Sanskrit Lessons From Chitrapur Math Level

sanskrit lesson 1.
www.chitrapurmath.net
1/1
Lesson I. Wonder Why7

Hove you ever wondered why Ahom is somefimes wriffen os : ond
somefimes os :-l
Hove you ever wondered why Poojyo Swomiji when singing bhojons
somefimes pronounces ( soy for exompIe) Ahom os :-l ond
somefimes os :-l
The curious moy move onfo Lesson Mo. Two.

sanskrit lesson 2.
1/2
: :-l

=ls
=ll-l

: :l s s l l Q Q :l :l : : =l
=l

=ll-l
=l.

: . +: . :
l + :l

=ll-l =l =ll-l
=ll-l 'l , =l ,
: , l 'l i
=ll-l
l l 'l C
*l D l ,l l
o C 7l
l l l -l
'l 4 l -l -l
l l =l Fl
!l l 7 l
=l =ll-l
=l7l-llll i :
sanskrit lesson 2.
2/2

=l7l-llll -llll l'l i

=ll-l :--llll
=ll-l i
l-l i
"'l " 'l
:-l :-lll-ll -l -l
: =l ) :-lll-ll
-l i :-l-lll-ll i
:-l lll -l
l ll =ll-l lll
-ll
-l
:-=ll i
: lll i
-l -l
-l
=l
lll :-l i -l
-l
-l
:-=ll.

sanskrit lesson 3.
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Lesson 3. The Anunosiks jusfificofion for exisfing.

A Iong Iong fime ogo knowIedge wos possed on from guru fo shishyo
verboIIy. Mo books. Mo revision. Peheoring definifeIy. The prospecf of
moking o misfoke wos greof. Pronunciofions hod fo be occurofe. If one invifed
ll-ll insfeod of =ll-ll fo ones feosf one couId be ossured of hurf
negIecfed reIofives ond o smiIe on every conine foce on fhe sfreef.

The word ll ifseIf meons fhof which hos been sysfemi;ed.
Jusf foke o Iook of our =ll-l fobIe ogoin youII begin fo oppreciofe how
sysfemofic if is. If oIso gives us exceIIenf cIues on how fo pronounce fhe
:--llll =ll-l s. Those ore fhe ones fhof reoIIy frip us up.

The firsf row beginning wifh is coIIed fhe =ll, IiferoIIy
meoning CIoss . If incIudes oII fhe =ll-l s in fhof cIoss... l l 'l C i
Mofice how fhe fongue remoins in exocfIy fhe some pIoce when you soy fhese
words ouf Ioud. Mow jusf os you wouId soy , soy C, buf bring ouf fhe
sound nosoIIy os weII. The =ll is coIIed fhe 7o, since fhe sounds of
fhis group ore bosed in fhe fhroof.

*l =ll i This group is coIIed fhe ll . ll is fhe poIofe. keep fhe
fongue in fhe some posifion os you wouId when soying *l fhen soy l which
roughIy is o -l i The resf =ll ....-ll (fhe fop of fhe poIofe) fhe l =ll
...-l ( fhe fongue fouches fhe feefh every singIe fime) ond fhe 'l =ll...
:l!o (here fhe Iips ore used) ore eosy fo pronounce.
Thofs oII very weII buf whof in heovens nome ore fhof C ond l
doing fhere7 When ore fhey used7 The ruIe is fhof one oughf fo use 9,9
:--llll =ll-l wifh onIy 9480 consononfs fhof beIong fo fhe some
cIoss.

sanskrit lesson 3.
2/2
WHEM WPITIM0

For exompIe fhe correcf form of fhe word Shonkor is Fl ond nof Fl
. The frick is fo Iook of fhe =ll-l immediofeIy offer fhe nosoI sound in o
word ond fhen decide which :--llll one fo wrife. AIso onIy -l hos fhe
:lll fo be used os on :-=ll... fhe dof on fop of o Ieffer of fhe end
of o word. Therefore fo give you exompIes of words from oII fhe =ll s......
: is correcf ond nof : i 'l*l is correcf ond nof 'l*l i 7o ond nof
-Ro i -l ond nof l i *l-'ll ond nof *l'll.

WHEM PPOMOUMCIM0

Sonskrif is Iike wofer . If fIows. If shouId be eosy for us fo vocoIi;e words.
Therefore fhe -l in words odopfs ifs pronunciofion fo fIow in wifh fhe nexf
word . In fhe senfence : lll , fhe dof is pronounced Iike -l fo fIow wifh
fhe nexf Ieffer l fo whose cIoss fhe -l beIongs. Pronounced :-l lll ond
nof :-l lll ( And wriffen : lll i ) : l-ll is pronounced os :C
l-ll. The -l shouId sound Iike C i Therefore : l' ll-l is
pronounced os :7l l' ll-l i If we hove royoIIy confused you Ief us
know.
****************
sanskrit lesson 4
1/1

l=lll
l=lll
...l-l
l-l. l ll. , -lll
-llll , =ll-ll =ll-lll i -lllll-l -lllll-ll i

C
l =l7l-llll

l=lll
l=lll
=l7l-llll i
=l7l-llll
How come I
don't get any
mention at all
in your last
message ?
sanskrit lesson 5.
1/2
-l-l -ll-l lllFl i
: lllFl i
-l=lll l -l=lll
:l'l..... l
-l=lll -ll-l l-l
-l-l -ll-l -llll i : -llll i

-l=ll-l i -l=ll-l
:l'l .....
-l=ll -ll-l l-l
: *ll-l i -l-l -ll-l *ll-li
Q!l *ll-l
l
l l=li
Q!ll -llll i
Q!l *ll-l i

l ll l l l=l i ll l=lll i
ll l
Q!ll l=lll i ll -llll i
sanskrit lesson 5.
2/2
Q!l or Q!ll
l ll

-l=lll -ll-l l-l
-l=ll -ll-l l-l

sanskrit lesson 6.
1/3
Lesson o. Affronfed l-l speoks up.

Deors oII
I wos going fhrough fhe Iessons fhof hove oIreody been senf fo you
ond I conf beIieve fhof I hove nof been given my due.
Lef me infroduce myseIf. I om l-l (go). I om o roof word coIIed o ll ond
Iike my ofher friends =l (speok) 'lo (reod/ sfudy) ll (eof) lll
(wrife) efc I om exfremeIy versofiIe. 8y fhe simpIe oddifion of suffixes or
prefixes I con become o verb or o noun or on odverb or on odjecfive....And
fhof is for more fhon fhe visorgos ond fhe onusvoros of fhis worId con even
hope fo be.
I fhink I beffer infroduce you very genfIy fo my muIfifocefed personoIify.
(8y fhe woy check ouf definifions for verbs nouns odverbs odjecfives ond
grommoficoI whofchomocoIIifs in fhe coIumn fo your Ieff.)
To moke me info o verb you hove fo use my ovofoor l*D i Add differenf
suffixes coIIed 'lll s ond hey presfo I om reody fo be usedl Look of fhe
foIIowing senfences oII in fhe presenf fense ond you wiII see whof I meon. My
friends hove oIso chipped in fo heIp.

l l*Dll i l =lll i l 'loll i l llll i l lllll i
He goes. He speoks He reods He eofs He wrifes

ll l*Dll i ll =lll i ll 'loll i ll llll i ll lllll i
She goes She speoks She reods She eofs She wrifes

ll l*Dll i ll =lll i ll 'loll i ll llll i ll lllll i
If goes If speoks If reods If eofs If wrifes

l-ll*Dll i l-l =lll i l-l 'loll i l-l llll i l-l lllll i
llll l*Dll i llll =lll i llll 'loll i llll llll i llll lllll i

sanskrit lesson 6.
2/3
Yup fhe ll is odded fo fhe roof verb which mokes if compofibIe wifh he
she if ond wifh ony nome whefher moscuIine or feminine 8UT

=l l*Dll i =l =lll i =l 'loll i =l llll i =l lllll i
You go You speok You reod You eof You wrife

AMD

: l*Dll-l i : =lll-l i : 'loll-l i : llll-l i : lllll-l i
I go I speok I reod I eof I wrife

I. Do you see how fhe some suffix ( 'lll ) hos been odded fo oII fhe
ll s fo moke fhe verb compofibIe wifh o porficuIor subjecf7
Z. ll is IoyoI fo l, ll ond ll or for fhof moffer fo soy l-l>ll, ll,
Fll, l=l7l, 'l , l=lllll efc.( lll lllll 'l- :
lllll-l...geffif7)
3. ll is IoyoI onIy fo =l AMD l-l is IoyoI onIy fo :-l i
4. PIeose nofe fhof if is l*Dll-l ond nof l*Dl-l i There is on l -ll>ll
odded fo fhe ll before fhe 'lll is odded.
b. l*Dll conveys bofh meonings "goes" ond "is going"
o. Thus you con sofeIy fronsIofe : =lll-l os I speok ond I om
speoking.
7. AIso if you nofice since l-l is IoyoI fo :-l , I con simpIy soy =lll-l
ond fhe messoge fhof I om fhe one who is speoking ond MO OME
ELSE hos been conveyed. Diffo wifh =l-l...fhe minufe I soy.. llll ,
ifs YOU who ore eofing ond MO OME ELSE. I do nof hove fo even
menfion fhe :-l or fhe =l-l i The ll fhough does need o
specified subjecf. (Pefer fo Z for reosons why)
sanskrit lesson 6.
3/3
knowing fhis you con now moke fwo word senfences in Sonskrif using
:, =l , l, ll ond ll .Lef me provide you wifh o few more " everydoy"
ll s. l Iough 'l*l cook l profecf -l-l nomoskoor (fo soIufe.)
Mow if you noficed l-l ( yours fruIy) becomes l*D before fhe
suffixes ore odded. AII fhe resf remoin fhe some. SimiIorIy fwo very
imporfonf ll s .. 'll (drink) becomes l'll ond Fl (see) becomes 'lFl.
Henceforfh if fhe ll s form musf be chonged before if con be used fhe
usobIe form wiII be given in brockefs eg: l-l l*D) or
'll l'll ). Use 'll l'll ) ond Fl 'lFl) foo fo moke some more fwo
word senfences.
If you find fhis Iesson difficuIf or need cIorificofion of ony kind pIeose
do nof hesifofe fo wrife. These guys ouf here conf woif fo be usefuI.
8esides fhey hove fo impress fheir feocher Smf. Torongini khof. A Sonskrif
wi;ord if you osk me. 8esides hoving o posf groduofe degree ( ond o 8.Ed.
for good meosure) she speoks ond fhinks &% in Sonskrif. This moy be
2 coming ouf boII 2 debuf buf honesfIy I hove no froubIe shoring fhe
IimeIighf wifh Torongini. On fhe confrory I om honoured. More nexf week.
AII Iove l-l i
sanskrit lesson 7
1/4
Lesson 7. !708039 ing fhe enfire presenf fense deoI.

Thou shoIf nof press fhe ponic buffon.
Ponic 8uffon.
Thou shoIf feII fhyseIf" So whof if Sonskrif hos nof jusf o singuIor
ond o pIuroI buf o duoI os weII l "

l 'lol i They fwo sfudy.
=ll 'lol i You fwo sfudy.
:l=ll 'lol=l i We fwo sfudy.

Thou shoIf reossure fhyseIf "Thonk fhe good Lord fhof we do nof need fo
Ieorn o fripIel"
'lll-l i 8ooks jusf books.

Here my deors is fhe works.
sanskrit lesson 7
2/4
l-l (fo go) l ll (fhe presenf fense.)

'!l
Person
}=l*l-l
SinguIor

l\=l*l-l
DuoI
l=l*l-l
PIuroI
'll-l M
F

M
l He
ll She
ll If

l*Dll
ll Two He s
l Two She s
l Two If s

l*Dl
l Mony He s
ll Mony She s
lll-l Mony If s

l*Dl-l
-ll-l =l /=l-l
You
l*Dll
=ll / =ll-l
You fwo
l*Dl
l / l-l
AII of you
l*Dl
l-l :/ :-l
I
l*Dll-l
:l=ll /:l=ll-l
We fwo
l*Dl=l
=ll / =ll-l
AII of us
l*Dl-l

I. OnIy fhe 'll-l'!l hos disfincf words bosed on gender. (Phewll) M
MoscuIine. F Feminine. MMeufer.
Z. The 'll-l'!l confoins wifhin if ALL fhe nouns ond pronouns in fhe
whoIe wide worId EXCEPT for you you fwo oII of you I fwo of us oII
of us. Therefore....
3. When fhe verbs of fhe -ll-l ond fhe l-l ore used fhe subjecf
need nof be given. For exompIe if I soy lll, fhe subjecf con be
none buf =ll-l. If is onIy for fhe 'll-l , fhof fhe subjecf hos fo be
specified.
4. Pefer fo Lesson Z on when : is used ond when :-l i
b. This sfyIe of presenfofion is whof is originoI. Here fhe firsf
preference in frue oIfruisfic sfyIe is given fo he she ond if. These
sanskrit lesson 7
3/4
become fhe firsf person. Yef knowing fhof fhe Divine Aofmon resides
in oneseIf one refers fo oneseIf os fhe l-l'!li
o. To moke Sonskrif ovoiIobIe fo o generofion oIreody occusfomed fo
EngIish grommor fhe sfyIe fhof you see in vorious fexf books wiII be
fhe ofher woy oround where l-l is referred fo os fhe 'll-l'!l
..firsf person fhe -ll-l is referred fo os l\lll'!l ...fhe second
person ond fhe fhird person is coIIed fhe llll'!l ...where in fhis
fobIe is fhe 'll-l. So cerfoin fexfs wiII hove fhe fobIe fhe woy if is
wriffen here ond cerfoin ofher fexfs wiII hove if "upsidedown"
7. If doesnf reoIIy moffer which woy you Ieorn if os Iong os fhe righf
form of verb is used wifh fhe righf subjecf.
8roin Teoser....In fhe second sfon;o of fhe bhojon '7lll-lll
ll=l=ll'l7ll, who is fhe subjecf7 Whof is fhe verb7(Ignore fhe ofher
words fhof hove nof been foughf os yef.) Those of you who do nof know fhe
bhojon here ore fhe words....
-l =ll -l-lll-l lll
:l-ll-l l=lll-l :-l i

Exercise...Using fhe given fobIe os o guide use fhe correcf form of fhe verb
given in brockefs ond fronsIofe fhe foIIowing ..
I. He speoks. =l )
Z. We fwo eof. ll )
3. AII of fhem ( Feminine) see. Fl 'lFl )
4. ll l'llll i
b. l -l-ll i
o. =ll 'lol-l i

0o over fhe fobIe of Ieosf fwice o doy for fhe nexf few doys ond
you wiII see how eosiIy you wiII begin fo mofch fhe verb wifh ifs
subjecf.
sanskrit lesson 7
4/4
The fobIes for fhe ll s =l , 'lo , ll , lll , l , 'l*l ,
l , -l-l , 'll l'll ), Fl 'lFl ) ore oII fhere for your reody
reference in fhe index. Hove fifIed if "Verb conjugofions in fhe
presenf fense."
Moy i Iend you o shouIder7
When i firsf Ionded up wifh fhis memori;ing process i wosnf foo
sure i couId do if... i hod Ieff schooI yeors ogo. 8uf once i gof
sforfed my Ieorning obiIify odopfed ifseIf fo my new requiremenfs.
Once you remove fhe " I confl " bIock from your mind fhe words
begin fo fIow. Use fhe words offen during fhe doy if mokes if
simpIer. When foced wifh o Iimifed vocobuIory i hove even
consfrucfed senfences Iike
": miIkom boi lll-l ," fo connecf fhe righf verb 'lll s wifh ifs
subjecf. Try if. Ifs fun.
Once you ore more or Iess comforfobIe wifh fhis we con move onfo
our nexf sef of Iessons.
TiII we meef ogoin " Adios Amigosl"
***************************
sanskrit lesson 7A
1/2
Lesson 7 A. "0ender ond Person combinofions."

Sushmo Modkorni from AusfroIio hod o very inferesfing quesfion fo osk.
Whof subjecf form does one use ll or l , if you wonf fo soy "They fwo
go " AMD if one person is o mon ond fhe ofher o womon7
Okey Dokey ....here is whof hoppens...(8y fhe woy o subjecf is fhe one who
performs fhe ocfion in o senfence.)

PULES THAT APPLY TO *l ( AMD)
MOTE: There ore fwo woys in which *l ( ond ) is odded in o
senfence.
Lisf oII fhe objecfs ond odd *l offer fhe Iosf Iisfed objecf. For
exompIe: The cof dog eIephonf mouse *l pIoy. This is fhe mosf
common usoge ond is THE PPEFEPPED one whiIe conversing.
Puf fhe *l in befween oII Iisfed objecfs. For exompIe: The cof *l dog
*l eIephonf *l mouse *l pIoy.
MusicoI buf o moufhfuIlll FiIe fhis usoge correcf buf rore owoy in
your memory bonk.

8ock fo Sushmos query.
When fhe fwo ore o mon ond o womon fhe MoscuIine form of fhe
pronoun oIwoys fokes fhe preference. So one con soy ll l*Dl i For
oII fhe feminisfs ouf fhere fheres o woy ouf. Soy insfeod --- l ll
*l l*Dl i
l-l llll *l -l-ll i The duoI form of fhe verb is used fo mofch wifh
fhe fwo subjecfs. 0offif7
l-l llll l-l7l *l -l-ll-l i The pIuroI form of fhe verb wifh more
fhon fwo subjecfs.

Somefimes one moy come ocross o senfence Iike. " In him neifher
cIeonIiness nor chorocfer nor frufh exisfs." The verb HAS fo be
sanskrit lesson 7A
2/2
singuIor. Therefore even fhough fhe senfence confoins fhree
subjecfs fhe verb form HAS fo be singuIor. ll-l-l -l Fll*l -l :l*ll
-l *l ll-l :ll i :l + ll ) :l fhe roof form meoning " be ".

Whof if you hove subjecfs from fwo or fhree differenf '!l s 7 In
fhof cose use fhe duoI or fhe pIuroI form of fhe verb (depending on
fhe number of subjecfs) ond give preference fo l-l '!l firsf
fhen fo -ll-l '!l ond Iosf of oII fo 'll-l '!l. For exompIe...
I. =l-l : *l l*Dl=l i Since fhere ore fwo peopIe use fhe duoI form
of fhe verb. Since l-l '!l feofures in fhe senfence use fhe duoI
form of fhe verb for fhe l-l '!l.
Z. l-l =l-l : *l l*Dl-l i PIuroI form AMD l-l '!l i
3. l-l =l *l l*Dl i DuoI And -ll-l.
4. l =l *l l*Dl i PIuroI And -ll-l i

PULES THAT APPLY TO =ll ( OP)

The verb mofches fhe subjecf fhof you pIoce Iosf in your senfence.
: =ll =l =ll l*Dll i =l =ll : =ll l*Dll-l i : =ll l =ll
l*Dl-l i ( Yup =ll prefers fo be befween oII fhe words ond of fhe
end....he insisfs on moking his presence feIfl)

I musf fhonk Sushmo for her quesfion. This gof me o reoding ond o
referring ogoin. This kind of inferocfion buiIds o quicker greofer ond o very
"usefuI undersfonding "of fhe Ionguoge donf you fhink7 Everybody benefifs.
AII quesfions ore weIcome. Looking forword fo ocfive porficipofion from oII
of you. And o very " 0doi fo you mofel"
^^^^^^^^^^^^
sanskrit lesson 7B.
1/1
Lesson 7 8. Sonskrifofying EngIishlll

Somefhing hoppened o few doys ogo...somefhing fhof fiIIed my heorf wifh
deep oppreciofion pride ond hope... Mimish Ubhoyokor o fiffeen yeor oId
born ond broughf up in fhe U.k. wrofe fo us. DeepIy inferesfed in Indio ond
Her cuIfure he Ieornf fhe Devonogiri scripf fo be obIe fo Ieorn Sonskrif.
Wifh young peopIe Iike him we con be ossured fhof fhe fufure of Sonskrif
Iies in good ond coring honds.
Lesson 7. seems fo need furfher expIonofions. So here goes...
Firsf Iefs gef o few concepfs obsoIufeIy cIeor...
Lesson o. deoIf wifh fhe infroducfion of o roof word coIIed o ll |
A ll is fhe mosf fIexibIe fhing in fhe universe. If is fhe bosic form of o
verb ond con be converfed info o noun or on odjecfive efc. by fhe oddifion of
prefixes ond suffixes. Lef us jusf concenfrofe on fhe verb ospecf firsf. The
ofhers wiII be infroduced by ond by.
In EngIish we hove o singuIor ond o pIuroI.... 8oy. 8oys. A boy goes. 8oys go.
Sonskrif hos on oddifionoI "duoI " besides o singuIor ond o pIuroI. So we
hove...o boy goes fwo boys go ond mony boys go.
Jusf os in EngIish where fhe verb hos fo mofch fhe subjecf ( "8oys goes" is
on obsoIufe howIer.) in Sonskrif foo fhe verbs HAVE fo mofch fhe subjecf .
Mow fhof Sonskrif hos on oddifionoI duoI we need seporofe verb forms fo
disfinguish fhe duoIs from fhe singuIors ond fhe pIuroIs.
To undersfond grommor beffer Sonskrif verbs ore oIwoys shown in o fobuIor
form. VerficoIIy fhey denofe "Mumber" ond hori;onfoIIy fhe "person." Lefs
foke o peek of fhe fobIe ogoin .

The presenf fense l-l (fo go) l ll l ll ore Sonskrif
words fhof meon fhe Presenf Tense.)
'!l
Person
}=l*l-l
SinguIor
l\=l*l-l
DuoI
l=l*l-l
PIuroI
'll-l l*Dll l*Dl l*Dl-l
-ll-l l*Dll l*Dl l*Dl
l-l l*Dll-l l*Dl=l l*Dl-l
sanskrit lesson 7B.
2/2

keep fhe l-l fobIe fhof hos eorIier been given in Lesson 7. oIongside fhis one
ond begin fo compore fhe fwo.
These concepfs shouId come fhrough cIeorIy...
{. Every noun ond pronoun in fhe dicfionory foII info fhe 'll-l ...whefher
cof dog museums fwo cobs of corn mony fish one bird fwo rofs.
These verbs wiII fherefore be used for fhe fhird person... Use l*Dll
wifh singuIor forms of AMY noun. Use l*Dl wifh duoI forms of AMY
noun. Use l*Dl-l wifh pIuroI forms of AMY noun. For exompIe...One
cof l*Dll . Two cofs l*Dl .Three or more cofs l*Dl-l i Yes
fhe noun form "cof" is wriffen differenfIy for one cof fwo cofs ond
fhree or more cofs...buf fhof wiII be expIoined in Lesson 8. For fhe
momenf combine EngIish ond Sonskrif fo "remember" which verb form
goes wifh which subjecf form. SimiIorIy...one fodpoIe lll, fwo
fodpoIes ll ond fhree or more fodpoIes ll-l i l ( fo swim) being
fhe ll i
Z. You fwo of you fhree or more of you ....fhese foII info fhe -ll-l i
The subjecf is so specific here fhof jusf by Iooking of fhe word
llll ( fhe suffix ll is fhe indicofor) i know fhof if is you who ore
eofing ond nobody eIse. If i soy =ll, fhe suffix l indicofes "fwo
of you".
. Therefore since bofh -ll-l ond l-l hove predefermined subjecfs i
neednf odd fhe subjecf of oII in my senfences. If i soy "sing" if is
uncIeor os fo who is singing...i7 you7 we7...buf if i soy lllll-l, fhe l-l
feIIs me fhof "I om singing."
4. To idenfify fhe verb forms you musf Iook of ifs foiI end. Cofch o hoId
of fhe suffix... is if ll, l, l-l, ll, l, l, l-l, =l, -l ...ond fhen
figure ouf who fhe subjecf is. Mow Iefs feose fhe broin feoser in
Lesson 7. info giving us o soIufion...

sanskrit lesson 7B.
3/3
-l =ll -l-lll-l lll
:l-ll-l l=lll-l :-l i
-l-lll-l feIIs you fhof fhe one who is performing fhe nomoskoor is none buf
"I." SimpIe.
Use fhese verb suffixes wifh fheir mofching subjecfs fo form
Sonskrif/EngIish senfences...unfiI our vocobuIory grows.: singll-l , =l
medifofell , fwo eIephonfs frumpefl, Mofher cookll, Fofher snorell i
...senfences Iike fhof fiII fhe verb suffixes- subjecf combinofions hove more
or Iess been memori;ed. 0o on fo fhe nexf Iesson. Once you hove finished
reoding Lesson 8 ond Lesson 8 A come bock fo Lesson 7 fhings wiII begin fo
moke sense fhen. If you ore sfiII in o soup wrife fo fhe chef ( yours fruIy).
Lefs see if i con feose my broin info coming up wifh beffer expIonofionsl
Looking forword fo your feedbock.

^^^^^^^
sanskrit lesson 8
1/1
Lesson 8. Insighfs info l=l-lll s

Hove o Iook of fhese fwo senfences...
The cof drinks miIk.
MiIk drinks fhe cof.
In mosf Ionguoges fhe minufe fhe words ore shiffed oround fhe meoning of
fhe senfence chonges.
Sonskrif is musicoI. If is rhyfhmic. AImosf everyfhing fhof we hove in our
shosfros our scripfures our fexfs ore oII sef fo o porficuIor mefre in fhe form of
poefry. We needed fhe freedom fo be obIe fo puf words in ony order in o senfence
wifhouf ony chonges fo fhe meoning of whof hod fo be conveyed.
The onIy woy fo ensure fhof wos fo converf o preposifion info o suffix o 'lll,
ond fhen odd fhof fo fhe noun. The noun pIus fhe preposifion-furned- info- suffix
become o compIefeIy new word whose meoning become crysfoI cIeor. (A preposifion
is o word in o senfence fhof shows fhe reIofionship befween fwo or more
nouns/pronouns. For exompIe.. She sof uncct o free. krishno spoke !o Poghovo.
They pIoyed w/!n bofs ond boIIs. Whof we essenfioIIy do in Sonskrif is wrife fhe
word "under free" os "freeunder" "fo Poghovo " os "Poghovofo" ond "wifh bofs ond
boIIs" os "bofsboIIswifh" The subjecfs word form os in fhe one performing fhe
ocfion remoins unchonged. The chonges occur wifh fhe ofher noun or pronoun in
fhe senfence wifh whom fhe subjecf seeks fo esfobIish o reIofionship. CIorify ony
cIeorer77ll )
If wos o Iong fime ogo. The eorIy morning wos vibronf in fhe siIence of
medifofion. The Pishi 8udhokoushik hod disoppeored wifhin himseIf. The Lord
Shivo in His infinife groce gove fo fhe Pishi fhe Pomoroksho sfofro. In if is o
beoufifuI verse...
l-l l-ll ) ll-ll7l ll l=llll l-l -lFl -ll i
l-l7l :l-lll l-lFll*l*l- l-lll l-l -l-l ii
l-lll -llll 'lll7l 'll l-ll lll-l-l i
l-l l*llll ll -l=l -l l-l -ll-l _ ii
Mofice how fhe word l-l oppeors in mony differenf forms in fhe verse.
Eoch of fhem convey o differenf meoning. Lefs go fhrough eoch one of fhem in
sequence.
sanskrit lesson 8
2/2
l-l is fhe subjecf form. l-l becomes fhe objecf form. l-l7l meons by or wifh
Pomo. l-lll signifies for Pomo. l-lll is from Pomo. l-ll conveys fhe
meoning Pomos. l-l is in Pomo. And l-l by ifseIf is fhe form fhe word fokes
when coIIing ouf fo someone nomed Pomo.
Lef us puf if in fhe form of o fobIe fo moke if eosier fo refer fo.
l-l :ll-l 'X:J
l=l-lll }=l*l-l
singuIor
l\=l*l-l
duoI
l=l*l-l
pIuroI
'll-ll subjecf l-l
l\llll objecf l-l
lllll by wifh l-l7l
*lll for l-lll
'l*l-ll from l-lll
!l!ol (denofes
possession)
l-ll
l'l-ll in on l-l
l-lll-l (used
when coIIing
ouf fo..)
) l-l

Mow l-l is on :ll-l 'X:J word. Thof meons fhof if ends in fhe sound , ond
is o moscuIine word. If you remember -l -l + :
There ore Iofs of moscuIine words fhof end in :. For exompIe lll (boy) =ll
(free) l-l ( book) 7l (eor) Dl>l (sfudenf) besides so mony nomes Iike lFl=l,
-lFl, :-l efc.
Since Sonskrif is so musicoI oII I hove fo do is moke sure fhof my words rhyme.
For exompIe if I hove fo soy "from fhe book" I Iook of fhe word for "from Pomo"
If soys l-lll i So fherefore "from fhe book" JUST HAS fo be l-lll i SimpIe.
I con see eyebrows roised over fhe bIonk spoces for fhe duoI ond pIuroIs. Are fhey
sanskrit lesson 8
3/3
needed7 You con befcho boffom doIIor fhof fhey orel Whof in fhe worId wouId you
soy for " I heor wifh my !wo cuts 7" Or for fhof moffer " X// my s!uccn!s feII
osIeep whiIe reoding my Iesson7 "
Therefore here now is fhe enfire fobIe.
l-l :ll-l 'X:J (Jusf fo Iook of my deors donf gef fIusferedl)
l=l-lll }=l*l-l l\=l*l-l l=l*l-l
'll-ll subjecf l-l l-ll l-ll
l\llll objecf l-l-l l-ll l-ll-l
lllll by wifh l-l7l l-ll-ll-l l-l
*lll for l-lll l-ll-ll-l l-l-l
'l*l-ll from l-lll l-ll-ll-l l-l-l
!l!ol shows
possession
l-ll l-lll l-ll7ll-l
l'l-ll in on l-l l-lll l-l!
l-lll-l (used
when oddressing)
) l-l ) l-ll ) l-ll
I hove fried fo show you fhof cerfoin words ore repeofed in fhe fobIe by cIubbing
fhem fogefher in fhe some coIour. They ore used nof foo offen fhof is why fhe
need fo creofe new words did nof presenf ifseIf. Thonk 0od for smoII mercies
...fhere is so much Iess fo memori;e.
Mew Concepfs foughf in fhis Iesson
You con orronge fhe words in ony monner in o Sonskrif senfence.
Lef me give you some concrefe exompIes..
l-l lFl=l -l-lll i -l-lll l-l lFl=l-l i lFl=l -l-lll l-l i -l-lll lFl=l l-l i
lFl=l l-l -l-lll i l-l -l-lll lFl=l-l i AII fhese senfences meon exocfIy fhe
some fhing Pomo does Momoskoor fo Shivo. Since Pomo does fhe ocfion fhe
Pomo is picked from fhe 'll-ll l=l-lll i Since Shivo is fhe objecf fo whom fhe
nomoskoor is done you use fhe l\llll l=l-lll form which is lFl=l-l i
A word + o preposifion is used in Sonskrif...o word is MEVEP used by ifseIf.
If I use fhe word l-l, you moy sofeIy ossume fhof I om coIIing ouf fo Pom.
sanskrit lesson 8
4/4
If I infend using Pom os fhe objecf of my odorofion I MUST use fhe word
l-l-l i If Pom is fhe person performing fhe ocfion I musf use fhe word
l-l i
Hope fhese fwo concepfs hove been deoIf wifh cIeorIy in fhis Iesson.

In o Iighfer vein...

Here is o IiffIe Iimerick fhof mighf omuse you.
The sfudy of Sonskrif shouId nof moke one fense.
For Iook of fhe senfence "fhe birds sof on fhe fence."
If you mix up fhe words
In fhe end puf fhe birds
In Sonskrif if wiII s!/// moke sensel

******************
sanskrit lesson 8A
1/3
Lesson 8 A . Peinforcing Vibhokfis.

I remember going info o compIefe fi;;y when firsf infroduced fo fhe
vibhokfi ideo. I osked more quesfions fhon o foIkofive four yeor oId. LuckiIy
for me Torongini hod fhe pofience of o growing peorI. Here is whof I
gofhered in on oysfer.
Toke o Iook of fhe l-l presenf fense verb fobIe. 8esides fhe conjugofions
of fhe verb fhe mofching subjecf forms ore oIso given. Ignore fhe verb
forms ond jusf concenfrofe on fhe subjecf forms. The fobIe is broken
hori;onfoIIy info fhree '!l s. Divide fhe Iof compIefeIy os so...

'!l
Person
}=l*l-l
SinguIor
l\=l*l-l
DuoI
l=l*l-l
PIuroI
'll-l M
F
M
l He
ll She
ll If
ll Two He s
l Two She s
l Two If s
l Mony He s
ll Mony She s
lll-l Mony If s

-ll-l =l /=l-l
You
=ll / =ll-l
You fwo
l / l-l
AII of you

Mow Iefs concenfrofe on fhe 'll-l '!l.

'!l
Person
}=l*l-l
SinguIor

l\=l*l-l
DuoI
l=l*l-l
PIuroI
l-l

:/ :-l
I

:l=ll /:l=ll-l
We fwo
=ll / =ll-l
AII of us

sanskrit lesson 8A
2/3
'll-l M

I

N
l He
l-l, l, i

ll She
-ll, -lll, -ll

ll If
l-l, =l-l-l,
ll Two He s

l Two She s

l Two If s

l Mony He s

ll Mony She s

lll-l Mony If s

Af fhe risk of sounding ferribIy repefifious ond boring..
I. The 'll-l '!l occommodofes every singIe noun ond pronoun in fhe
dicfionory excepf for fhose of fhe -ll-l ond fhe l-l .
Z. Therefore l-l l*Dll, l*Dll, -ll l*Dll, -llll l*Dll, l-l
l*Dll, =l-l-l l*Dll .

Jusf os fhere ore :ll-l 'X:J words Iike l-l, lll efc fhere ore
ll-l 'X:J words Iike , -ll- (sun) lFlF (chiId) ll efc... ond
fhere ore ,ll-l 'X:J words Iike l=l, l, lll efc...
{. AII :ll-l 'X:J words ore decIined Iike( mode fo rhyme Iike)
l-l i
. AII ll-l 'X:J words ore decIined Iike i
. AII ,ll-l 'X:J words ore decIined Iike l i
ll-l 'X:J words ond ,ll-l 'X:J words ore decIined
differenfIy from :ll-l 'X:J words 8UT fhe mosf beoufifuI fhing is
fhof Sonskrif oIIows us fhe freedom fo converf oII words info :ll-l
sanskrit lesson 8A
3/3
'X:J words ond decIine fhem Iike l-l i For insfonce why nof converf
into =l or moybe l info -llll7l 7 Mokes conversofion simpIel These
onfics ore oIrighf in fhe beginning buf evenfuoIIy we wiII hove fo Ieorn oII fhe
forms of differenf words simpIy so fhof we moy recogni;e fhem in shIokos
ond fexfs. (WeII foke if eosy... i shonf give you more fhon you con chew.
And fhofs o promise.)
SimiIorIy we hove differenf ending feminine words ond neufer words. AII
rhyming words ore decIined in fhe some monner. 8UT
remember fhof o moscuIine word is rhymed wifh ifs moscuIine counferporf, o
feminine one wifh ifs feminine rhyming counferporf, ond o neufer wifh o
neufer.
Jusf fry ond undersfond fhis concepf. Things wiII become cIeorer os we
proceed ond i wiII keep expIoining ond repeofing concepfs for os Iong os you
require me fo.
Jusf hif fhe feedbock buffon on our Sonskrif poge reIofe your woes ond
weII provide insfonf reIiefl The Agony Aunfs ond UncIes here ore o prompf
Iof.
See you nexf weekl
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 9
1/3
Lesson 9. Of CoferpiIIors ond Mon-CoferpiIIors.

Much os you hove been infroduced fo verbs ond nouns fhof chonge fheir
shope ond si;e of fhe drop of o hof fhere ore some heorfworming sfeody
ones fhof never ever "mefomorphosi;e." ( Ahl MOW fhe reference fo
coferpiIIors becomes cIeorl )
You con use fhem wifh ony noun verb vibhokfi gender fense you nome if
fhey hoId fheir own in o chonging worId. They ore coIIed :=ll s. Lefs go
fhrough o group of fhem in every Iesson .

Sonskrif EngIish Hindi
l-l / l
whof
ll
:>l
here
ll
l>l
fhere
=ll
l>l
from-where
ll
>l
where
l
}>l
oII fogefher
lll -l
l=l>l
everywhere
ll ll
:-l>l
eIsewhere
lll :l ll

So I con occurofeIy soy
: l>l l*Dll-l i =l l>l l*Dll i l l>l l*Dll i l-l l>l l*Dll i
:l=ll l>l l*Dl=l i ....ond so on ond so forfh.
Hoving infroduced our Mon- CoferpiIIors shoII we gef fomiIior wifh our
CoferpiIIors7
In o senfence such os " Pom is eofing o Iodoo" The Pom is fhe subjecf.
Therefore you pick fhe word Pom from fhe 'll-ll l=l-lll i l-l i
The verb is " is eofing" ond HAS fo foIIow fhe subjecf. Since l-l is from
fhe 'll-l'!l }=l*l-l ( Third Person SinguIor...occording fo EngIish
0rommor) fhe verb oIso hos fo be from fhe 'll-l'!l }=l*l-l ... llll i
sanskrit lesson 9
2/3
The objecf fhof is being gobbIed up is fhe Iodoo -ll ...fhe roof word)
The objecf form of fhe word -ll is -ll-l ...
Therefore fhe senfence becomes.. l-l -ll llll i

CLUE: Whenever o senfence is consfrucfed or fronsIofed grob (for deor
Iife) fhe verb ond ifs subjecf. THEM odd fhe resf of fhe words fo compIefe
fhe senfence.
Lefs odd on :=ll.
l-l -ll-l :>l llll i Pom is eofing o Iodoo here.
l-l -ll l>l llll i Pom is eofing o Iodoo fhere.
Lefs chonge fhe subjecf AMD oIong wifh if fhe verb.
: -ll-l :>l llll-l i I om eofing o Iodoo here.
: -ll l>l llll-l i I om eofing o Iodoo fhere.
=l -ll-l :-l>l llll i You ore eofing o Iodoo eIsewhere.(ProbobIy
overse fo shoring if. )
=l -ll l=l>l llll i You ore eofing o Iodoo everywhere.(Donf even fry
ond imogine if.)
( Mew Concepf -ll is o moscuIine word. Whenever i infroduce MEW
moscuIine words fo you i shoII puf on ( M) nexf fo if. neufer words wiII be
infroduced wifh on (M) ond feminine words wifh on ( F). To use fhem in
senfences chonge fhe word occording fo fhe l=l-lll fobIe fo incIude o
preposifion )

PuIes fhof musf be foIIowed.
I. The verb HAS fo ogree wifh fhe ll, fhe subjecf.
: l*Dll is on obsoIufe no no.
Z. The conjugofion(Chonges in o verb form) of fhe verb in ifs
vorious forms remoins fhe some for oII fhree genders. The verb
is bound by '!l person ond =l*l-l number nof by llJ gender.
l-l llll , ll llll ,-llll llll , ll -l llll i
sanskrit lesson 9
3/3
3. The subjecf ll ALWAYS is in fhe 'll-ll l=l-lll ond fhe
objecf -l is ALWAYS in fhe l\llll i
ll (eIephonf M ) -ll (Ioddoo M)
ll -ll llll is fronsIofed os The eIephonf is eofing o
Ioddoo.
ll -ll llll is ... The Iodoo is eofing on eIephonf.

