Maxillary

Tooth
Central Incisor Lateral Incisor Canine 1st Premolar 2nd Premolar 1st Molar 2nd Molar
Number of Canals Canal Configuration Avg Length Comments Authors

1 1 1 1(9%), 2(85%) or 3 (6%) 1 (48%), 2 (51%) or 3 (1%) 3 or 4 (>90% have MB2) 1 & 2 (rarely), 3 or 4

I I I I or II I, II or IV I / II / III on MB root I / II / III on MB root

22.5 mm 22.0 mm 27.0 mm 21.0 mm 21.0 mm B 19 mm L 21 mm B 19 mm L 21 mm

Include pulp horns / Lateral accessory canals / Portal of exit may not be at radiographic apex Same as above / Distal apical curvature / Dens in dente / Palato-radicular groove Longest tooth in mouth / Buccal apical dilaceration Mesial root concavity careful with larger Gates / 3 canalled teeth have very thin buccal roots Look for Fast Break Assume 4 canals until disproven / Danger zone on MB root furcation with MB2 / P canal with buccal curvature Canal configuration may be linear instead of triangular / rhomboidal / Fused roots seen

Kasahara et al. Vertucci. Pineda et al Pineda and Kuttler; Vertucci Pineda and Kuttler; Vertucci Carns & Skidmore Vertucci, Seelig and Gillis Stropko. Bone/Moule. Kulild and Peters Kulild and Peters

Guide to Weine Type Configuration: Just remember: I owe you, why? I O U Y

Mandibular
Tooth
Lateral Incisor Canine 1st Premolar 2nd Premolar 1st Molar 2nd Molar
Number of Canals Canal Configuration Avg Length Comments Authors
nd

1 (57%) or 2 (41%) 1 (78%) or 2 (16%) 1 (75%), 2 (24%) or 3 (1%) 1 (98%) or 2 (2%) 2(7%), 3(64%), 4 (29%) or rarely 5 1(1%), 2(4%), 3(81%), 4(11%)

I / II / III I / III I / II / III / IV I / II / IV II / III I / II / III or C-shaped

21.0 mm 25.5 mm 21.5 mm 22.0 mm 21.0 mm 20.0 mm

Expand access lingually searching for 2 canal / Thin mesio-distal dimension Trace down Buccal or Lingual root wall with small file looking for 2nd canal Look for Fast Break / Possible C shape (up to 14%) Watch for mental foramen Danger zone on mesial root furcal area careful with large Gates / Gain straight line access C shape (3-8%) / Ribbon shaped distal canal seen / Most susceptible to root fracture

Benjamin and Dowson Vertucci Vertucci. Baisden et al Vertucci. Zillich & Dowson Skidmore and Bjorndal Weine, Pasiewicz & Rice. Cooke and Cox

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