Honors Chemistry

Reaction Prediction and Observations

For the following reactions, in your lab notebook

Name Natasha Chyi Period 5

U n i t 3 : Ty p e s o f R e a c t i o n s

a) Predict the products of the reaction and balance the equation. b) Describe the observations you would make while the reaction proceeded. c) Determine the type of reaction. If it is a redox reaction, determine what is oxidized and reduced.

Eg) solid copper is added to silver nitrate solution Equation: Cu(s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) 2Ag (s) + Cu(NO3)2 (aq) BEFORE: copper is a brownish shiny metal, silver nitrate is colorless and clear solution AFTER: copper appears to disappear; crystals of shiny silver metal appear; the solution color turns to blue/green (due to the presence of Cu2+ ions) TYPE: Single Replacement/ Redox Cu is oxidized and Ag+ is reduced; 2 electrons were transferred. 1. A solution of copper (II) chloride is electrolyzed. Observe the two electrodes. Equation: CuCl2 (aq) --> Cu (s) + Cl2 (g) Before: CuCl2 is a clear blue liquid in its aqueous state

After: An orange/brown metal deposit forms on one electrode (copper), while bubbles gather around the other electrode (chlorine gas) Type: Decomposition If applicable: oxidized? Chlorine_ reduced? Copper

1. Zinc metal and iodine solid are mixed and react in the presence of water (water is not a reactant) Teacher demo Equation: Zn (s) + 2I (s) --> Znl2 (aq) Before: Zinc is in the form of a dull crushed grey powder, while iodine has a bit of luster and is crystalline After: The Zinc and Iodine appear to disappear, and a white solid is formed

Type: Synthysis (If applicable): oxidized? Zinc reduced? Iodine

1. Zinc iodide solution is electrolyzed. In a petri dish, dissolve a small amount of zinc iodide in 20 mL distilled water. Electrolyze the solution with the cork with 2 pins and the battery. After observing, add in 3 drops of starch solution. Equation: ZnI2 (aq) --> Zn (s) + I2 (s) Before: A yellowish milky liquid is formed when zinc iodide is dissolved

After: A gray metal deposit is found on one pin (zinc), while a dark yellow liquid is found on the other (liquid iodine) Type: decomposition (If applicable: oxidized? Iodine reduced? Zinc )

1. Sodium metal is added to water. Teacher Demonstration Equation: 2Na (s) + H20 (aq) --> 2NaOH(aq) + H2 (g) Before: Sodium is a shiny silver metal solid

After: There is fizzing and bubbles are formed (Hydrogen gas). When phenolphthalein is added, the solution turns pink (presence of a base) Type: Single replacement (If applicable: oxidized? Na reduced? H )

Test for Gases For each of the following test, make additional observations of what provides a positive test for the gas produced. 1. Magnesium metal is added to hydrochloric acid. Sand a piece of magnesium metal. In a medium size test tube, add 2 cm of hydrochloric

acid and the magnesium metal. Use your finger to close the top of the test tube while your partner lights a wooden splint. Quickly place the burning splint into the test tube without touching the liquid. Equation: Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) --> MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) Before: Magnesium is in a solid silver metal form, while Hydrochloric acid is a clear colourless liquid After: Bubbles form around the metal solid until the metal appears to disappear (If applicable: oxidized? Mg reduced? H )

Type: Single Replacement Reaction

Test for Hydrogen gas If a burning splint was put in the presence of the product and a pop sound was made, then hydrogen gas is present.

Combustion reaction for hydrogen gas: 2 H2 (g) + O2(g) = 2H2O 1. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposes. Add some drops of potassium iodide solution to about 2cm deep hydrogen peroxide in a test tube . Equation: 2H2O2 (aq) --> H2O (g) + O2 (g) Before: After: Hydrogen peroxide is a clear colorless liquid bubbles form in the clear colorless liquid reduced? H )

Type: decomposition (If applicable: oxidized? O

Test for oxygen gas If a glowing splint is put in the presence of the product and the splint relights

1. Solid copper (II) carbonate is heated and one of the resulting products is bubbled through limewater. (Teacher Demonstration). Equation: CuCO3 (aq) + heat --> CuO (s) + CO2 (g); CO2(g) + Ca(OH)2 (aq) --> CaCO3(s) + H2O (liquid) Before: After: cloudy CuCO3 is a blue green solid There is a black solid found where the CuCO3 was, and the lime water turns

Type: Decomposition

Test for carbon dioxide gas When the product is bubbled through lime water, if the lime water turns cloudy then the gas is carbon dioxide.