Thou shoIf freod fhis pofh wifh core.
Mew Concepf
Whenever you use l-l in ifs verb or ofher yef fo be infroduced forms
fhe pIoce fo where fhe "going fo" hoppens ALWAYS is in fhe l\llll
l=l-llli ( Eosier fo soy odd fhe -l or fhe onuswoor fo wherever you ore
going fo.)
: l=lllll l*Dll-l i ll =l-l l*Dll i l l l*Dll i
l*Dll-l l=lllll-l :-l i

The foifhfuI shoII foIIow me info soIving fhe exercises in Lesson 9 A.

^^^^^^
sanskrit lesson 9A
1/4
Lesson 9 A ...Exercises in senfence buiIding.
Lefs buiId o vocobuIory now. The : ending moscuIine :ll-l 'X:J ) noun
" l-l " hos oIreody been infroduced. We wiII work wifh jusf fhe firsf fwo vibhokfis
fodoy. Subsequenf Iessons wiII infroduce one vibhokfi of o fime.
Time now fo infroduce o new concepf....
Whenever new verbs ore infroduced fhe 'll-l '!l } =l*l-l wiII be given in
brockefs oIongside fhe ll i For exompIe Fl 'lFlll )i AII you hove fo do is
seporofe fhe word 'lFlll info 'lFl + ll ond undersfond fhof fhe usobIe verb
form is fhe firsf porf of fhe word. You con buiId on enfire presenf fense fobIe
bosed on fhis by fhe oddifion of 'lll s ( suffixes) os so..

Fl 'lFlll ) fo see l ll (presenf fense )

'!l
Person
}=l*l-l
SinguIor
l\=l*l-l
DuoI
l=l*l-l
PIuroI
'll-l 'lFlll 'lFll 'lFll-l
-ll-l 'lFlll 'lFll 'lFll
l-l 'lFlll-l 'lFll=l 'lFll-l

For quick reference fo heIp you do fhe exercises ore fhe firsf fwo l=l
l-l :ll-l 'X:J
'll-ll subjecf l-l l-ll l-ll
l\llll objecf l-l-l l-ll l-ll-l

Do you hove o nofebook o penciI ond o HU0E eroser reody7 Then Iefs
geffogoin l

sanskrit lesson 9A
2/4
Mouns / Pronouns. Verbs. Avyoyos.
l he - -l=lll fo be) l-l
ll fwo he s 'lo 'loll fo reod or
sfudy)
:>l
l oII fhe he s l-l l*Dll fo go)

l>l
l-l M) l lll l-ll fo
Iough)
l>l
,l M)

>l
lll boy ( M)

l=l>l
-l-!l mon (M)

:-l>l
-l'l king ( M)

}>l
l=lllll schooI ( M)

ll-l viIIoge ( M)

ExompIe senfences.
I. He is reoding. l 'loll i
Z. Those fwo men ore reoding. -l-!ll 'lol i

PecoII...AII nouns ond pronouns excepf for fhe =l, =ll, l, :, :l=ll, ond
=ll foII info fhe 'll-l '!l | Therefore IogicoIIy fwo men HAVE fo be
mofched wifh 'lol fhe duoI 'll-l '!l verb. And since fhere ore fwo men
fhe word for fwo men HAS fo rhyme wifh l-ll which mokes if -l-!ll i

3. Whof is hoppening fhere7 l>l l -l=lll

Whofever is hoppening oIso foIIs info fhe 'll-l '!l i Since if oppeors fo be
singuIor -l=lll is used.
sanskrit lesson 9A
3/4

4. The boy is going fhere. lll l>l l*Dll i

Try doing fhe resf on your own. Answers ore provided in Lesson 98. 8uf you
shoII be honesf ond foke o peek onIy offer you hove fried compIefing fhe
exercise.

TronsIofe.
I. He is reoding.
Z. He is Ioughing fhere.
3. The boy is going fo schooI.
4. Pom is going fo fhe viIIoge.
b. The king is going eIsewhere.
o. Where is fhe boy Ioughing7
7. Pom ond Ishwor ore sfudying ( Pefer fo Iesson 7 A).
8. Pom is nomoskooring( for Iock of on oppropriofe wordl) Ishwor.
9. The fwo ore reoding here.
I0. Two boys ore Ioughing.
II. Two men ore going fo fhe viIIoge.
IZ. Two boys ore going fo schooI.
I3. AII fhe boys ore Ioughing.
I4. AII fhe men ore going fo fhe viIIoge.
Ib. AII fhe boys ore nomoskooring Pom.
Io. Pom is nomoskooring oII fhe boys.

Correcf fhese senfences.
I. l 'loli
Z. l 'lol-l i
3. ll 'loll i
4. l 'loll i
b. lll ll-l i
o. l l*Dl-l i
7. l-l ll-l l*Dl-l i
sanskrit lesson 9A
4/4
8. l l 'loll i
9. l l-l 'lol-l i

Seems more fhon enough for o firsf fime session. WiII see you nexf week. 8y
fhe woy you moy foke fhof peek now. You hove my bIessings.
******************
sanskrit lesson 9B
1/1
Lesson 9 8. Answers fo quesfions in Lesson 9 A

I. He is reoding. l 'loll i
Z. He is Ioughing fhere. l l>l llli
3. The boy is going fo schooI. lll l=lllll l*Dlli
4. Pom is going fo fhe viIIoge. l-l ll-l l*Dlli
b. The king is going eIsewhere. -l'l :-l>l l*Dll i
o. Where is fhe boy Ioughing7 lll >l lll
7. Pom ond Ishwor ore sfudying. l-l ,l *l 'loli
8. Pom is nomoskooring Ishwor. l-l ,l -l-lll i
9. The fwo ore reoding here. ll :>l 'loli
I0. Two boys ore Ioughing. llll lli
II. Two men ore going fo fhe viIIoge. -l-!ll ll-l l*Dl i
IZ. Two boys ore going fo schooI. llll l=lllll l*Dl i
I3. AII fhe boys ore Ioughing. llll ll-l i
I4. AII fhe men ore going fo fhe viIIoge. -l-!ll ll-l l*Dl-l i
Ib. AII fhe boys ore nomoskooring Pom. llll l-l -l-ll-l i
Io. Pom is nomoskooring oII fhe boys. l-l llll-l -l-lll i

Correcfed senfences.
I. l 'lol i l 'loll i
Z. l 'lol-l i l 'lol-li
3. ll 'loll i ll 'loli
4. l 'loll i l 'lol-li
b. lll ll-l i lll llli
o. l l*Dl-l i l l*Dll i
7. l-l ll-l l*Dl-l i l-l ll-l l*Dll i
8. l l 'loll i l l 'lol-li
9. l l-l 'lol-l i l l 'lol-l i

How wos fhe goin 7
sanskrit summing up month 1.
1/1
Summing up Monfh I.

Whof you wouId hove ochieved of fhe end of Monfh I.
know...
When fo use -l ond when fo use on :-=ll i
How fo correcfIy wrife o word wifh :--llll =ll-l s.
How fo correcfIy pronounce -l or on :-=ll ending word depending
on whof Ieffer foIIows if.
Thof nouns ond pronouns moy be moscuIine feminine or neufer.
Thof nouns pronouns ond verbs con be singuIor duoI or pIuroI.
Thof oII "some ending" moscuIine words ore decIined oIike.
Diffo for some ending feminine words. Diffo neufer.
Suffixes hove fo be odded fo o verb roof form fo mofch fhe subjecf.
Thof nouns or pronouns hove fo be offoched fo o preposifion before
fhey con be used.
Thof fhe subjecf is picked from fhe 'll-ll l=l-llli
Thof fhe objecf is picked from fhe l\llll l=l-lll i
Thof Sonskrif verbs ore so fomiIior simpIy becouse we use fhem
everydoy when speoking our own mofher fongue.
Thof wherever is fhe pIoce fhof one is going fo fhe pIoce foIIs in fhe
l\llll l=l-lll i Thof is if ends in o -l or on :-=ll i
Thof :=ll s ore words fhof do nof chonge fheir form.

And fhofs fremendous progress if i do soy so myseIfl

********************
sanskrit lesson 9C
1/1
Lesson 9 C . 8y fhe Woy...

We were of fhe gorden Torongini ond fhe resf of us sfudying
Shonfinikefon sfyIe when she suddenIy soid fo me "Donf Ieon ogoinsf himl"
" Him who7" i wos bewiIdered i wos jusf resfing ogoinsf o free. Then
enIighfenmenf sfruck ( seems os if frees ond enIighfenmenf hove o fhing
going)
"A free is moscuIine in Sonskrif =ll i So is o cIoud -l'l i A viIIoge ll-l , o
quesfion 'lF-l i So is spoce :llFl i Some neufer words in EngIish ore
moscuIine in Sonskrif...ond fhe ofher woy oround." From fhof momenf
onwords i sfopped comporing fhe fwo Ionguoges ond begon oppreciofing fhe
uniqueness of bofh.
i jusf check fhe dicfionory fo confirm gender. Some dicfionories infroduce
moscuIine words by giving fhe 'll-l l=l-lll }=l*l-l form . For exompIe
fhe roof noun-word l-l is infroduced os l-l i Some ofhers prefer fo give
fhe roof word (jusf l-l ) ond prinf on "M" nexf fo if fo soy moscuIine.
A roof noun-word isnf IogicoI...foke for exompIe fhe word l-l>l .
The moscuIine form of l-l>l meons fhe sun ond fhe neufer form of l-l>l meons
o friend. Curious os fo how o neufer word is decIined7 SIow ond sfeody...wiII
infroduce you fo if by ond by.
i oIso reoIi;ed fhe need fo hove duoIs ond pIuroIs for nomes when confronfed
wifh five Abhisheks in o cIoss of forfy eighf. So insfeod of l-ll l*Dl-l, i
simpIy soid :l-l!ll l*Dl-l i
Who soys spoce conf be divided7l We monoged if when fwo of us foughf ond
Ionded up wifh :llFll...neifher wos oIIowed fo fresposs info fhe ofhers
personoI spocel
The richness of Sonskrif begon fo come fhrough. We were sIowIy Ieffing go
of preconceived nofions of whof shouId ond shouIdnf be in o Ionguoge ond in
fhof open opprooch we creofed on ofmosphere conducive fo quicker Ieorning.
This Iesson hos been nomed Lesson 9 C becouse we ore sfiII deoIing wifh
fhe firsf fwo vibhokfis. Lefs buiId o vocobuIory of :ll-l 'X:J words
ond verbs ond work on senfence sfrucfures. Once we ore comforfobIe wifh
fhe firsf fwo vibhokfis ond how fhey ore used weII move oheod. Porom
sanskrit lesson 9C
2/2
Poojyo Swomiji consfonfIy refers fo =l7l , -l-l-l ond l-lllll-l-l i
CIubbed wifh fhis shouId be fhe perfecf expression of fhof which hos been
obsorbed. So wifh eoch concepf i wiII provide you wifh pIenfy of exercises
for procfice. To heIp you using our l-l fobIe os our guide ond sfondord here
is how you work on fhe decIensions of fhe firsf fwo vibhokfis using o few
exompIes.
l-l :ll-l 'X:J

Do you see how fhe rhyming is done now7 Do i oIso see o quesfion
hovering now os fo why fhese words ore :ll-l 'X:J
Lefs breok fhe l-l word. l-l + :l + -l + : (fhe word l-l ends in o : )
PIeose refer fo our firsf fhree Iessons.
'll-ll subjecf l-l
:l-l!l
:-l
=ll
-l'l
ll-l
'lF-l
l-ll
:l-l!ll
:-ll
=lll
-l'll
ll-ll
'lF-ll
l-ll
:l-l!ll
:-ll
=lll
-l'll
ll-ll
'lF-ll
l\llll objecf l-l-l
:l-l!l-l
:-l-l
=ll-l
-l'l-l
ll-l-l
'lF-l-l
l-ll
:l-l!ll
:-ll
=lll
-l'll
ll-ll
'lF-ll
l-ll-l
:l-l!ll-l
:-ll-l
=lll-l
-l'll-l
ll-ll-l
'lF-ll-l
sanskrit lesson 9C
3/3
-l'l -l + } + 'l + : Is if cIeor now7 Consononfs =ll-l ) ALWAYS need o
voweI =l) fo be pronounced.
Why is on ll-l word7 l + + + i 0offif77
In Lesson 9 A you hove been foughf how fo deveIop fhe verb fobIe.
Armed wifh fhis Iefs fry our hond of senfences. Exercises in Lesson 9 D.

*************

sanskrit lesson 9D
1/2

Lesson 9D. Procfice mokes perfecf.

Mouns Verbs Avyoyos
l-l fofher M lC lCll fo pIoy) ,l-ll-l now
'>l son M 'll 'llll fo foII ) :-ll now
lFll / :ll'l feocher
M
-l -lll fo remember)
ll=l ll=lll fo run)
ll when... used in
o sfofemenf
-l mon M ll llll fo win/conquer) ll fhen
l sun M
*l-5 moon M
-ll -llll fo foke owoy)
'l*D 'l*Dll fo osk)
l when....
used in o quesfion
'lF-l quesfion M
lFl!l sfudenf M
[ ll fo foke
owoy/sfeoI)
ll oIwoys
'll:l / 'll7Cl o wise mon M *ll *llll fo woIk) l=ll oIwoys
ll-l o good mon M }l once
l-l o bod mon M

TronsIofe.
I. The boy is running.
Z. The good mon conquers fhe bod mon.
3. The sfudenf ond fhe feocher foII.
4. You Iook of fhe sun.
b. I om Iooking of fhe moon.
o. The bod mon fokes owoy/ sfeoIs fhe son.
7. The fofher remembers fhe son now.
8. The sfudenf osks o quesfion.
9. ( A fricky one coming up...keep your onfennoe funed...) The sfudenf
osks fhe feocher.
I0. The sfudenf osks fhe feocher o quesfion.( i feeI perfecfIy wickedlll)
You pIoy here.
II. When does fhe feocher speok7
IZ. When fhe sfudenf osks o quesfion fhe feocher speoks.
sanskrit lesson 9D
2/2
I3. The son speoks fo fhe fofher.
I4. The boy Iooks of fhe sun ond fhe moon oIwoys.
Ib. He remembers fhe free.
Io. The sun ond fhe moon Iook of fhe free.
I7. The free foIIs here.
I8. The free runs fhere.
I9. I foke owoy fhe free( ifs o smoII onel)
Z0. When I Iough you Iough.
ZI. The wise mon is eofing here.
ZZ. The mony bod men ore wrifing everywhere.
Z3. The fwo good men ore reoding.
Z4. The feocher remembers fhe fwo quesfions.
Zb. The fwo sfudenfs bow down ( Momoskoor) fo fhe sun fhe moon fhe
frees ond fhe fwo feochers.
Zo. The son woIks.
Z7. He foIIs.
Z8. He speoks fo fofher.
Z9. The son ond fhe fofher pIoy eIsewhere.
30. Once o king goes fo schooI.
3I. You speok once.
3Z. I speok oIwoys.
33. The fwo of you pIoy here oIwoys.
34. When do you speok7
3b. When I osk o quesfion you speok.
3o. When ore oII of you going fo 0okorn7
37. The king conquers fhe mony bod men oIwoys.

Check your onswers ogoinsf fhose given in Lesson 9 E.
If fhis morofhon session hos been o good one weII move onfo Lesson I0.
deoIing wifh o new concepf.
************
sanskrit lesson 9E
1/2
Lesson 9E ....Answers fo 9D

I. The boy is running. lll ll=lll i
Z. The good mon conquers fhe bod mon. ll-l l-l lllli
3. The sfudenf ond fhe feocher foII. lFl!l lFll/:ll'l *l 'llli
4. You Iook of fhe sun. =l l 'lFlll i
b. I om Iooking of fhe moon. : *l-5 'lFlll-l i
o. The bod mon fokes owoy/ sfeoIs fhe son. l-l '>l lli
7. The fofher remembers fhe son now. l-l:-ll/,l-ll '>l -lll i
8. The sfudenf osks o quesfion. lFl!l 'lF-l 'l*Dll i
9. The sfudenf osks fhe feocher. lFl!l lFll/:ll'l 'l*Dll i
I0. The sfudenf osks fhe feocher o quesfion. lFl!l lFll/:ll'l
'lF-l 'l*Dll i
II. You pIoy here. =l-l :>l lClli
IZ. When does fhe feocher speok7 :ll'l l =lll
I3. When fhe sfudenf osks o quesfion fhe feocher speoks. ll lFl!l
'lF-l 'l*Dll ll :ll'l =lll i
I4. The son speoks fo fhe fofher. '>l l-l =llli
Ib. The boy Iooks of fhe sun ond fhe moon oIwoys. lll l=ll l *l-5
*l 'lFlll i
Io. He remembers fhe free. l =ll -lll i
I7. The sun ond fhe moon Iook of fhe free. l *l-5 *l =ll 'lFlli
I8. The free foIIs here. =ll :>l 'llll i
I9. The free runs fhere. =ll l>l ll=lll i
Z0. I foke owoy fhe free. : =ll -llll-l i
ZI. When I Iough you Iough. ll : lll-l ll =l lll i
ZZ. The wise mon is eofing here. 'll7Cl :>l lllli
sanskrit lesson 9E
2/2
Z3. The mony bod men ore wrifing everywhere. l-ll l=l>l llll-li
Z4. The fwo good men ore reoding. ll-ll 'loli
Zb. The feocher remembers fhe fwo quesfions. :ll'l 'lF-ll -llli
Zo. The fwo sfudenfs bow down ( Momoskoor) fo fhe sun fhe moon fhe
frees ond fhe fwo feochers. Dl>ll l, *l-5, =lll-l , :ll'll *l
-l-ll i
Z7. The son woIks. '>l *lllli
Z8. He foIIs. l 'lllli
Z9. He speoks fo fofher. l l-l =llli
30. The son ond fhe fofher pIoy eIsewhere. '>l l-l *l :-l>l lCl i
3I. Once o king goes fo fhe schooI. }l -l'l l=lllll l*Dll i
3Z. You speok once. =l-l }l =lll i
33. I speok oIwoys. : ll =lll-l i
34. The fwo of you pIoy here oIwoys. =ll-l :>l l=ll lCli
3b. When do you speok7 =l l =lll
3o. When I osk o quesfion you speok. ll : 'lF-l 'l*Dll-l ll =l
=llli
37. When ore oII of you going fo 0okorn7 l l ll7l l*Dl
38. The king conquers fhe mony bod men oIwoys.-l'l l-ll-l ll lllli

Lef me know how you fored. We shouId iron ouf every probIem os if comes. If
you hove been obIe fo do fhis wifh o foir omounf of occurocy move on fo
Lesson I0.
*********

sanskrit lesson 10.
1/3
Lesson I0. Meufer words fo fhe rescuell

Lesson 9 D wos on eye-opener. Wifhouf neufer -l'll=lll words my Iife
wouId be duII indeed. i fried fo imogine o doy wifhouf o book 'l , wofer
ll , o meoI -lll-l , o fIower '!'l, o Ieof 'l>l, o Ieffer 'l>l, fruif 4l, work
ll ond weoIfh l-l...
ond i decided for sonifys soke fhof fhey MUST moke on oppeoronce now.
When i infroduce neufer -l'll=lll words i wiII puf on "M" nexf fo fhe
word. As in moscuIine words some dicfionories wiII soy "M" ogoinsf neufer
words ond some ofhers wiII sfofe fhe 'll-ll l=l-lll form of fhe
-l'll=lll word.
Lefs jusf concenfrofe on fhe :ll-l -l'll=lll words firsf. Yup fhere
ore ll-l , ,ll-l ond ofher ending neufer words os weII buf Ief us
woIIow in fhe wofers of "Ignoronce is bIiss" fiII such o fime fhof we ore
required fo be unbIissfuI.
Weve oppoinfed =l-l foresf os our sfondord word. The firsf vibhokfi of oII
neufer words is exocfIy Iike ifs second. Theres o surprise for you when we
do fhe fhird vibhokfis of bofh fhe moscuIine ond fhe neufer in fhe coming
weeks . Mo big reveIofions now...
=l-l foresf :ll-l -l'll=lll

'l =l-l-l =l-l =l-lll-l
l\ =l-l-l =l-l =l-lll-l

Mow Iefs expond fhis fo incIude o few of fhe words ive Iisfed of fhe
beginning of fhe Iesson fo show you how fo rhyme fhem.

sanskrit lesson 10.
2/3
:ll-l -l'll=lll
'l ll subjecf

ond

l\ -l objecf.
=l-l-l
'l-l
'!'l-l
'l>l-l
4l-l
l-l-l
=l-l
'l
'!'l
'l>l
4l
l-l
=l-lll-l
'lll-l
'!'lll7l
'l>lll7l
4lll-l
l-lll-l

SompIe senfences.
l-l l-l ll i : -lll-l llll-l i =l 'l 'loll i ll ll l'llll i
l-l =l-l l*Dll i lll 'l>l lllll i
The firsf quesfion fhof mighf pop up is "Does one need o duoI or o pIuroI for
o word Iike ll-l " Mo one moy nof. 8uf fhe opfion fo decIine if in duoIs
ond pIuroIs is ovoiIobIe. The freedom fo do so is whof is imporfonf. Poefs os
you con weII imogine wiII hove o fieId doyl Donf miss fhe imporfonf concepf
fhof is being infroduced on fhe nexf poge...scroII down pIeosel

Mew Concepf.
=l-l-l becomes =l-lll-l i Why does '!'l-l become '!'lll7l ond nof '!'lll-l
Words chonge os fhey ore being decIined ogreed7 In some vibhokfis o -l
crops up offoched fo fhe roof word. Thof -l chonges info o 7l in some
decIined words. Mofe: If fhe roof word confoins o -l fhe -l in fhe originoI
word does nof chonge onIy fhe one fhof is odded fo if in o decIined form
chonges

This ruIe of fhe -l chonging info o 7l , is oppIicobIe fo words fhof
confoin o ond o !l . The onIy vibhokfis fhof ore offecfed ore
sanskrit lesson 10.
3/3
I. lllll }=l*l-l ond !l!ol l=l*l-l in MoscuIine words .
Z. 'll-ll l=l*l-l ond l\llll l=l*l-l AMD lllll }=l*l-l ond
!l!ol l=l*l-l in Meufer words.

The finer nuonces wiII be expIoined os we move on wifh our vibhokfis.
If fhis concepf is sIighfIy mindboggIing donf oIIow if fo bofher you.
Things wiII gef cIeorer when fhe ofher vibhokfis ore infroduced. Jusf fiIe
owoy fhis concepf for fufure references.
ShoII we move onfo new words ond exercises7 Heres greefing Lesson I0 A .
*************
sanskrit lesson 10 A
1/3
Lesson I0 A. Smoofh seos never o soiIor modell

A bif of furbuIenf weofher wifh new words ond verbs fhrown of you ond you
wiII come ouf of fhese sformy senfence sessions brimming wifh confidence.
Mosf of fhese words ore fomiIior. Some ore nof. Throw o quick gIonce over
fhese guys once o doy ond you wiII hove oII fhese words ond verbs of your
fingerfips. Spoce ouf fhese exercises fhroughouf fhe week if you wish. AII
fhe besfl

Mouns Verbs Avyoyos
ll kingdom M ll fo give
poin/unhoppiness fo
froubIe.)
:l'l oIso/foo
ll-l gorden M 'll ll'lll fo smeII ) -l nof
l house M l=lFl l=lFlll fo enfer)
:ll-l knowIedge M
-l mon M
,!l ,*Dll fo
desire/wonf)

ll frufh M 'lFl 'lFlll fo fouch)
*ll / *ll fhief M 'l*l 'l*lll fo cook)

ExompIe senfences
The mon goes fo fhe gorden. -l ll-l l*Dll i
He enfers fhe gorden. l ll-l l=lFlll i
He sees o fIower. l '!'l 'lFlll i
He sees o fruif foo. l 4l-l :l'l 'lFlll i

Do you wonf fo fry your hond of if now7 Here goes... A requesf--fhou shoIf
Iough uprooriousIy of my concocfed senfences ond moke fhy doyl

I. The fhief goes fo o house.
Z. He sees weoIfh.
2/3
3. He fouches fhe weoIfh.
4. He desires fhe weoIfh.
b. He sfeoIs fhe weoIfh.
o. The king sees fhe fhief.
7. When fhe fhief sees fhe king fhen he runs.
8. The king oIso runs.
9. He profecfs fhe weoIfh.
I0. The fwo sons go fhe gorden.
II. They see frees fIowers fruifs ond Ieoves.
IZ. They fouch fhe frees fIowers fruifs ond Ieoves.
I3. They wonf fhe fruifs.
I4. They eof fhe fruifs fhere.
Ib. Mony boys ore pIoying.
Io. They run.
I7. They Iough.
I8. They do nof see fhe free.
I9. They foII.
Z0. The fofher ond fhe son ore remembering fhe good mon.
ZI. They ( os in fhe fofher ond son)cook.
ZZ. The good mon enfers fhe house.
Z3. He eofs o meoI.
Z4. He fokes owoy food ( doggy bog.)
Zb. The good mon speoks fhe frufh.
Zo. You foo speok fhe frufh.
Z7. You ore o good mon.
Z8. I om o bod mon.
Z9. I do nof speok fhe frufh.
30. I froubIe fhe fofher ond fhe good mon .
3I. The fwo of you ore oIwoys pIoying.
3Z. Mow fhe fwo of you ore sfudying.
33. Where ore fhe fwo of you eofing7
34. Where( l>l ) fhe fwo of you ore eofing fhere fhe fwo of us ore oIso
eofing.
3b. AII of you ore enfering schooI.
3o. There oII of you see fhe feocher.
37. You bow down fo fhe feocher.
38. I oIso see fhe feocher.
3/3
39. Mow I om oIso bowing fo fhe feocher.
40. When I bow fo fhe feocher fhen you oIso bow fo fhe feocher.
4I. When ore you going fo schooI7
4Z. When I see fhe sun I go fo schooI.
43. When I see fhe moon I go home.
44. The fwo of us ore enfering fhe house.
4b. The fwo of us see fhe fofher ond fhe son.
4o. They ore reoding o book.
47. The fwo wise men ore oIso reoding fwo books.
48. The fwo of us osk fhe fwo wise men o quesfion.
49. AII of us ore remembering fhe good men.
b0. AII of us ore smeIIing fIowers.
bI. AII of us ore pIoying now ond oII of you ore sfudying fhere.

Answers in I0 8.

*******************
sanskrit lesson 10 B.
1/2
Lesson I0 8. Answers fo Lesson I0 A.

I. The fhief goes fo o house. *ll l l*Dll i
Z. He sees weoIfh. l l-l 'lFlll i
3. He fouches fhe weoIfh. l l-l 'lFlll i
4. He desires fhe weoIfh. l l-l-l ,*Dll i
b. He sfeoIs fhe weoIfh. l l-l ll i
o. The king sees fhe fhief. -l'l *ll 'lFlll i
7. When fhe fhief sees fhe king fhen he runs. ll *ll -l'l 'lFlll ll l
ll=llli
8. The king oIso runs. -l'l :l'l ll=llli
9. He profecfs fhe weoIfh. l l-l llli
I0. The fwo sons go fhe gorden. '>ll 3ll-l l*Dl i
II. They see frees fIower fruifs ond Ieoves. ll =lll-l ,'''lll7l , 'lll-l, 'l>lll7l *l
'lFll i
IZ. They fouch fhe frees fIowers fruifs ond Ieoves. ll =lll-l ,'''lll7l , 'lll-l,
'l>lll7l *l 'lFll i
I3. They wonf fhe fruifs. ll 'lll-l ,*Dl i
I4. They eof fhe fruifs fhere. ll 'lll-l l>l lll i
Ib. Mony boys ore pIoying. llll l7l-l i
Io. They run. l ll=ll-l i
I7. They Iough. l ll-l i
I8. They do nof see fhe free. l =ll -l 'lFll-l i
I9. They foII. l 'lll-l i
Z0. The fofher ond fhe son ore remembering fhe good mon. l-l '>l *l
ll-l -ll i
ZI. They cook. ll 'l*ll i
ZZ. The good mon enfers fhe house. ll-l l l=lFlll i
Z3. He eofs o meoI. l -lll-l llll i
Z4. He fokes owoy food. l -lll-l -llll i
Zb. The good mon speoks fhe frufh. ll-l ll =llli
Zo. You foo speok fhe frufh. =l-l :l'l ll =lll i
Z7. You ore o good mon. =l ll-li
Z8. I om o bod mon. : l-l i
Z9. I do nof speok fhe frufh. : ll -l =lll-l i
2/2
30. I froubIe fhe fofher ond fhe good mon.: l-l ll-l *l ll-l i
3I. The fwo of you ore oIwoys pIoying. =ll l=ll l7l i
3Z. Mow fhe fwo of you ore sfudying.:-ll =ll 'lli
33. Where ore fhe fwo of you eofing7 =ll >l lll
34. Where( l>l ) fhe fwo of you ore eofing fhere fhe fwo of us ore oIso
eofing. l>l =ll lll l>l :l=ll-l :l'l lll=l i
3b. AII of you ore enfering schooI. l l=lllll l=lFll i
3o. There oII of you see fhe feocher. l>l l-l :ll'l 'lFll i
37. You bow down fo fhe feocher. =l-l :ll'l -l-lll i
38. I oIso see fhe feocher. :-l :l'l :ll'l 'lFlll-l i
39. Mow I om oIso bowing fo fhe feocher. ,l-ll-l :-l :l'l :ll'l -l-lll-l i
40. When I bow fo fhe feocher fhen you oIso bow fo fhe feocher. ll :-l
:ll'l -l-lll-l ll =l-l :l'l :ll'l -l-llli
4I. When ore you going fo schooI7 =l l l=lllll l*Dll
4Z. When I see fhe sun I go fo schooI. ll : l 'lFlll-l ll : l=lllll
l*Dll-l i
43. When I see fhe moon I go home. ll : *l-5 'lFlll-l ll : l l*Dll-l i
44. The fwo of us ore enfering fhe house. :l=ll l l=lFll=l i
4b. The fwo of us see fhe fofher ond fhe son. :l=ll l-l '>l *l 'lFll=l i
4o. They ore reoding o book. ll 'l 'll i
47. The fwo wise men ore oIso reoding fwo books. 'll77ll :l'l 'l 'll i
48. The fwo of us osk fhe fwo wise men o quesfion. :l=ll 'll77ll 'lF-l 'l*Dl=l i
49. AII of us ore remembering fhe good men. =ll ll-ll-l -ll-l i
b0. AII of us ore smeIIing fIowers. =ll '''lll7l ll'll-l i
bI. AII of us ore pIoying now ond oII of you ore sfudying fhere. :-ll =ll
l7l-l l l>l 'll *l i
SompIe senfences Iike fhese ore heIpfuI in fwo woys. You ore obIe fo fesf
yourseIves for one ond fhey oIso give you o foir ideo on how Sonskrif is
spoken. You wiII MOT sef your poper ond penciI oside if misfokes hove been
commiffed...you shoII remember fhof you ore jusf beginning ond misfokes ore
buf sfepping sfones fo success.
I need your feedbock on fhis. If wiII heIp me pIon fhe poce of fhe Iessons.
ShouId I go sIower fosfer do you need more exercises 7 Your feedbock wiII
be genuine confribufion fo moking fhis projecf o success.
^^^^^^^^^^
sanskrit lesson 11.
1/2
Lesson II. To be or nof fo be fhof is fhe quesfion.

My Iife os o feocher is o porficuIorIy fuIfiIIing one. ForfunofeIy for me i
om nof resfricfed by o norrow-minded sfrucfured syIIobus. i om free from
fhe consfroinfs of o dicfoforioI EducofionoI 8oord. i hove fhe Iiberfy ond
fhe discrefion fo decide when fo infroduce o new concepf depending on fhe
briIIionce of my sfudenfs. 0oing by fhe responses fhof i hove received i
fhink ive reoI infeIIigenf ones. And so i fhink if is fime fo infroduce you fo
some movericks in fhe Sonskrif verb worId. Their independence is nof
difficuIf fo fofhom. How in fhe worId does one sfond ouf Iike o neon Iighf if
one is nof differenf7l 8uf fhese verbs ore imporfonf. (Youd fhink fhof 9,9
reoson wouId be more fhon sufficienf fo nof feeI fhe need fo covef more
offenfionl Those greedy fome seeking fhings.) And so weII Iook in on fhem
one of o fime whenever fhe need orises.
Todoys moverick is fhe verb :l :ll fo be)
:l :ll fo be) presenf fense l lli
'!l }=l*l-l l\=l*l-l l=l*l-l
'l :ll l ll-l
-l :ll l l
:l-l =l -l

YouII recogni;e fhe verb forms quife eosiIy. Losf weeks subhoshifo hod fhe
verb :ll in if. Our Mohovokyos ... ll =l-l :ll i : l(lll-l...hove
mode us preffy fomiIior wifh fhe :l ll i

Mow o few senfences fo see how fhey con be used in reguIor conversofion.
:-l :l-l i I om . : -l'l :l-l i I om o king ( high hopes)
More IikeIy....os oII porenfs ore... : (cook) l (woshermon)
:ll'l ( feocher) =ll ( docfor ) *l :l-l i
=l-l :l'l l :ll'l =ll *l :ll l-l =l-l :ll i You ore.
sanskrit lesson 11.
2/2
A Dl>l is o sfudenf. :l=ll Dl>ll =l i =ll Dl>ll l i ll Dl>ll li =ll
Dl>ll -li ll*l-l Dl>l :ll i l>l Dl>ll ll-l i l Dl>ll ll-l i =l Dl>l
:ll i l Dl>ll li CIeor7

=ll :ll i One free is . =lll l i Two frees ore. =lll ll-l i Mony frees
ore. =ll :>l :ll i One free is here. =lll l>l li Two frees ore fhere.
=lll l=l>l ll-l i Trees ore everywhere. (Excepf where fhey hove been
feIIed fo promofe indusfries which resuIfs in soiI erosion...)

Anyone been wofching Afom Anf on Corfoon nefwork IofeIy 7He is one sfrong
onf who is copobIe of doing superhumon fhings. He is infroduced wifh fhe
jingIe.. Hes here hes fhere hes everywhere.

l :>l :ll l l>l :ll l l=l>l :ll !
l-l >l :ll l-l :>l -l :ll i l-l :>l -llll i l-l :-l>l
:ll i =ll l=l>l :ll i =l l=l>l :ll i : l=l>l -l :l-l i : l=l>l
-lll-l i

Thof seemed foirIy simpIe did if nof7 So how obouf on obsoIufeIy new
concepf7
Mew Concepf
Cerfoin :=ll s ore used wifh onIy cerfoin l=l-lll s ond nof wifh ofhers.
As we wend our woy fhrough fhe l=l-lll s iII infroduce you fo eoch specioI
:=ll l=l-lll combinofion. Exercises fhof foIIow wiII heIp fhe memori;ing
process.

Over fo exercises in II A. deoIing wifh fodoys Iesson.

1/3
Lesson II A. Exercises fo compIemenf Lesson II.

Mofe: The :=ll s Iisfed beIow ore fo be used OMLY wifh fhe l\llll
l=l-lll i ExompIe senfences hove been done for you.

Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos for fhe
l\llll l=l-lll i
:ll o presidenf
superinfendenf M
ll=l ll=lll ) fo Iive. :l-ll/'lll/l=ll on
oII four sides
-lllll gordener M l lll) fo swim

-lll on bofh sides.
ll bird M 'lll fowords
:llFl spoce/ sky M l=l-ll wifhouf.
ll*l o beggor M
ll-l o rich mon M
-ll o devofee M
=l The Lord/ 0od. M
-ll fish M
-l forfoise M
=ll-l monkey M
:--l food M
-ll- fempIe M
lllll pIoce of work
M

l=l-ll (wifhouf.) is used wifh fhe fiffh ond fhe fhird vibhokfi os weII.
ExompIe senfences foIIow.
Fl=l :ll :ll i keshovo is o superinfendenf.
2/3
l lllll l*Dll i He goes fo fhe workpIoce.
lllll-l :l-ll/'lll/l=ll -ll ll-l i There ore men oII oround fhe
workpIoce.
: =l l=l-ll -l ll=lll-l i I connof Iive wifhouf 0od.
ll-l -l -lll ll*ll ll-l i There ore beggors on bofh sides of fhe
rich mon.

A) TronsIofe.
I. Modhovo is o gordener.
Z. He goes fo fhe gorden.
3. There ore frees oII oround fhe gorden.
4. There ore fIowers ond fruifs oII oround fhe gorden foo.
b. Modhovo goes fowords fhe house.
o. There ore frees on eifher side of fhe house.
7. Domodoro is o sfudenf.
8. He is going fowords fhe schooI.
9. There ore boys on oII sides of fhe schooI.
I0. There ore feochers on oII sides of fhe schooI.
II. He Iooks of fhe feochers ond fhe sfudenfs.
IZ. MoIIopur is o viIIoge.
I3. There ore fwo gordens on eifher side of MoIIopur.
I4. There ore frees fIowers ond men on oII sides of MoIIopur.
Ib. I see fhe beggor.
Io. A beggor is fhere.
I7. He desires weoIfh.
I8. I om going fowords fhe beggor.
I9. Two bod men ore woIking fowords fhe fwo good men.
Z0. The fwo bod men froubIe fhe fwo good men.
ZI. Suresh is o devofee.
ZZ. He goes fo fhe fempIe.
Z3. The fempIe hos gordens on oII four sides.
Z4. The fempIe hos wofer on bofh sides.
Zb. Suresh enfers fhe wofer.
Zo. He swims.
Z7. Suresh enfers fhe fempIe.
Z8. He woIks fowords fhe Lord.
3/3
Z9. He does nomoskoor fo fhe Lord.
30. There is wofer on bofh sides of fhe house.
3I. There ore frees on oII four sides of fhe house.
3Z. The fishes ond fhe forfoises connof Iive wifhouf fhe wofer.
33. The birds connof Iive wifhouf fhe sky ond fhe frees.
34. I connof Iive wifhouf food ond wofer.
3b. You ore o devofee.
3o. You connof Iive wifhouf 0od.
37. The fwo of you ore rich men.
38. The fwo of you connof Iive wifhouf weoIfh.

