SESSION 9 STOP AND LOOK 2

q SONG: PRETTY WOMAN

w SPEAKING: TRAVEL GUIDE

In groups of 3
Each member has a different set of clues.
Write complete questions based on the clues
Take turn to ask each other questions related to travelling in Hanoi.

e WRITING: COMPLEX SENTENCES

The complex sentence has the same subjectverb pattern (SV/SV) as the compound sentence.
However, the complex sentence features only one main clause and always contains at least one
subordinate clause and sometimes more than one. The subordinate clauses in a complex sentence
may occur at any place in the sentence.

A main clause is a group of words that contains at least one subject and one verb and that
expresses a complete idea.

A subordinate clause is a group of words that contains at least one subject and one verb but that
does not express a complete idea. All subordinate clauses begin with subordinators.

Subordinators indicate the relationship between the subordinate clause and the main clause.
Learning to recognize the two types of subordinatorssubordinating conjunctions and relative
pronounswill help you identify subordinate clauses.

NOTE: Some of the words in the above list of subordinators are underlined (after, as, before, since,

until). These words can also be used as prepositions.

The following are examples of sentences containing subordinate clauses. (Note that each subordinate
clause begins with a subordinator.)

PRACTICE 1
Identify the following word groups as main clauses (MC) or subordinate clauses (SC) or neither (N).
1. When the moon shone on the river.
2. The baseball season had finally started.
3. Then the sun twirled like a windmill.
4. Below the clouds in the sky.
5. When Beyonc started to sing.
6. The statue of the woman had no head.
7. Once upon a time.

PRACTICE 2 Identify the following word groups as subordinate clauses or prepositional phrases.
1. Since the dampness was harmful.
2. Since the last triceratops disappeared.
3. Since the Battle of Bull Run.
4. As a successful rodeo clown.
5. As Homer was stirring the black-eyed peas.
6. After the Flat Earth Society opened its doors.
7. After yesterdays heavy storm.
8. Until Vincent saw the sky.
9. Until the Sean Penns last movie.

PRACTICE 3 Underline the subordinate clauses in the following sentences and circle the subordinators.
Not all sentences contain subordinate clauses.
1. A misanthrope is a person who does not like people.
2. Lewis Carroll created the word chortle, which is a combination of two other words.
3. After the battle in the lake, Beowulf returned to the hall.
4. Puck gave the potion to Titania, who was sleeping.
5. If you really loved me, you would give your chocolate to me.
6. A reformed slave trader wrote Amazing Grace, which is played at police officers funerals.
7. He retook the oath of office because the Chief Justice had misplaced one of the words.
8. Sylvia, whose clothes were totally inappropriate, was embarrassed.

Section Review
1. A clause is a group of words that contains at least one subject and at least one verb.
2. A simple sentence contains only one main clause and no other clauses.
3. A compound sentence contains two or more main clauses that are joined by a comma and a
coordinating conjunction or a semicolon or a semicolon and a transitional word or phrase.
4. A complex sentence
sentence contains only one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses.

5. A main clause is a group of words that contains at least one subject and one verb and that
expresses a complete idea.
6. A subordinate clause is a group of words that contains at least one subject and one verb but
that does not express a complete idea.
7. Subordinate clauses begin with subordinators.
subordinators

r WRITING PRACTICE
Write complex sentences, using the given words
1.

BECAUSE - CELEBRATE

2.

BEFORE FIREWORKS

3.

WHEN ANNIVERSARY

4.

ALTHOUGH GUIDEBOOK

5.

AS LONG AS HIKING

6.

IF DELAY

7.

SINCE LAUGH

8.

SO THAT RECOGNIZE

9.

UNLESS OVERWEIGHT

10.

UNTIL GOOD LOOKING

t PRONUNCIATION: WORD STRESS

TWOTWO-SYLLABLE WORDS

PRACTICE 1

PRACTICE 2

PRACTICE 3

PRACTICE 4 Put the words you see on the slide in the correct column of stress position
Stress on 1st syllable

Stress on 2nd syllable

Stress on 3rd syllable