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Gabriele Martinelli
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Introduction
Why: studying if and eventually how is it possible to integrate this technology with our Bayesian Network model, in order to create a more reliable and trustable network. The project has been suggested by prof. Mukerji, from the the BPSM (Basin and Petroleum System Modeling) group at Stanford.
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Introduction
Petroleum Systems Modeling (PSM) is a vital component of exploration risk assessment and is applicable during all stages of exploration, from frontier basins with no well control to well-explored areas.
Gabriele Martinelli (NTNU) Basin and Petroleum System Modeling December 9th, 2010 3 / 19
Introduction
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PetroMod
What is PetroMod
PetroMod petroleum systems modeling software combines seismic, well, and geological information to model the evolution of a sedimentary basin. PetroMod software will predict if, and how, a reservoir has been charged with hydrocarbons, including the source and timing of hydrocarbon generation, migration routes, quantities, and hydrocarbon type in the subsurface or at surface conditions.
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PetroMod
What is PetroMod
PetroMod petroleum systems modeling software combines seismic, well, and geological information to model the evolution of a sedimentary basin. PetroMod software will predict if, and how, a reservoir has been charged with hydrocarbons, including the source and timing of hydrocarbon generation, migration routes, quantities, and hydrocarbon type in the subsurface or at surface conditions.
1D, 2D, or 3D large-scale geologic petroleum systems models cover areas ranging from a single charge area for a prospect to mega-regional studies of entire basins. The models are dynamic, which means they provide a complete record of the generation, migration, accumulation, and loss of oil and gas in a petroleum system through geologic time. Properties such as gas/oil ratios and API gravities can be analyzed, understood, and predicted.
Gabriele Martinelli (NTNU) Basin and Petroleum System Modeling December 9th, 2010 5 / 19
PetroMod
The simulator
The simulator is the heart of the PetroMod software suite, simulating the entire history of a sedimentary basin from the deposition of the bottom layer onwards.
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PetroMod
The simulator
The simulator is the heart of the PetroMod software suite, simulating the entire history of a sedimentary basin from the deposition of the bottom layer onwards. Petroleum generation: Reaction kinetics, to predict the phases and properties of hydrocarbons generated from source rocks of various types. Adsorption models, to describe the release of generated hydrocarbons into the free pore space of the source rock.
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PetroMod
The simulator
The simulator is the heart of the PetroMod software suite, simulating the entire history of a sedimentary basin from the deposition of the bottom layer onwards. Petroleum generation: Reaction kinetics, to predict the phases and properties of hydrocarbons generated from source rocks of various types. Adsorption models, to describe the release of generated hydrocarbons into the free pore space of the source rock. Petroleum migration: Fluid analysis (Darcy ow, ow path analysis, and invasion percolation.) Source-rock track (risks of charging from dierent source units or areas) Accumulation analysis (gas/oil ratios and API gravities)
Gabriele Martinelli (NTNU) Basin and Petroleum System Modeling December 9th, 2010 6 / 19
PetroMod
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PetroMod
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PetroMod
Layers: sequence of geological layers, deposited in a given stratigraphical event and subdivided into regions of similar facies. (Millions of years)
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PetroMod
Facies: lithological rock type and the organic facies, including quantities such as permeability, compaction parameters, heat capacities, thermal conductivities.
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PetroMod
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PetroMod
Special submodels: fault properties, cementation, thermal calibration parameters, salt movement, erosion, intrusions, uid phase properties, secondary cracking, . . .
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PetroMod
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PetroMod
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PetroMod
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PetroMod
Porosity: primary or secondary pore space or voids within a rock Temperature: distribution with respect to the heat ow history, thermal conductivity of the rocks, and sediment water interface temperature variation through time Vitrinite reectance Transformation Ratio: quantitative transformation ratio related to total organic carbon and production index for source rocks referring to the expulsion of oil and gas Expulsion onset: rst time of expulsion, which depends primarily on heat ow history and assigned kinetics Saturation: relative allotment of oil and/or gas and/or water in the pores of a rock as a percentage of volume.
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PetroMod
Input uncertainty: you can dene uncertainties in the input data and quantify and statistically evaluate their eects on the simulation outcome. Calibration: PetroRisk allows users to dene well data for calibration, evaluate results, and shift desired parameters on the master model to achieve their targets.
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PetroMod
PetroMod 1D, 2D or 3D
PetroMod 1D: It enables single-point data (wells and pseudo-wells) to be constructed from scratch or extracted directly from PetroMod 2D and 3D models. PetroMod 1D provides 1D thermal, maturation, hydrocarbon generation, and pressure history modeling; quick 1D analysis with fast data access; a 1D viewer along wells and single cells of interest with sophisticated plots and multiplot handling.
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PetroMod
PetroMod 1D, 2D or 3D
PetroMod 1D: It enables single-point data (wells and pseudo-wells) to be constructed from scratch or extracted directly from PetroMod 2D and 3D models. PetroMod 1D provides 1D thermal, maturation, hydrocarbon generation, and pressure history modeling; quick 1D analysis with fast data access; a 1D viewer along wells and single cells of interest with sophisticated plots and multiplot handling. PetroFlow 2D: It is the most advanced and widely used PetroMod package, and uses the same multidimensional migration modeling simulator as the PetroMod 3D package. It is ideal for analyzing areas with sparse data and for rapid analyses, e.g., if the data is only sucient to construct a 2D geologic section.
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PetroMod
PetroMod 1D, 2D or 3D
PetroMod 1D: It enables single-point data (wells and pseudo-wells) to be constructed from scratch or extracted directly from PetroMod 2D and 3D models. PetroMod 1D provides 1D thermal, maturation, hydrocarbon generation, and pressure history modeling; quick 1D analysis with fast data access; a 1D viewer along wells and single cells of interest with sophisticated plots and multiplot handling. PetroFlow 2D: It is the most advanced and widely used PetroMod package, and uses the same multidimensional migration modeling simulator as the PetroMod 3D package. It is ideal for analyzing areas with sparse data and for rapid analyses, e.g., if the data is only sucient to construct a 2D geologic section. PetroFlow 3D: It includes the full 3D temperature/pressure simulator and the most advanced 3D petroleum migration modeling technology, and enables dierent migration modeling methods to be applied to the same 3D data model.
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PetroMod
References
Fundamentals of Basin and Petroleum Systems Modeling, 2009, Thomas Hantschel and Armin Kauerauf, Springer. Basin Analysis: Principles and Applications, 2004, Allen and Allen, Wiley. The Petroleum System: From Source to Trap, 1994, Leslie B. Magoon and Wallace G. Dow, AAPG memoir 60. PetroMod software page http://www.slb.com/services/software/geo/petromod_modeling_software.aspx IES page: http://www.ies.de/ Basin Modeling page on Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basin_modelling Sintef page on Basin Modeling: http://www.sintef.no/Home/SINTEF-Petroleum-Research/Basin-Modelling/ Stanford BPSM group http://pangea.stanford.edu/research/groups/bpsm/index.php
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