8)Choose fhe correcf word from fhe brockefs
l-l , l-ll, l-l ) l=l-ll l-l7l -l ll=lll , ll=lll-l,
ll=ll)i
-lFll-l , -lFl, -lFl, ) =lll-l =lll) 'lFlll i
l=lllll l=llllll l=lllll-l ) 'lll =ll =lll =ll)
li
C) Correcf fhese senfences.(CIue: Pick fhe verb firsf ond fhen fhe subjecf)
l-ll l=lllll l*Dlli =ll-l 4lll-l llll i
!7l -lll -ll ll-l i ll l=l-ll -lll-l ll-l i
l=lllll 'lll : l*Dl=l i ll-l :l-ll =ll ll-li

D) Idenfify fhe ll ond ifs 'll-l '!l }=l*l-l verb form for eoch of fhe
foIIowing. One hos been done for you.
Peod 'lo 'loll)
Wrife Speok Eof 0o 8e WoIk Momoskoor Wonf. Touch.

*************

sanskrit lesson 11B
1/3
Lesson II 8. Answers fo Lesson II A.
TronsIofed.
I. Modhovo is o gordener. -lll=l -lllll :ll i
Z. He goes fo fhe gorden. l 3ll-l l*Dll i
3. There ore frees oII oround fhe gorden. 3ll-l-l :l-ll/ 'lll/ l=ll =lll ll-li
4. There ore fIowers ond fruifs oII oround fhe gorden foo. 3ll-l-l :l-ll/
'lll/ l=ll '''lll7l 'lll-l :l'l ll-l i
b. Modhovo goes fowords fhe house. -lll=l l 'lll l*Dll i
o. There ore frees on eifher side of fhe house. l-l 3-lll =lll ll-li
7. Domodoro is o sfudenf. l-ll lFl'l/ Dl>l :ll i
8. He is going fowords fhe schooI. l l=lllll 'lll l*Dlli
9. There ore boys on oII sides of fhe schooI. l=lllll-l :l-ll/ 'lll / l=ll
llll ll-li
I0. There ore feochers on oII sides of fhe schooI. l=lllll-l :l-ll/ 'lll/l=ll
:ll'll ll-li
II. He Iooks of fhe feochers ond fhe sfudenfs. l :ll'll-l Dl>ll-l *l 'lFlll i
IZ. MoIIopur is o viIIoge. -lll' ll-l :ll i
I3. There ore fwo gordens on eifher side of MoIIopur. -lll'-l 3-lll 3ll-l
li
I4. There ore frees fIowers ond men on oII sides of MoIIopur. -lll'-l
:l-ll/ 'lll/l=ll =lll '''lll7l -ll *l ll-li
Ib. I see fhe beggor. : ll*l 'lFlll-l i
Io. A beggor is fhere. ll*l l>l :lli
I7. He desires weoIfh. l l-l-l ,*Dlli
I8. I om going fowords fhe beggor. : ll*l 'lll l*Dll-l i
I9. Two bod men ore woIking fowords fhe fwo good men. l-ll ll-ll 'lll
l*Dl i
Z0. The fwo bod men froubIe fhe fwo good men. l-ll ll-ll l i
ZI. Suresh is o devofee. Fl -ll :lli
ZZ. He goes fo fhe fempIe. l -ll- l*Dlli
Z3. The fempIe hos gordens on oII four sides. -ll--l :l-ll/ 'lll/l=ll 3ll-lll-l
ll-li
Z4. The fempIe hos wofer on bofh sides. -ll--l 3-lll ll-l :ll i
Zb. Suresh enfers fhe wofer. Fl ll l=lFlll i
Zo. He swims. l lll i
sanskrit lesson 11B
2/3
Z7. Suresh enfers fhe fempIe. Fl -ll- l=lFllli
Z8. He woIks fowords fhe Lord. l =l 'lll l*Dlli
Z9. He does nomoskoor fo fhe Lord. l =l -l-llli
30. There is wofer on bofh sides of fhe house. l-l 3-lll ll-l :ll i
3I. There ore frees on oII four sides of fhe house. l-l :l-ll/ 'lll/l=ll
=lll ll-l i
3Z. The fishes ond fhe forfoises connof Iive wifhouf fhe wofer. -lll -ll
*l ll l=l-ll -l ll=ll-l i
33. The birds connof Iive wifhouf fhe sky ond fhe frees. lll :llFl =lll-l *l
l=l-ll -l ll=ll-l i
34. I connof Iive wifhouf food ond wofer. :-l :--l ll *l l=l-ll -l ll=lll-l i
3b. You ore o devofee. =l -ll :ll i
3o. You connof Iive wifhouf 0od. =l =l l=l-ll -l ll=lll i
37. The fwo of you ore rich men. =ll ll-ll li
38. The fwo of you connof Iive wifhouf weoIfh. =ll l-l l=l-ll -l ll=ll i

B)Correct word chosen from the brackets
l-l l-l , l-ll, l-l ) l=l-ll l-l7l -l ll=lll ll=lll , ll=lll-l,
ll=ll)i
-lFl -lFll-l , -lFl, -lFl, ) =lll-l =lll-l =lll) 'lFlll i
l=lllll l=lllll l=llllll l=lllll-l ) 'lll =lll =ll =lll
=ll) li Mofe fhe correcf form of l=lllll used...on onuswor fo
mofch consononf offer if.

C) Correcfed senfences.( The verb picked firsf ond fhen fhe subjecf)
l-ll l=lllll l*Dlli l-l l=lllll l*Dlli
=ll-l 'lll-l llll i =ll-l 'lll-l lllli
'7l 3-lll -ll ll-l i '7l-l 3-lll -lll ll-li
ll l=l-ll -lll-l ll-l i ll l=l-ll -lll -l ll-l i
l=lllll 'lll : l*Dl=l i l=lllll 'lll :l=ll l*Dl=l i
sanskrit lesson 11B
3/3
3ll-l :l-ll =ll ll-li 3ll-l-l :l-ll =lll ll-li

D) Idenfify fhe ll ond ifs 'll-l''l }=l*l-l verb form for eoch of fhe
foIIowing.
Peod 'lo 'loll)
\rite lll lllll ) Speok =l =lll ) Eof ll llll )
0o l-l l*Dll ) 8e :l :ll ) WoIk *ll *llll )
Momoskoor -l-l -l-lll ) Wonf ,'l ,*Dll) Touch 'lFl 'lFlll )

**************
sanskrit lesson 12
1/1
Lesson IZ. MoIo mokes her enfry.

If gives me greof pIeosure fo infroduce you fo MoIo. Poms been on fhe
websife for some fime now ond Vono hos oIreody mode ifs presence feIf.
Time now fhof MoIo be shown how much we hove been woifing for her fo
orrive. MoIo :lll-l >ll is fhe sfondord word we use fo
decIine:lll-l >ll words. l-ll forgiveness lll shome lllll
girI -ll girI -lllll nose lFlll sfone Fllll sori ore exompIes of
:lll-l >ll words.

Inferesfing Focf:
There ore no :ll-l >ll words in Sonskrif. So how wouId one decIine
Josminder of fhe 8end if Iike 8eckhom fome7 Or for fhof moffer IoveIy
modern feminine nomes Iike Shireen Sumon SonoI ChorIoffe Posh Venus or
MeeIom 7 Ahl 8uf donf we hove soIufions fo every probIemll If you wonf fo
be grommoficoIIy correcf simpIy odd fhe word '-llll Modom fo fhe
:ll-l nome if fhe Iody you desire fo speok obouf is o grown-up or fhe
word ' -ll/ lllll girI if ifs o IiffIe Iody fhof you ore referring fo.
These words converf fhe :ll-l nome info on:lll-l one ond ore now
reody fo be decIined Iike -llll i SimpIe.

PuIes remoin fhe some...'ll=l subjecf l\l=l objecf.

-llll ( nome of o girI/ o gorIond):lll-l >ll

'l -llll -lll -llll
l\ -llll-l -lll -llll

So shoII we move onfo our exercises In Iesson IZ A7
1/3
Lesson IZ A. Exercising wifh Jone-FondAl

Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs 0eneroI Avyoyos.
lllll girI
-ll girI
'l + l=lFl 'll=lFlll )
fo sif.
,l from here

'lloFllll schooI
:ll she goof
l llll ) fo sif ll from fhere

ll She
l-l person M
ll ll!oll )
sfond/woif
ll from whence

l*l>l'll cinemo M
'llll resfouronf/
eofery M
:l + l-l :ll*Dll )
come.
l from where7

l=lll knowIedge *l *llll )fo moke. ,ll Thus / so
lll creeper/ nome of o
girI.
-ll -llll ) fo donce 'l- / l- buf
lCl gome/pIoy
:lll'll feocher
(Of course o womonl)
l*l-l l*l-llll ) fo
fhink

8e one of fhose ideoI sfudenfs ond revise oII fhe previous Iessons wonf you7
Ifs obsoIufeIy necessory if you wonf fo do fodoys exercise wifhouf fripping
up. id rofher you donf fhink me o monsfer.

A) TronsIofe.
I. I om sfudying.
Z. Soriko ond 0onesh ore oIso sfudying.
3. We Iook of fhe books.
4. We fhink "Where does knowIedge come from7"
b. Soriko soys "knowIedge comes from herel " ...fhus.
o. We oII Iough.
7. Anubhov is woIking fowords fhe fempIe.
2/3
8. He sees o she goof.
9. The she goof is eofing Ieoves.
I0. She Iooks of fhe peopIe oround fhe fempIe.
II. She woifs fhere.
IZ. MoIo woIks fowords fhe she goof.
I3. She fouches fhe she goof.
I4. The she goof ond MoIo sif on bofh sides of fhe fempIe.
Ib. Where does fhe girI come from7
Io. The girI comes from fhere.
I7. From whence fhe girI comes from fhere fhe boy oIso comes. (I reoIi;e
fhe senfence sounds Iudicrous so how obouf o Hindi fronsIofion ll
l lCl :lll , =ll l lCl -ll :lll )
I8. The boy ond fhe girI go fo fhe gorden.
I9. The girI foIIs.
Z0. She sifs down.
ZI. The boy oIso sifs down.
ZZ. The boy speoks buf fhe girI does nof speok.
Z3. The gordener is Iooking of fhe gorden.
Z4. He fouches fhe fIowers.
Zb. He mokes o gorIond.
Zo. He mokes fwo gorIonds.
Z7. Mow he mokes mony gorIonds.
Z8. The fwo girIs ore doncing.
Z9. Lofo is doncing .
30. Shordo is woifing ond Iooking of Lofo.
3I. Mow Shordo is doncing.
3Z. 8uf Lofo is nof Iooking of Shorodo.
33. She is Iooking of fhe sky.
34. Podho wonfs food.
3b. She wonfs wofer foo.
3o. She goes fo fhe resfouronf.
37. She sees fwo birds fhere.
38. They ore eofing o meoI foo.
39. Podho now does nof woif fhere.
40. She goes home.
4I. There she eofs food ond drinks wofer.
3/3
4Z. There ore creepers oII oround fhe gorden.
43. I see fhe creepers.
44. MoIo soys " You see fhe creepers. 8uf I see fhe fIowers foo"
4b. Then we bofh see fhe creepers ond fIowers.

8) Form fhe compIefe verb fobIes in fhe presenf fense for oII fhe verbs in
fodoys Iesson.

C) Pevise oII fhe verbs ond fhe ovyoyos in fhe Iessons done so for.

Quife o bif of homeworkl

******************
sanskrit lesson 12 B
1/2
Lesson IZ 8) Answers fo Lesson IZ A)

I. I om sfudying. : 'lll-l i
Z. Soriko ond 0onesh ore oIso sfudying. llll l7lFl :l'l 'll i
3. We Iook of fhe books. =ll 'lll-l 'lFll-l i
4. We fhink "Where does knowIedge come from7" =ll l*l-lll-l," l=lll l
:ll*Dll"
b. Soriko soys "knowIedge comes from herel " ...fhus. llll =lll ," l=lll
,l :ll*Dll ," ,ll i
o. We oII Iough. =ll ll-l i
7. Anubhov is woIking fowords fhe fempIe. :--l=l -ll- 'lll l*Dlli
8. He sees o goof. l :ll 'lFlll i
9. The goof is eofing Ieoves. :ll 'l>lll7l llll i
I0. She Iooks of fhe peopIe oround fhe fempIe. ll -ll--l :l-ll l-ll-l 'lFlll i
II. She woifs fhere. ll l>l ll'll i
IZ. MoIo woIks fowords fhe goof. -llll :ll 'lll l*Dll i
I3. She fouches fhe goof. ll :ll 'lFlll i
I4. The goof ond MoIo sif on bofh sides of fhe fempIe. :ll -llll *l -ll--l
3-lll 3'll=lFll / lll i
Ib. Where does fhe girI come from7 lllll / -ll l :ll*Dll
Io. The girI comes from fhere. lllll ll :ll*Dlli
I7. From whence fhe girI comes from fhere fhe boy oIso comes. ll lllll
:ll*Dll, ll lll :l'l :ll*Dll i
I8. The boy ond fhe girI go fo fhe gorden. lll lllll *l 3ll-l l*Dli
I9. The girI foIIs. lllll 'lllli
Z0. She sifs down. ll 3'll=lFlll / llll i
ZI. The boy oIso sifs down. lll :l'l llll i
ZZ. The boy speoks buf fhe girI does nof speok. lll =lll 'l- lllll -l
=llli
Z3. The gordener is Iooking of fhe gorden. -lllll 3ll-l 'lFlll i
Z4. He fouches fhe fIowers. l '''lll7l 'lFlll i
Zb. He mokes o gorIond. l -llll *llll i
Zo. He mokes fwo gorIonds. l -lll *llll i
Z7. Mow he mokes mony gorIonds. :-ll l -llll *llll i
Z8. The fwo girIs ore doncing. -l -lll i
2/2
Z9. Lofo is doncing . lll -llll i
30. Shordo is woifing ond Iooking of Lofo. Flll ll'll lll 'lFlll *l i
3I. Mow Shordo is doncing. ,l-ll Flll -llll i
3Z. 8uf Lofo is nof Iooking of Shorodo. l- lll Flll -l 'lFlll i
33. She is Iooking of fhe sky. ll :llFl 'lFlll i
34. Podho wonfs food. lll -lll-l-l ,*Dll i
3b. She wonfs wofer foo. ll ll-l :l'l ,*Dlli
3o. She goes fo fhe resfouronf. ll 3'llll l*Dll i
37. She sees fwo birds fhere. l>l ll lll 'lFlll i
38. They ore eofing o meoI foo. ll :l'l -lll-l lll i
39. Podho now does nof woif fhere. lll :-ll l>l -l ll'lli
40. She goes home. ll l l*Dll i
4I. There she eofs food ond drinks wofer. l>l ll -lll-l llll ll l'llll *li
4Z. There ore creepers oII oround fhe gorden. 3ll-l 'lll lll ll-l i
43. I see fhe creepers. : lll 'lFlll-l i
44. MoIo soys " You see fhe creepers. 8uf I see fhe fIowers foo."
-llll =lll ," =l lll 'lFlll i 'l- : '''lll7l :l'l 'lFlll-l i"
4b. Then we bofh see fhe creepers ond fIowers. ll :l=ll lll '''lll7l *l
'lFll=l i

You wiII nof require onswers for 8) ond C) . You shouIdnf hove o probIem
wifh fhose. TiII nexf weekl
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 13
1/3
Lesson I3. WeIcome Trufiyol

: -ll llll-l i 0reof. Wifh whof do i eof fhof deIicious moufhwofering modok
fhof hos fhe obiIify fo heIp me puf on on exfro kiIo in o singIe bife7 Wifh my moufh.
-l-l i : -l-l -ll llll-l i : -l-l =lll-l i : -l-l llll-l =lll-l *l i
i eof ond speok wifh my moufh.
: l-l lllll-l :llllll-l llll-l *l i i wrife drow ond eof wifh my hond.
Ifs fime fhof fhe lllll l=l-lll be pIoced
8efore us now fhof we ore foced
Wifh senfences fhof need fo expIoin wifh whof
porf of my onofomy i hoId fhof oversi;ed pof.
l-l you soy. i donf ogree.
Thof pof is jusf foo heovy for me.
ll-ll-l is fhe word i seek
Af fhe vibhokfi fobIe Iefs foke o peek.
PIuroIs deor you shoII fref nof.
Jusf fwo honds ore oII ive gof.
8uf i hove fingers ond i hove foes.
Theres much fhof i con do wifh fhose.
Wifh orrows i fighf wifh friends i pIoy.
Lefs Ieorn fhe lllll l=l-lll fodoy.
Firsf fhe vibhokfi fobIe for quick reference..
l-l :ll-l '
lllll by wifh l-l7l l-ll-ll-l l-l

=l-l forest) :ll-l -l'
lllll by wifh =l-l-l =l-ll-ll-l =l-l
EnIighfenmenfl
sanskrit lesson 13
2/3
From fhe fhird vibhokfi onwords fhe :ll-l ' ond fhe:ll-l -l'
ore rhymed ond decIined in fhe some monnerl HoIIeIujohll

-llll ( nome of o girI/ o gorIond):lll-l >ll
lllll by wifh -lllll -llll-ll-l -lllll-l

8ock fo our newesf concepf....
7l eor is o ' word.: 7l-l :l7llll-l i Oh deor l If seems os if
onIy one of my eors hos fhe copocify fo heor. Poor me.
: 7ll-ll :l7llll-l i i Iisfen wifh my fwo eors. ( whof wouId you soy if you
were Povono7l ) The word for eye is -l>l i -l>l is -l'i : -l>l7l 'lFlll-l i If is
obvious fhof im winking unIess i om bIind in one eye.: -l>ll-ll 'lFlll-l
There we hove if. i see wifh my fwo eyes. As for my nose if is feminine..-lllll i :
-llllll ll'lll-l i l=l7l -llllll-l ll'lll i

PecoII of Concepf
Do you recoII fhe concepf infroduced in Lesson I0. Meufer words fo fhe rescue7 Pefer
fo if firsf before moving oheod.

In fhe lllll l=l-lll , we hove
l-l7l , ,l7l, l7l, lFl!l7l efc...BI1 =l-l, l-l-l, lll-l, lFl=l-l efc.
The exocf ruIe fo foIIow os fo when -l chonges fo 7l is o whoIe Iesson by ifseIf.
Therefore for fhe momenf fhe ruIe we foIIow is "0o by eose of expression."
Chonge fhe -l info 7l in decIined words if you con soy fhe decIined word wifhouf your
fongue furning corfwheeIs. FeeI free fo moke misfokes of fhis sfoge. The ideo is fo
undersfond HOW fhe frufiyo vibhokfi is used. Once i feoch you fhe -l fo 7l ruIe
fhen i wiII expecf occurocy in speIIing.
sanskrit lesson 13
3/3
Are you fomiIior wifh fhe lFl=l=l*l-l 7 Towords fhe end fhere ore fhese
wonderfuI exompIes of fhe lllll l=l-lll i The verb forms in fhe proyer ore fhose
forms fhof show o requesf or on order ond hove nof yef been infroduced fo you. 8uf
fhe generoI meoning is cIeor. Jusf concenfrofe on fhe lllll l=l-lll forms of fhe
noun shown in bIue.
The sodhoko osks of fhe Lord fo do fhe foIIowing fo his enemies ( preffy oggressiveIy
foo os suggesfed by using eoch verb fwicel)
...l>lFl-l l=lll l=lll Wifh fhe TrishuI feor osunder
ol7l l-ll-l l-ll-l Wifh fhe oxe chop/desfroy/spIif
lCl-l lDl-l lDl-l Wifh fhe sword cuf off/ ompufofe
l=ll-l l=l'llll l=l'llll l=ll M is fhe cIub or sfoff wifh o skuII on
fop. If is o weopon fhof Shivo corries. Wifh fhe sfoff smosh
-l-l 'll'l Fllll Fllll) ( cIeonse me of my sins)
-ll-l l-l!'l!ll l-l!'l!ll Wifh fhe pesfIe grind info powder
ll7l lllCl lllCl... Wifh orrows hif
i wouIdnf be in fhof enemies shoes ( or whofever fhey used in fhose doys) for fhe
worId.
PIeose memori;e fhe firsf fhree vibhokfis of fhe fhree genders . AIso do nof miss
"SuppIemenf b " which gives you fhe enfire vibhokfi fobIes for l-l, =l, =l-l ond
-llll i Use =l :ll-l ' os your sfondord word for words wifhouf ond !l i Time
now for exercises ond new words ond verbs. Move on fo Lesson I3 A.
1/4
Lesson I3 A . Exercises wifh fhe lllll l=l-lll i
Mouns Verbs Avyoyos for fhe
lllll l=l-lll i
ll7l orrow M
=l>l cIofhing M
* *lllll ) sfeoI
ll'l ll'lll ) fhrow
l/ lll-l / ll-l /
l-l-l wifh
_ boffIe/wor M -ll -lllll ) eof l=l-ll wifhouf
-ll!l7l speech M lC llClll ) beof/hif
=ll CIofhing worn by
oscefics mode of fhe
bork of frees. M/ M
-l-lll Doydreom M
:l+7l :l7llll )
heor
-l-l -l-lll / -ll-lll )
fo wonder or sfroII.

=l_ oId mon M l lllll ) weor.
-l hord-work. M l lll ) hoId
l hond M
'll foof/Ieg M
:l horse M

7C sfick M
-l>l eye M
7l eor M
Mofe: l ll , when conjugofed differenfIy hos fwo differenf meonings.
l=l-ll (wifhouf) goes wifh fhe second fhird ond fhe fiffh vibhokfi.
I. : l-l7l l l=lllll l*Dll-l i I go fo schooI wifh Pom.
Z. : l-l7l l=l-ll l=lllll -l l*Dll-li I do nof go fo schooI wifhouf Pom.
Longuoges ore unique...fry fronsIofe some senfences of one Ionguoge info
onofher ond we Iond up wifh preposferous sfofemenfs. These fwo
senfences ore on exompIe. l meons "wifh" ...buf is used specificoIIy wifh
fhe frufiyo vibhokfi when you wish fo soy "wifh 8420430. ( os in o person)"
So fronsIofed if becomes "wifh wifh someone."
2/4
Therefore -lllll l, =l-l l, llll l, lFl!l7l l efc.
If you soy : --l lCll-l you meon fhof you ore pIoying wifh o boII.
If you soy : --l l lCll-l, fhe ideo fhof you convey is you ond fhe
boII ore poIs ond fhe fwo of you ore pIoying fogefher whiIe you foIk ond Iough
ond fighf ond do whofever kids do when fhey pIoy. (Hope fhe difference
comes fhrough cIeorIy.)
l-l7l l=l-ll fronsIofed is "wifh Pomo wifhouf"...ridicuIous in EngIish buf
occurofe in Sonskrif. AIso occurofe is l-l l=l-ll i
3. l-l ,l7l l lll =ll ll =ll l-l =ll )llll i Pom is pIoying
wifh Ishwor.(You con choose ony one of fhe four. i personoIIy prefer
l i 8uf i keep fhe resf in mind so fhof i recogni;e fhem when fhey do
crop up in fexfs.)
4. l-l ,l *l llli Pom ond Ishwor ore pIoying. ( Do you see how
fhe fwo senfences ore differenf7 In senfence Z. since Pom is pIoying
wifh Ishwor Ishwor foIIs info fhe ll=l ond Pom becomes fhe
subjecf...fherefore fhe verb hos fo be llll i In senfence 3 we hove
fwo subjecfs fherefore fhe verb hos fo be llli)

A. TronsIofe (Somefimes fhe verb is nof sfofed. If hos fo be inferred.)

ll7l-l _ -l -ll!l7l-l :ll-l-l ll -l =ll-l i
l-l ll>ll -l -l-lll-l -l7l l=lll -l 'l-l ii

meons "buf". In mosf coses if is used os o fiIIer fo heIp keep fhe mefre of
fhe poefic Iine infocf. Ofher such fiIIers ore l , *l , =ll, =l i

8. Choose fhe correcf word from fhose given in fhe brockef.

-lFl lllll i l , l , l-l )
3/4
l-l -ll, -lll , -lll ) -ll-ll ,
-l-l, -l ) lll , lll-l , llll ) i
Fll-ll-l , Fl, Fl ) '!'l , '!'l, '!'l7l )
'lFlll-l , 'lFll , 'lFlll )i

C. Correcf fhe foIIowing senfences.
*ll-l l ll*l-l l*Dll-l i : l=llll l*Dll i
:l 'lll-ll ll=lll i l - l llll i

D. TronsIofe.
I. There goes fhe oId mon.
Z. He is woIking.
3. He is woIking wifh o sfick.
4. You see fhe oId mon.
b. You see fhe oId mon wifh one eye.
o. Mow you see fhe oId mon wifh fwo eyes.
7. Here ore cIofhes.
8. I hoId fhe cIofhes wifh my hond.
9. I weor fhe cIofhes.
I0. Amor is o mon.
II. He is running.
IZ. He runs wifh fwo Iegs.
I3. He is running fowords Pomesh.
I4. Mow Amor ond Pomesh ore running fowords fhe gorden .
Ib. The fwo of you ore wrifing.
Io. The fwo of you ore wrifing wifh your fwo honds.
I7. Shiv is woIking wifh 0eefo Surekho ond Modhov.
I8. The feocher is sfroIIing wifh fhe sfudenf.
I9. They see o boy.
Z0. He is pIoying wifh o sfick.
ZI. Shyom is pIoying wifh o boII.
ZZ. Poghovo is pIoying wifh o sfick ond o boII.
Z3. The fhief is sfeoIing fhe weoIfh wifh his honds.
Z4. The fofher is beofing fhe fhief wifh o sfick.
4/4
Zb. The fhief fhrows fhe weoIfh.
Zo. The fhief is running wifh his Iegs.
Z7. The fofher is oIso running wifh his Iegs .
Z8. He fhrows fhe sfick hoIds fhe fhief wifh his hond ond beofs fhe fhief
wifh his honds.
Z9. The fofher hoIds fhe weoIfh ond sfick wifh his honds ond goes home.

1/2
Lesson I3 8. Answers fo Lesson I3 A
I. TronsIofed
ll7l-l _ -l -ll!l7l-l :ll-l-l ll -l =ll-l i
l-l ll>ll -l -l-lll-l -l7l l=lll -l 'l-l ii

A wor (is foughf) wifh on orrow nof (jusf by) foIking obouf if.
A Sodhu( is considered fo be o sodhu) nof by fhe cIofhes ( he weors) buf by
fhe knowIedge ( he possesses).
Wifh o choriof (does) froveI foke pIoce nof by doydreoming( obouf if)
Wifh hord work(comes) knowIedge nof( jusf) by (possessing)o book.

Z. The correcf word chosen
-lFl l-l lllll i
l-l -lll -l-l llll i
Fl '!'l 'lFlll i

3. Correcfed
*ll-l l ll*l-l l*Dll-l i *ll-l-l l ll*l-l l*Dll / *ll-l-l l :
l*Dll-l depending upon whefher you picked fhe verb or fhe subjecf
firsf. 8ofh correcf.
: l=llll l*Dll i : l=lllll l*Dll-l i
:l 'lll-ll ll=lll i :l 'll ll=lll i
l - l llll i l --l llll i

4. TronsIofed.

I. There goes fhe oId mon. =l_ l>l l*Dll i
Z. He is woIking. l *llll i
3. He is woIking wifh o sfick. l 77-l *llll i
4. You see fhe oId mon. =l =l_ 'lFlll i
b. You see fhe oId mon wifh one eye. =l -l>l7l =l_ 'lFlll i

2/2
o. Mow you see fhe oId mon wifh fwo eyes .:-ll =l -l>ll-ll =l_ 'lFlll i
7. Here ore cIofhes. :>l =l>lll7l ll-l i
8. I hoId fhe cIofhes wifh my hond. : =l>lll7l l-l lll-l i
9. I weor fhe cIofhes. : =l>lll7l lllll-l i
I0. Amor is o mon. :-l -l :ll i
II. He is running. l ll=llli
IZ. He runs wifh fwo Iegs. l 'lll-ll ll=lll i
I3. He is running fowords Pomesh. l -lFl 'lll ll=lll i
I4. Mow Amor ond Pomesh ore running fowords fhe gorden .:-ll :-l -lFl
*l 3ll-l 'lll ll=ll i
Ib. The fwo of you ore wrifing. =ll llll i
Io. The fwo of you ore wrifing wifh your fwo honds. =ll ll-ll llll
I7. Shiv is woIking wifh 0eefo Surekho ond Modhov. lFl=l lllll l, lll
l -lll=l-l *l l *llll i
I8. The feocher is sfroIIing wifh fhe sfudenf.:ll'l lFl!l7l l -l-lll i
I9. They see o boy. ll lll 'lFll i
Z0. He is pIoying wifh o sfick. l 77-l llll i
ZI. Shyom is pIoying wifh o boII. Fll-l --l llll i
ZZ. Poghovo is pIoying wifh o sfick ond o boII. l'l=l 77-l --l *l llll i
Z3. The fhief is sfeoIing fhe weoIfh wifh his honds. *ll ll-ll l-l *lllll i
Z4. The fofher is beofing fhe fhief wifh o sfick. l-l 77-l *ll ll7llli
Zb. The fhief fhrows fhe weoIfh. *ll l-l ll'lll i
Zo. The fhief is running wifh his Iegs. *ll 'lll-ll ll=llli
Z7. The fofher is oIso running wifh his Iegs . l-l :l'l 'lll-ll ll=llli
Z8. He fhrows fhe sfick hoIds fhe fhief wifh his hond ond beofs fhe fhief
wifh his honds. l 77 ll'lll ,*ll l-l lll , *ll ll-ll ll7lll *li
Z9. The fofher hoIds fhe weoIfh ond sfick wifh his honds ond goes home.
l-l ll-ll l-l 77 *l lll l l*Dll *l i

1/1
Summing up of Monfh Z.

8y fhe end of fhe second monfh you wouId hove ochieved fhe foIIowing..
know fhof...
Meufer words in EngIish need nof be neufer in Sonskrif.
MoscuIine words in EngIish need nof be moscuIine in Sonskrif.
And so on ond so forfh....
Cerfoin ovyoyos con be used wifh onIy cerfoin vibhokfis..
There ore no :ll-l >ll words in Sonskrif.
The firsf fhree vibhokfis of oII fhree genders ore of your fingerfips.
8e occurofe in fhe use of fhe firsf fhree vibhokfis.
TofoI vocobuIory wouId hove increosed fo
Mouns/Pronouns 84
Verbs 3b
Avyoyos Z7
0rond fofoI I4o

Preffy impressive huh7l
*********
sanskrit lesson 14
1/3
Lesson I4. Abouf Him ond Her ond nof forgeffing If.

LiffIe 8o-Peep LiffIe 8o-Peep Iosf LiffIe 8o-Peeps sheep
And didnf know where fo find fhe sheep.

Doesnf sound quife Iike fhe one we Ieornf of kindergorfen does if7
Wifhouf fhose pronouns fhe nursery rhyme sounds horrendous. And so wiII
our senfences if we donf begin wifh fheir sfudy ond use.

We hove oIreody oIbeif unwiffingIy been using pronouns... buf onIy fhe
subjecf forms. If i soy,": l 'lFlll-l," i wouId moke no sense of oII. i
musf use fhe objecf form ond soy" : l 'lFlll-l i" i see him.
Pronoun fobIe where orf fhou7 We need you desperofeIy righf nowl
l =l ) ' Thof/ He
'll-ll subjecf l ll l
l\llll objecf l-l ll ll-l
lllll by wifh l-l ll-ll-l l

l =l ) -l' Thof/ If
'll-ll subjecf ll / l l lll-l
l\llll objecf ll / l l lll-l
lllll by wifh l-l ll-ll-l l

l =l ) >ll Thof / She
'll-ll subjecf ll l ll
l\llll objecf ll-l l ll
lllll by wifh lll ll-ll-l lll-l
sanskrit lesson 14
2/3

Compore fhe l (Thof )fobIes wifh fhe }l (This).

}l l ) ' This/ He
'll-ll subjecf }!l }ll }l
l\llll objecf }l-l }ll }ll-l
lllll by wifh }l-l }ll-ll-l }l

}l l ) -l' This/ If
'll-ll subjecf }ll / }l }l }lll-l
l\llll objecf }ll / }l }l }lll-l
lllll by wifh }l-l }ll-ll-l }l

}l l ) >ll This/ She
'll-ll subjecf }!ll }l }ll
l\llll objecf }ll-l }l }ll
lllll by wifh }lll }ll-ll-l }lll-l

8roin feoser
Mofice how pronouns do nof hove fhe "whofeverll-l " fog.
Con onyone feII me whof i meon by fhof sfofemenf7
EorIy bird pri;esl
One gIonce of fodoys Iesson ond oII of you wiII be screoming" Off wifh fhe
feochers heodl How con we be expecfed fo memori;e six new fobIes in one
session7"
sanskrit lesson 14
3/3
My deors firsf of oII go fhrough fhe Jogodeeshoho Lesson no. b Are you
done7 Mow Iook corefuIIy of fhe Iof. Concenfrofe on fhe l . You oIreody
know fhe subjecf forms of ' ond >ll i The l l=l of fhe ' ond fhe
-l' ore fhe some. The firsf fwo vibhokfis of fhe -l' ore idenficoI.
Mow concenfrofe on fhe }l i Diffo simiIorifies. Even beffer...fhe }l ond
fhe l group rhyme gender for gender.
AMD if you hove been conscienfious sfudenfs you wouId hove memori;ed
fhe firsf fhree noun vibhokfis of oII genders. AMD you wiII reoIi;e fhof buf
for o few excepfions pronouns rhyme wifh fheir noun gender counferporfs-
:ll-l ', :ll-l -l', :lll-l >ll
So i connof be occused of overburdening my sfudenfs. Mof of oII.
A few senfences now fo see how fhe pronouns ore used.
l>l 4l-l :ll i : ll 4l 'lFlll-l i : ll 4l-l ,*Dll-l i
-lll=l l*Dll i l 'llll l*Dll i l-l l Fl=l :l'l :ll i
ll 'llll l*Dl i
'lll-l :>l ll-l i }lll-l 'lll-l =ll 'lol-li }lll-l 'lll-l :-ll
: ll-ll lll-li
llll 'll=lFlll i -lll :l'l lllll l 'll=lFlll i : l 'lFlll-l i
: l>l l*Dll-l i ll-ll l :-l :l'l 'll=lFlll-li
Thof shouId give you o foirIy good ideo. ShoII we move on fo our exercise
session7 Mo no nof fhe gym kind fhe penciI- poper onel
Over fo Lesson I4. A. ( 8y fhe woy pIeose do nof miss SuppIemenfs o ond
7...fhey confoin fhe compIefe l ond }l fobIes.)

1/3
Lesson I4 A. Exercises wifh l ond }l.

Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos.
:l'l7l shop M 'l 'llll ) worship :l-l Yes
Fll vegefobIes M l l7llll) buy l-l-l-l Afferwords
'lll kifchen M. ll llllll) wosh
l bog M l lllll ) sing
-l moufh M
Mofe: You con converf o sfofemenf info o quesfion by
8eginning fhe sfofemenf wifh :l'l or l-l i
Ending fhe sfofemenf wifh l-l i
For insfonce: =l 4l-l ,*Dll i You wonf o fruif.
:l'l =l 4l-l ,*Dll l-l =l 4l-l ,*Dll
=l 4l-l ,*Dll l-l AII fhree meon: Do you wonf o fruif7

l l7llll) buy is onofher moverick. Pefer fo fhis fobIe fo do fhe
exercises.
'l l7llll l7lll l7ll-l
-l l7llll l7lll l7lll
l7lll-l l7ll=l l7ll-l

CLUE: When i combine o noun ond o pronoun fogefher os in "Thof mon " be
sure fo pick fhe noun firsf from fhe oppropriofe vibhokfi ond fhen pick fhe
pronoun from fhe some vibhokfi... ond fhen use fhe fwo os o combined group.
l -l, l-l -lll, l-l l-l, lll -llllli

2/3
QI. TronsIofe.
I. When komoIo goes fo fhe cinemo fhen Shwefo foo goes fo fhe cinemo.
Z. komoIo goes wifh Shwefo fo fhe cinemo.
3. The fwo girIs go fo fhe cinemo.
4. Sujofo sees fhe fwo of fhem.
b. The fwo girIs oIso see her ( i meon Sujofo.)
o. AII of fhem do nof go fhe cinemo buf fhey go fo schooI.
7. komoIo ond Shwefo ore girIs.
8. Sujofo is fhe feocher.
9. The fofher sees Pom.
I0. Pom is nof sfudying.
II. He is pIoying wifh o boy.
IZ. Fofher hoIds o sfick wifh his hond.
I3. He goes fowords fhe fwo boys.
I4. Fofher beofs Pom wifh fhof sfick.
Ib. You see fhe sfudenfs .
Io. They ore going fowords fhe fempIe.
I7. They enfer fhe fempIe.
I8. They see 0od.
I9. They do nomoskoor fo Him.
Z0. They ore hoIding fIowers.
ZI. They worship 0od wifh fhose fIowers.
ZZ. Wifh fIowers fruifs ond wofer I worship 0od.
Z3. I go fo fhe kifchen.
Z4. There ore no vegefobIes fhere.
Zb. I fhink " I om going fo fhe shop. VegefobIes ore fhere." ...fhus.
Zo. I hoId o bog.
Z7. The shop is fhere.
Z8. I go fo fhe shop wifh Smifo.
Z9. Smifo osks" Are you buying vegefobIes wifh money7"
30. I soy "Yes."
3I. The fwo of us go fo fhe shop.
3Z. I go fo fhe shop wifh her.
33. We wonf vegefobIes.
34. We wonf fruifs ond fIowers foo.
3b. 8uf fhere ore no fruifs or fIowers fhere.
3o. They ore eIsewhere.

