Gerund, Participle, Or Infinitive?

Definition: A verbal is a verb form used as another part of speech. There are 3 types of verbals: Gerunds, Participles, and Infinitives. We are oin to ta!e each of these separately in these "or!sheets. We are also oin to have sheets for both reco ni#in the verbal by itself and then as a verbal phrase. This "or!sheet is $ust on reco ni#in erunds. Gerund: a verb form ending in -ing (present participle) used as a noun. Thus it can be in the position of sub ect, direct ob ect, ob ect of the preposition, or predicate noun. !"amples# $ub ect - %eading is m& favorite activit&. 'irect Ob ect - I en o& reading. Ob ect of the Preposition - %ain& da&s are good da&s for reading. Predicate (oun - )& favorite sub ect is reading. %emember this# * +ord ending in -ing can be either a verb, a participle or a gerund. To determine +hich one it is, &ou must determine ho+ it is used in the sentence. 'o these steps# ,) -ind the simple sub ect and simple predicate. .) If the -ing form of the verb is not part of the simple predicate (verb), then determine ho+ it is used in the sentence. Is it in a noun position? Then it is a gerund. If it is used as an ad ective, then it +ill be a participle. !"ample# /ill and Ton& are running. *re running is the verb in this sentence. /ill and Ton& en o& running. %unning is a gerund, a direct ob ect of the action verb, en o&. The running +ater overflo+ed. %unning is a participle (ad ective) modif&ing the noun, +ater. (o+ it is &our turn to find the gerunds. 0oo1 for the verb form ending in -ing. Then decide ho+ that form is used. If it is used as a noun, then it is a gerund. !"ercise 'irections# 2rite do+n the 3ing +ord in each sentence. *fter it, tell ho+ it is being used in the sentence# gerund (sub ect, direct ob ect, predicate noun, or ob ect of the preposition), participle (ad ective), infinitive, or verb phrase. %emember that an& part of speech can be compound, meaning that there can be t+o or more. ,. 4elen en o&s s1etching children. .. $+imming is good e"ercise. 5. !laine and %ita are singing in the chorus tonight. 6. Of all m& interests, I care most about s+imming. 7. Traveling gives one a chance to see man& +onderful sights. 8. * good hobb& for bo&s can be fishing or painting. 9. -e+ things are better for rela"ing than a satisf&ing hobb&. (:*%!-;0 - there is onl& one gerund in this sentence<) =. )an& people find that the& can beat stress b& +al1ing. >. * good hobb& and e"ercise can be s1ating. ,?. @isiting our relatives in a pleasant activit&.

Gerunds and Infinitives Exercises

Put the brac1eted verb into the appropriate gerund or infinitive form and identif& +hich t&pe. !". (tell) The& hesitated to tell her because the& +ere afraid. (smo1e) $he Auit smo1ing. ,. (1ic1) $top BBBBBBBBBBBBBthe ball into the river. .. (fall) The rain 1ept BBBBBBBBBBBBlast night. 5. (pic1) I must go to the pharmac& BBBBBBBBBBBBBup &our prescription. 6. (have) I am BBBBBBBBBBBm& birthda& part& this $aturda&. 7. (+atch) 'o &ou li1e BBBBBBBBBBBB+restling on T.@? 8. (date) *re &ou BBBBBBBBBBBBBthat bo&? 9. (stand) (o one is allo+ed BBBBBBBBBBBBup on this ride. =. (call) $he is BBBBBBBBBBBBout &our name. >. (ma1e) 2ould &ou li1e BBBBBBBBBBBBa ca1e +ith me? ,?. (run) $he en o&s BBBBBBBBBBBBBto school. ,,. (+rite) (o BBBBBBBBBBBon the des1s please. ,.. (sing) 2ould &ou li1e BBBBBBBBBBBB+ith the choir this &ear? Identifyin Gerunds, Participles and Infinitives 'irections# %ead each of the follo+ing sentences to determine +hether the sentence contains a gerund, participle, or infinitive. *t the left of the number, +rite G, P, or I.

,) -acing college standards, the students realiCed that the& hadnDt +or1ed hard enough in high school. .) $+imming in &our pool is al+a&s fun. 5) The college recommends sending applications earl&. 6) )rs. $ears sho+ing more braver& than +isdom invited thirt& bo&s and girls to a part&. 7) To be great is to be true to &ourself and to the highest principles of honor. 8) 4e +on the game b& scoring during the overtime period. 9) Eim is e"pected to program computers at his ne+ ob. =) 4er most important achievement +as +inning the national championship. >) Going to +or1 toda& too1 all m& energ&. ,?) The student left in charge of the class +as unable to 1eep order. ,,) The president +ants to use nuclear energ& for peaceful purposes. ,.) -ighting for a losing cause made them depressed. ,5) Getting up at five, +e got an earl& start. ,6) Telling &our father +as a mista1e. ,7) The cr&ing bo& angered b& the bull& began to fight. ,8) *pplicants must investigate various colleges learning as much as possible about them before appl&ing for admission. ,9) $tatistics reported b& the (ational !ducation *ssociation revealed that sevent& percent of *merican colleges offer remedial !nglish classes emphasiCing composition. ,=) Gathering m& courage, I as1ed for a temporar& loan. ,>) $tarting out as an arm& officer FarenDs father +as freAuentl& transferred. .?) To fight against those odds +ould be ridiculous.