlon s when wrlLlng, speaklng, readlng, or llsLenlng.
a. Choose words and phrases Lo convey ldeas preclsely.
b. Choose puncLuaLlon for effecL.
c. ulfferenLlaLe beLween conLexLs LhaL call for formal Lngllsh (e.g., presenLlng ldeas) and
slLuaLlons where lnformal dlscourse ls approprlaLe (e.g., small-group dlscusslon).
2)-.#).+ 6%)-*)$*1
T"C)R#/)$< 3CU#010%0"- )-* V1+
2>?>? ueLermlne or clarlfy Lhe meanlng of unknown and mulLlple-meanlng words and phrases
based on grade 4 readlng and conLenL, chooslng flexlbly from a range of sLraLegles.
a. use conLexL (e.g., deflnlLlons, examples, or resLaLemenLs ln LexL) as a clue Lo Lhe
meanlng of a word or phrase.
b. use common, grade-approprlaLe Creek and LaLln afflxes and rooLs as clues Lo Lhe
meanlng of a word (e.g., Lelegraph, phoLograph, auLograph).
c. ConsulL reference maLerlals (e.g., dlcLlonarles, glossarles, Lhesauruses), boLh prlnL and
dlglLal, Lo flnd Lhe pronunclaLlon and deLermlne or clarlfy Lhe preclse meanlng of key
words and phrases.
2>?>D uemonsLraLe undersLandlng of flguraLlve language, word relaLlonshlps, and nuances ln word
meanlng.
a. Lxplaln Lhe meanlng of slmple slmlles and meLaphors (e.g., as preLLy as a plcLure) ln
conLexL.
b. 8ecognlze and explaln Lhe meanlng of common ldloms, adages, and proverbs.
c. uemonsLraLe undersLandlngs of words by relaLlng Lhem Lo Lhelr opposlLes (anLonyms)
and Lo words wlLh slmllar buL noL ldenLlcal meanlngs (synonyms).


2>?>E Acqulre and use accuraLely grade-approprlaLe general academlc and domaln-speclflc words
and phrases, lncludlng Lhose LhaL slgnal preclse acLlons, emoLlons, or sLaLes of belng (e.g.,
qulzzed, whlned, sLammered) and LhaL are baslc Lo a parLlcular Loplc (e.g., wlldllfe,
conservaLlon, and endangered when dlscusslng anlmal preservaLlon).
CopyrlghL 2010. naLlonal Covernors AssoclaLlon CenLer for 8esL racLlces and Councll of Chlef SLaLe School
Cfflcers. All rlghLs reserved.