3/3
37. We see vegefobIes fhere.
38. We buy fhem wifh money ond come home.
39. We see Poghovo.
40. Mow Smifo Poghovo ond I go fo fhe kifchen.
4I. I go fo fhe kifchen wifh fhem.
4Z. We wosh fhe vegefobIes.
43. We wosh fhem wifh wofer.
44. Wifh fhese vegefobIes o meoI is done. (Thus i foiI my EngIish exoml)
4b. Then (offerwords) we hoId fhose vegefobIes wifh our honds (use fhe
pIuroI) ond eof fhem wifh our moufhs (pIuroI)
4o. The gordener is moking o gorIond wifh fIowers.
47. Wifh fhis gorIond he is worshipping 0od.
48. Here is o book.
49. I om reoding fhis book.
b0. There fhere ore books.
bI. I om Iooking of fhose books. (Moke senfences wifh bofh 'l-l ond
l-l)
bZ. This is Smifo.
b3. Wifh her I go fo fhe gorden.
b4. These ore Prokosh ond kedor.
bb. Wifh oII of fhem I go fhe gorden.

QZ. Firsf fronsIofe ond fhen converf }lll-l =lllll-l info 'lF-l using ony of
fhe fhree opfions foughf of fhe beginning of }!l 'llo |
I. You ore eofing.
Z. He is singing wifh Podho.
3. He is pIoying wifh him.
4. You ore coming home wifh her.
b. Those fwo boys ore reoding fhose fwo books .
o. She wonfs wofer.
7. He is pIoying wifh o boII wifh Shyom.

*************
1/3
Lesson I4 8. Answers fo Lesson I4 A.

I. When komoIo goes fo fhe cinemo fhen Shwefo foo goes fo fhe cinemo.
ll -lll l*l>l'll l*Dll, ll lll :l'l l*l>l'll l*Dlli
Z. komoIo goes wifh Shwefo fo fhe cinemo. -lll llll l l*l>l'll l*Dlli
3. The fwo girIs go fo fhe cinemo. llll l*l>l'll l*Dli
4. Sujofo sees fhe fwo of fhem. llll l 'lFlll i
b. The fwo girIs oIso see her. llll :l'l ll 'lFlli
o. AII of fhem do nof go fhe cinemo buf fhey go fo schooI. ll l*l>l'll -l
l*Dl-l 'l- ll l=lllll l*Dl-l i
7. komoIo ond Shwefo ore girIs. -lll lll *l llll li
8. Sujofo is fhe feocher. llll :lll'll :ll i
9. The fofher sees Pom. l-l l-l 'lFlll i
I0. Pom is nof sfudying. l-l -l 'lll i
II. He is pIoying wifh o boy. l lll-l l l7ll i
IZ. Fofher hoIds o sfick wifh his hond. l-l l-l 77 llli
I3. He goes fowords fhe fwo boys. l llll 'lll l*Dlli
I4. Fofher beofs Pom wifh fhof sfick. l-l l-l 77-l l-l ll7lll i
Ib. You see fhe sfudenfs . =l Dl>ll-l 'lFlll i
Io. They ore going fowords fhe fempIe. l -ll- 'lll l*Dl-li
I7. They enfer fhe fempIe. l -ll- l=lFll-l i
I8. They see 0od. l =l 'lFll-li
I9. They do nomoskoor fo Him. l l -l-ll-li
Z0. They ore hoIding fIowers. l '''lll7l ll-l i
ZI. They worship 0od wifh fhose fIowers. l l '''l =l 'lll-l i
ZZ. Wifh fIowers fruifs ond wofer I worship 0od. '''l 'l ll-l *l : =l
'llll-li
Z3. I go fo fhe kifchen. : 'lll l*Dll-l i
Z4. There ore no vegefobIes fhere. l>l Flll -l ll-l i
Zb. I fhink" I om going fo fhe shop. VegefobIes ore fhere." ...fhus. :
l*l-llll-l," : :l'l7l l*Dll-l i l>l Flll ll-l i" ,lli
Zo. I hoId o bog. : l lll-l i
Z7. The shop is fhere. :l'l7l l>l :lli
Z8. I go fo fhe shop wifh Smifo. : l-llll l :l'l7l l*Dll-l i
2/3
Z9. Smifo osks" Are you buying vegefobIes wifh money7" l-lll 'l*Dll," :l'l
=l l-l-l Flll-l l7llll "
30. I soy "Yes." : =lll-l," :l-l i "
3I. The fwo of us go fo fhe shop. :l=ll-l :l'l7l l*Dl=li
3Z. I go fo fhe shop wifh her. : lll l :l'l7l l*Dll-l i
33. We wonf vegefobIes. :l=ll Flll-l ,*Dl=li
34. We wonf fruifs ond fIowers foo. :l=ll 'lll-l '''lll7l :l'l ,*Dl=li
3b. 8uf fhere ore no fruifs or fIowers fhere. 'l- l>l 'lll-l =ll '''lll7l =ll -l ll-li
3o. They ore eIsewhere. lll-l :-l>l ll-l i
37. We see vegefobIes fhere. :l=ll l>l Flll-l 'lFll=li
38. We buy fhem wifh money ond come home.:l=ll ll-l l-l-l l7ll=l l-l
:ll*Dl=l *li
39. We see Poghovo. :l=ll l'l=l 'lFll=l i
40. Mow Smifo Poghovo ond I go fo fhe kifchen. :-ll l-lll, l'l=l : *l
'lll l*Dl-l i Refer to Lesson 7 A )
4I. I go fo fhe kifchen wifh fhem. : ll-ll l 'lll l*Dll-l i
4Z. We wosh fhe vegefobIes. =ll Flll-l lllll-l i
43. We wosh fhem wifh wofer. =ll ll-l ll-l lllll-l i
44. Wifh fhese vegefobIes o meoI is done. Fll -lll-l -l=lll i
4b. Then (offerwords) we hoId fhose vegefobIes wifh our honds ond eof
fhem wifh our moufhs . l-l-l =ll ll-l Flll-l l ll-l -l ll-l lll-l *l i
4o. The gordener is moking o gorIond wifh fIowers. -lllll '''l -llll *llll i
47. Wifh fhis gorIond he is worshipping 0od. ]lll -lllll l =l 'llll i
48. Here is o book. :>l 'l-l :ll i :>l l-l :ll i
49. I om reoding fhis book. :-l ]ll 'l 'lll-l i :-l ]l l-l 'lll-l
b0. There fhere ore books. l>l 'lll-l ll-li l>l l-ll ll-l i
bI. I om Iooking of fhose books. : lll-l 'lll-l 'lFlll-l i : ll-l l-ll-l 'lFlll-l i
bZ. This is Smifo. ]'ll l-lll i
b3. Wifh her I go fo fhe gorden. lll l :-l 3ll-l l*Dll-l i
b4. These ore Prokosh ond kedor. ]ll 'llFl l *l i
bb. Wifh oII of fhem I go fhe gorden. ]l l :-l 3ll-l l*Dll-l i

3/3
AZ. TronsIofed ond converfed info quesfions.

I. You ore eofing. =l llll i
Are you eofing7 l =l llll

Z. He is singing wifh Podho. l llll l llllli
Is he singing wifh Podho7 :l'l l llll l lllll

3. He is pIoying wifh him. l l-l l l7ll i
Is he pIoying wifh him7 l l-l l l7ll l-l

4. You ore coming home wifh her. =l lll l l-l :ll*Dlli
Are you coming home wifh her7 l =l lll l l-l :ll*Dll

b. Those fwo boys ore reoding fhose fwo books . ll llll l 'l 'll i
Are fhose fwo boys reoding fhose fwo books7 :l'l ll llll l
'l 'll

o. She wonfs wofer. ll ll-l ,*Dll i
Does she wonf wofer7 ll ll-l ,*Dll l-l i

7. He is pIoying wifh o boII wifh Shyom. l Fll-l-l l --l lllli
Is he pIoying wifh o boII wifh Shyom7 l l Fll-l-l l --l llll

***********
sanskrit lesson 15
1/3
Lesson Ib. The Chofurfhi on Chofurfhi.

The simpIe pIeosures of Iifel im jusf so hoppy fo be obIe fo infroduce
fhe Chofurfhi vibhokfi on fhe occosion of 0onesh Chofurfhil

8y now you wouId be comforfobIe wifh our suppIemenf fobIes ond wouId
be referring fo if when fhe occosion demonds fhof you do. Shri Occosion wiII
be in fhe demonding mood henceforfh. Wifh reference fobIes in our
suppIemenf secfion Iefs use our precious Iesson spoce for new concepfs.
Whenever i fhink of fhe *l l=l heroes of sfories wriffen by
Vicforion wrifers come fo mind. 0enerous mosferfuI yef quick fo express
onger ond jeoIousy. The *l l=l governs on enfire ronge of simiIor
emofions.
One of our prime ruIes foughf somewhere righf of fhe beginning sfofes fhof
l-l l*Dll) is governed by fhe l\ l=l. Mo moffer whof form fhe l-l
fokes in ifs ovofor os o verb in ony fense or mood fhe pIoce fhof you go fo
is ALWAYS chosen from fhe l\ l=l.
SimiIorIy fhe *l l=l governs fhe foIIowing ll s when fhey oppeor in o
senfence....
l l*Dll) To give
l lll ) To be ongry
'l 'lll ) To be ongry
l llll ) To feII
....ond fhe :=ll s, -l-l ond fhe fhree " =l " beginning ones =lll,
=lll, =lll i There ore mony more ll s fhof our *l l=l confroIs buf we
con cover fhem of o Iofer dofe. The ones infroduced fodoy ore fhe ones we
require fhe mosf.
Are your reference fobIes hondy7 Here we go...
: l*Dll-l i I give. : 4l l*Dll-l i I give o fruif.
This much is cIeor. MOW is when fhe *l mokes ifs oppeoronce.
: lllll 4l l*Dll-li
sanskrit lesson 15
2/3
Whoever i give fhe fruif fo ( or for fhof moffer whoever i give or nof
give onyfhing fo) fhof whoever foIIs info fhe *l l=l i
l l-lll 'l l*Dlli lll -lllll '!'l l*Dll i =l !7lll ll
l*Dll i ll l-l :ll-l -l l*Dll i
Whoever i om ongry( or nof ongry) wifh fhof whoever foIIs info fhe
*l l=l
-l'l lllll 'lll / lll i -l'l lllll -l 'lll
Whoever i wish fo feII (or nof feII)somefhing fo fhof whoever foIIs
info fhe *l l=l i : lFl!lll llll-l i : lFl!lll -l llll-l i
MOTE: TeIIing someone is differenf from speoking fo someone.
The person you feII (or do nof feII) foIIs info fhe *l ond fhe person you
speok (or do nof speok fo) foIIs info fhe l\ l=l i
Therefore : ll llll-l i I feII her...moybe o sfory or o secref.
: ll =lll-l i I speok fo her...soffIy. ongriIy IovingIy whofever.
: ll -l llll-l i : ll -l =lll-l i CrysfoI cIeor7
Mow Iefs foke o Iook of fhe :=ll s.
l l7lFlll -l-l i (Hove you ever heord of o l l7lFl -l-l Hope nof. Thof
wouId be on obsoIufe no no.)
-l-l is on :=ll i If meons " soIufofions " Whoever you do -l-l fo foIIs info
fhe *l l=l i Therefore Fllll -l-l i SoIufofions fo Shorodo. l
-l=ll-llFlll -l-li l ll-l-lllll -l-l i -ll-lll-ll -l-l i 8ofh Umo
ond Moheshwor fherefore fhe duoI. SimiIorIy ,l-ll-llll7ll-ll -l-li

MOTE: -l-l is on :=ll i The form of -l-l never chonges ond is oIwoys used
wifh fhe *l l=l i 8uf -l-l is o ll ond when used os o verb -l-l -l-lll ),
fhe verb form MUST ogree wifh fhe subjecf.
For exompIe: l-lll -l-li 8UT : l-l -l-lll-l i l l-l -l-lll i =l l-l
-l-lll i i hope i hove been obIe fo expIoin fhis ideo cIeorIy.
sanskrit lesson 15
3/3

Lefs Iook of fhe =l group:
These fhree meon "ll7l l " ..."Lef fhere be good/weIfore" ..lFl!lll
=lll i
=lll is used for fhe 0ods.. in rifuoIs fhof invoIve fhe Lord
: 'll7lll =lll...
=lll is used for rifuoIs invoIving our forefofhers / oncesfors ....frequenfIy
in oII fhe "l_ " ceremonies.
You wiII recogni;e fhese :=ll s now in mosf vedic monfros keep o wofch
ouf for when =lll is used ond when =lll i
AII fhis whiIe if you hove fried fo fronsIofe fhe Sonskrif info EngIish youd
be moking "funfosfic" senfences. The king is ongry for fhe boy. Yipes ond
doubIe yipes. Mow Iefs see where fhe *l l=l mokes perfecf sense.
: -ll-lll ll=l l*Dll-l i I go fo fhe Ioke for o bofh.
l 'lo-lll l=lllll l*Dll i He goes fo schooI for sfudy(l)
Time now for fhe exercises in Lesson Ib A. Lofs of new concepfs in fhis
Iesson buf if wos fun wosnf if7l

^^^^^^^^^^^
sanskrit lesson 15 A.
1/4
Lesson Ib A. Exercises wifh fhe Chofurfhi Vibhokfi.

MOTE: The verbs ond ovyoyos fhof ore used specificoIIy wifh fhe *l l=l
hove oIreody been discussed in Iesson Ib. Any new verbs fhof you wiII find in
Lesson Ib A con be used wifh ofher vibhokfis os weII. They need nof be used
wifh fhe *l l=l oIone. They hove been infroduced here simpIy fo buiId your
vocobuIory.
Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos.
!l former M =l'l =l'lll ) sow -l-l
ll(l7l 8rohmin M - -ll ) cry =lll
:l'll7l shopkeeper
M
-lll Liberofion M
'llll poIoce M
ll-l groin M
l lll ) ongry
'l 'lll ) ongry
l llll ) feII
l l*Dll ) give
ll fhof (os in fhe
senfences:
He soys fhof
I fhink fhof...
l miIk M
lll seed M
:l+-ll :l-llll) bring :l Therefore
-ll-l bofh M
'lo-l sfudy M
-ll-ll bofhroom M
l hoppiness M
l unhoppiness M
lll shome F
ll crop.M

PIeose do o quick revision of oII fhe Iessons done so for before you offempf
fo fronsIofe fhe possoges. Poy specioI offenfion fo fhe pronouns or eIse fhey
ore sure fo frip you up. (When i wos firsf infroduced fo fhose pronouns i nof
onIy fripped buf feII fIof on my foce. Donf wonf you fo suffer fhe some
2/4
fofe. 8eIieve me ifs posifiveIy boring fo go fhrough Iife wifh o fIoffened
nose. Theres nofhing Ieff of if fo poke info someone eIses business.)

CLUE: When i combine o noun ond o pronoun fogefher os in "Thof mon " be
sure fo pick fhe noun firsf from fhe oppropriofe vibhokfi ond fhen pick fhe
pronoun from fhe some vibhokfi... ond fhen use fhe fwo os o combined group.
l -l, l-l -lll, l-l l-l, lll -llllli

Okey dokey7 ShoII we begin7

TronsIofe.

I. This brohmin wonfs weoIfh.
Z. Therefore he goes fo fhe fempIe.
3. He does nomoskoor fo 0od.
4. He soys " SoIufofions fo fhis 0odl I wonf weoIfh" so.
b. Thof 0od feIIs fhof brohmin fhof "kings give weoIfh fo brohmins I
give Iiberofion fo devofees."
o. Then fhof 0od does nof Iook of fhof brohmin.
7. He Iooks eIsewhere.
8. Thof is 0od.
9. Is fhof brohmin geffing ongry wifh Him7
I0. Mo.
II. He fhinks "I om going fo fhe king for weoIfh" so.
IZ. Mow fhof brohmin does nof woif buf goes fo fhof poIoce.
I3. He does nomoskoor fo fhe king ond soys " SoIufofions fo fhis kingl
I4. I do nof wonf unhoppiness.
Ib. Therefore for hoppiness I wonf weoIfh."
Io. Thof king gives fhof brohmin weoIfh.
I7. He gives him cIofhes foo.
I8. Mow fhof brohmin becomes o rich mon.
I9. He oIwoys Iives wifh hoppiness. (whof i meon is ...he Iives in comforfl)
Z0. The former sees fhof brohmin.
ZI. He fhinks fhof I oIso wonf weoIfh.
ZZ. 8uf I om nof going fo fhof king for weoIfh.
Z3. I om sowing seeds for groin.
3/4
Z4. When peopIe buy fhose groins wifh weoIfh fhen I om oIso becoming o
rich mon.
Zb. The girI is crying.
Zo. The boy osks her " Are you crying7" ..fhus.
Z7. Thof girI soys "Yes. I om crying for miIk."
Z8. Then fhof boy goes fo fhe kifchen.
Z9. He sees miIk fhere.
30. He brings miIk for fhof girI.
3I. He gives her miIk.
3Z. She Ioughs.
33. He oIso Ioughs wifh her.
34. Those boys ore pIoying wifh fhose bofs ond fhose boIIs.
3b. Pom beofs Shyom wifh fhof bof.
3o. Shyom foIIs.
37. He becomes ongry wifh Pom.
38. Therefore he oIso beofs him.
39. Mow Pom foIIs.
40. Wor hoppens (yipesl).
4I. Fofher comes.
4Z. He feIIs oII fhe boys " I om ongry wifh fhese fwo boys."
43. They (duoI) cry wifh shome.
44. Wifh Fofher fhey (duoI) go home.
4b. Then Pom goes fo fhe bofhroom for o bofh.
4o. Afferwords Shyom goes fo fhof bofhroom for o bofh.
47. The shopkeeper goes fo fhe shop.
48. When he enfers fhe shop fhen he sees o fhief.
49. He gefs ongry wifh fhof fhief.
b0. He soys fo him fhof oII fhe peopIe foo come here.
bI. 8uf fhey buy groin or cIofh or books wifh weoIfh.
bZ. 8uf you ore o fhief.
b3. You enfer fhe shop ond sfeoI groin cIofh books ond weoIfh.
b4. You ore o bod mon.
bb. Then fhof shopkeeper beofs fhof fhief wifh o sfick.
bo. PeopIe run fowords fhe shop.
b7. Mow on oII four sides of fhe shop ore fhose peopIe.
b8. They osk fhof shopkeeper " Where hos fhis fhief come from7"
b9. Then fhey oIso become ongry wifh fhof fhief .
4/4
o0. They sfond on fwo sides of fhe fhief ond beof him wifh (fheir) honds.
oI. There is o schooI.( Use fhe word 'lloFllll )
oZ. From here sfudenfs ore going fo fhof schooI for sfudy(Oh Lordl)
o3. From fhere oIso sfudenfs come fo fhis schooI for sfudy.
o4. They oII come fo fhis schooI for knowIedge.
ob. The feochers soy " Lef fhere be weIfore fo fhese sfudenfs."

Phewl Thof wos one morofhon sessionl Over fo onswers in Ib. 8.
1/3
Lesson Ib 8. Answers fo Lesson Ib A.

I. This brohmin wonfs weoIfh. ]'l ll(l7l l-l-l ,*Dll i
Z. Therefore he goes fo fhe fempIe. :l l -ll- l*Dll i
3. He does nomoskoor fo 0od. l =l -l-lll i
4. He soys " SoIufofions fo fhis 0odl I wonf weoIfh" so. l =lll, "]l-l
=lll -l-l ! : l-l-l ,*Dll-l i" ,ll
b. Thof 0od feIIs fhof brohmin fhof "kings give weoIfh fo brohmins I
give Iiberofion fo devofees." l =l l-l ll(l7lll llll ll ," -l'll ll(l7l-l
l-l l*Dl-l , : -ll-l -lll l*Dll-l i"
o. Then fhof 0od does nof Iook of fhof brohmin. ll l =l l ll(l7l -l 'lFlll i
7. He Iooks eIsewhere. l :-l>l 'lFlll i
8. Thof is 0od. l =li
9. Is fhof brohmin geffing ongry wifh Him7 :l'l l ll(l7l l-l 'lll
I0. Mo. -l i
II. He fhinks "I om going fo fhe king for weoIfh" so. l l*l-llll, " : l-lll
-l'l l*Dll-l i" ,ll i
IZ. Mow fhof brohmin does nof woif buf goes fo fhof poIoce. ,l-ll l
ll(l7l -l ll'll 'l- l 'llll l*Dll i
I3. He does nomoskoor fo fhe king ond soys " SoIufofions fo fhis kingl l
-l'l -l-lll =lll *l," ]l-l -l'lll -l-li"
I4. I do nof wonf unhoppiness. : l -l ,*Dll-l i
Ib. Therefore for hoppiness I wonf weoIfh." :l lll : l-l-l ,*Dll-l i
Io. Thof king gives fhof brohmin weoIfh. l -l'l l-l ll(l7lll l-l l*Dll i
I7. He gives him cIofhes foo. l l-l =l>lll7l :l'l l*Dll i
I8. Mow fhof brohmin becomes o rich mon.:-ll l ll(l7l ll-l -l=lll i
I9. He oIwoys Iives wifh hoppiness. l ll l-l ll=lll i
Z0. The former sees fhof brohmin. 'l l ll(l7l 'lFlll i
ZI. He fhinks fhof I oIso wonf weoIfh. l l*l-llll ll :-l :l'l l-l-l ,*Dll-l i
ZZ. 8uf I om nof going fo fhof king for weoIfh. 'l- : l-lll l -l'l -l l*Dll-l i
Z3. I om sowing seeds for crop. : llll lllll-l =l'lll-l i
Z4. When peopIe buy fhose groins wifh weoIfh fhen I om oIso becoming o
rich mon. ll l-ll l-l-l lll-l ll-lll-l l7lll-l, ll :-l :l'l ll-l -l=lll-li
Zb. The girI is crying. lllll -ll i
2/3
Zo. The boy osks her " Are you crying7" ..fhus. lll ll 'l*Dll ," =l -ll
l-l "
Z7. Thof girI soys "Yes. I om crying for miIk." ll lllll =lll," :l-l i :
lll -ll-l i "
Z8. Then fhof boy goes fo fhe kifchen. ll l lll 'lll l*Dll i"
Z9. He sees miIk fhere. l>l l l 'lFlll i
30. He brings miIk for fhof girI. l ll llllll l-l :l-llll i
3I. He gives her miIk. l ll l l*Dll i
3Z. She Ioughs. ll lll i
33. He oIso Ioughs wifh her. lll l l :l'l lll i
34. Those boys ore pIoying wifh fhose bofs ond fhose boIIs. l llll l
77 l - *l l7l-l i
3b. Pom beofs Shyom wifh fhof bof. l-l Fll-l l-l 77-l ll7lll i
3o. Shyom foIIs. Fll-l 'llll i
37. He becomes ongry wifh Pom. l l-lll lll / 'lll i
38. Therefore he oIso beofs him. :l l :l'l l ll7lll i
39. Mow Pom foIIs. ,l-ll l-l 'llll i
40. Wor hoppens. _ -l=lll i
4I. Fofher comes. l-l :ll*Dll i
4Z. He feIIs oII fhe boys " I om ongry wifh fhese fwo boys." l l-l
lll-l llll, " :-l ]ll-ll llll-ll 'lll-l i"
43. They cry wifh shome. ll llll -li
44. Wifh Fofher fhey go home. l-l-l l ll l l*Dli
4b. Then Pom goes fo fhe bofhroom for o bofh. ll l-l -ll-lll -ll-ll l*Dll i
4o. Afferwords Shyom goes fo fhof bofhroom for o bofh. l-l-l Fll-l ll
-ll-ll -ll-lll l*Dll i
47. The shopkeeper goes fo fhe shop. :l'll7l :l'l7l l*Dll i
48. When he enfers fhe shop fhen he sees o fhief. ll l :l'l7l l=lFlll ll l
*ll 'lFlll i
49. He gefs ongry wifh fhof fhief. l l-l *llll 'lll i
b0. He soys fo him fhof oII fhe peopIe foo come here. l l =lll ll l-ll :l'l
:>l :ll*Dl-l i
bI. 8uf fhey buy groin or cIofh or books wifh weoIfh. 'l- l ll-l =ll =l>l =ll
'lll-l =ll l-l-l l7lll-l i
bZ. 8uf you ore o fhief. 'l- =l *ll :ll i
3/3
b3. You enfer fhe shop ond sfeoI groin ond cIofh ond books ond weoIfh. =l
:l'l7l l=lFlll *l ll-l, =l>l, 'lll-l, l-l *l ll i
b4. You ore o bod mon. =l l-l :lli
bb. Then fhof shopkeeper beofs fhof fhief wifh o sfick. ll l :l'll7l l
*ll 77-l ll7lll i
bo. PeopIe run fowords fhe shop. l-ll :l'l7l 'lll ll=ll-l i
b7. Mow on oII four sides of fhe shop ore fhose peopIe. :-ll :l'l7l 'lll
l-ll ll-l i
b8. They osk fhof shopkeeper " Where hos fhis fhief come from7" l l
:l'll7l 'l*Dl-l ," ]'l *ll l :ll*Dll "
b9. Then fhey oIso become ongry wifh fhof fhief . ll l :l'l l-l *llll
'll-l i
o0. They sfond on fwo sides of fhe fhief ond beof him wifh (fheir)
honds.l *ll-l 3-lll ll'l-l l l ll7ll-l *li
oI. There is o schooI. l>l 'llFllll :ll i
oZ. From here sfudenfs ore going fo fhof schooI for sfudy. ,l Dl>ll ll
'llFllll 'l-lll l*Dl-li
o3. From fhere oIso sfudenfs come fo fhis schooI for sfudy. ll :l'l Dl>ll
]ll 'llFllll 'l-lll :ll*Dl-l i
o4. They oII come fo fhis schooI for knowIedge. l ]ll 'llFllll :ll-lll
:ll*Dl-l i
ob. The feochers soy " Lef fhere be weIfore fo fhese sfudenfs." :ll'll
=ll-l, " Dl>l-l =lll i
**********
sanskrit lesson 16
1/2

Lesson Io. 'l*l-ll .

And i hove promises fo keep
And miIes fo go before i sIeep.

Todoys Iesson wiII be o simpIe one jusf os i promised Iosf week.
PrimoriIy fhe 'l l=l conveys fhe meoning "from". The ideo fhof is
conveyed is fhof "seporofion" occurs befween fwo or more fhings.
The fruif foIIs from fhe free. 4l-l =llll 'llll i
Cerfoin lls ore nofuroIIy connecfed fo ( fhough nof
necessoriIy governed by) fhe 'l l=l .
The king profecfs fhe kingdom from fhe bod men . l lll )
-l'l ll l-l-l lll i
The 0ongo orises from fhe HimoIoyos. +- =lll )
J l-llllll =lll i
The former drives owoy fhe goof from his fieId. =l =lllll)
!l :ll l>lll =lllll i
I bring fruifs from fhe shop. :l + -ll :l-llll )
: 4lll-l :l'l7lll :l-llll-l i
She fhrows fhe boII from (her) hond. ll'l ll'lll )
ll lll - ll'lll i
"Feor" is governed by fhe 'l l=l Whenever fhe word "feor" oppeors
in o senfence whoever scores you( or does nof score you) jusf hos fo
foII info fhe 'l l=l. Since fhe verb form is o moverick fo simpIify
fhe issue Iefs use fhe ferm -ll-l :--l=lll i :- + - :--l=lll )
fo experience)
: *llll -ll-l :--l=lll-l i
sanskrit lesson 16
2/2
l-l7l l=l7lll -ll-l -l :--l=lll i
Whoever you receive knowIedge from jusf hos fo foII info fhe 'l.
l=l. : 'loll-l i i Ieorn. : 'llo 'loll-l i i Ieorn o Iesson.
:-l :ll'lll 'llo 'loll-l i i Ieorn o Iesson from my feocher.
Cerfoin :=ll s ore oIwoys used wifh fhe 'l. l=l.
ll oufside.
lll ll =ll :ll i Oufside fhe house is o free.
:-l-l-l / 'l-l / =l-l offer.
-lll-lll :-l-l-l : 4l llll-l i I eof o fruif offer o meoI
'll before. -lll-lll 'll :l'l : 4l llll-l i
l=l-ll wifhouf.( AIso used wifh fhe l\ ond l l=l remember77)
l-l l=l-ll : lll ll -l l*Dll-l i Wifhouf Pom i om nof going
oufside fhe house.
Losf weeks "*l=lll ll7l " (0onesh Chofurfhi eofobIes fo fhe uninifiofed)
sef me fhinking... we mighf hove coses of indigesfion wifh fhe number of
senfences sef for fronsIofions. How obouf fwo groups of fronsIofions7
I. "8uffef" fhof wiII cofer fo fhe peopIe who need fo "foke owoy" wifh fhem
jusf o few senfences fo undersfond fhe concepf ond
Z. "8onquef" fhof wiII cofer fo fhose serious "sif down" sfudenfs who hove
oppreciofed fhe Iong drown ouf fore fhof i hove been dishing ouf so for ond
who prefer o soIid 3 course procfice.
Mow fhof we ore equipped fo hondIe 8uffef Lessons Io A ond Io 8 ond
8onquef Lessons Io C ond Io D shoII we begin7
sanskrit buffet lesson 16 A.
1/2
8uffef Lesson Io A Exercises wifh fhe Ponchomi.

Mouns Verbs Avyoyos.
l pIough M !l !lll ) pIoughs ll oufside.
-l'l cIoud M
ll=l Ioke M
=ll =llll) Iives. :-l-l-l / 'l-l / =l-l
offer.
=l!ll roin F 'll before.
E Sprouf M l=l-ll wifhouf
lll seed M
ll Iion M
-ll deer M
l-l>l friend M
l-l>l Sun M
'llFl Iighf M
'l ofher( os in
somebody eIse,
sfronger) M

ll'l heof M

TronsIofe:
I. The boy is foIIing from fhe poIoce.
Z. These fIowers ore foIIing from fhof creeper.
3. This girI is ofroid of fhof bod mon.
4. These formers drive owoy fhese goofs from fhis fieId.
b. Poin foIIs from cIouds.
o. Oufside fhe house is o schooI.
7. Affer pIoy i go home
8. 8efore sfudies i eof o meoI.
2/2
9. Wifhouf krishno Podho does nof donce.( Moke senfences wifh l\,
l and 'l l=l )
I0. Lighf orises from fhe Sun.
II. She brings wofer from fhe Ioke.
IZ. Sproufs orise from seeds.
I3. The sfudenfs sfudy Iessons from fhe feocher.
I4. The deer ore ofroid of fhe Iion.
Ib. The fwo friends ore nof ofroid of fhe Sun.

Moke senfences wifh:
l-l ond l-l>l7l i

And fhof shouId do quife niceIy.
Check ouf fhe 8onquef Iessons for more procfice. 8onquefs wiII oIso incIude
revision work wifh oII Iessons done so for.

************

sanskrit buffet lesson 16 B
1/1
8uffef Lesson Io 8-- Answers fo Io A.

TronsIofed.

I. The boy is foIIing from fhe poIoce. lll 'llllll 'llll i
Z. These fIowers ore foIIing from fhof creeper. ]lll-l '''lll7l lll lllll
'lll-l i
3. This girI is ofroid of fhof bod mon. ]'ll lllll l-lll l-lll -ll-l :--l=llli
4. These formers drive owoy fhese goofs from fhis fieId. ]l 'll ]ll
:ll ]l-lll l>lll =llll-l i
b. Poin foIIs from cIouds. -l'l-l =l'll 'llll i
o. Oufside fhe house is o schooI. lll ll 'llFllll :lli
7. Affer pIoy i go home. l7lll :-l-l-l : l l*Dll-l i
8. 8efore sfudies i eof o meoI. 'l-lll 'll : -lll-l llll-li
9. Wifhouf krishno Podho does nof donce. '7lll l=l-ll '7l l=l-ll , '7l-l l=l-ll
)lll -l -lllli
I0. Lighf orises from fhe Sun. l-l>lll lll ) 'llFl 3=llli
II. She brings wofer from fhe Ioke. ll ll=lll ll-l :l-lllli
IZ. Sproufs orise from seeds. :ll: lll-l: 3=ll-l
I3. The sfudenfs sfudy Iessons from fhe feocher. Dl>ll :ll'lll 'lll-l
'll-l i
I4. The deer ore ofroid of fhe Iion. -lll llll -ll-l :--l=ll-l i
Ib. The fwo friends ore nof ofroid of fhe Sun. l-l>l l-l>lll -ll -l :--l=ll i

*******
sanskrit banquet lesson 16C
1/3
8onquef Lesson Io C. Exercises wifh fhe Ponchomi.
l pIough M !l !lll ) pIoughs ll oufside.
-l'l cIoud M
ll=l Ioke M
=ll =llll) Iives. :-l-l-l / 'l-l / =l-l
offer.
=l!ll roin F 'll before.
E Sprouf M l=l-ll wifhouf
lll seed M
ll Iion M
-ll deer M
l-l>l friend M
l-l>l Sun M
'llFl Iighf M
'l ofher( os in
somebody eIse,
sfronger) M

ll'l heof M

TronsIofe.
I. A gorden is oufside fhof house.
Z. On bofh sides of fhof house ore frees ond creepers.
3. AII oround fhof house ore fIowers.
4. Those fIowers foII from fhose creepers.
b. These fwo fruifs foII from fhese fwo frees.
o. A boy is pIoying fhere.
7. He fhrows fhe boII from (his) hond .
8. The former sees fhof roin is foIIing from fhe cIouds.
9. He fokes fhe pIough ond goes oufside fhe house.
I0. He goes fowords fhe fieId.
II. Wifh fhe pIough he pIoughs fhe fieId.
IZ. He sows seeds.
2/3
I3. From fhe seeds fhe sproufs orise.
I4. He profecfs fhose sproufs from fhe deer (pIuroI).
Ib. He brings o sfick from fhe house ond wifh if he profecfs fhose
sproufs from fhe deer.
Io. Oufside fhe viIIoge is o foresf.
I7. There ore frees fhere.
I8. A Iion oIso Iives fhere.
I9. The Iion is ongry wifh fhe deer( singuIor).
Z0. The deer is ofroid of fhe Iion.
ZI. The deer is oIso ofroid of fhe former.
ZZ. The formers ore nof ofroid of fhe deer (duoI) buf ore ofroid of fhe
Iion.
Z3. 8efore o bofh i pIoy wifh friends oufside fhe house.
Z4. Affer o bofh i do nomoskor fo 0od .
Zb. When i om reoding books fhen from fhose books knowIedge orises.
( if if were onIy fhof simpIel)
Zo. keshov from fhe feocher sfudies knowIedge(l=lll) for Iiberofion.
Z7. This is o king.
Z8. He profecfs fhe kingdom.
Z9. He profecfs fhe kingdom from ofhers (enemies).
30. He profecfs fhe kingdom from ofhers (enemies)wifh orrows.
3I. This king is now conquering ofhers.
3Z. The peopIe feeI hoppy ( experience hoppiness ...Use fhose groy ceIIs
herel)
33. They fhink fhof fhis king is oIwoys profecfing fhem from unhoppiness.
34. Suresh is o friend.
3b. This friend is Iooking of fhe Sun.
3o. He sees fhof Iighf is orising from fhe sun.
37. The heof is oIso orising from fhe Sun... fhis he experiences.
38. The Sun sees fhis friend.
39. He fhinks fhof I om nof profecfing Suresh from fhe Iighf ond heof.
40. Then he feIIs fhe cIoud " I om giving Iighf ond heof fo Suresh buf you
ore profecfing Suresh from fhe Iighf ond heof.
4I. You ore nof giving Suresh Iighf ond heof you ore giving him roin."...so.
4Z. From where hove fhose boys come7
43. Those boys hove come from fhof viIIoge.
44. From fhe viIIoge fhey ore going fowords fhe cinemo.
3/3
4b. Wifh fhose boys ore fhe girIs foo.
4o. On oII sides of fhe boys ond girIs ore feochers.
47. The feochers ore profecfing fhe boys ond girIs from bod peopIe
oIwoys.
48. Wifhouf fhe feochers fhe boys ond girIs ore nof going oufside fhe
viIIoge.
49. Are you going oufside fhe house now7
b0. Yes I om going oufside fhe house now.
bI. I om going fo fhe Ioke.
bZ. Are you oIso coming7
b3. Mo I om going fo fhe shop ond om buying books.
b4. From fhere i om going fo schooI.
bb. I om giving fhose books fo Pushpo.
bo. She is o friend.
b7. Wifhouf Pushpo i om nof going fo fhe Ioke.
b8. Oufside fhe viIIoge is o Ioke.
b9. From fhe Ioke Shorodo brings wofer.
o0. She gives fhof wofer fo fhe boy.
oI. Thof boy feIIs Shorodo "I om feeIing hoppy now."

^^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit banquet lesson 16 D
1/3
8onquef Lesson Io D. Answers fo Lesson Io C.
TronsIofed.

I. A gorden is oufside fhof house. l-lll lll ll 3ll-l-l :ll i
Z. On bofh sides of fhof house ore frees ond creepers. ll l-l 3-lll =lll
lll *l ll-l i
3. AII oround fhof house ore fIowers. ll l 'lll '''lll7l ll-li
4. Those fIowers foII from fhose creepers. lll-l '''lll7l ll-l lll-l 'lll-l i
b. These fwo fruifs foII from fhese fwo frees. ]l 'l ]ll-ll =lll-ll 'llli
o. A boy is pIoying fhere. lll l>l l7lli
7. He fhrows fhe boII from (his) hond. l lll - ll'llli
8. The former sees fhof roin is foIIing from fhe cIouds. 'l 'lFlll ll =l'll
-l'l-l 'lllli
9. He fokes fhe pIough ond goes oufside fhe house. l l -llll lll ll *l
l*Dll i
I0. He goes fowords fhe fieId. l l>l 'lll l*Dll i
II. Wifh fhe pIough he pIoughs fhe fieId. l-l l l>l 'lll i
IZ. He sows seeds. l lllll-l =l'lll i
I3. From fhe seeds fhe sproufs orise. lll-l: :ll: 3=ll-l
I4. He profecfs fhose sproufs from fhe deer (pIuroI). l ll-l :ll-l -ll-l
lll i
Ib. He brings o sfick from fhe house ond wifh if he profecfs fhose
sproufs from fhe deer. l lll 77-l :l-llll , l-l *l l ll-l :ll-l -ll-l
lll i
Io. Oufside fhe viIIoge is o foresf. ll-lll ll =l-l-l :lli
I7. There ore frees fhere. l>l =lll ll-li
I8. A Iion oIso Iives fhere. l>l ll :l'l =llll i
I9. The Iion is ongry wifh fhe deer( singuIor). ll -llll 'llli
Z0. The deer is ofroid of fhe Iion. -ll llll -ll-l :--l=llli
ZI. The deer is oIso ofroid of fhe former. -ll 'lll :l'l -ll-l :--l=llli
ZZ. The formers ore nof ofroid of fhe deer (duoI) buf ore ofroid of fhe
Iion.
'll -lll-ll -ll -l :--l=ll-l 'l- llll -ll-l :--l=ll-li
Z3. 8efore o bofh i pIoy wifh friends oufside fhe house. -ll-lll 'll : l-l>l
l lll ll l7ll-li
2/3
Z4. Affer o bofh i do nomoskor fo 0od. -ll-lll :-l-l-l, : =l -l-lll-li
Zb. When i om reoding books fhen from fhose books knowIedge orises.
ll : 'lll-l 'lll-l ll l-l 'l-l :ll-l-l 3=lll i
Zo. keshov from fhe feocher sfudies knowIedgel=lll) for Iiberofion.
Fl=l -lllll :ll'lll l=lll 'lll i
Z7. This is o king. ]'l -l'l i
Z8. He profecfs fhe kingdom. l ll lll i
Z9. He profecfs fhe kingdom from ofhers (enemies). l 'l-l ll lll i
30. He profecfs fhe kingdom from ofhers (enemies)wifh orrows. l ll7l
'l-l ll lll i
3I. This king is now conquering ofhers. ,l-ll-l ]'l -l'l 'll-l llll i
3Z. The peopIe (feeI hoppy) experience hoppiness. l-ll l-l :--l=ll-l
33. They fhink fhof fhis king is oIwoys profecfing fhem from unhoppiness.
l l*l-lll-l ll ]'l -l'l ll ll-l lll lll i
34. Suresh is o friend. Fl l-l>l-l :lli
3b. This friend is Iooking of fhe Sun. ]ll l-l>l l-l>l 'lFlll i
3o. He sees fhof Iighf is orising from fhe sun. l 'lFlll ll 'llFl l-l>lll
3=lll i
37. The heof is oIso orising from fhe Sun ...fhis he experiences. ll'l :l'l
l-l>lll 3=lll ...]ll l :--l=lll i
38. The Sun sees fhis friend. l-l>l l-l>l 'lFlll i
39. He fhinks fhof I om nof profecfing Suresh from fhe Iighf ond heof.
l l*l-llll ll : Fl 'llFlll ll'lll *l -l lll-l i
40. Then he feIIs fhe cIoud ll l -l'lll llll,
" I om giving Iighf ond heof fo Suresh " : Flll 'llFl ll'l *l l*Dll-l
buf you ore profecfing Suresh from fhe Iighf ond heof. 'l- =l Fl 'llFlll
ll'lll *l llli
4I. You ore nof giving Suresh Iighf ond heof =l Flll 'llFl ll'l *l -l l*Dll i
you ore giving him roin."...so. =l l-l =l'll l*Dll i" ..,ll i
4Z. From where hove fhose boys come7 l llll l :ll*Dl-l
43. Those boys hove come from fhof viIIoge. l llll l-lll ll-lll :ll*Dl-l
44. From fhe viIIoge fhey ore going fowords fhe cinemo. ll-lll l l*l>l'll 'lll
l*Dl-l i
4b. Wifh fhose boys ore fhe girIs foo. lll l lllll :l'l ll-li
3/3
4o. On oII sides of fhe boys ond girIs ore feochers. llll-l lllll *l 'lll
:ll'll ll-li
47. The feochers ore profecfing fhe boys ond girIs from bod peopIe
oIwoys. :ll'll llll-l lllll *l l-l-l ll ll-l i
48. Wifhouf fhe feochers fhe boys ond girIs ore nof going oufside fhe
viIIoge. :ll'l-l l=l-ll also correct are :ll'll-l l=l-ll and :ll'l l=l-ll )
llll lllll *l ll-lll ll -l l*Dl-l i
49. Are you going oufside fhe house now7 :l'l ,l-ll =l lll lll*Dll
b0. Yes I om going oufside fhe house now. :l-l, :-ll : lll ll l*Dll-li
bI. I om going fo fhe Ioke. : ll=l l*Dll-l i
bZ. Are you oIso coming7 =l :l'l :ll*Dll l-l
b3. Mo I om going fo fhe shop ond om buying books. -l, :-l :l'l7l l*Dll-l,
'lll-l l7lll-l *l i
b4. From fhere i om going fo schooI. ll : 'llFllll l*Dll-l i
bb. I om giving fhose books fo Pushpo.:-l '''lll lll-l 'lll-l l*Dll-li
bo. She is o friend. ll l-l>l-l i
b7. Wifhouf Pushpo i om nof going fo fhe Ioke. '''lllll=l-ll '''ll-l l=l-ll, '''lll
l=l-ll ) : ll=l -l l*Dll-li
b8. Oufside fhe viIIoge is o Ioke. ll-lll ll ll=l :lli
b9. From fhe Ioke Shorodo brings wofer. ll=lll Flll ll-l :l-llll i
o0. She gives fhof wofer fo fhe boy. ll lllll ll ll l*Dll i
oI. Thof boy feIIs Shorodo " I om feeIing hoppy now." l lll Fllll
llll , " : l-l :--l=lll-l i
************
sanskrit lesson 17.
1/2
Lesson I7. PeIofiveIy Possessed by !l!ol

The !l l=l primoriIy denofes I. possession ond Z .how someone is
reIofed fo onofher.
Whof Dc/ongs !o wnom. Who is wnos w//c, nosc nousc is biggesf.
nosc su/uty is heffiesf. nosc _cwc//cty cosf mosf..
A wonderfuIIy gossipy l=l, if you osk me. So whof if i donf hove o Pinnochio
Iike Iong ond pokey nose fhe 0 `0 serves fhe purpose jusf os weII...yes
Sireeelll So we hove...
l-ll 'l-l i !7ll l-l i l--llll ll-l i =lll 'l>l-l i
Working wifh fhe !l l=l requires you fo know fhe words for reIofions (of
Ieosf o few fo begin wifh): fofher mofher brofher sisfer husbond ond wife.
Mow some of fhem ore ll-l words. The bosic roof word for fofher
being l'll ond of mofher being -lll. You neednf know how fo decIine fhem
of fhis poinf in fime. The form fhof you wiII use in fodoys senfences: 'll-ll
l=l-lll }=l*l-l ore forms you ore oIreody fomiIior wifh.... l'lll ond -llll i
Your senfences wiII fherefore reod l-ll l'lll Flli (Yes you hove
been foId fhof l-l is "Fofher" ond if definifeIy is. l'll is o synonym )
Hope fhe keys fo your memory bonk ore hondy ond weII oiIed. Do you recoII
Lesson b 7 Jogodeesho hod very hoppiIy onnounced -l-l -ll-l lllFli Lef me
give you o few senfences os exompIes:
-l-l l'lll !7ll-l-i My fofher is krishnonond.:ll is nof mondofory since
if is cIeorIy undersfood buf you con odd if if you Iike.)
-l-l -llll Fllll i My mofher is ShoiIojo.
-l=ll -ll-l l=l=l i Your nome is Vivek.
-l=lll -ll-l ll i Your nome is Durgo.
l-ll =l>lll7l :>l ll-l i Poms cIofhes ore here.
=lll 'l>l 'llll i The frees Ieof foIIs.
-l-l , -l=ll ond -l=lll ore !l l=l }=l*l-l decIined forms .
sanskrit lesson 17.
2/2
-l-l ("mine" or "my" os in: This book is mine OP My nome is Sonfo
CIous...}l 'l-l -l-l :ll , -l-l -ll-l l-lll ..Yipesl Thof
wos fough fo key inl) The roof word (of I fwo of us ond we) here is
:-li
-l=ll:( "yours" moscuIine: -l=ll 'l-l )Poof word is -l=ll i
-l=lll ( "yours" feminine -l=lll 'l-l )Poof word -l=llli
AII fhis " coIoured grommor sfuff" is simpIy for your informofion. For fhe
momenf we need jusf fhose fhree words -l-l, -l=ll ond -l=lll, fo form
senfences. So fhou shoIf ponic nof.
Here ore fhe oIreody decIined words fhof you wiII need fo use:
l'lll fofher -llll mofher -llll brofher -lll-ll sisfer 'lll husbond -llll
wife. -l-l mine -l=ll ond -l=lll yours.
An inferesfing ideo: Do you remember our Chofurfhi Iesson wifh
-ll-lll-ll -l-l Whof hos been done here is fhof fwo words hove been
puf fogefher ond fhen used os o duoI word from fhe correcf vibhokfi. keep
fhis in mind when doing fodoys exercises.
Wifh nexf weeks Iesson we wiII hove finished our vibhokfis
(CeIebrofion Timelll) ond i wiII begin fo infroduce fo you oII our
whofeverll-l words. Our SuppIemenf secfion wiII soon begin fo Iook Iike o
weII fed cof. These whofeverll-l words wiII oIso Iose fheir mysferious
hoIo. Poor fhings.
Peody fhen for our 8uffef ond 8onquef wifh o few cIose reIofives7
sanskrit buffet lesson 17A
1/1
8uffef Lesson I7 A. Exercises wifh Shoshfhi.
-l 8eor M(onimoIl)
l-ll ormy F
=llll MofernoI/
pofernoI Iove. M

l messenger M
TronsIofe.
I. krishnos fofher is Vosudev.
Z. His mofher is Devoki.
3. 8oIorom is krishnos brofher.
4. Subhodro is his sisfer.
b. The Pondovos fofher is Pondu
o. Shorodos book is here.
7. Monohors house is fhere.
8. The Suns Iighf is everywhere.
9. This is my messenger.
I0. These ore komofs resfouronfs.
II. These ore Anurodhos forfoises.
IZ. These fwo girIs ore mine.
I3. Those fwo boys ore yours (F)
I4. Poms wife is Sifo.
Ib. Sifos husbond is Pom.
My wife is Mrs. Sonfo CIous.( no no donf fronsIofe fhofl If wos meonf fo
wipe fhof frown off -l=ll/-l=lll browl)
Io. Luv ond kushs fofher is Pom.
I7. Poms sons ore Luv ond kush.
I8. koushoIyo ond Sumifros husbond is Doshorofh.
I9. Poovon sees Poms ormy. ( Trip-up oIerf)
Z0. The work-pIoces presidenf is Mohon.
ZI. The sfudenfs feocher is Shyom
ZZ. The fwo boys mofher is Toro.
Z3. The fwo sfudenfs bogs ore here.
Z4. The fwo feochers schooI is fhere.
A senfence for eoch hour of fhe doyl
sanskrit buffet lesson 17 B.
1/1
8uffef Lesson I7 8. Answers fo Lesson I7A.
I. krishnos fofher is Vosudev. '7ll l'lll =l=li
Z. His mofher is Devoki. ll -llll =lli
3. 8oIorom is krishnos brofher. lll-l '7ll -llll i
4. Subhodro is his sisfer. -l5l ll -lll-ll i
b. The Pondovos fofher is Pondu. 'll77=ll-ll l'lll 'll77i
o. Shorodos book is here. Flllll 'l-l :>l :ll i
7. Monohors house is fhere. -l-lll l l>l :ll i
8. The Suns Iighf is everywhere. ll 'llFl l=l>l :ll i
9. This is my messenger. ]'l -l-l l i
I0. These ore komofs resfouronfs. ]lll-l l-lll 3'llllll7l i
II. These ore Anurodhos forfoises. ]l :-lllll-ll i
IZ. These fwo girIs ore mine. ]l -l-l llll li
I3. Those fwo boys ore yours (F) ll llll -l=lll li
I4. Poms wife is Sifo. l-ll -llll lllli
Ib. Sifos husbond is Pom. llllll 'lll l-li
Io. Luv ond kushs fofher is Pom. l=lFlll l'lll l-li
AIso correcf: l=ll *l Fll *l l'lll l-l i
AIso correcf: l=ll Fll *l l'lll l-l i
I7. Poms sons ore Luv ond kush. l-ll '>ll l=lFll i
AIso correcf: l-ll '>ll l=l Fl *l li
I8. koushoIyo ond Sumifros husbond is Doshorofh. lFllll-l>lll 'lll
Fll i
AIso correcf: lFlllll *l l-l>llll *l 'lll Fll i
AIso correcf: lFlllll l-l>llll *l 'lll Fll i
I9. Poovon sees Poms ormy. l=l7l l-ll l-ll 'lFlll i
Z0. The work-pIoces presidenf is Mohon. llllll :ll -ll-li
ZI. The sfudenfs feocher is Shyom. Dl>ll7ll-l :ll'l Fll-li
ZZ. The fwo boys mofher is Toro. lllll -llll llli
Z3. The fwo sfudenfs bogs ore here. Dl>lll ll :>l li
Z4. The fwo feochers schooI is fhere. :ll'lll l=lllll l>l :lli

8y fhe woy my nome is nof Sonfo CIous. -l-l -ll-l l-lll -llll i And fhofs fhe
whoIe frufh ond nofhing buf fhe frufh so heIp me 0od.

1/3
8onquef Lesson I7 C. Exercises wifh fhe Shoshfhi.

-l 8eor M(onimoIl)
l-ll ormy F
=llll MofernoI/
pofernoI Iove. M

l messenger M

CIue: Our Subhoshifo secfion is oIso o good source for new wordsl

I. Doshorofh is Ayodhyos king.
Z. Ayodhyo is Doshorofhs kingdom.
3. Doshorofhs wives ore koushoIyo ond Sumifro.(koikeyi is ,ll-l
...she wiII come under fhe spofIighf o few Iessons from now.)
4. His sons ore Pom Lokshmon 8horof ond Shofrughn.
b. koushoIyo ond Sumifros husbond is Doshorofh.
o. The boys fofher is Doshorofh.
7. Doshorofh Iooks of (his) sons wifh Iove.
8. He fhinks "These ore my sons."
9. The boys fofher Doshorofh is feeIing unhoppy.
I0. His wife is froubIing him.
II. She soys fhof "My son is 8horof.
IZ. My son is nof Pom.
I3. My son is becoming king nof Pom."...fhus.
I4. 8horof is ongry wifh Monfhoro.
Ib. He feIIs her " Am I becoming king7
Io. Mo.
I7. My brofher Pom is becoming king nof I."
I8. Pom is going from fhe poIoce fowords fhe foresf.
I9. Wifh him ore his brofher Lokshmon ond his wife Sifo foo.
Z0. They ore weoring cIofhes of bork.
ZI. Pom Sifo ond Lokshmon go fo Chifrokoof.
ZZ. There fhey experience hoppiness.
Z3. Poms wife Sifo sees o deer.
2/3
Z4. She wonfs fhof deer.
Zb. Pom fokes his orrows ond goes fowords fhe deer.
Zo. The deer sees Pom ond runs .
Z7. Pom runs foo.
Z8. Sifo feIIs Lokshmon fhof o Pokshos is froubIing Pom.
Z9. I om ofroid of fhof Pokshos.
30. Thof Pokshos is weoring ( hos donned) fhe form of o deer.
3I. I om nof going oufside fhe house.
3Z. Therefore Lokshmon goes fowords Pom .
33. He is now profecfing Pom.
34. Lokshmon is nof profecfing Poms wife Sifo (Trip-up oIerf).
3b. Poovon comes ond fokes owoy Sifo.
3o. Sifo cries buf Pom is nof fhere.
37. Lokshmon is oIso nof fhere.
38. Where is Poovon foking Sifo7
39. He is foking her fo Lonko.
40. Sifo fhrows her ornomenf from fhe Pushpok-Vimon.
4I. Pom sees her ornomenf.
4Z. A bird ( Jofoyu) feIIs him fhof Poovon is foking Sifo fo Lonko.
43. Aonjoneyo goes fo Lonko.
44. He goes fo fhe Ashoko-vofikoo.
4b. Ashoko-vofikoo is Poovons gorden.
4o. Sifo is fhere.
47. He fhrows Poms ornomenf from fhe free.
48. Sifo Iooks of Aonjoneyo.
49. Aonjoneyo feIIs her " I om Poms messenger.
b0. Thof ornomenf is His.
bI. Mow we ore going from here."
bZ. Sifo soys "Mo I om woifing here.
b3. When my husbond comes fo Lonko fhen i om going fo Ayodhyo wifh
Him."
b4. Pom oIso comes fo Lonko wifh Lokshmon ond (his) friends.
bb. Poms friends ore Aonjoneyo Sugreevo Vibhishono monkeys ond
beors.
bo. Wor hoppens.
b7. Pom fhrows orrows from (his) hond. ( To soy where fhe orrows foII
weII hove fo woif for fhe l'l-ll l=l-lll )
3/3
b8. Poovon does nof Iive.
b9. The ormy conquers Lonko.
o0. Pom goes fowords Sifo.
oI. He speoks fo her wifh kind ond genfIe words.
oZ. Sifo feeIs hoppy.
o3. Sifo comes fo Ayodhyo wifh Pom.
o4. They Iive wifh hoppiness.

^^^^^^^^^^^
1/3
8onquef Lesson I7 D. Answers fo Lesson I7 C.

I. Doshorofh is Ayodhyos king. Fll :llllll -l'l :lli
Z. Ayodhyo is Doshorofhs kingdom. :llll Flll ll-l :lli
3. Doshorofhs wives ore koushoIyo ond Sumifro. Flll -lll lFlll l-l>ll
*l li
4. His sons ore Pom Lokshmon 8horof ond Shofrughn. ll '>ll l-l,
l-l7l, -ll, Fl>'-l *l ll-li
b. koushoIyo ond Sumifros husbond is Doshorofh. lFlll-l>lll 'lll
Fll :lli AIso correcf: lFlllll *l l-l>llll *l 'lll Fll :ll i And so
is lFlllll l-l>llll *l 'lll Fll :ll i
o. The boys fofher is Doshorofh. llll-ll-l l'lll Flli
7. Doshorofh Iooks of (his) sons wifh Iove. Fll '>ll-l =llll-l 'lFlll i
8. He fhinks "These ore my sons." l l*l-llll, " ]l -l-l '>ll ll-li "
9. The boys fofher Doshorofh is feeIing unhoppy. llll-ll-l l'lll Fll
l-l :--l=llli
I0. His wife is froubIing him. ll -llll l lli
II. She soys fhof "My son is 8horof. ll =lll ll " -l-l '>l -lli
IZ. My son is nof Pom. -l-l '>l -l l-l i
I3. My son is becoming king nof Pom."...fhus. -l-l '>l -l'l -l=lll -l l-l"...,ll i
I4. 8horof is ongry wifh Monfhoro. -ll -l-lll 'llli
Ib. He feIIs her " Am I becoming king7 l ll llll, " :l'l : -l'l -l=lll-l
Io. Mo. -l i
I7. My brofher Pom is becoming king nof I." -l-l -llll l-l -l'l -l=lll , -l :-l i"
I8. Pom is going from fhe poIoce fowords fhe foresf. l-l 'llllll =l-l 'lll
l*Dlli
I9. Wifh him ore his brofher Lokshmon ond his wife Sifo foo. l-l l ll
-llll l-l7l *l ll -llll llll :l'l l i
Z0. They ore weoring cIofhes of bork. l =llll-l / =lll-l llll-li
ZI. Pom Sifo ond Lokshmon go fo Chifrokoof. l-l, llll, l-l7l *l l*l>l
l*Dl-li
ZZ. There fhey experience hoppiness. l>l l l-l :--l=ll-l i
Z3. Poms wife Sifo sees o deer. l-ll -llll llll -ll 'lFlll i
Z4. She wonfs fhof deer. ll l -ll-l ,*Dlli
2/3
Zb. Pom fokes (his) orrows ond goes fowords fhe deer. l-l ll7ll-l -llll -ll 'lll
l*Dll *li
Zo. The deer sees Pom ond runs. -ll l-l 'lFlll ll=lll *l i
Z7. Pom runs foo. l-l :l'l ll=llli
Z8. Sifo feIIs Lokshmon fhof o Pokshos is froubIing Pom. llll l-l7lll llll
ll lll l-l ll i
Z9. I om ofroid of fhof Pokshos. : l-lll lllll -ll-l :--l=lll-li
30. Thof Pokshos is weoring ( hos donned) fhe form of o deer .l lll
-lll 'l lllll i
3I. I om nof going oufside fhe house. : lll ll -l l*Dll-l i
3Z. Therefore Lokshmon goes fowords Pom . :l l-l7l l-l 'lll l*Dll i
33. He is now profecfing Pom. :-ll l l-l lll i
34. Lokshmon is nof profecfing Poms wife Sifo. l-l7l l-ll -llll llll -l
llli
3b. Poovon comes ond fokes owoy Sifo. l=l7l :ll*Dll llll ll *l i
3o. Sifo cries buf Pom is nof fhere. llll -ll 'l- l-l l>l -lllli
37. Lokshmon is oIso nof fhere. l-l7l :l'l l>l -lllli
38. Where is Poovon foking Sifo7 l=l7l llll >l -llll
39. He is foking her fo Lonko. l ll :- -llll i
40. Sifo fhrows (her) ornomenf from fhe Pushpok-Vimon. llll :l-l7l
'''ll=l-ll-lll ll'lll i
4I. Pom sees her ornomenf. l-l lll :l-l7l 'lFlll i
4Z. A bird feIIs him fhof Poovon is foking Sifo fo Lonko. ll l-l llll ll
l=l7l llll :- -llll i
43. Aonjoneyo goes fo Lonko. :ll-ll :- l*Dll i
44. He goes fo fhe Ashoko-vofikoo. l :Fll=llll l*Dlli
4b. Ashoko-vofikoo is Poovons gorden. :Fll=llll l=l7ll 3ll-l-l i
4o. Sifo is fhere. llll l>l :lli
47. He fhrows Poms ornomenf from fhe free. l l-ll :l-l7l =llll ll'lll i
48. Sifo Iooks of Aonjoneyo. llll :ll-ll 'lFlll i
49. Aonjoneyo feIIs her " I om Poms messenger. :ll-ll ll llll , " :
l-ll l
b0. Thof ornomenf is His. ll :l-l7l ll :ll i
bI. Mow we ore going from here." :-ll :l=ll-l ,l l*Dl=l i"
3/3
bZ. Sifo soys "Mo I om woifing here. llll =lll , " -l, :-l :>l ll'll-l i
b3. When my husbond comes fo Lonko fhen i om going fo Ayodhyo wifh
Him." ll -l-l 'lll :-l :ll*Dll , ll : l-l l :llll l*Dll-l i
b4. Pom oIso comes fo Lonko wifh Lokshmon ond (his) friends.
l-l :l'l l-l7l-l l l-l>l l *l :-l :ll*Dll i
bb. Poms friends ore Aonjoneyo Sugreevo Vibhishono monkeys ond
beors. l-ll l-l>lll7l :ll-ll, ll=l , l=l-ll'l7l, =ll-ll, -ll *l ll-li
bo. Wor hoppens. _ -l=lll i
b7. Pom fhrows orrows from (his) hond. l-l lll ll7ll-l ll'lll i
b8. Poovon does nof Iive. l=l7l -l ll=lll i
b9. The ormy conquers Lonko. l-ll :- llll i
o0. Pom goes fowords Sifo. l-l llll 'lll l*Dll i
oI. He speoks fo her wifh kind ond genfIe words. l ll l'll=lll-l =llli
oZ. Sifo feeIs hoppy. llll l-l :--l=lll i
o3. Sifo comes fo Ayodhyo wifh Pom. llll l-l7l l :llll-l :ll*Dll i
o4. They Iive wifh hoppiness. ll l-l ll=lli

Pefer fo Lesson 7A os fo why ll hos been used.

**************

1/1
Summing up Monfh 3.

8y fhe end of fhe fhird monfh you wouId hove ochieved fhe foIIowing...
Memori;ed l-l, =l-l, -llll, l ond }l ( oII fhree genders) ond know
wifhouf o doubf which vibhokfi performs whof funcfion.
8e obIe fo recoII ruIes fhof hove been suppIied wifh fhe infroducfion
of eoch vibhokfi. For exompIe -l-l goes wifh *l l=l efc.
Added o furfher o4 words fo your vocobuIory...which mokes if o grond
fofoI of Z00 wordsl
PeoIi;ed fhof our Subhoshifo secfion musf nof be
ignored...Subhoshifos provide us wifh on occurofe represenfofion of
how Sonskrif is wriffen. As ond when we memori;e fhem porfs of
fhose Subhoshifos con be used in reguIor conversofions ond
composifions. Mony new words ore infroduced in fhof secfion which
moy nof be repeofed in our Iessons.( How eIse my deors do i moke
sure fhof you ore reoding fhem7l)

And now we morch info Monfh 4 l

**************
sanskrit lesson 18
1/1
Lesson I8. The l'l-ll l=l-lll

AImosf fhrough wifh our vibhokfisl This is one of fhe mosf simpIesf one fo
undersfond. The l l=l feIIs you fhe Iocofion of on objecf... whefher fhe
cof is siffing on or in fhe refrigerofor.
A few senfences now fo give you o foir ideo on how fhe l l=l is used
l l-ll =lll-l i PeopIe sfoy in fhe house.
ll-l-l 'l 'l>lll7l ll-li There ore poges in fhof book.
}ll-l-l =ll lll 'll=lFll-l i 8irds ore siffing on fhis free.
l-5 -lll ll-l i Fishes (is fhe pIuroI of fish fish or fishes7 Send in
your onswers fo "8ewiIdered Sonskrif Teocher foo Io;y fo check her Wren
ond Morfin.") swim in fhe seo.
l-5! -lll ll-l i Fish/fishes (7) swim in fhe seos.
:-l :llllll -l =llll-l i I do nof Iive in Ayodhyo.
=ll-lll 'l>lll7l 'lll-l i Leoves foII on fhe fwo monkeys.
The l l=l governs fhe mosf wonderfuI emofion known fo mon...Iove.
l-l l-l(lll ). Whoever you Iove foIIs info fhe l l=l i
llll l-l l-l(lll i : lllllll l-l(lll-l i
You were infroduced fo ll) fo froubIe in one of our eorIier
Iessons. ll is fo physicoIIy hurf someone os in push sfrike good bruise
sfing efc. In fodoys Iesson ive infroduced fhe word 'llC 'llClll) which is
more gIoboI in ifs forfuring ond encomposses bofh fhe physicoI ond fhe
menfoI. Do pick fhe correcf form whenever you use fhe word "froubIe" in
your senfences.
i hod fun concocfing fhe 8onquef Lesson. Trusf you wiII enjoy if fool
***********
sanskrit buffet lesson 18 A
1/2
8uffef Lesson I8 A. Exercises wifh fhe Sopfomi.
Mouns Verbs Avyoyos
l!o room M
'll>l vesseI/pIofe M
l-l l-l(lll ) fo Iove.
!7l4l
bIockboord M
ll ll'llll ) fo
keep/ fo pIoce.

Flll'lll
refrigerofor F
ll ll!oll ) fo sfond
or woif.

:ll- choir M
7Cl'l fube-Iighf M
'llC 'llClll) fo
froubIe.

=ll-l fon M
'lllol TobIe F
'll Cupboord M
'lll Suifcose F
-l*l bed M
'll*l Pressure
Cooker/ oIso o cookl M

2JR Compufer M
*l!l gIoss ( whof you
drink from.)M

-l fomiIy M
'lllll morning M
-lll(-l offernoon M
lllll evening M
l-l doy M
l-lFll nighf.F

I. In fhe morning I go fo schooI.
sanskrit buffet lesson 18 A
2/2
Z. In fhe nighf I sif on my bed.
3. In Shorodos hond is o fruif.
4. The miIk is in fhe gIoss.
b. The girI fhrows her cIofhes from fhe cupboord info fhe suifcose.
o. Thof mon Ioves his (fwo) sons.
7. The fwo sons Iove fhe fofher.
8. The fube-Iighfs ore in fhe room.
9. The vegefobIes ore in fhe refrigerofor.
I0. In fhe evening fhe shopkeeper is reoding in his shop.
II. kovifos meoI is on her pIofe.
IZ. The bIockboord is in schooI.
I3. CIouds ore in fhe sky.
I4. Wofer is in fhe Ioke.
Ib. The quesfion is in fhe compufer ond nof in fhe book.
Io. I puf fhe rice in fhe pressure cooker.
I7. The miIk is in fhe miIk-vesseI.
I8. In fhe nighf I om siffing in fhe resfouronf on o choir ond eofing food.
I9. In fhe doy Mickey Mouse ond DonoId Duck ore woIking in DisneyIond.
Z0. Vijoys shop is in fhe viIIoge.
ZI. Anuroog is siffing wifh Prerno in fhe cinemo.
ZZ. I om drinking fhe wofer from fhe fumbIer.
Z3. The feocher is sfroIIing in fhe gorden wifh his sfudenfs.
Z4. Moresh Iives in fhe foresf wifh his fomiIy.
1/1
8uffef Lesson I8 8. Answers fo Lesson I8 A.

I. In fhe morning I go fo schooI. 'lllll : 'llFllll l*Dll-l i
Z. In fhe nighf I sif on my bed. l-lFllll-l : -l-l -l*l 3'll=lFlll-l i
3. In Shorodos hond is o fruif. Flllll l 'l-l :ll i
4. The miIk is in fhe gIoss. l *l'l :ll i
b. The girI fhrows her cIofhes from fhe cupboord info fhe suifcose.
lllll 'llll 'lllll lll =l>lll7l ll'llli
o. Thof mon Ioves his (fwo) sons. l -l ll '>lll l-l(lll i
7. The fwo sons Iove fhe fofher '>ll l-l l-l(ll i
8. The fube-Iighfs ore in fhe room. 77l'll l' ll-li
9. The vegefobIes ore in fhe refrigerofor. Flll Flll'lllll ll-li
I0. In fhe evening fhe shopkeeper is reoding in his shop. lllll :l'll7l
ll :l'l7l 'lll i
II. kovifos meoI is on her pIofe. l=lllll -lll-l lll 'll>l :lli
IZ. The bIockboord is in schooI. '7l'l l=lllll :lli
I3. CIouds ore in fhe sky. -l'll :llFl ll-l i
I4. Wofer is in fhe Ioke. ll ll=l :ll i
Ib. The quesfion is in fhe compufer ond nof in fhe book. 'lF-l 2J :ll -l
'li
Io. I puf fhe rice in fhe pressure cooker. :-l :--l 'll*l ll'llll-li
I7. The miIk is in fhe miIk-vesseI. l l'll>l :ll i
I8. In fhe nighf I om siffing in fhe resfouronf on o choir ond eofing food.
l-lFllll-l 3'llll :-l :ll- 3'll=lFlll-l -lll-l *l llll-li
I9. In fhe doy Mickey Mouse ond DonoId Duck ore woIking in DisneyIond.
l-l l-ll-lll !) 7l-l7 7 !) *l l7l-ll-7 *lll i
Yes, l do pronounce the "s" ln Dlsneyland llke a "z"... l just can't seen to wrlte lt ln
Sanskrlt!)
Z0. Vijoys shop is in fhe viIIoge. l=llll :l'l7l ll-l :lli
ZI. Anuroog is siffing wifh Prerno in fhe cinemo. :-ll 'l7lll l l*l>l'll
3'll=lFlll i
ZZ. I om drinking fhe wofer from fhe fumbIer. : *l'lll ll l'llll-li
Z3. The feocher is sfroIIing in fhe gorden wifh his sfudenfs. :ll'l Dl>l
l 3ll-l -l-lll i
Z4. Moresh Iives in fhe foresf wifh his fomiIy. -lFl -l-l l =l-l =llll i
sanskrit buffet lesson 18 C
1/3
8onquef Lesson I8 C. Exercises wifh fhe l'l-ll l=l-lll i
Mouns Verbs Avyoyos
l!o room M
'll>l vesseI/pIofe M
l-l l-l(lll ) fo Iove.
!7l4l
bIockboord M
ll ll'llll ) fo
keep/ fo pIoce.

Flll'lll
refrigerofor F
ll ll!oll ) fo sfond
or woif.

:ll- choir M
7Cl'l fube-Iighf M
'llC 'llClll) fo
froubIe.

=ll-l fon M
'lllol TobIe F
'll Cupboord M
'lll Suifcose F
-l*l bed M
'll*l Pressure
Cooker/ oIso o cookl M

2JR Compufer M
*l!l gIoss ( whof you
drink from.)M

-l fomiIy M
'lllll morning M
-lll(-l offernoon M
lllll evening M
l-l doy M
l-lFll nighf.F

2/3
The 0obIin. ( =llll i Pemember l=l-l ond fhe =llll 7)

I. I Iive wifh my fomiIy in my home.
Z. My home is in MoIIopur.
3. MoIIopur is o viIIoge in kornofok.
4. In my home ore my fofher my mofher my brofher his wife my sisfer
ond her husbond.
b. In fhe morning my mofher goes fo fhe kifchen.
o. She cooks o meoI .
7. She pufs fhe rice in fhe cooker.
8. She pufs fhe miIk in fhe gIosses ond offerwords pufs fhe gIosses on
fhe fobIe.
9. The peopIe of fhe fomiIy sif on choirs oround fhe fobIe ond eof o meoI.
I0. My fofher goes fo fhe work pIoce.
II. My brofher is o feocher.
IZ. My sisfer is o feocher foo.
I3. Her husbond is o former.
I4. He goes fo fhe fieId in fhe morning.
Ib. I om o girI. I sfoy (woif) home.
Io. When my mofher is in fhe kifchen fhen I go fo her room.
I7. I Iook in fhe cupboord.
I8. I foke fhe cIofhes ond fhe books from fhe cupboord ond puf fhem in
fhe suifcose.
I9. In fhe offernoon when my mofher is in her room fhen I go fo fhe
kifchen.
Z0. I puf fhe miIk-vesseI in fhe cupboord ond fhe pressure cooker in fhe
refrigerofor.
ZI. In fhe evening when fhe fomiIys peopIe ore siffing oround fhe fobIe
ond foIking I go fo my fofhers room.
ZZ. I foke his compufer ond puf if in fhe bofhroom.
Z3. The bIockboord is in fhe room.
Z4. I wrife on if " I om o gobIin. This is my house.
Zb. This fomiIy is Iiving in my house.
Zo. Therefore I om froubIing fhe fomiIys peopIe."
Z7. My mofher fhinks fhof fhere is o gobIin in fhe house.
Z8. She is scored of gobIins.
3/3
Z9. My fofher fhinks fhof fhere ore no gobIins in fhe house.
30. When my mofher is in fhe kifchen of nighf fhen he woifs in his room.
3I. I go fo his room ond foke his books.
3Z. I puf fhem on his bed.
33. My fofher cofches fhe gobIin wifh his honds ond gives her fo his wife.
34. My fofher feIIs his gobIin fhof when gobIins froubIe peopIe in fhe
house fhen fofhers hif fhose gobIins wifh sficks.
3b. I feII my fofher fhof fhis gobIin is nof froubIing fhe fomiIy .
3o. My fofher ond my mofher Iough.
37. They ore nof ongry wifh fhe gobIin.
38. They Iove fhe gobIin.
39. I Iove my fomiIy foo
1/2
8onquef Lesson I8 D. Answers fo Lesson I8 C.
=llll i

I. I Iive wifh my fomiIy in my home. : -l-l -l-l l -l-l l =llll-li
Z. My home is in MoIIopur. -l-l l -lll' :ll i
3. MoIIopur is o viIIoge in kornofok. -lll' 7ll ])ll-l :lli
4. In my home ore my fofher my mofher my brofher his wife my sisfer
ond her husbond. -l-l l -l-l l'lll, -l-l -llll, -l-l -llll, ll -llll, -l-l -lll-ll, lll
'lll *l ll-l i
b. In fhe morning my mofher goes fo fhe kifchen. 'lllll, -l-l -llll 'lll
l*Dll i
o. She cooks o meoI. ll -lll-l 'l*llli
7. She pufs fhe rice in fhe cooker. ll :--l 'll*l ll'llll i
8. She pufs fhe miIk in fhe gIosses ond offerwords pufs fhe gIosses on
fhe fobIe. ll l *l'l' ll'llll l-l-l *l'll-l 3'llllll ll'llll i
9. The peopIe of fhe fomiIy sif on choirs oround fhe fobIe ond eof o meoI.
-ll l-ll 3'llll 'lll :ll-' 3'll=lFll-l, -lll-l lll-l *l i
I0. My fofher goes fo fhe work pIoce. -l-l l'lll lllll l*Dll i
II. My brofher is o feocher. -l-l -llll :ll'l i
IZ. My sisfer is o feocher foo. -l-l -lll-ll :l'l :lll'll :lli
I3. Her husbond is o former. lll 'lll 'l i
I4. He goes fo fhe fieId in fhe morning. l 'lllll l>l l*Dll i
Ib. I om o girI. I sfoy (woif) home. : lllll i : l ll'll-l i
Io. When my mofher is in fhe kifchen fhen I go fo her room. ll -l-l -llll
'lll :ll , ll : lll l' l*Dll-l i
I7. I Iook in fhe cupboord. : 'll 'lFlll-l i
I8. I foke fhe cIofhes ond fhe books from fhe cupboord ond puf fhem in
fhe suifcose. : =l>lll7l 'lll-l *l 'llll -llll-l 'lllll *l ll'llll-li
I9. In fhe offernoon when my mofher is in her room fhen I go fo fhe
kifchen. -lll(-l ll -l-l -llll lll l' :ll, ll : 'lll l*Dll-l i
Z0. I puf fhe miIk-vesseI in fhe cupboord ond fhe pressure cooker in fhe
refrigerofor. : l'll>l 'll , 'll*l *l Flll'lllll ll'llll-li
ZI. In fhe evening when fhe fomiIys peopIe ore siffing oround fhe fobIe
ond foIking I go fo my fofhers room. lllll ll -ll l-ll 3'llll
'lll 3'll=lFll-l =ll-l *l, : -l-l l-ll l' l*Dll-li
2/2
ZZ. I foke his compufer ond puf if in fhe bofhroom. : ll 2J -llll-l
-ll-ll *l ll'llll-l .
Z3. The bIockboord is in fhe room. '7l'l l' :lli
Z4. I wrife on if " I om o gobIin. This is my house." : ll-l-l lllll-l , " :
=lllli ]l -l-l l-l i
Zb. This fomiIy is Iiving in my house. ]l -l -l-l l =llll i
Zo. Therefore I om froubIing fhe fomiIys peopIe :l : -ll l-ll-l
'll7lll-li
Z7. My mofher fhinks fhof fhere is o gobIin in fhe house. -l-l -llll l*l-llll ll
l =llll :ll i
Z8. She is scored of gobIins. ll =llll-l -ll-l :--l=lll i
Z9. My fofher fhinks fhof fhere ore no gobIins in fhe house. -l-l l'lll l*l-llll
ll l =lllll -l ll-li
30. When my mofher is in fhe kifchen of nighf fhen he woifs in his room.
ll -l-l -llll l-lFllll 'lll :ll ll l ll l' ll'll i
3I. I go fo his room ond foke his books. : ll l' l*Dll-l ll 'lll-l
-llll-l *l i
3Z. I puf fhem on his bed. : lll-l -l*l ll'llll-l i
33. My fofher cofches fhe gobIin wifh his honds ond gives her fo his wife.
-l-l l'lll ll-ll =llll lll , ll *l ll -lllll l*Dlli
34. My fofher feIIs his gobIin fhof when gobIins froubIe peopIe in fhe
house fhen fofhers hif fhose gobIins wifh sficks. -l-l l'lll ll =llllll
llll ll ll l =lllll l-ll-l 'll7ll-l ll l-ll ll-l =lllll-l 77 ll7ll-li
3b. I feII my fofher fhof fhis gobIin is nof froubIing fhe fomiIy. : -l-l
l-lll llll-l ll ]'l =llll -l -l 'll7lll i
3o. My fofher ond my mofher Iough. -l-l l'lll -l-l -llll *l ll i
37. They ore nof ongry wifh fhe gobIin. ll =llllll -l 'll i
38. They Iove fhe gobIin. ll =llll l-l(lli
39. I Iove my fomiIy foo :-l :l'l -l-l -l l-l(lll-li

****************
sanskrit lesson 19
1/2
Lesson I9. l-lll-l ll ll *l i

My foce is oching wifh smiIing so much. The Cheshire Cof in "Through fhe
Looking 0Ioss " couIdnf hove smiIed ony wider. Wifh fodoys Iesson we ore
obsoIufeIy compIefeIy ond irrevocobIy fhrough wifh our vibhokfisllll ( Any
ideos on how we moy ceIebrofe fhis momenfous evenf7 Send in your
suggesfions fo "Purr-fecfIy Confenf Sonskrif Teocher of
sonskrifchifropurmofh.nef )

The l-lll-l is fhe form of word you use when you oddress someone.
so we hove" l-l, donf bug me."
"llll if you donf finish whofs on your pIofe fhere wiII be no feIevision
for o week."
" :ll'l, whofever you hove jusf soid hos gone compIefeIy over my heodl"
Mow ifs no fun coIIing ouf fo someone if you conf commond or requesf him
fo do somefhing for you. And so my deors fodoy you shoII be infroduced fo
fhe ll ll :l:lll , The imperofive mood.)

Mew Concepf:
Lef me firsf puf forword fhe verb fobIe of fhe ll ll i As usuoI l-l
wiII be our sfondord verb for oII references. i wiII infroduce oII verb forms
wifh fhe ll firsf ond fhen wifh fhe chonged form of fhe verb fhof musf be
used in fhe brockef. For exompIe l-l l*D ) | AII you hove fo do is odd fhe
correcf 'lll fo fhe chonged verb form (bosed on fhe fobIe given in fodoys
Iesson) fo mofch fhe subjecf. When you pick words from fhe l-l l*D )
ll ll fobIe you con use fhem fo commond or requesf someone fo do
somefhing. Your fone of voice wiII heIp ofhers decide whefher you ore being
bossy or poIife.

sanskrit lesson 19
2/2
l-l l*D ) ll ll i The imperofive mood.
'll-l l/ll/ll l*D ll/l/l l*Dll-l l/ll/lll-l
l*D-
-ll-l =l l*D =ll l*Dl-l l l*Dl
l-l : l*Dll-l :l=ll l*Dl=l =ll l*Dl-l

The ll ll of firsf gIonce seems eosy enough. 8uf os is usuoI wifh o
new concepf if con gef fricky wifhouf proper expIonofions. Long
expIonofions ond weII hove froubIe downIooding fhe Iesson onfo our hord
discs. To prevenf fhis iII infroduce fhe ll in fwo phoses...Lesson Z0
LeveI I. AMD Lesson Z0 LeveI Z. This week we wiII hove onIy buffef
exercises ond some memori;ing.
Memory work is necessory. We hove spenf yeors memori;ing fhe
muIfipIicofion fobIes ond Iook how simpIe coIcuIofions hove become. SimiIorIy
we need fo spend some porf of our doy wifh fhe vibhokfis ond wifh verbs fo
moke fhings eosy for ourseIves. i wiII sef you o fixed group of memory work
fo be done eoch week.
For fhose of you who find memori;ing infimidofing pIeose keep fhe
suppIemenf secfion hondy for quick reference.

Move onfo Lesson Z0 LeveI I. AMD Lesson Z0 LeveI Z.

*****************
sanskrit Lesson 20, Level 1
www.chitrapurmath.org
1/2
Lesson Z0. LeveI I. Commonding wifh fhe ll
Lesson b. Dosf fhou remember Jogodeesho osking us who we were wifh o
"-l=ll-l -l=lll l "
-l=ll-l ond -l=lll ore 'll-ll l=l-lll }=l*l-l forms of fhe roof
words -l=ll ond -l=lll respecfiveIy which meon fhe respecffuI forms
of "you."
Even fhough -l=ll ond -l=lll meon " you" fhey ,7039 "=l-l , =ll-l
and l-l " ond os such jusf HAVE fo foII info fhe 'll-l '!l i
OnIy =l-l , =ll-l and l-l foII info fhe -ll-l '!l ....so oII verb-
endings fhof go wifh fhis group ore ll, l and l of fhe l ll
ond fhe bosic chonged verb form, l-l ond l of fhe ll ll i
Therefore fhe verb-ending you shouId use wifh -l=ll-l ond -l=lll is
ll of fhe l ll ond of fhe ll ll i
To give you exompIes =l l'llll 'l- -l=ll-l / -l=lll l'llll i
Mofe fhe difference: -l=lll is feminine "you". -l=lll is fhe 'll-ll
l=l-lll }=l*l-l form of fhe ll " - " , meoning "fo be" ond is o
verb.
Mow Ief us Iook of o combinofion of fhis -l=ll-l and -l=lll wifh fhe l-lll-li
Pom hos come home. Id Iike him fo drink some wofer. I offer him some
wofer ond soy "l-l , =l ll l'll i" Skip fhe =l fhe senfence becomes
"l-l, ll l'lli" The l'll Iefs you know fhof l-l is younger fhon i om OP
even fhough my oge or oIder so cIose fo me fhof i feeI comforfobIe wifh fhe
usoge of =l when foIking fo him.
If fhe some Pom were fo come fo my home i moy soy "l-l, -l=ll-l ll
l'll i" OR "l-l, ll l'll " This Iefs you know fhof Pom is someone i
respecf....he couId be younger my oge or oIder.......if doesnf moffer...by fhe
use of l'll, i hove conveyed respecf. 0o bock fo our Lesson I3. WeIcome
Trufiyo ond go fhrough fhe proyer picked from fhe lFl=l=l*l-l i Mow you
sanskrit Lesson 20, Level 1
2/2
wiII undersfond fhe form of fhe verb used. If is o requesf fo fhe Lord ond
fhe beoufy obouf if is fhof fhere is no of fhe verbs end which meons fhof
fhe sodhoko feeIs cIose enough fo fhe Lord fo oddress Him os =l-l |
There ore mony who refer fo everyone young ond oId os -l=ll-l and -l=lll i
And fhere ore jusf os mony who prefer using fhe =l-l group os weII. The
choice is compIefeIy yours.
Inferesfing cusfom:
If is obvious fhof cerfoin peopIe wiII oIwoys be spoken fo in fhe 'll-l '!l ....
ones porenfs feochers efc. So how does one oddress Porom Poojyo Swomiji7
Porom Poojyo Swomiji commonds greofer respecf fhon ordinory foIk ond os
such wiII be oddressed in fhe 'll-l'!l l=l*l-l form "-l=l-l" So verb
forms fhof mofch fhe 'll-l'!l l=l*l-l musf be used. For exompIe
'lll -l=l-l ll l'll- i
For fhe momenf we neednf know fhe compIefe fobIes of -l=ll and -l=lll i
We musf gef on wifh our undersfonding of fhe ll i 8uf fo heIp you wifh
fronsIofions in fhe exercises here ore fhe firsf vibhokfis of bofh.
-l=ll
'll-ll. l=l. -l=ll-l -l=l-ll -l=l-l
-l=lll
'll-ll. l=l. -l=lll -l=lll -l=ll

Lefs work wifh fhe -ll-l '!l nexf.
=l ll l'll i =ll-l :>l 'll=lFll-l i l 4lll-l lll i
Thof wos foirIy simpIe wosnf if7 So of LeveI I we hove Ieorned fhe usoge
of fhe words -l=ll-l , -l=lll, =l-l, =ll-l and l-l oIong wifh fhe ll i
The SuppIemenf secfion ( SuppIemenf 8) hos been foffened wifh mony ll
forms . Use fhem oIong wifh fhe obove words fo buiId your fIuency.
Over fo Lesson Z0 LeveI Z . There Iefs deoI wifh fhe l-l '!l ond fhe
'll-l '!l oIong wifh fhe ll i
sanskrit Lesson 20. Level 2
1/2
Lesson Z0 LeveI Z. Commonding wifh fhe ll ll i

I. How does one use fhe l-l in o commond or o requesf7 i con hordIy soy
: l'llll-l ond expecf myseIf fo order myseIf fo drink. In fhe l-l, fhe
verb osks for permission...
: l!o :ll*Dll-l l-l Moy i come info fhe room7
:l=ll 'l-l 'lol=l l-l Moy fhe fwo of us reod fhe book7
:l'l =ll l*l>l'll l*Dl-l Moy oII of us go fo fhe cinemo7
-l. Mo.
l -ll l*Dl i Mo oII of you moy nof go fo fhe cinemo. '-l *l -ll 'l*Dli
And donf osk me ogoinl

'-l is on :=ll meoning "ogoin." -ll is on :=ll fhof is used fo soy "donf
/ no" os in o requesf or o commond. The -l is used in o sfofemenf.
Some exompIes:
:Fll, l>l -ll l*D i
And he onswers -l, : -l, l*Dll-li
l-l, ll-l -ll i
And fhe l-l onswers : ll-li
And fhe ll-l soys "'l- l -ll -l ll !"
Do you undersfond how fhe -ll ond fhe -l ore used7 "
Z. 8esides osking for permission in fhe l-l, fhe ll ll moy oIso be
used fo express o wish. PIeose foke o Iook of fhe Z00Z-Z003 Chifropur Mofh
coIendor. Pighf obove Porom Poojyo Anondoshrom Swomijis phofogroph ore
fhe words "-ll-l Fl Fll-l "which meon "Lef us be joyfuI for o hundred
oufumns."

Mow comes fhe fricky one fhe 'll-l '!l i
sanskrit Lesson 20. Level 2
2/2
If i soy "lFl!l, 'llo 'lo" or " lFl!l, 'llo 'lo, " fhe meoning is cIeor
enough.....i om speoking fo fhe lFl!l ond commonding him fo sfudy .
The lFl!l is l-lll-l }=l*l-l ond i moy use eifher 'lo or 'lo .... o
poinf oIreody discussed in Lesson Z0 LeveI I.
Whof if i soy " lFl!l 'llo 'lo " ...whof do i meon by if7 i om
obviousIy nof oddressing fhe sfudenf or eIse i wouId hove used fhe
word lFl!l i And i connof use fhe verb 'lo becouse i om using o 'll-l
'!l }=l*l-l form lFl!l , fherefore i MUST use 'lo | 0effif7
Whof i om effecfiveIy doing is feIIing someone eIse fo moke sure fhof
fhe sfudenf is sfudying. i mighf soy fhese words fo o cIoss monifor
osking her fo moke sure fhof fhe sfudenf is sfudying whiIe i go fo fhe
sfoff-room ond hove o cup of much-Ionged-for coffee.
lFl!l 'llo 'lo i Lef fhe sfudenf sfudy.
llll ll-l lC- i Lef fhe boys pIoy in fhe gorden.
lll, ll-l lC i 8oy pIoy in fhe gorden.
CIeor7
Suffice fo soy whenever you come ocross fhe word " Lef" use fhe ll
ll |

Over now fo onIy 8uffef exercises on Lessons I9 Z0( LeveI I.) ond Z0 (LeveI
Z.)

****************

sanskrit buffet A) Lesson 19, 20 -1 , 20 -2
1/2
8uffef exercises A) on Lessons I9 Z0 ( LeveI I.) ond Z0 (LeveI Z.)

I. Pecife oIoud fhe verb ond fhe noun/pronouns in combinofions.
For exompIe
l 'lo, ll 'loll-l, l 'lo-l ,
ll 'lo, l 'loll-l , ll 'lo-l,
ll 'lo, l 'loll-l, lll-l 'lo-li
=l 'lo , =ll 'lol-l , ll 'lol i
: 'loll-l, :l=ll 'lol=l, =ll 'lol-l i

Z. PepIoce fhe verb ond fhen do fhe some exercise over ogoin wifh
l-l l*D ), 'll l'll ), lll , =l , ll i
PIeose soy if ouf Ioud. Thofs fhe onIy woy fo froin yourseIf fo use
fhe correcf combinofions. AIso fry ond picfurise fhe fobIe in your
mind. VisuoI memory goes o Ionger woy in heIping you fo recoII.

3. Sfudy fhe SuppIemenf secfion corefuIIy. The l-l, =l-l, -llll ond
fhe pronouns shouId oIso be sfocked firmIy in your memory bonk.

4. Peod fhe foIIowing exompIe: Pom drink wofer. And fhen fronsIofe
if info bofh-- l-l,-l=ll-l ll l'll and l-l, =l ll l'll i
Do fhe some for--
I. Sifo sif here.
Z. Lokshmon eof fhis fruif.
3. keshov do nof go fo fhe gorden now.
4. Peod fhis book.
b. Speok.
6. TeII fhe sfory fo fhe girI.
Mofe: if is nof necessory fo soy fhe -l=ll-l and =l-l in
conversofions when we use senfences of fhis kind. We ore doing if
now fo fix fhe verb-noun/pronoun combinofion firmIy in our minds.

sanskrit buffet A) Lesson 19, 20 -1 , 20 -2
2/2
b. TronsIofe fhe foIIowing senfences info Sonskrif. The second
senfence in fhe group MAY hove fwo fronsIofionsl

I. Pom is going fo fhe cinemo.
Z. Pom go fo fhe cinemo.

3. Modhov is pIoying wifh Shyom.
4. Modhov pIoy wifh Shyom.

b. I om reoding o book.
o. Moy I reod o book7

7. The feocher is speoking fo fhe sfudenfs.
8. Teocher speok fo fhe sfudenfs.

9. Fofher is cooking food in fhe kifchen.( use l-l)
I0. Fofher cook food in fhe kifchen.

II. AII of us ore doncing in fhe schooI.
IZ. Moy oII of us donce in fhe schooI7

I3. The fwo of you ore Iooking of fhe bird.
I4. The fwo of you Iook of fhe bird.

Ib. The girIs ore coming from fhe viIIoge.
Io. 0irIs come from fhe viIIoge.

I7. The fwo boys ore crying.
I8. ( Heyl) fwo boys cry.

o. Peod onIy. SimpIy undersfond fhe foIIowing possoge.

-l A peocock.
-l -llll i >l -llll -l ll-l -llll i l -llll lllll
-llll i =l -l 'lFl i =l-l ll-l l*D i - -l 'lFl i

sanskrit buffet lesson B. 19, 20-1, 20-2.
1/2
8uffef Exercises 8. Answers fo 8uffef A. I9 Z0-I Z0-Z.

4.
I. Sifo sif here. llll, -l=lll :>l 3'll=lFl i llll , =l-l :>l 3'll=lFli

Z. Lokshmon eof fhis fruif. l-l7l, -l=ll-l ]ll 'l lli
l-l7l, =l-l ]ll 'l lli

3. keshov do nof go fo fhe gorden now.
Fl=l, -l=ll-l :-ll 3ll-l -ll l*D iFl=l, =l-l :-ll 3ll-l -ll
l*D i

4. Peod fhis book.
]ll 'l 'l i ]ll 'l 'l i

b. Speok. =l i =l i

o. TeII fhe sfory fo fhe girI. llllll ll ll i llllll ll lli

b. TronsIofed.

I. Pom is going fo fhe cinemo. l-l l*l>l'll l*Dlli
Z. Pom go fo fhe cinemo. l-l,-l=ll-l l*l>l'll l*D i l-l, =l l*l>l'll l*Di

3. Modhov is pIoying wifh Shyom. -lll=l Fll-l-l l l7ll i
4. Modhov pIoy wifh Shyom. -lll=l, -l=ll-l Fll-l-l l l7 i -lll=l, =l Fll-l-l l
l7i

b. I om reoding o book. : 'l 'lll-l i
o. Moy I reod o book7 l-l : 'l 'lll-l

7. The feocher is speoking fo fhe sfudenfs. :ll'l Dl>ll-l =llli
8. Teocher speok fo fhe sfudenfs. :ll'l, Dl>ll-l =li

9. Fofher is cooking food in fhe kifchen. l-l 'lll 'l*lll i
I0. Fofher cook food in fhe kifchen. l-l, 'lll 'l*l i

sanskrit buffet lesson B. 19, 20-1, 20-2.
2/2

II. AII of us ore doncing in fhe schooI. =ll l=lllll -lll-li
IZ. Moy oII of us donce in fhe schooI7 l =ll l=lllll -lll-l

I3. The fwo of you ore Iooking of fhe bird. =ll ll 'lFll i
I4. The fwo of you Iook of fhe bird. =ll ll 'lFll-l i

Ib. The girIs ore coming from fhe viIIoge. lllll ll-lll :ll*Dl-l i
Io. 0irIs come from fhe viIIoge. lllll -l=ll) ll-lll :ll*D-i lllll l)
ll-lll :ll*Dl i

I7. The fwo boys ore crying. llll -li
I8. ( Heyl) fwo boys cry. llll, -l=l-ll ) -ll-l i llll , =ll) -l-l i
***********

sanskrit lesson 21A.
1/4
Lesson ZI A. CIossy cIossificofions. The sfory of Ponini. Porf I.

This Iesson is cIossified os "Peod OnIy.....buiIding up on generoI knowIedge."

Mo one soid fhof o morrioge is eosy-going. If gefs fougher when one-fourfh
of fhe words your brond new husbond speoks go obove your heod. Here i
wos oII sef fo enfer my new home ond i wos foId " ll =l7l ll =ll i"
i undersfood mosf of fhe senfence....i wos being osked fo keep my
somefhing in fhe pIoce poinfed ouf fo me.....buf fhe crucioI "somefhing" wos
fhe mysfery. Whof in fhe worId were =l7l s 7
Ahl Thonk fhe good Lord fhof peopIe offen use fheir eyes fo speok os weIIl
In o second i figured fhof o =l7l wos fhe ubiquifous sIipper...*l''ll i 8odgi-
vocobuIory is o frifIe differenf from fhe Tenki one. ( For fhe benefif of my
Mon Chifropur-Soroswof friends...us Chifropur-Soroswofs ore offecfionofeIy
"cIossified" os lCll s from Morfh konoro ond ll s from Soufh konoro.) So
wifh fhe heIp of my Poppommo my fofhers mofher i compiIed o synonym-
dicfionory of sorfs fo heIp eose my fronsifion info o Tenki househoId. Mow
yeors down fhe oisIe i sIip from one fongue fo fhe ofher wifh fhe eose of on
eeI.
i con befcho boffom doIIor fhof our Ponini....Sonskrif 0rommorion por
exceIIence... hod o simiIor probIem. PeopIe oII over 8horofvorsho spoke fhe
Ionguoge buf offen fhe vocobuIory used wos sIighfIy differenf. If i soid
-7Cl wofermeIon in konkoni) , fhe guy in fhe nexf disfricf wouId soy
l*l (diffo).... ond onIy confusion wouId prevoiI if ever fhe fwoin did meef.
8efore Ponini mony fried fheir hond of geffing fhis spoken Ionguoge fo
conform fo ruIes ond fhey did o good job foo....buf none monoged fo moke if
os perfecf os Ponini did. (The word Sonskrif ifseIf meons fhof which hos
been sysfemofi;ed.)
0ood oI Ponini 0od bIess his souI being exfremeIy sensifive fo peopIes
feeIings so no group wouId feeI Ieff ouf ond wonfing fo see everybody Iive
hoppiIy ever offer 940907 decided fo ocf Poppommo ond broughf oII of
fhem fogefher under fhe oegis of "Sonskrif." He foured oII over
8horofvorsho nofed every word used ond puf if oII down on poper. Then he

2/4
cIossified fhe words. AMD HOWlll ( To his credif ...he sfudied oII exisfing
grommor works ond in his own work hos very reIigiousIy ond foifhfuIIy
occounfed ofher grommorions fhoughfs on fhe subjecf under discussion.)
He cIossified nouns depending on fhe gender ond on whof if ends wifh
..whefher o voweI or o consononf. So we hove o 'lll , >llll ond o
-l'll=lll And we hove o :l, :ll, ;, ;, , ,>lz, l, ,-l ,:-l , :ll ,
efc. ending gender cIossified nouns. And we hove pronouns cIossified info fhe
fhree genders.
Wifh nouns ond pronouns done he shiffed his offenfion fo fhe verbs. He
fried fo figure ouf whof fo do wifh fhe groups of peopIe soying " :l -l-lll-l
" ond fhose soying ":l =l- " 8ofh meonf " I om doing nomoskoor" in fhe
presenf fense. (Jusf os fhe 8odgis wouId soy 'l7 ond fhe Tenkis *ll, for
fhe word "Iook".....fhis moy nof be on occurofe exompIe of fwo seporofe verb
groups Iike fhe -l-lll-l ond =l- ..for fo be obsoIufeIy honesf onIy o few
isoIofed words in konkoni ore so differenf.....buf if does give on ideo of whof
im frying fo convey. Or of Ieosf i hope if doesl ) TrodifionoIIy fhe -l-lll-l
group of verbs ore coIIed 'l-l'l , henceforfh referred fo os P.P. ond fhe
=l- group of verbs :l-l-l'l henceforfh referred fo os A.P.
Here is o preview of how fhe :l-l-l'l is conjugofed in fhe presenf fense.
=l- =l-l fo do nomoskoor )l ll
'!l
Person
}=l*l-l
SinguIor

l\=l*l-l
DuoI
l=l*l-l
PIuroI
'll-l l/ ll / ll
=l-l
ll/ l /l =l-l l/ ll/lll-l
=l--l
-ll-l =l =l-l =ll =l-l l =l-=l
l-l : =l- :l=ll =l-l=l =ll =l-l-l

8ock fo our sfory... Ponini did nof wonf fo Ief o singIe verb disoppeor info
obIivion. So he puf fhem oII fogefher ond begon fo sfudy fhem deepIy. He

3/4
sforfed fo Iook for simiIorifies ond fhen come ocross onofher mind-bender.
There were o few verbs fhof fook bofh forms...for exompIe -ll worship
which become bofh -llll ond -lll He nomed fhis group of verbs
-ll'l ( U.P.) . The P.P. ond fhe A.P. ond fhe U.P. puf fogefher wouId moke
fhe Ionguoge richer.

So for in our Iessons i hove onIy infroduced fo you fhe P.P. verbs. In fhe
nexf few Iessons now fhof you ore owore fhof A.P. ond U.P. verbs exisf os
weII we wiII Ieorn fhem oII simuIfoneousIy. Piece of cokel Mof fo worryl SIow
ond sfeody....weII beof fhe forfoise yefl

A hounfingIy Iosf concepf:
There is onofher schooI of fhoughf fhof beIieves fhof specioI offenfion musf
be poid fo fhe originoI meoning of fhe words "'l-l'l "ond ":l-l-l'l."
The word 'l meons " ofhers" ond fhe word :l-l-l meons " oneseIf." If is
fhoughf fhof fhe 'l-l'l group of verbs were used when fhe resuIf of fhe
ocfion wos for ofhers ond fhe :l-l-l'l group of verbs when fhe resuIf of
fhe ocfion wos onIy for oneseIf. There were enough verbs in bofh sefs fo
cover fhis beoufifuI concepf. Lef me give you on exompIe of on -ll'l ll
fo expIoin whof i meon...'l*l is on -ll'l lli If is conjugofed bofh os
'l*lll ond 'l*ll i When Mofher cooks she obviousIy cooks for fhe enfire
fomiIy. Therefore, -llll 'l*lll i A Yofi ( sonyosi) wouId need fo cook onIy for
himseIf. Therefore lll 'l*ll i
As fhe yeors possed fhis originoI concepf of o singIe person using bofh
forms of differenf fimes fo meon differenf fhings wos Iosf. Two seporofe
groups of peopIe emerged ond fhey eoch odopfed fhe fwo differenf sfyIes of
speech. Ponini come much Iofer fo bring if oII fogefher ogoin. 8uf by fhen
fhe originoI disfincfive use hod given woy fo o more democrofic "freedom of
expression"...ond now -llll 'l*lll ond -llll 'l*ll hod begun fo meon fhe
some.

4/4

Once Poninis work become known fo fhe peopIe fhe Sonskrif 8odgis ond
fhe Tenkis of fhe doys gone by become fomiIior wifh eoch ofhers vocobuIory
ond very soon o mixfure of fhe fwo become o singIe common medium of
communicofion. Much Iike my kids speok fodoyl If is preffy nofuroI fo come
ocross o senfence Iike :l -ll- l*Dll-l, =l =l- *l

Heorfworming nofe: Mosf of fhe verbs we use ore 'l-l'l (P.P.), buf o
few very imporfonf ones ore :l-l-l'l A.P.). 8ofh fhese groups musf be
sfudied simuIfoneousIy. Heres o good reoson fo Ieorn fhe A.P. Iof. How wouId
we undersfond o bhojon Iike fhis one wifhouf knowing fhe A.P.7

I. =l- =l- :) Fl *l7l-l or for fhof moffer...
Z. l !7l =l- ll;-l i or for fhof moffer...
3. =l=lll -ll lFlllll-l .... : -ll...worship.) Hmmmm777

When i know fhof i om fhe one doing fhe nomoskoor or fhe worship doesnf
if sfrengfhen my personoI invoIvemenf in fhe bhojon 7
Mow you wiII undersfond fhe meoning of our MofionoI Song.... =l- -lll-l
.... if is i who om doing nomoskoor fo my mofherIond. 8efore i begon my
sfudy of Sonskrif i oIwoys fhoughf fhof fhe nofionoI song hod fo be sung in o
group. Mow im oIder ond wiser...

The Hisfory of o Longuoge is fremendousIy inferesfing. And fhof of fhe
mosf oncienf one of oII even more so. This porficuIor Iesson friggered in me
fhe need fo reod more obouf our oncienf posf. Whenever i come ocross
foscinofing bifs iII send fhem over fo you.

Mow o Iook of Porf Z for furfher insighfs info Poninis work.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^

1/2
Lesson ZI. 8. CIossy CIossificofions. The Sfory of Ponini. Porf Z.

Diffo insfrucfions os given in Lesson ZI A: Peod onIy Lesson...

P.P. A.P. ond U.P.....0oing fhrough his freosure house of verbs Ponini
noficed how some verbs were conjugofed very simpIy....=l =lll, 'lo
'loll , ll llll , l=l l=ll fo serve, l-l l-ll fo obfoin ....ond some
jusf wenf bonkers ond ovoforofied info =ll =lllll , 'll'lllll, or
worse :lFl :lF-llll fo eof.
Since he hod oIreody begun cIossifying he decided fo go oII fhe woy. Whofs
onofher fen groups or so7l The 'l-l'l, fhe:l-l-l'l ond fhe -ll'l
fhen gof furfher cIossified info fen groups. The groups ore coIIed l7l s .
AII verbs fhof were conjugofed simiIorIy gof puf fogefher info one l7l .
Eoch l7l confoined P.P. A.P. ond U.P. verbs. Those fhof were very simpIy
conjugofed wifh fhe endings ll or l or bofh were puf info fhe firsf l7l .
Those fhof needed ofher Ieffers Iike -ll ( which by fhe woy ore coIIed
l=l7l s .These l=l7l s ore Ieffers fhof ore odded in fhe middIe of o
word ... offer fhe lll ond before fhe oddifion of fhe ll or l ... Iike our
:lFl :lF-llll ) were puf info onofher. Those fhof needed on :ll (onofher
l=l7l), info sfiII onofher....ond so on ond so forfh fiII oII fhe over Z000
verbs ( Yipesll) fhof he hod coIIecfed during his nofionwide four fif snugIy
info some cofegory or fhe ofher.
Eoch l7l wos nomed offer ifs mosf fomous ond fhoroughIy used lll . And
eoch l7l hod o sef of ruIes which oII fhe lll s in fhof l7l foifhfuIIy
foIIowed. Lefs gef info fhe l7l ond fheir nomes ond ofher defoiIs of o Iofer
dofe. ( i heord you soy "Phewl"...donf deny if nowl)
The whoIe ideo wos fhis: whenever some eosf disfricf-ife visifed o norfh
disfricf-ife ond wonfed fo use o rore verb hed simpIy menfion fhe nome of

2/2
fhe l7l fo which his verb beIonged ond hey presfol every person knew how
fo conjugofe fhe newIy heord verb in ifs vorious fenses ond moods....fhe
l=ll s. (There ore fen of fhose foo buf we need fo be fomiIior wifh jusf
five....fhe presenf fense fhe posf fense fhe fufure fense ond fhe imperofive
ond pofenfioI mood. Thonk you Lord for smoII mercies.)

Then wifh fhis monumenfoI work compIefe our mon resfed.

And so wiII we. Af Ieosf for fodoy. (Thoughf if wos fime fhof i puf oII my
cords on fhe fobIe.) Wifh Lesson ZZ we wiII begin wifh fhe A.P. verbs in fhe
presenf fense...fhof is if you ore sfiII wifh me.

0ood Mews: We do nof hove fo Ieorn more fhon Z000 verbsl There ore
mony verbs fhof meon fhe some.....we con oIwoys use l llll insfeod of l
:F-llll conf we7
8effer news : Wifh I0I0 verbs in fhe firsf l7l ifseIf we con find verbs
fo describe jusf obouf ony ocfion in fhof one ifseIf. So oII we do is gef
friendIy wifh fhe Isf l7l.
8effer news (b0-b0): The 4fh fhe ofh ond fhe I0fh l7l ore oIso
conjugofed Iike fhe Isf l7l.
AImosf 8uf Mof Quife 0ood Mews : Conf negIecf fhof Iof fhen.
8esf news: The reoson we need fo be fomiIior ( we neednf be pundifs) wifh
oII fhis sfuff is fhof whenever we come ocross on unknown conjugofed verb
or o decIined noun in fexfs of ony kind we wiII of Ieosf hove fhe copocify fo
exfricofe fhe roof word from if ond fhen check o dicfionory for ifs meoning.

Do i heor o" How in fhe worId wiII i monoge fo hondIe oII fhis7"
Cosf fhof fhoughf ouffo your minds-
IfII be o bree;e youII seel
For why do you worry my deor deor one
When :>l :-l :l-l!!

sanskrit lesson 22.
1/3
Lesson ZZ. Leorning how fo formuIofe o verb form.

Trusf oII of you hove survived fhe shock of knowing whof is now in sfore for
you. Mow some pIeosonf news....Lesson ZI is fhe sfoge from which we begin
LeveI Z of our ongoing sfudy of Sonskrif. To oII of you who hove cIicked onfo
fhis Iesson o very worm weIcomel
From now onwords oIong wifh fhe verbs you wiII be infroduced fo fhe l7l fo
which if beIongs os weII. For exompIe
I. l-l l*D I. P.P. fo go.),
Z. l l*D I. P.P. fo give.) ,
3. 'lo I. P.P. fo reod or sfudy.)

Mofe I: In fhe firsf fwo coses fhe chonged form of fhe ll is used in fhe
verb forms. The usobIe form hos fherefore been given in brockefs. In fhe
fhird cose fhe originoI ll is used in fhe verb form ond fherefore fhe need
fo repeof if does nof orise. This sfyIe is THE sfyIe fhof is odopfed in oII
fexfs dicfionories efc.

Mofe Z: The A.P. fobIe hos oIreody been given in Lesson ZI A. PIeose refer
fo if whenever necessory. The ruIes fhof you hove been foIIowing wifh fhe
P.P. remoin fhe some for fhe A.P. ond fhe U.P. The subjecf MUST ogree wifh
fhe verb form. ALWAYS. Mo oIfercofions. EVEP.

The Isf 4fh ofh ond fhe I0fh l7l s ore conjugofed simiIorIy. You hove been
doing fhis quife nofuroIIy fhe Iosf fhree monfhs oIbeif wifhouf knowing fhe
ruIes.
l*l-l for exompIe is o U.P. ond from fhe I0fh l7l, the *lll7l i
l*l-l I0 U.P. fo fhink.) If con be conjugofed os bofh l*l-llll ond
l*l-lll i If hos been puf info fhe I0fh l7l becouse of fhe oddifion
of fhe l=l7l, :l i The l of fhe l*l-l joins wifh fhe : of fhe :l
fo give l*l-l i Then since if is o U.P. eifher o ll or o l con be odded

sanskrit lesson 22.
2/3
os o 'lll fo give l*l-llll or l*l-lll i l*l-l + :l + ll/ l
l*l-llll / l*l-lll
Do recoII our second Iesson fhof hos expIoined how l +: l )
So now if you were fo see o l I0. U.P. fo feII) whof you wiII do is
l + :l + ll/ l llll / lll i SimpIe oinf if7

Mow o Iook of exompIes from fhe Isf. The -=llll7l i The l=l7l is
: iTherefore l-l l*D I. P.P. fo go.), l l*D I. P.P. fo give.) , 'lo
I. P.P. fo reod or sfudy.) very simpIy become l*Dll, l*Dll ond
'loll i l=l ( I. A.P. fo serve) becomes l=ll i

The l=l7l for fhe 4fh fhe l=llll7l is l i Therefore -ll (4 P.P.
fo donce) becomes -ll + l + ll -llll i If if were I0. P.P. if wouId
become -lllll , goffiff77777
l-l ll , 4. A.P. fo generofe/ produce) becomes llll i

The l=l7l for fhe ofh lll7l , is oIso :.
lll (o P.P. fo wrife.) Therefore fhe verb becomes lllll i
ll'l (o U.P. fo fhrow.) Therefore fhe verb becomes ll'lll or ll'lli

To puf if simpIy:
l7l l=l7l
I
-=llll7l :
4
l=llll7l l
o
lll7l :
I0
*lll7l :l

sanskrit lesson 22.
3/3
Once you hove hod o chonce of figuring ouf how fo orrive of your verb
form by knowing how if is cIossified on enfire new worId opens upl If you
needed onofher Sonskrif word for " fo fhink" fhe dicfionory wouId feII
you -l-l ( 4.A.P.) ond you wouId insfonfIy come up wifh o -l-ll i Isnf if
wonderfuI77ll

Lefs concenfrofe on fhe Isf 4fh ofh ond fhe I0fh. conjugofions.
The 8uffef ond fhe 8onquef ore of your service. Anofher odded weekIy
feofure wiII be o "From our Librory.. . Peod OnIy Series" in Sonskrif. i
pIon fo puf up simpIe sfories dioIogues conversofions efc. fhof wiII heIp
you buiId your reoding ond undersfonding skiIIs. As your undersfonding
increoses fhe sfories wiII gef more creofive ond for more inferesfing....so
pIeose do excuse my very simpIe presenfofions fhese firsf few weeksl

Mews fIosh from my sfockbroker: Two dicfionories An EngIish -
Sonskrif AMD o Sonskrif -EngIish wiII be exceIIenf invesfmenfs fhof
promise rich dividends for Iife. ( Monier WiIIioms OP Vomonroo Apfes
Sfudenfs Dicfionories. 8ofh ore good.)
A Fl ll 'll=lll o sIim book fhof gives you o compIefe knowhow of
noun decIensions ond verb conjugofions . Mony pubIicofions ore ovoiIobIe.
Monveef AnmoI..... oII ore exceIIenf.

Those obrood con pIon on buying fhese " Mecessory ifems fo be odded fo
oIreody overfuII booksheIves " on your nexf frip fo Indio. They ore
wonderfuI keys fo heIp unIock fhe mysfery fhof is Sonskrifl

Mow over fo fhe exercise secfion.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

1/2
8uffef Lesson ZZ A) P.P.s ond A.P.s ond U.P.s.

Mouns Verbs Avyoyos

=l-ll The Eorfh. F ,l I. A.P. fo see)

l*l>l picfures M -'l I. A.P. fo
frembIe)

-l'lll-l fhunder.M I.A.P. fo jump.)

-lll boof.F >l >lll, I.A.P. fo sove.)

-ll!l I. A.P. fo speok)

-*l -*l o. U.P. fo
discord/ Ief go)

- -ll I.A.P. fo be
hoppy)

ll*l I. A.P. fo beg/ fo
osk for )

l-l I. A. P. fo obfoin.)

=ll =ll I. A.P. fo be)

=ll =ll I. A.P. fo
grow.)

Trip up oIerf:
Jusf os fhe presenf fenses of fhe P.P. ond fhe A.P. ore differenf so ore fhe
imperofive moods. Since we hove nof done fhe imperofive mood of fhe A.P.
you wiII need fo use fhe P.P. wherever necessory.

2/2

A. TronsIofe using fhe A.P. verbs.
I. A Iion is in fhe foresf.
Z. The men ore in fhe boof.
3. You fwo heor fhe fhunder.
4. The frees grow in fhe gorden.
b. The fwo men speok fo fhe presidenf of fhe workpIoce.
o. The eorfh frembIes.
7. The Lord soves His devofees from bod peopIe.
8. The boys ore hoppy.
9. You speok fo fhe girI.
I0. AII of us beg for money.
II. He obfoins weoIfh from fhe rich mon.
IZ. I do nof Ief go of Trufh.
I3. The fwo of us jump from fhe free onfo fhe ground (eorfh).
I4. The fwo of you ore Iooking of fhe picfures.
Ib. Mew York is in Americo.

8. Conjugofe oII fhe verbs foughf fodoy . 8y fhe end of fhe session you
wouId nofuroIIy hove memori;ed fhe A.P. presenf fense fobIe os weII.

C. Try form fhe verbs for fhe foIIowing :
I. -lll I0. U.P. fo wipe cIeon)
Z. I. P.P. fo memori;e.)
3. l 4. A.P. fo moke wor/ fo fighf)
4. > o. P.P. fo breok.)
b. ll I A.P. fo fry.)

^^^^^^^^^^^

1/1
8uffef Lesson ZZ 8. Answers fo Lesson ZZ A.
I. A Iion is in fhe foresf. })ll =l-l =lll i
Z. The men ore in fhe boof. -ll -lllll =ll-l i
3. You fwo heor fhe fhunder. =ll -l'lll-l-l :l7llli
4. The frees grow in fhe gorden. =lll ll-l =ll-l i
b. The fwo men speok fo fhe presidenf of fhe workpIoce. -ll
llllll :ll -ll!ll i
o. The eorfh frembIes. =l-ll -'ll i
7. The Lord soves His devofees from bod peopIe. =l ll -lll-l
l-l-l >llll i
8. The boys ore hoppy. llll -ll-l i
9. You speok fo fhe girI. =l lllll -ll!ll i
I0. AII of us beg for money. =ll l-l ll*ll-li
II. He obfoins weoIfh from fhe rich mon. l ll-lll l-l l-ll i
IZ. I do nof Ief go of Trufh. : ll -l -*l i
I3. The fwo of us jump from fhe free onfo fhe ground (eorfh). :l=ll
=llll l=l =l-llll-l i
I4. The fwo of you ore Iooking of fhe picfures . =ll l*l>lll7l ,ll i
Ib. Mew York is in Americo. - ll :-lllll =lll i

C.
I. -lll I0. U.P. fo wipe cIeon) -llllll , -lllll i Thof is why o cof is
coIIed o -llll becouse if is consfonfIy Iicking ifseIf fo keep cIeonl
Z. I. P.P. fo memori;e.) ll i
3. l 4. A.P. fo moke wor/ fo fighf) ll i
4. > o. P.P. fo breok.) >ll i
b. ll I A.P. fo fry.) lll i

sanskrit banquet lesson 22 C.
1/2
8onquef Lesson ZZ C. P.P.s A.P.s ond U.P.s.

Mouns Verbs Avyoyos
=l-ll The Eorfh. ,l I. A.P. fo see)

l*l>l picfures M -'l I. A.P. fo
frembIe)

-l'lll-l fhunder. M I.A.P. fo jump.)

-lll boof. F >l >lll, I.A.P. fo sove.)

-ll!l I. A.P. fo speok)

-*l -*l o. U.P. fo
discord/ Ief go)

- -ll I.A.P. fo be
hoppy)

ll*l I. A.P. fo beg/
osk for )

l-l I. A. P. fo obfoin.)

=ll =ll I. A.P. fo be)

=ll =ll I. A.P. fo
grow.)

Trip up oIerf:
Jusf os fhe presenf fenses of fhe P.P. ond fhe A.P. ore differenf so ore fhe
imperofive moods. Since we hove nof done fhe imperofive mood of fhe A.P.
you wiII need fo use fhe P.P. wherever necessory.

TronsIofe using os mony A.P. verbs os you con.

I. I om Iooking of o book. There ore mony picfures in fhe book. Look
Modhov do you see fhe boy in fhis picfure7 The boy is osking for miIk
from fhe shopkeeper. Here in fhis picfure fhe shopkeeper is giving
fhe miIk fo fhe boy. The boy obfoins fhe miIk. The shopkeeper obfoins
weoIfh.

2/2

Z. Look of fhe cIouds in fhe sky Sudho. Look of fhe roinl If is foIIing on
fhe Ieoves. The Ieoves ore frembIing. The roin is foIIing on fhe eorfh.
When I heor fhe fhunder fhen I fhink fhof fhe eorfh is frembIing
foo. I Iook fowords fhe sky. When fhe roin foIIs on my foce fhen i om
hoppy. Sudho ore you hoppy foo7

3. The boy foIIs info fhe Ioke from fhe boof. The boy is ofroid of fhe
wofer. He is nof swimming. The mon sees fhe boy. He jumps info fhe
Ioke. He swims fowords fhe boy. He hoIds him wifh his hond. He does
nof Ief go of fhe boys hond. He soves him.

4. Podho come fo fhe gorden. Sif here. Look of fhe frees. There ore
frees everywhere in fhe gorden. Creepers grow in fhe gorden foo.
FIowers ore growing on fhe frees ond creepers. Look of fIowers
Podho do nof Iook of fhe peopIe.

b. The feocher speoks. The sfudenfs do nof Iisfen. They ore speoking
foo. The feocher is ongry wifh fhe sfudenfs buf fhey ore nof ofroid of
him.

o. I go fo fhe fempIe. I do nomskoor fo fhe Lord. I beg for weoIfh. The
fwo men beg for food oufside fhe fempIe. Mony chiIdren come fo fhe
fempIe. They beg for knowIedge. An oId mon foo is doing nomoskoor fo
fhe Lord. He osks for hoppiness.

i ossume fhof my 8onquefifes do fhe 8uffef Iessons os weII. Donf miss fhe 8
ond C secfions of 8uffef Lesson ZZ A.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit banquet lesson 22 D.
1/3
8onquef Lesson ZZ D. Answers fo Lesson ZZ C.

I. I om Iooking of o book. : 'l-l ,l i
There ore mony picfures in fhe book. 'l l*l>lll7l =ll-l i
Look Modhov do you see fhe boy in fhis picfure7 'lFl -lll=l,:l'l =l-l
}ll-l-l l*l>l lll -l ,ll
The boy is osking for miIk from fhe shopkeeper. lll :l'll7lll
l ll*ll i
Here in fhis picfure fhe shopkeeper is giving fhe miIk fo fhe boy. :>l,
}ll-l-l l*l>l, :l'll7l lllll l l*Dll i
The boy obfoins fhe miIk. lll l l-ll i
The shopkeeper obfoins weoIfh. :l'll7l l-l l-ll i

Z. Look of fhe cIouds in fhe sky Sudho. l, :llFl -l'll-l 'lFl !
Look of fhe roinl =l!ll 'lFl !
If is foIIing on fhe Ieoves. ll 'l>l! 'llll i
The Ieoves ore frembIing. 'l>lll7l -'l-l i
The roin is foIIing on fhe eorfh. =l!ll =l-llll 'llll i
When I heor fhe fhunder fhen I fhink fhof fhe eorfh is frembIing foo.
ll : -l'lll-l-l :l7llll-l, ll : l*l-llll-l ll =l-ll :l'l
-'ll i
I Iook fowords fhe sky. :-l :llFl 'lll ,l i
When fhe roin foIIs on my foce fhen i om hoppy. ll =l!ll -l-l -l 'llll ,
ll : -ll i
Sudho ore you hoppy foo7 l, l =l-l :l'l -lll

3. The boy foIIs info fhe Ioke from fhe boof. lll -lllll ll=l
'llll i

2/3
The boy is ofroid of fhe wofer. lll llll -ll-l :--l=lll i
He is nof swimming. l -l lll i
The mon sees fhe boy. -l lll -l ,ll i
He jumps info fhe Ioke. l ll=l l i
He swims fowords fhe boy. l lll 'lll llli
He hoIds him wifh his hond. l l l-l lll i
He does nof Ief go of fhe boys hond. l llll l -l -*ll i
He soves him. l l >llll i

4. Podho come fo fhe gorden. ll, ll-l-l :ll*D i
Sif here. :>l 'll=lFl i
Look of fhe frees. =lll-l 'lFl i
There ore frees everywhere in fhe gorden. ll-l l=l>l =lll =ll-l i
Creepers grow in fhe gorden foo. lll :l'l ll-l =ll-l i
FIowers ore growing on fhe frees ond creepers. '!'lll7l =ll! lll *l
=ll-li
Look of fIowers Podho do nof Iook of fhe peopIe. '!'lll7l 'lFl ll, l-ll-l
-ll 'lFl i

b. The feocher speoks. :ll'l -ll!lli
The sfudenfs do nof Iisfen. Dl>ll -l :l7lll-l i
They ore speoking foo. l :l'l -ll!l-l i
The feocher is ongry wifh fhe sfudenfs buf fhey ore nof ofroid of him.
:ll'l Dl>l-l 'lll 'l- l l-lll -ll -l :--l=ll-li

o. I go fo fhe fempIe. : -ll- l*Dll-li
I do nomoskoor fo fhe Lord. : =l =l-i
I beg for weoIfh. : l-l ll*l i

3/3
The fwo men beg for food oufside fhe fempIe. -ll -ll-ll ll :--l
ll*ll i
Mony chiIdren come fo fhe fempIe. llll -ll--l :ll*Dl-l i
They beg for knowIedge. l :ll-l ll*l-l i
An oId mon foo is doing nomoskoor fo fhe Lord. =l_ :l'l =l =l-l i
He osks for hoppiness. l l ll*lli

^^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 22 E.
1/3
From our Librory. (Peod OnIy Series.) Lesson ZZ E.
The sfory of fhe Pigeon ond fhe Anf.

The firsf of our weekIy sfories.

Mouns. Verbs Avyoyos. Adjecfives.
l'l'lllll onf F =l ( I.U.P. ) fIows. }l once of
one fime.
}/ }-l /
}l one
'lll pigeon M Fl Fl I.P.P.
fo bife)
:l down :-l :-l-l
:-ll mony.
-llll cof M + 'l
I0. P.P.) opens.
'll up. 'l7l7l7ll7ll
oId/ oncienf
l bonks of o
river.M
ll=l (I.P.P. ) Iives
exisfs survives.
Fll'l-l quickIy

:lll supporf M ll'l (o. U.P. fo
fhrow.)
-l--l / Fl-l
sIowIy.

-lo Mofh. M/M :l+-ll :l-ll
I.P.P. fo bring.)

:l-l Mongo free
M
l I. U.P. fo hoId.)
:l-l Mongo fruit.
M

Inferesfing concepf:
Mofice how fhe word } ( on odjecfive l=lFl!l7l ,in fhis sfory since if feIIs you
more obouf fhe noun) chonges info o moscuIine }, neufer }-l ond info o
feminine }l depending on fhe gender of fhe noun.

2/3
AIso nofice how fhe odjecfive foIIows ifs noun fhe l=lFl!l foifhfuIIy. If fhe noun
is feminine ond is !l l=l }=l*l-l, so is our odjecfive fhe l=lFl!l7l i If fhe noun
is moscuIine ond is l l=l l=l*l-l so is our odjecfive fhe l=lFl!l7l i
To moke if simpIer for me henceforfh iII Iisf oII new odjecfives in fhe monner
fhof i hove infroduced 'l7l 7l 7ll 7ll oId/ oncienf. The 7l is used for fhe
moscuIine word. The 7l for fhe neufer ond fhe 7ll 7ll for fhe feminine.

'llll'l'llllll ll i

} ll-l =lll i ll-ll -ll-l -lll'i -lll' } -lo =lll i -lo
'l7l-l i l-lll 'l7lll -loll ll }l llll =llli llllll l :-l l
=lll =ll-l i } l=lFlll :l-l l>l :l'l :lli ll-l-l l=lFlll :l-l :-lll-l
-lll7l :l-lll7l =ll-li =ll }l l'l'lllll =llll i l>l } 'lll :l'l =lllli

}l l'l'lllll =llll 'lllli ll :l 'llll i =llll ll llllll 'lllli :l
-lll l'l'lllllll !! =l!lllli ll'7ll llll Fll'l =lll i l'l'lllll :l'l
llllll ll-l l =llli l'l'lllll 'lll ,ll i l'l'lllll 'llll l-l>l-l i
'lll l'l'lllllll l-l>l-l i Fll'l 'lll =lll 'l>l llllll ll ll'lli
l'l'lllll 'l>ll :lll7l ll=lll i l-l-l 'lll 'l>l llllll l :l-lll i l
'l>l ll 'll ll'llll i l l'l'lllll >lllli

}l } -llll l>l :ll*Dll i -llll 'lll 'lFlll i 'lll -l ,ll
-llll-l i -l- -l- l 'lll 'lll l*Dlli i Fll'l l 'lll -l-l ll i 'lll
l'l'lllll 'lFlll i ll Fll'l-l :ll*Dll i ll -llll Flll i l-l :l~ll7l *l
-llll -l-l 4/llll i -lllll -lll 'lll 'llll i l'l'lllll 'lll
lll i

3/3
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 23.
1/1
Lesson Z3. Asmod.
My IiffIe ones Iove fo Ieove finy hondwriffen nofes for me in fhe mosf
unexpecfed pIoces. If is oIwoys o pIeosure fo come ocross fhem when moking
beds or omongsf my books or in fhe refrigerofor. To reod o " I Iove you
Ammo" or o " Whof con i do for you fo moke you hoppy7" is more fhon
enough fo keep me smiIing fhrough fhe doy.
How wouId we be obIe fo express our fhoughfs fo fhe peopIe we Iove
wifhouf fhe I ond fhe You7 Mosf of fhe pouronic shIokos in our Shiv Devi
ond 0uru Poojons foo hove fhese forms. And so fo heIp us express ourseIves
beffer we musf now do bofh fhe :-l I ond fhe !-l You forms of
pronouns. Lefs concenfrofe on fhe I group oIone fhis week. The You
group con be done nexf week.
The enfire vibhokfi fobIe for bofh forms ore in SuppIemenf 9. ModeI
senfences using fhe decIined words of eoch vibhokfi ore given beIow. Thof
shouId heIp you wifh your exercises.
: ll=l-lll =llll-li I Iive in Dodor.
l-l, -ll 'lFli Pom Iook of me.
-lll l Flll :l'l :ll i Shordo is oIso wifh me.
-l(l -ll 'l i Do nof be ongry wifh me.
: ll :l ll -ll -ll-l :--l=lll i I om o Iion fhof is why (fherefore)
she is ofroid of me.
-l-l l l>l :ll i My house is fhere.
:lll l=llll -lll -llll l-l Does fhe superinfendenf nof hove
foifh in me7
Mow o few senfences wifh fhe pIuroI:
:-ll Fl -lllFl i Our counfry is 8hoorof.
=ll ll 'lol-li We sfudy Sonskrif.
-llll :-ll l-l(lll i Mofher Ioves us.
PIeose do moke on efforf fo memori;e fhe fobIes. The words given in
brockefs ore oIso used frequenfIy in mony fexfs. Do nof ignore fhem.
Wifh fhe oddifion of fhe "From Our Librory " series fhe 8onquef Lessons
hove been mode shorfer. Trusf fhof fhof wiII be incenfive enough fo sfudy oII
fhe new words in fhe sfories fhoroughIyl

1/2
8uffef Lesson Z3A. Exercises wifh Asmod.
Mouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives
l-llll Iibrory
M

:l fodoy l-l -l -ll
exceIIenf
'll giff M

:=lFl-l
definifeIy/ sureIy

'l7ll inspirofion
F

l onswer M

A. Correcf fhe foIIowing senfences.
I. :-l :lll'll :lli
Z. =ll-l l l-l :l'l :ll*Dl-l i
3. l-l -ll-l l-l(lll i
4. :-ll -ll-l l'lll i
b. =l-l : ,lli
o. -l'l-l :-lll-l 'lll i
7. :l=ll-l 'lll-l 'lol-l i
8. -llll -lll l l*Dll i
9. -lll=l, -lll 'l-l l*D- i
I0. :-l l-l :>l :ll i

8. TronsIofe.
I. I om going fo fhe Iibrory.
Z. 0ive fhis giff fo me.
3. Todoy Sneho Iooks of me.
4. She is definifeIy coming wifh me fo fhe gorden.
b. My feocher soys fhof I om on exceIIenf sfudenf.

2/2
C. Mofch fhe coIumns. Pick o word from eoch of fhe coIumns fo moke o fhree
word senfence.

A 8 C
l-l -l(l =l
=ll-l -lll l=lFlll-l
_l :l=ll ,ll
l -ll-l :ll
Dl>ll -l-l 'll

^^^^^^^^^^^

1/1

2/2

1/2
8onquef Lesson Z3 C. Exercises wifh Asmod.

l-llll Iibrory
M

:l fodoy l-l -l -ll
exceIIenf
'll giff M

:=lFl-l
definifeIy/ sureIy

'l7ll inspirofion
F

l onswer M

Mofe: The senfences ore eifher in fhe presenf fense or in fhe imperofive
mood. They sound downrighf ridicuIous in conversofions. As we Ieorn fhe
ofher fenses ond moods my senfences wiII sound for beffer. i promise.

A. TronsIofe:

I. Pronov: Arre Sudho Pomesh where ore fhe fwo of you going7
Pomesh: We ore going fo fhe Iibrory Pronov. You oIso come wifh us.
Pronov: Todoy is my friends birfhdoy. I om buying o giff for him
from fhe morkef. 8uf definifeIy gef me o book from fhe Iibrory.
Pomesh: I om bringing o book for my friend. Afferwords foke fhof
book from me.
Sudho: We ore meefing ogoin in our schooI for fhe purpose of
reoding books. ( Thof wiII be jusf one wordl Con you figure if ouf
wifhouf Iooking of fhe onswers7)
Pronov: When our feochers Iook of us fhen fhey ore fhinking fhof
we ore exceIIenf sfudenfsl
Sudho: 8uf fhof is fhe frufhl And fhe feochers foifh is in us.
Pomesh: Yes. My feocher feIIs me fhof from us fhe chiIdren of our
cIoss obfoin inspirofion.
Sudho: Pronov Pomesh come fo my house now. Lef us drink feo.
Afferwords Pomesh you go fo fhof friends house ond we ore going
fo fhe Iibrory.

2/2
Z. My fofher Ioves me.
3. Our house is in Dodor.
4. The feocher osks o quesfion buf from me onswers do nof orise.
b. My mofher comes wifh fhe fwo of us fo schooI.
o. Thof boy is ongry wifh me .
7. The Iion Iooks of fhe fwo of us. He is nof ofroid of us.
8. I hove fwo girIs.
9. PIoce your foifh in me.
I0. The shopkeeper obfoins weoIfh from us.

8. Pecogni;e fhe foIIowing forms. One hos been done for you.
-ll :-l , 'l*l-ll l=l-lll }=l*l-l from me.
I. -l(l-l
Z. :-ll-l
3. -lll
4. :l=lll
b. -ll-l
o. :-ll
7. :-ll
8. -ll
9. -l-l
I0. :-lll-l

PIeose do fhe exercises in fhe 8uffef Iesson os weII.

1/3
8onquef Lesson Z3 D. Answers fo Lesson Z3 C.

A. TronsIofe:
I. Pronov: Arre Sudho Pomesh where ore fhe fwo of you going7
: l, -lFl, =ll >l l*Dl
Pomesh: We ore going fo fhe Iibrory Pronov. You oIso come wifh us.
:l=ll l-llll l*Dl=l, 'l7l=l i =l-l :l'l :l=ll-ll l :ll*D i
Pronov: Todoy is my friends birfhdoy. :l, -l-l l-l>ll
l--ll=lli
I om buying o giff for him from fhe morkef. : l-l 'll-l
:l'l7lll l7lll-l i
8uf definifeIy gef me o book from fhe Iibrory. 'l- :=lFl -l(l
l-llllll 'l-l :l-ll i
Pomesh: I om bringing o book for my friend. -l-l l-l>lll 'l-l
:-l :l-llll-li Afferwords foke fhof book from me. l-l-l -ll
ll 'l -ll i
Sudho: We ore meefing ogoin in our schooI for fhe purpose of
reoding books =ll-l :-ll l=lllll 'l'lo-lll '-l l-lll-l i
Pronov: When our feochers Iook of us fhen fhey ore fhinking fhof
we ore exceIIenf sfudenfsl ll :-ll-l :ll'll :-ll-l ,l-l
ll l l*l-ll-l ll =ll-l l-ll Dl>ll !
Sudho: 8uf fhof is fhe frufhl 'l- ll ll-l!
And fhe feochers foifh is in us. :ll'll-ll l=llll *l :-ll
:lli
Pomesh: Yes. My feocher feIIs me fhof from us fhe chiIdren of our
cIoss obfoin inspirofion. :l-l i -l-l :ll'l -l(l llll ll
:-ll llll llll :-ll 'l7ll l-l-l i
Sudho: Pronov Pomesh come fo my house now. 'l7l=l, -lFl,
:-ll -l-l l-l :ll*Dl-l i Lef us drink feo. =ll *lll l'lll-li

2/3
Afferwords Pomesh you go fo fhof friends house ond we ore going
fo fhe Iibrory. l-l-l, -lFl, =l ll l-l>ll l l*D :l=ll *l
l-llll l*Dl=li

Z. My fofher Ioves me. -l-l / -l l-l -lll l-l(lll i
3. Our house is in Dodor. :-ll l l :ll / =lll i
4. The feocher osks o quesfion buf from me onswers do nof orise.
:ll'l 'lF-l 'l*Dll 'l- -ll lll7l -l =ll-l i
b. My mofher comes wifh fhe fwo of us fo schooI. -l-l -llll :l=ll-ll l
'lloFllll-l / l=lllll-l :ll*Dll i
o. Thof boy is ongry wifh me . l lll -l(l / -l 'lll i
7. The Iion Iooks of fhe fwo of us. ll -ll / :l=ll-l ,ll i He is nof
ofroid of us. l :l=ll-ll -ll -l :--l=lll i
8. I hove fwo girIs. -l-l/ -l llll l i
9. PIoce your foifh in me. -l=ll/ -l=lll l=llll -lll ll'll i
I0. The shopkeeper obfoins weoIfh from us. :l'll7l :-ll l-l l-ll i

8. Pecogni;e fhe foIIowing forms. One hos been done for you.
-ll :-l , 'l*l-ll l=l-lll }=l*l-l from me.
I. -l(l-l :-l , *lll l=l-lll }=l*l-l for me.
Z. :-ll-l :-l , l\llll l=l-lll l=l*l-l us :objecf
3. -lll :-l , l'l-ll l=l-lll }=l*l-l in me.
4. :l=lll :-l , !l!ol / l'l-ll l=l-lll l\=l*l-l of fhe fhe fwo
of us in fhe fwo of us.
b. -ll-l :-l , l\lllll=l-lll }=l*l-l me : objecf.

o. :-ll :-l , 'l*l-ll l=l-lll l=l*l-l from us.
7. :-ll :-l , l'l-ll l=l-lll l=l*l-l in us.

3/3
8. -ll :-l , l\llll /*lll / !l!ol l=l-lll l\=l*l-l fwo of us:
objecf for fwo of us fwo of ours.
9. -l-l :-l , !l!ol l=l-lll }=l*l-l mine.
I0. :-lll-l :-l , lllll l=l-lll l=l*l-l by oII of us.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

1/2
From our Librory. Lesson Z3 E. The CIever EIephonf.

-ll fown M
=llll fempIe M
l=l +ll I.P.P.
fo shine gIiffer
Iook beoufifuI
:ll very,
exfroordinory
l-l how
-l7lll l ll
pIeosing
deIighffuI
-ll sfofue F
Fl-l view M
l-ll o. U.P. fo
meef
'l in fronf of !lll l ll
soffron coIoured
'llCl7l open
ground M
l-l I. P.P. fo dig 'll obove ll7l 7l 7ll
worn ouf
=lll--l fIog
posf M
:'l +-ll :'l-ll
I. U.P. fo remove.
:ll=l
exceedingIy
-l-l -l -ll new
'llll bonner F
ll'l-l
esfobIishmenf M

ll=ll for o shorf
whiIe
'll-l -l -ll
oncienf
:lFl hook
M/M

'l'l-l one
onofher
l-ll l
occording fo fhof
ll hoIe M
l\ eIephonf M
F7Cl eIephonfs
frunk F

l-ll'l-l, l-ll'l,
l-ll'lll neor
-l, , ll
for.
l=l l ll
fhof which shouId
be done by
someone.
llll noise
M/M
Fll=l young one
M

:l Ahl
(impIying joyfuI
or poinfuI
surprise.)
ll=lll-l -l -ll
corefuIIy
l wonder M
*lll cIeverness
M
llll
compossion F

ll*ll some
lll-l-l offer
fhe possoge of
fime
l-l l ll
forfunofe/
ouspicious/
virfuous

2/2

Inferesfing focf: The oddifion of fhe word l l ll fo ony word
mokes if on odjecfive ond conveys fhe meoning one who Iives/ sfoys/ is/
exifs in whofever For exompIe ll is o househoIder -lllis o cifi;en
of o fown ll-ll is o viIIoger. As on odjecfive if wiII mofch fhe noun in
gender vibhokfi ond number ( whefher singuIor duoI or pIuroI.) For exompIe
llll -llllFll=ll =l7l !7l .... fhe coIour of fhe kiffen fhof is in
fhe hoIe is bIock.
*l ll
:ll ll' -ll-l -ll-l i ll-l-l -ll } 'll*ll-l =llll :ll i
=llll =llllll :ll-l7llll -ll =lll i -lll -lll 'llll-l l>l
=llFl-lll l*Dl-l, ll 'lll-l *l i =lllll 'l 'llCl7l :ll }
=lll--li =llllll !lll=l7ll 'llll ll 'll l=lllll i :ll=l
'll*ll-l l--l :-ll ll7l -l=lll i :l, " F-ll-l, ll-l-l ll-l, -l-l
l--l ll'lll-l".....,ll -llll l*l-lll-l i
F-ll-l l=l -llll 'llCl7l l-lll-li l--lll'l-lll -l-l ll l-ll-li
'll-ll 'l-'ll :ll ll l--lll'l-l ll-l }=l l=l-l i l-ll
=lllll 'llCl7l l\ -ll-l i l-ll llF7Clll =lll--l ll'lll-l i
ll l--l lll, lll-ll'l-l :ll*Dll *l i 'l- l l--l ll -l ll'llli l
l>l ll!oll i Fl-l l lll l*Dlli l-ll llll 'll-l i l l-l
:CFl-l 'llCll-l i ll :l'l ll l--l ll -l ll'lll i l-l! llll
llll i l 'l'l 'l*Dl-l , " l--lll'l-l l -l=lll " ,ll i
ll*ll lll-l-l ll '-l lll-ll'l-l :ll*Dll i l Fl-l Fl-l ll
'lll l*Dlli l--l ll'llll i F7Cll lll -llllFll=l l
:'l-lllli l -llllFll=l ll=lll-l ll'llll i l-l-l l--l ll
ll'llll i l-ll :l~ll-l ll l=l 'lFll-l i l l-l =ll-l, " :l l-l
lll *lll llll *l " ,ll i
*********


1/1
Summing up of Monfh 4.

8y fhe end of fhe 4fh monfh you wouId hove ochieved fhe foIIowing:

I. Undersfood fhe usoge of fhe Sopfomi ond fhe Sombodhon .

Z. AII fhe vibhokfis hoving been compIefed, fhe moscuIine neufer ond fhe
feminine noun forms - l-l, =l-l ond -llll wouId hove been memori;ed.
Diffo wifh oII pronouns fhof hove oIreody been infroduced.

3. Leornf fhe imperofive mood ll ll of fhe P.P. ond know how fo
use if.

4. know fhof verbs couId be P.P. A.P. or U.P. ond be obIe fo differenfiofe
befween fhe P.P. ond A.P.

b. know fhof verbs ore divided info I0 0onoos.

o. Hove Ieornf how fo conjugofe presenf fense verb forms of fhe Isf
4fh ofh ond fhe I0fh 0onos.

7. Hove begun fo use fhe A.P. presenf fense verbs os weII.

8. Hove begun fo gef fomiIior wifh fhe Asmod pronoun.

9. PeoIi;ed fhof Asmod is nof governed by gender.

I0. Deduced fhof Yushmod is nof governed by gender eifher.

II. WeII seffIed ond comforfobIe wifh fhe Iessons ond Iooking forword fo
Monfh bl

^^^^^^^^^^
sanskrit lesson 24. A
1/2
8uffef Lesson Z4 A . Exercises wifh Yushmod.

Since fhere ore no specioI insfrucfions fo be given regording fhe Yushmod
forms i didnf fhink if necessory fo hove o seporofe concepf Iesson. Lefs
gef info fhe 8uffef exercises direcfIy.

l=lll!l bonk M ll If
-ll!l feIephone M ll OnIy fhen
-ll!ll-ll
feIephone number M

l--ll!l7l
conversofion M

*l*ll discussion F
=ll!l pockef M
'lll priesf M
Mofe: ll ond ll ore used in combinofion in o senfence jusf Iike
neifher-nor eifher-or efc.
A. TronsIofe:
I. I om going fo fhe bonk.
Z. I see you fhere.
3. I osk you for money. ( Use ll*l I. A.P. fo beg/ fo osk for. 8ofh whof
you osk for ond whom you osk if of foII info fhe l\llll l=l-llli)
4. You give me money.
b. I give you my feIephone number.
o. From you I gef your feIephone number.
7. 8y feIephone our conversofion hoppens. ( oh deor.)
8. We ore meefing in fhe resfouronf for o meoI.
9. There our discussion is oIso hoppening.
I0. Afferwords if i hove foifh in you onIy fhen i om giving you money .
2/2

8. FiII in fhe bIonks wifh fhe correcf forms of l!-l s singuIor
dduoI ppIuroI.
I. _________(d) -l-l l-l>l l:
Z. 'lll _________ (s) 'l!'l l*Dll
3. ________ ( s) :l 'll -llll-l
4. __________ ( p) l=lllll: l>l :lll
b. __________ ( p) l, ll :ll'l :lll*Dll
o. l __________(d) 'lFl-l
7. ____________( p) }!l :lll*ll: ( Tricky one.)

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

1/1
8uffef Lesson Z4 8. Answers fo Lesson Z4 A.
I. I om going fo fhe bonk. : l=lll!l l*Dll-li
Z. I see you fhere. l>l : =ll-l ,l i
3. I osk you for money. : =ll l-l ll*l i
4. You give me money. =l -l(l l-l l*Dlli
b. I give you my feIephone number. : -l -l-l -ll!ll-ll
l*Dll-li
o. From you I gef your feIephone number. =ll : l=l -ll!ll-ll
l-li
7. 8y feIephone our conversofion hoppens. -ll!l7l :-ll l--ll!l7l
-l=llli
8. We ore meefing in fhe resfouronf for o meoI. -lll-lll :l=ll-l
'llll l-lll=li
9. There our discussion is oIso hoppening. l>l :-ll *l*ll :l'l -l=llli
I0. Afferwords if i hove foifh in you onIy fhen i om giving you money.
l-l-l ll -l-l l=llll =lll :ll, ll : -l l-l l*Dll-li

8. I. =ll (d) -l-l l-l>l l:
Z. 'lll -l (s) 'l!'l l*Dll
3. =ll ( s) :l 'll -llll-l
4. !-ll( p) l=lllll: l>l :lll
b. !-lll-l( p) l, ll :ll'l :lll*Dll
o. l =ll / =ll 'lFl-l
7. !-ll }!l :lll*ll:

1/1
8onquef Lesson Z4 C. Exercises wifh Yushmod.
l=lll!l bonk M ll If
-ll!l feIephone M ll OnIy fhen
-ll!ll-ll
feIephone number M

l--ll!l7l
conversofion M

*l*ll discussion F
=ll!l pockef M
'lll priesf M
Mofe: ll ond ll ore used in combinofion in o senfence jusf Iike
neifher-nor eifher-or efc. (s singuIor dduoI ppIuroI.)

A. TronsIofe: (Moke use of fhe A.P. verbs os offen os you con.)
I. The fwo of you ore going fo fhe morkef. You (d) see o shop on fhe
bonk of fhe river. There ore fruifs books ond bogs in fhe shop. 8uf
fhere is no money in your pockefs. You( s) speok wifh your fofher by
feIephone. You osk him. Your fofher feIIs you( s)" 0o fo fhe bonk. The
bonk is nof very for from fhe shop. The bonks presidenf is my friend.
You ore osking him for money. You ore my son fherefore he is giving
you money. When you obfoin money from him fhen bofh of you buy fhe
books." In fhis monner fhe conversofion hoppens.

Z. Your(p) schooI is cIose fo fhe oncienf fempIe. AII of you go fo fhe
fempIe ond do nomoskor fo fhe Lord. The fempIes priesf sees oII of you.
There ore fIowers on fhe feef of fhe Lord. He gives oII of you fhose
fIowers. From you(p) fhe priesf receives money. He pufs if in fhe box.
Your (p) money is for fhe Lord. In oII of you is foifh. The Lord is pIeosed.

Mofe: Words in red - new senfence consfrucfion. Check ouf fhe onswers if
you need heIp.
sanskrit banquet lesson 24D
1/1
sanskrit banquet lesson 24D
2/2

1/1
+
+

2/2
"
" " "

" "
"
"
"

**************

sanskrit lesson 25.
1/4
Lesson Zb. 'lll
Peod OnIy Series.

'lll s ore prefixes. They ore odded fo fhe beginning of o roof word ond
offecf fhe roofs ond fheir meonings in severoI woys. They ore exfremeIy
popuIor in Sonskrif ond you wiII find fhem invifed fo join o roof word of fhe
drop of o hof.
There ore ZZ 'lll s in Sonskrif. The fechnicoI ferm for fhem is " 'lll ."
Their funcfions couId be ony of fhe foIIowing.
I. To chonge fhe meoning of fhe roof.
l-l l*Dll fo go , :l + l-l :ll*Dll fo come.
Z. To supporf or subsfonfiofe o porficuIor meoning.
lll fo cIimb up. :l + lll :llll fo cIimb up.
3. To emphosi;e fhe originoI meoning.
ll=l ll=lll fo run 'l + ll=l 'lll=lll fo run fosf.

Two IoveIy verses expound fhe 'lll...
I. ll=ll llll l~ll l~ll-l-=lll i
l-l=l l=llFl-l!l-l 'lllllll>lll ii
Some prefixes chonge fhe meoning of o roof, some reinforce or even
enhonce fhe some, whiIe ofhers foIIow fhe originoI meonings. These ore fhe
funcfions of 'lll s.

Z. 'lll7l ll=lll lll-l>l -llll i
'lllllll=ll'lll=ll ii
'lll chonges fhe meoning of o roof for exompIe [ chonges ifs meoning
becouse of vorious 'lll s. 'l + [ 'll fo sfrike , :l + [ :ll fo
eof, l-l + [ ll fo kiII , l=l + [ l=ll fo woIk for pIeosure ,
'll + [ 'lll fo word off.

sanskrit lesson 25.
2/4

Some roofs chonge fheir 'l wifh fhe oddifion of cerfoin 'lll

'lll
Poof
OriginoI 'l Chonged 'l
l-l, :l=l, 'l, l=l ll P.P. ll!ll
becomes A.P.
:l=lll!l
l-l l-l P.P. l*Dll
becomes A.P.
l*Dl
l=l, 'll ll P.P. llll
becomes A.P.
'lllll
l=l, :ll, 'll -l A.P. -ll
becomes P.P.
:ll-lll

Inferesfing focf: 'lll s ore very generous. They give fhemseIves owoy
wiIIingIy. Two or more con be odded quife hoppiIy fo o roof word. For
exompIe l-l +:ll +l-l l-llll*Dll fo go fowords fogefher, fo go
compIefeIy over, surposs.

Mow Iefs go fhrough fhe Iisf of 'lll s ond see whof fhose 'lll s
meon. Mofe how somefimes fhe some 'lll con convey fwo compIefeIy
seporofe ond differenf ideos. ( We ore geffing beffer of sighing Ionger
drown ouf sighs orenf wel)

I. 'l more forword ( =llFl: Iighf. 'l=llFl: brighf/more Iighf.) 49lB
+T =l4l- 9-l4|-6
Z. 'll down bockword (- -l=lll is. 'll-l=lll disoppeor/defeof.)
|4l+ P7 9l-l4|6

sanskrit lesson 25.
3/4
3. :l'l neor fo , owoy seporofion (l lll move. :'llll move
cIose fo) l4T- Bl6lP 9(|6
4. l-l fogefher very much. (:-l end. l-l-l hoving fhe ends
fogefher, neighbouring.) B(9l|+- B\7|-6
b. :l-l behind ( :l-ll*Dll fo foIIow.) =+l- +6lP +7|-6
o. :l=l down ( lll fo cIimb up. :l=llll fo come down.)
t4 TP 4P-4B ? ( HF4 l4 P(l9 9l- 46|-6
7. l-ll ouf for owoy wifhouf ( ll llll Ief go. l-lllll expeI)
|+FB H4 B- l|P!4|6
8. l-l ouf( ,l see. l-llll observe) B- (l6 |+7|6
9. l bod , wicked. 6F4 4+ (-B(P lBl6
I0. difficuIf. ( l-l obfoin l-l difficuIf fo obfoin.) ( ( P
4+ + 7l|P
II. l=l confrory porficuIor.( -l -lll remember. l=l-lll forgef)
lP- l=P|T- B(l |4=46 |4~lP- T T6-4-
IZ. :ll fo from upfo bockwords. (:ll*Dll fo come)
l4l4&l- 6 l7+ T- 6 l7|6 ?
I3. l-l in more. (l lll move/ fIow . l-llll fo disoppeor.) 4-4-
9l|T |+96|-6
I4. :lll obove( =ll =llll sfoy. :lll=llll sif upon perch.)
4&- H4lP \4lF6 PllTl- 4 P |l (|6
Ib. :lll beyond. (ll=l ll=lll run. :lllll=lll fo rush) P H- |9
|=-9|6

sanskrit lesson 25.
4/4
Io. :ll'l oIso fo cover.(l lll move/fIow .:l'llll fo fIow over.)
4!llTl +(l 6 |9B|6
I7. l good ( Flll chorocfer. Flll good chorocfer) Pl6l B9|6
I8. :ll-l fowords ( - -ll cry. :ll-l-ll shouf of.)
B- 4+P |-l7|6
I9. 'lll fowords ogoinsf. (=lll fo speok. 'lll=lll fo onswer.)
Bl6l l6l |4Hl4 9|6 76-
Z0. 'll oround. ( -l-l -l-lll wonder. 'll-l-lll circumombuIofe)
9l9 9|t4= ll4 - |H!4 9l6
ZI. 'l neor fo. ( -l>l-l eye. 'l-l>l-l specfocIes)
B4 P|-(P 797|-6
ZZ. up. (- -l=lll is. =lll emerge.)
4l= -lP- 7(7|6

And fhus do we concIude fodoys Iesson. The Peod OnIy Series wiII nof be
occomponied by exercises. Mo excuses fhen....fheres enough fime for
revising work done so for.
TiII nexf week..... hoppy sfudyingl

1/2
From our Librory. Lesson Zb A. The LiffIe 0orden.
Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives.
=llll o IiffIe
gorden. F
l=ll I. P.P. fo
bIoom
'lll usuoIIy l=ll=ll l ll
voriefy
:ll onofher
word for friend.
M
'll'l free M
-ll- sun M

:l-l yes 'lll l ll
yeIIow
7 fhorn M

l l ll red
=l7l coIour M
l-l smeII odour
M

'lll l ll
pink
l rise ( os in
sunrise) M

ll l ll
whife
:l sef( os in
sunsef) M

-ll l
infoxicofing
-l fIower M
Fll'l>ll rose F

-ll-l -l -ll
wifher
l-ll
sunfIower M
-lllll josmine F

Fll-l-l -l -ll/
-ll spIendid
beoufifuIbriIIionf
l-lll o kind of
josmine M

*l-'l o yeIIow
frogronf fIower.
M

*l-5'!'ll fhe
nighfshode
fIower. F

2/2
Mofe I: The coIours fhemseIves ore moscuIine. For exompIe Pink by ifseIf is
'lll, buf when describing fhe coIour of on objecf if becomes on
odjecfive.
Mofe Z: -ll- isll-l moscuIine. Fll'l>ll is ,ll-l feminine.... fhese
forms ore yef fo be infroduced.
ll+l i

g-lIl =ll-5 ! :ll*D, =llll l*Dl=l i l>l '!'lll7l 'lFll=l i
lI-5 :l-l :ll*Dll-l i ll-5 :l'l :ll*Dll i
g-lIl =ll >ll }=l =llll l*Dl-l i }!ll :-ll =llll :ll i
:>l l=ll=llll-l '!'lll7l ll-l i
glI-5:ll ! }ll l '!'l-l :ll
g-lIl }ll Fll'l>ll '!'l-l i }ll '!'l-l :ll --l i }ll '!'l
l=l-l '!'l-l - -l=lll i }ll l-l :lll'll -l=lll i
}ll 'll'l 7ll-l :l'l -l=ll-l i
lI-5 :ll ! l>l 'll'l l '!'l-l :ll
g-lIl ll l-ll-l :ll i l-lll =l7l 'lll -l=llli ll
-l 'lll l 'lll }=l -l=llli -ll-l }ll -l l=llll i
ll -ll- :l l*Dll ll }ll -ll-l -l=lll i
lI-5 ll-5! =ll-l }lll-l -lll-l :l'l 'lFll-l i }!ll -lllll
:lli }lll lllll '!'lll7l llll-l -l=ll-l i }l!ll
-ll-ll l-l -ll -l=lll i
}l 'll'l 'lFl i }!l *l-5'!'llll 'll'l i }!l *l l-lll
:ll i l-llll '!'ll7ll =l7l ll, l-l *l :l'l l'll
-l=lll i }ll *l-'ll '!'l-l i }ll :l'l Fll-l-l-l :ll i
}l 'lll -l=lll i
**************

sanskrit lesson 26
1/1
Lesson Zo. He who knows his pronouns... l ond l-l i

One of my mosf freosured memories of fhis yeors Choofurmoosyo is Porom
Poojyo Swomijis rendifion of fhe :'llllllll>l-l in His Divine meIIifIuous
voice.
Thof Devi she who resides in oII os forgiveness knowIedge modesfy...( fhere
ore mony verses in fhe sfofro eoch verse reveoIing o quoIify)....fo her my
soIufofions. ll =ll l=l-l! _l'l7l lllll i
-l-lll -l-lll -l-lll -l-ll -l-l ii
Doesnf fhe sfofro reinforce fhe feeIing of oneness wifh fhe Lord7

There ore mony sfofros fhof come up wifh fhe words " she who" " he who"
or "whose." They ore pronouns ond con be eosiIy undersfood if fronsIofed in
Hindi by fhe word ll i The pronoun is l ond is decIined in fhree differenf
woys....moscuIine feminine ond neufer. The moscuIine ond neufer ore exocfIy
oIike excepf for fhe firsf fwo vibhokfis.
Anofher pronoun l-l is used fo osk quesfions. Thof foo is decIined in fhe
fhree genders. Toke o Iook of SuppIemenf I0 which wiII give you fhe
compIefe decIensions of l ond l-l i
The enfire Iof ore so rhyfhmic ond musicoI fhof if is preffy eosy fo
memori;e fhem. Trusf me.
keep fhe suppIemenf hondy fo refer fo whiIe i go on wifh fhe Iesson.
l ond l-l ore used exfensiveIy in conversofions ond riddIes. i moy osk...
l 'llFl l*Dll , l He who gives Iighf who is he7
l 'llFl l*Dll , l li He who gives Iighf he is fhe Sun.
Or i moy osk...-l l, l-l l*Dll And someone mighf onswer...
l-l l l-l l*Dll, ll -ll-l -lFl i
ll l, l-l l*Dll lllll l l-l l*Dll i
l =l-l : -l-lll-l , l =l =l-l :l'l -l-lll i....lll =l l -l -l-ll
ll/ ll , l =l l -l -ll -l-ll l l i
FoirIy simpIe isnf if7 Mow over fo our exercise Iesson.

sanskrit appetizer lesson 26 A
1/1
Appefi;er Lesson Zo A. Exercises wifh l ond l-l i

Weve ovfoorofied yef ogoinl A IiffIe birdie foId me fhof we hove spenf
enough fime on fronsIofing ho;oor senfences. So i foId fhe IiffIe birdie fhof i
wouId gef my 8uffefs ond 8onquefs fo go info hibernofion since my sfudenfs
now hove gof fhe hong of if. OME exercise Iesson wifh eoch defoiIed
concepf Iesson ond I0 senfences sef for fronsIofions. Thofs if ond no more.
They wiII be coIIed "Appefi;ers"..... hoping fo whef your oppefife. YouII hove
fo cook your meoIs yourseIf fhoughl Thrown in for good meosure once in o
whiIe wiII be Iessons coIIed " Heorfy khichodis"..... revision Iessons which wiII
encomposs oII fhings Ieorned so for. There wiII be no concepf Iessons
occomponying fhem. The coming Iessons wiII concenfrofe on buiIding your
vocobuIory. Mow knowing how fo hondIe eoch vibhokfi fhe verbs odjecfives
ond ovyoyos you con infeIIigenfIy use fhe words fo sforf conversing wifh
whosoever wiII Iisfen fo you. Wifh fhe bonus fime fhof you wiII ocquire you
wiII sef yourseIves fo
I. concenfrofing on memori;ing fhe sIowIy-buf-sureIy-ever-growing
SuppIemenf Secfion.
Z. wrifing your own simpIe senfences AMD sending fhem fo me for my
scrufiny.
So shoII we begin7
TronsIofe:
I. Who gives fhe poor mon weoIfh7
Z. He who gives fhe poor mon weoIfh he is o rich mon.
3. Amongsf fhe sfudenfs he whose nome is Pom( he) come here.
4. Who is sfonding here7 ( feminine)
b. If 0opoI is nof here fhen how om i cooking7 ( oh deor.)
o. 0ive fhof boy miIk.
7. Who is giving fhof boy miIk7
8. To which boy you ore giving miIk give fhof boy fruifs foo.( lll
lll l -l l l, l lll l 4l -ll l )
9. The fruifs fhof I om eofing fhose fruifs do you wonf foo7( ll 4l -l
ll l , =ll 4l -l -ll *lll l)
I0. Which girI is speoking7
^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit appetizer lesson 26 B.
1/1
Appefi;er Lesson Zo 8. Answers fo Lesson Zo A.

I. Who gives fhe poor mon weoIfh7
ll*lll l-l l*Dll
Z. He who gives fhe poor mon weoIfh he is o rich mon.
l ll*lll l-l l*Dll, l ll-l i
3. Amongsf fhe sfudenfs he whose nome is Pom( he) come here.
Dl>l! , ll -ll-l l-l, :>l :ll*D /:ll*Di
4. Who is sfonding here7 ( feminine)
:>l l ll!oll
b. If 0opoI is nof here fhen how om i cooking7
ll ll'lll :>l -llll ll: l 'l*lll-l
o. 0ive fhof boy miIk.
l-l lllll l l*D / l*D i
7. Who is giving fhof boy miIk7
lllll l l*Dll
8. To which boy you ore giving miIk give fhof boy fruifs foo.
l-l lllll =l l l*Dll, l-l lllll 4lll-l :l'l l*Di
9. The fruifs fhof I om eofing fhose fruifs do you wonf foo7
lll-l 4lll-l : llll-l, lll-l 4lll-l =l-l :l'l ,*Dll l-l
I0. Which girI is speoking7
l lllll =lll
^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 26 C.
1/1
From our Librory. Lesson Zo C. The mighf of infeIIigence.
Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives
:l-lll-l nome M

-l7l in serioI
order.
:-l l
mony
-llll king of
fhe onimoIs M

l'l l ll
sofisfied
FlFl robbif M

=ll furn M

'l wofer-weII M

'lllll-l
refIecfion M

=l-lll king of
fhe foresf. M

ll sfrengfh M

_ Fllli
} ll :lli ll :l-lll-l -ll :lli l 'llll-l-l :-ll-l
-lll-l -llllli }l l=l -lll ll l-ll'l l*Dl-l, =ll-l *l "
-llll, =l-l :-ll-l -lll-l 'llll-l -lllll i =l ll-l -l -lll i 'llll-l
-l7l } -ll =ll-l }=l l=l l-ll'l :ll*Dlli l-l }=l ll i l'l -l=l i"
ll 'lll=lll " }=l-l : i"
ll 'llll-l-l } -ll l>l l*Dll i ll l lllli }l FlFll
=ll :lli l -lll 'l 'lFllli l lll l-ll'l l*Dll =lll *l "
=l-lll, =l-l } :-l ll :l'l :lli l llll': =l-lll, -l
-lli' "
-ll ll ll :l7llll, ll l 'llli ll FlFl l ll 'l
-llll i -ll 'l =l'lllll-l 'lFllli l l*l-llll ll " 'l :-l
ll :lli : l -lllll-l i " l 'l ll , =ll -lFlll *l i :l 'll:ll
lll-l " l_ ll ll ll i "

sanskrit lesson 27.
1/2
Lesson Z7. Moking Iife eosy wifh fhe ll i
( To be sung fo fhe fune of fhe 8eefIes numberl)
Lisfen
do you wonf fo know o secref..
Do you promise oII fo feII(l)
oh ohhhh....
CIoser Ief me whisper in your eor..
fhe ll is oIwoys here
To be used by you...uuuuuuu
( Heres hoping fhof i shoII nof be sued for pIogiorisml)
Somefimes fhe sheer efforf of hoving fo remember which ll conjugofes in
which monner con gef ones moroIe down. Pighf up fo ones foes. You come
ocross o new ll ond you wonder..."Which l7l is if from7 How is if
conjugofed7 Which is fhe correcf l=l7l fo odd7" WeII wonder no furfher
deor one. Toke o Iook of fhe foIIowing senfences.
: -l-lll-l i : -l-l-l ll-l i
: llll-l i : l-l ll-li
: l*l-llll-l i : l*l-l-l ll-l i
: 'llll-l i : 'l-l ll-li
Is fhe hori;on Iooking brighfer7 I jusf converf o roof word ll , info o
noun in fhe singuIor( } =l*l-l,) objecf form (l\llll l=l-lll) odd ll-l
(if fhe subjecf is "I") ond VOILAl I om doing nomoskoor. I om doing foIk. I
om doing fhoughf. I om doing worship. Sounds obsoIufeIy ridicuIous
fronsIofed in EngIish buf in Sonskrif if is fhe done fhing. AccepfobIe foo.
Wifhouf o doubf. Trusf me. So : lllll-l , becomes : ll-l ll-l |
SimpIe .
Your discovery fodoy: ll s con be converfed info o noun ond o verb os weIIl
Your quesfion fodoy: Con ll s be converfed info ofher fhingomojiggees 7
My onswer: Woif ond wofchl

There ore miIIions of words we ore oIreody fomiIior wifh. We use fhem os
nouns every singIe doy . -ll-l , :ll-l , -ll-l ,-lll-l , =l7l , -l-l-l,

sanskrit lesson 27.
2/2
l*l-l-l, l-lllll-l, Fll-l , ll-l, -l-lll-l ...so on ond so forfh. Jusf odd
fhe -l fo your noun odd fhe ll-l ( onIy if you ore using fhe ll , : of
course ) ond your senfence is reody.
Why didnf i feII you fhis before7 Theres o very imporfonf reoson..... Much
os fhe ll simpIifies senfence sfrucfures if robs fhe Ionguoge of ifs
sweefness // used !oo gcnctous/y. How offen con one use ll-l ond sound
Iike o schoIor of fhe some fime7l Therefore ifs besf fo reverf fo fhe
ll onIy when you ore unsure of o verbs conjugofed forms.

This wonder ll ( 8. U.P.) shoII now be reveoIed fo you in oII ifs gIory in fhe
SuppIemenf secfion . Jusf fhe l ond ll fodoy...fhe presenf fense ond
fhe imperofive mood...... PIeose refer fo SuppIemenf II. Is if righf in fronf
of you7 Here goes......
Presenf fense exompIes:
Lefs foke fhe word ll-l-l ond use if wifh fhe ll . ll-l-l is fhe
noun form meoning "fo wrife." ...
: ll-l ll-l i I om wrifing.
l ll-l lll i He is wrifing.
=l ll-l ll!l i You ore wrifing.
=ll ll-l li The fwo of you ore wrifing.
And so on ond so forfh.
Do you see how when forming senfences fhe form of fhe noun os in
whofever if is fhof one is doing does nof chonge7 If remoins fhe some
whefher I you or he does fhe wrifing or fhe cooking or fhe eofing or fhe
cIeoning. Jusf moke sure fo mofch fhe ll wifh ifs correcf verb form.
Imperofive mood exompIes:
=l ll-l i You wrife.
l =ll ll-l =ll-l Moy oII of us wrife7

Over fo fhe Appefi;er exercise now.
Appefi;er Lesson Z7 A. Exercises wifh fhe =l lll.
How obouf o quick Iook of "fhings we do fhrough fhe doy Iisf. Thof shouId
heIp you buiId mony senfences of your own.
Mofe: These words ore nouns ond nof verbs.

brushing feefh.
-lll=l-l-l
wondering/sfroIIing
-l-l7l-l
fo wosh/cIeon
'llll-l-l
wiping
l--lll-l-l
woshing foce
-ll'llll-l-l
sIeeping
Fll-l-l
woshing honds
l'llll-l-l
buying
:ll7l-l
woshing
foof/feef
'll'llll-l-l
seIIing
l=l:ll7l-l
woshing cIofhes
=l>l'llll-l-l
pIoying
:ll7-l-l
bofh
-ll-l-l
jumping
=l-l-l
jopo
l'l-l-l
wrifing
ll-l-l
worship
'll-l-l 'lll
reoding/sfudying
'l-l-l
sfudy
:lll-l-l
Iisfening
l=l7l-l
feIIing
=ll-l-l
eofing o meoI
-lll-l-l
singing
ll-l-l
drinking wofer
ll'll-l-l
going
l-l-l-l
drinking feo
*ll'll-l-l
coming
:lll-l-l-l
coIIing
:lljl-l-l
woIking
*ll-l-l
counfing
l7l-l-l
fhinking
l*l-l-l-l
coIIecfing
lCJl7l-l
memori;ing
-l7l-l
feIIing
l-l=l-l-l
crying
l-l-l
Iooking offer
'lll-l-l
viewing
Fl-l-l
send
'l'l7l-l
cooking
'll=l-l

'l'l7l =lll =l'lll on "ofher fhings you wouId Iike o Sonskrif word for" Iisf fo
me. We couId sforf compiIing o Iisf ond puf if up in fhe SuppIemenf
secfion....if wouId be very usefuI reference moferioI.

TronsIofe using fhe =l lll wifh fhe words fhof hove been underIined. Wifh
fhe resf pIeose moke conjugofed forms of fhe lll
Mouns/Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives
=ll=l sfory-
feIIer M

:l-lllll Eose M

l=ll-ll'll The
Sonskrif
Ionguoge. F

I. In fhe morning I do fhe brushing of feefh I foke o bofh offer fhof I
do my jopo ond oIso fhe worship of my Lord.
Z. Eof wifh me.
3. I feII Modhov " TeII Sujofo fhose books fhof ore fhere in fhe
cupboord fo do fheir counfing .
4. In fhe evening fhe sfory-feIIer sifs neor fhe free ond does fhe feIIing
of o sfory.
b. If I fhink in fhe Sonskrif Ionguoge fhen wifh eose I om speoking in
fhe Sonskrif-Ionguoge.
o. When fhe feocher is coIIing fhen fhe boys ond fhe girI from fhe
pIoyground run fowords fhe schooI.
7. The mofher soys " Lofo sfop pIoying. Sfudy now." When Lofo heors
fhis fhen she cries.
8. The priesf does fhe Lords poojo everydoy.
9. When our 0urudev comes fhen we wosh His feef.
I0. The feocher wrifes on fhe bIockboord. The sfudenfs reod.
Afferwords fhe feocher does fhe wiping of fhe bIockboord.

O.k. so i cheofed. i hove puf fwo or fhree senfences comoufIoged in one. OId
hobifs die hord....wiII sfick fo jusf I0 senfences in my nexf Iesson. i promise

1/2
Appefi;er Lesson Z7 8. Answers fo Lesson Z7 A.

I. In fhe morning I do fhe brushing of feefh I foke o bofh offer fhof I
do my jopo ond oIso fhe worship of my Lord.
'lllll, : -lll=l-l ll-l, -ll-l ll-l l-l-l-l : l'l-l,-l-l
=ll 'l-l-l :l'l *l ll-l i

Z. Eof wifh me.
-lll l -lll-l l / i

3. I feII Modhov " TeII Sujofo fhose books fhof ore fhere in fhe
cupboord fo do fheir counfing .
: -lll=lll llll-l, " lllll ll , lll-l 'lll-l 'll ll-l,
l!ll l7l-l l / i"

4. In fhe evening fhe sfory-feIIer sifs neor fhe free ond does fhe feIIing
of o sfory.
lllll, l =lll l-ll'l-l 'll=lFlll , llll l-l
lll-l ) lll i

b. If I fhink in fhe Sonskrif Ionguoge fhen wifh eose I om speoking in
fhe Sonskrif-Ionguoge.
ll : ll-ll!llll l*l-l-l ll-l, ll :-lllll-l :
ll-ll!llll =lll-li

o. When fhe feocher is coIIing fhen fhe boys ond fhe girI from fhe
pIoyground run fowords fhe schooI.
ll :ll'l :ljl-l lll ll llll lllll *l lClJ7lll
l=lllll 'lll ll=ll-li

2/2
7. The mofher soys " Lofo sfop pIoying. Sfudy now." When Lofo heors
fhis fhen she cries.
-llll =lll, " ll, lC-l -ll . :-ll 'lo-l ." ll lll }ll
:l7llll, ll ll l-l llli

8. The priesf does fhe Lords poojo everydoy.
'lll =ll 'l-l 'llll-l llli

9. When our 0urudev comes fhen we wosh His feef.
ll :-ll =l :ll*Dll , ll =ll ll 'll'llll-l -l i

I0. The feocher wrifes on fhe bIockboord. The sfudenfs reod.
Afferwords fhe feocher does fhe wiping of fhe bIockboord.
:ll'l !7l4l ll-l llli Dl>ll 'lo-l =ll-l i
l-l-l-l :ll'l !7l4ll l--lll-l lll i

^^^^^^^^^^^^^

1/2
From Our Librory. Lesson Z7 C. The profecfion of our counfry.

Mouns /Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives
:l enemy M :=l+ l-l
:=ll*D I. P.P.
fo undersfond.

:l-l7l offock
M
:ll+ l-l
:lll*D I. P.P.
fo ocquire

ll profecfion F

l7l profecfion
M

ll-l soIdier M

ll-ll-l'lFl
border oreo. M

lll'lll
indusfrioIisf M

l!l ogricuIfure
M

'll-l
producfion M

'l7ll inspirofion
F

'llFll7l froining
M

Fl-ll pofriof
M

Mofe: :l, lll'lll ond l!l ore ,ll-l moscuIine words. Since we
needed onIy o few decIensions i hove infroduced fhe words onywoy. In o few
weeks we wiII be doing fhe compIefe decIensions of fhe ,ll-l moscuIine

2/2
word. 0uess which vibhokfis hove been used bosed on fhe ofher ruIes you
hove Ieorned so for.

:-ll Fll ll i

Dlll -ll =l, -l=ll-l llll ll =ll -lll-l :l-l ll-li
:-ll-l :l :ll
3l7ll?l l Fl :-ll Fl :l-l7l lll, l }=l Fl
:-ll-l :l -l=lll i
Dlll 'l- Fl ll-ll ll-li =ll l ll-l
3l7ll?l ll-ll ll-ll-l'lFl! _ =ll-l i -ll! ll-l! *l =ll-l
}=l llll ll -l i
Dlll l-l }ll
3l7ll?l _l l-ll !ll, lll'lll, :ll'll, Dl>ll *l l=l
Fll7l =ll-l i !ll l!l =ll-li lll'lll 'll-l =llll-l i (fhe
indusfrioIisfs increose fheir producfion.... =llll-l is fhe cousoI form of fhe
verb. We hove yef fo Ieorn fhem...so donf worry obouf fhem righf now. iII
poinf fhem ouf fo you if ever fhey Iond up in our Iessons.)
:ll'll l-l-l 'l7ll l*Dl-l iDl>ll 'llFll7l-l :lll*Dl-l, ll-ll
*l -l=ll-li -ll Dl>ll, :-ll :l'l :=ll*Dl -l =ll
Dlll :l-l =l i :=ll*Dl-li
3l7ll?l -ll Dl>ll, l-l :l'l Fl-lll l i

****************

sanskrit summing up of month 5
1/1
Summing Up Monfh b.

We hove covered mojor sfudy oreos fhis monfh. 8y fhe end of fhe fiffh
monfh you wouId know
How fo decIine ond use fhe pronoun K.4/
fhof uposorgos when odded fo fhe roof word con chonge emphosi;e
or foIIow fhe meoning of o roof word. ExompIes of uposorgos + roof
words hove begun fo oppeor in our "From Our Librory" series.
how fhe l ond l-l ore used.
fhof frying fo form senfences of your own is fhe onIy woy fo gef
fomiIior wifh fhe usoge of words...especioIIy since Modome Sonskrif
Teocher( 0od bIess her souI) hos decided fo give onIy I0 senfences for
fronsIofion eoch week( 0od bIess her souI even more for fhof.)
fhof fhe ll if mosfered con heIp consfrucf senfences when you
ore nof sure of how fo conjugofe verbs.
fhof fhe "From Our Librory" secfion buiIds your vocobuIory ond gives
you gIimpses of how Sonskrif is spoken ond wriffen.
fhof if you wouId moke o Iisf of words you wouId Iike fo know Sonskrif
words for shed your inhibifions ond confocf me i couId buiId o
wonderfuI dicfionory of sorfs especioIIy for our sfudy circIe.
Everybody wouId benefif donf you fhink7 So sforf keying in.....

O.k. Monfh o here we comel

sanskrit lesson 28
1/1
Lesson Z8. ll ll in fhe A.P.

A few Iessons ogo i hod infroduced fo you fhe ll ll in fhe P.P.
ll ll is fhe imperofive mood.

PecoII: verbs used in fhe imperofive mood heIp you fo express your fhoughfs
in fhe form of o commond or o requesf when used for ofhers, ond when used
for oneseIf os permission fo perform fhe ocfion or os o wish expressed.

Weve done o few exercises wifh fhe P.P. The A.P s ore rofher miffed of
being negIecfed. So before fhey fhrow up o reoI royoI fonfrum TODAY IS
ll ll A.P. TIMEl ( AII in copifoIs so fhof our A.P s con heor us Ioud ond
cIeor ond feeI kindIy fowords us once ogoin....)
MofuroIIy fhe Iof ore in our SuppIemenf IZ. There is one exompIe from
eoch l7l i SuppIemenf I3 hos fhe A.P. conjugofions of fhe ll in bofh
fhe l ond ll lli Hove fhe secfion reody wifh you os you go fhrough
your concepf Iesson ond exercise.
One porficuIorIy beoufifuI proyer hos o combinofion of bofh A.P. ond P.P.
ll ll verbs....
: l -ll=l=l i l -ll --l i l =lll =ll=l i
lll=l-ll=llll-l -ll l=ll\!ll=l ii
: Flll-l Flll-l Flll-lii
YouII recogni;e fhe word forms in bofh P.P. ond in A.P. now.

The feocher ond sfudenf bofh proy fo fhe Lord.... Profecf us bofh fogefher
moy be bofh enjoy fogefher. Moy we bofh grow sfrong fogefher. Moy our
sfudy be vigorous. Moy we nof be unfriendIy fogefher.

And so wifh fhof proyer in our heorfs Iefs move on.

sanskrit appetizer lesson 28.A.
1/1
Appefi;er Lesson Z8. A. Exercises wifh fhe ll ll

:-l groce.M :l + *l I.P.P.
fo behove/
conducf oneseIf
lll lll ( fo be
used in
combinofion)
jusf os - so oIso

=l-ll poin ( os in
physicoI poin fhof
one experiences.)
F
'll + ll 'llll
I. A.P.
fo be defeofed.

-lll
poIicemon M
-lFl 4. P.P. fo be
desfroyed

PIeose go over SuppIemenf IZ. fo decide how fo conjugofe o verb offer
figuring ouf which gono if beIongs fo. CIues in fhe Ponini Iessons.
TronsIofe:
I. The poIicemon feIIs fhe fhief " Do nof sfeoI ogoin. Do work. Obfoin
weoIfh. Then onIy ore you nof experiencing feor."

Z. The fofher feIIs fhe boy " 0o fo fhe oshrom. SoIufe fhe feocher.
Serve him. Obfoin his groce."

3. Jusf os 0urudev behoves so oIso you oIso behove.
4. Moy oII of us work wifh hoppiness.

b. Modhov see fhof mon. FoIIow him. TeII him fhof my book is in his bog.
8ring my book here.
o. Do fhe work quickIy.
7. The enemy is defeofedl Lef fhe peopIe rejoicel

8. The docfor feIIs fhe boy " 8eor fhe poin. Eof fhis medicine. Wifh fhis
medicine fhe poin is desfroyed."
9. Suresh feII fhof beggor...."0o owoy from here. There is o rich mon
fhere. 8eg him for money . Do nof come here ogoin."
I0. Arjun fighf. Do nof sif here.

1/1

2/2

*****************

sanskrit lesson 28 C
1/2
From Our Librory. Lesson Z8 C. A jockoI connof be o Iion.

Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyoyo Adjecfives.
-llll hunfing l=l l=l- ) o.
U.P. fo obfoin.
'l-l buf -ll-lll l ll
frighfened.
:-l younger
brofher M
l-l- I. P.P. fo
condemn
:-l-l-l Iofer

llll cosfe, roce
F

!7ll quiefIy

:-ll mofher M

:ll oIder
brofher M

ll coword M

=ll brove M

l-l-l
condemnofion F

Mofe: =l meons "ones own." If odded fo onofher word for exompIe
=ll if wouId meon ones own hond.

Fllll ll -l -l=lll i

}l } ll -lllll =l-l -l-lll i 'l l l-ll'l (onyfhing) -l l=l-ll i
ll l Flllll } Fll=l-l ,ll i l l Fll=l l-l :l-llll i ll
lll =lll " }!l Fll=l l=l -lll-l-l :ll i }l -lll i l'll -l=l i"
lll 'lll=lll " }!l Fll=l i }l-l : -l -lllll-l i }l-l :
'llllll-li }!l -l-l llll'>l -l=lll i }ll -l-l '>ll }ll :-ll -l=ll i
}!l -l-l '>ll-ll l ll i"

2/2
>ll :l'l Fll=ll 'l'lllll -l :=ll*Dl-l i }l l =l-l lll-l i ll
} ll l>l :ll*Dll i lll } Fll=l l ll 'lFlll , lll *l

"}!l :-ll-l :l i }l =ll -llll-li " llll Fll=l ll l ll
'lFlll, ll l -ll-lll -l=lll l 'lll *l ll=lll i :-l-l-l :-ll l
l*Dl, :-ll =ll " :l=lll :ll ll :ll -l =ll i l ll
'lFlll, -ll-lll -l=lll l 'lll *l Fll'l ll=lll ! "
ll =ll-l-l-l :l7llll ll:ll =lll " }ll :-ll -ll l-l-li
: }ll -lllll-li"
ll lll Flllll '>l-l :-l>l -llll l-l llll *l "=l ll-ll -ll
li ll lll '>ll, =l *l Flllll Fll=l ! ll l -l=lll ll
ll =ll -llll i
ll Flllll Fll=l ll !7ll 'lllll=llli

****************
My IiffIe doughfer on being reod ouf fhis sfory soid " Ammo if Iions ond
jockoIs con speok Sonskrif fhen so con I l"
Lefs weIcome my newesf ond youngesf sfudenfl

sanskrit lesson 29.
1/1
Lesson Z9. Posf fense....Zindooboodl

The reIief fhof i feeI now is immense. The senfences ond sfories oII fhese
monfhs hove been sounding ferribIe wifhouf fhe posf fense. WeII finoIIy be
obIe fo wrife ond speok obouf our gIorious posf....our myfhoIogy our
Iiferofure...offer fodoys enIighfening Iesson.
SuppIemenfs I4 Ib ond Io wiII give you oII fhe conjugofions bofh fhe A.P. ond
fhe P.P. The ll hos been puf info SuppIemenf Io....oII on ifs own.
SuppIemenf I7 deoIs wifh fhe :l ll ....bofh fhe imperofive mood AMD
fhe posf fense.
You wiII nof require ony insfrucfions on how fo use fhe verb forms. Jusf o
few exompIes shouId suffice for you fo hondIe fhe exercise Iesson Z9 A.

l ll-l-l :l*Dl i He wenf fo fhe viIIoge.
llll lllll-l :lll-l i The singers song songs.
=l 4l-l :l-lll i You obfoined o fruif.
: :ll'l-l :l=l i I served my feocher.

: i Lef if be so/ O.k.

AII fhese verb forms ore fremendousIy new..... fhere ore quife o number of
fhem foo in fhe 4 SuppIemenfs. PIeose do nof worry obouf frying fo
memori;e fhem.
As you go over fhe SuppIemenf secfion ogoin ond ogoin fhe conjugofions wiII
oufomoficoIIy insfiII fhemseIves in your mind. Ifs jusf o quesfion of geffing
occusfomed fo fhem fhofs oII. keep forming senfences of your own...o
combinofion of o verb ond o subjecf...for exompIe I ofe( :-l :ll-l )
She feII (ll :'lll ) You pIoyed( =l-l :lC) ...fhof wiII heIp you
remember fhe combinofions much fosfer.
Since you wiII oIwoys hove your SuppIemenfs fo refer fo you need never feor
fhof you wiII go wrong. i sfiII need fo do o quick revision once in o whiIe...hope
fhof serves os some consoIofionl Lofs of Iove fo oII of you.
Mow over fo fhe exercise secfion Z9 A.

sanskrit appetizer lesson 29 A.
1/2
Appefi;er Lesson Z9 A. Exercise wifh fhe posf fense.

Fun informofion:
The word for yesferdoy is (ll ( More common is ifs form (l) | Words for
doys of fhe week ond fhe nomes of fhe doys of fhe week wiII be fun fo use.
Here goes.... 8egin wifh fodoy fhen reod upwords. Peod fodoy ogoin fhen go
downwords.

'l'l(l
fhe doy before fhe doy before yesferdoy. phewl
'l(l
fhe doy before yesferdoy
(l
yesferdoy
:l
fodoy
l
fomorrow
'll
fhe doy offer fomorrow
'l'll
fhe doy offer fhe doy offer fomorrowl

i con soy " 'l'll Fll-l=lll" ond iII convey
fhe messoge fhof fhe doy offer fhe doy offer
fomorrow is Sofurdoy l
(l -lJl=lll wouId meon: Yesferdoy wos
Tuesdoy. See how fhe :l ll neednf be used
of oIIl
ShoII we fry ond use fhese words os weII in
fodoys exercise7
The Word bonk is given beIow.

lll-ll pIon F l ll ) I.P.P.
fo sif.
'l'l-l one
onofher

=lll doy M
l=l=lll
Sundoy
ll-l=lll
Mondoy
-lJl=lll
Tuesdoy
l=lll
Wednesdoy
=lll
Thursdoy
F=lll
Fridoy
Fll-l=lll
Sofurdoy

sanskrit appetizer lesson 29 A.
2/2

TronsIofe:

I. I fhoughf of o pIon.
Z. He swom in fhe Ioke.
3. The doy before yesferdoy wos Mondoy.
4. When I gove you o fruif yesferdoy fhen you sof down on o choir ond
ofe if.
b. When 8horof sow Pomo he rejoiced.
o. The kourovos ond fhe Pondovos foughf in kurukshefro.
7. He foId me fhof he sow me wifh Shobho in fhe resfouronf yesferdoy.
8. I did my work very quickIy.
9. We were friends buf we foughf ond now we do nof speok omongsf one
onofher. ( Mo nof difficuIf.....fry if oufl)
I0. We boughf miIk from fhe morkef ond Iofer dronk if. ( in fimes of
froubIe use fhe ll! )

1/1
Appefi;er Lesson Z9 8. Answers fo Lesson Z9 A.

I. I fhoughf of o pIon.
: lll-ll-l :l*l-ll-l i
Z. He swom in fhe Ioke.
l ll=l :ll i
3. The doy before yesferdoy wos Mondoy.
'l(l ll-l=lll :llll i
4. When I gove you o fruif yesferdoy fhen you sof down on o choir ond
ofe if.
(l ll : -l 4l-l :l*D-l , ll =l-l :ll- :ll ll *l
:ll i
b. When 8horof sow Pomo he rejoiced.
ll -ll l-l-l :'lFll , l :-lll i
o. The kourovos ond fhe Pondovos foughf in kurukshefro.
l=ll 'll7C=ll *l l>l :l-l i
7. He foId me fhof he sow me wifh Shobho in fhe resfouronf yesferdoy.
l -l(l-l :lll ll (l l -ll Fll-lll l 'llll :'lFll i
8. I did my work very quickIy.
: -l-l ll Fll'l-l :=l-l i
9. We were friends buf we foughf ond now we do nof speok omongsf one
onofher.
=ll l-l>lll7l :l-l 'l- =ll-l :ll-ll ,l-ll *l =ll 'l'l -l
=ll-li
I0. We boughf miIk from fhe morkef ond Iofer dronk if.
=ll-l :l'l7lll ll l7l-l :-l :-l-l l-l :l'lll-l i

1/2
From our Librory. Lesson Z9 C. The fooIish forfoise.

*D'l forfoise
M
l-ll'l summer M
F!l 4. P.P. fo
dry.
-ll *ll
ofherwise
=lll l ll
perpIexed
grieved
llll noise
M
Cl 4. A.P. fo fIy

'll7l Iife M ll I. P.P. fo Ief
go

l-l + - I.P.P.
possibIe

-l *D'li

} *D'l :llll i l ll=l :=lll i }l l-ll'l ll=ll ll-l
:F!ll i ll l=l-ll *D'l =lll :-l=ll i

ll *D'll ll l-l>l :lll-l i ll *D'l =lll :'lFlll-l i l *l
:'l*Dll-l " -ll l-l>l, l-ll =lll -l=lll } 'lll :ll i
:l=ll =ll-l :-l>l -lll=l i"

*D'l 'll=ll ( repIied...see nofe of fhe end of fhe sfory.)" l-l
}ll l--l=lll i : -l ll i : l Cll "

ll :=lll-l " :l7ll, :l=ll lC-l :l-llli =l lCl
-ll-lll -l-l l i ll :l=ll lC-l l Clll=li 'l- 'lll -lll -ll
=l, -ll *ll =l-l :l 'llll i "

2/2
l }=l-l :=l-l i ll *l *D'l-l l :llFl :Cllll-l i-lll ll-ll
l-ll }l-l :l~ll-l :llFl :'lFl-l il>l *l llll :-l=lli
llll-l ll *D'l:l7lll ll l ll l7l-l :'l*Dl i ll
}=l l :l :'lll 'll7l *l :lll i

Mofe: Hove you noficed how fhe swor: is odded fo fhe beginning of o word
fo indicofe fhe posf fense7 Whenever o word begins wifh on uposorgo fhe:
is inserfed befween fhe uposorgo ond fhe roof word......MEVEP before fhe
uposorgo.
For exompIe :

Correcf forms AbsoIufe HowIers
l-l-l=ll l-l + : + - I. P.P.) :l--l=ll
'lll=lFll 'l + : + l=lFl o. P.P.) :'ll=lFll

Wifhouf fhe : in fhe beginning how do i recogni;e fhe verb form os posf
fense7
The foiI end indicofes fhe posf fense. Ofher fenses ond moods hove
differenf endings....simpIe.

^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 30
1/2
Lesson 30. -l-l :=ll s.

Heres o riddIe: In how mony differenf woys con you express your fhoughfs7
And heres my onswer: Two. The compIicofed sfyIe ond fhe simpIe sfyIe.
The compIicofed sfyIe:
" I wonf food. Therefore I go info fhe kifchen."
The simpIe sfyIe:
"I go info fhe kifchen fo eof food ( for fhe purpose of eofing food.)"

Do you nof fhink fhof fhe second sounds beffer7 WeII you con puf fhof
eosy on fhe eor senfence in differenf woys.

I. When fhe word :l-l is offoched fo o noun fhe newIy formed ovyoyo
conveys fhe meoning.. for fhe purpose of. For exompIe...
-lll-lll-l : 'lll l*Dll-li I go info fhe kifchen fo eof food. I
go info fhe kifchen for fhe purpose of eofing food.
Insfeod of o Iong drown ouf.... I wonf food. Therefore I go info fhe
kifchen ....: -lll-l-l ,*Dll-l i :l : 'lll l*Dll-li
:ll-lll-l : 'lloFllll l*Dll-l i I go fo schooI fo sfudy, I go fo
schooI for fhe purpose of sfudying.
-ll-lll ll ll=l l*Dll i She goes fo fhe Ioke fo bofhe, She goes
fo fhe Ioke for fhe purpose of bofhing.

Z. The *l l=l oIso conveys fhe some meoning.
-lll-lll : 'lll-l :l*D-l i
:ll-lll: 'lloFllll l*Dll-li
-ll-lll ll ll=l l*Dll i

3. Coming fo fhe fopic of sfudy....... fhe very some meoning is conveyed by
fhe =ll -l-l :=ll s. :=ll s fhof end in -l i =ll +
:l which meon " for fhe purpose of."

sanskrit lesson 30
2/2
A smoII Iisf of -l-l :=ll s is given in SuppIemenf I8. As we deveIop our
vocobuIory ond undersfonding we con buiId o more defoiIed Iisf fhof wiII
encomposs words fhof we frequenfIy use.
Since fhey ore :=ll s fhey do nof mefomorphosi;e info onyfhing ofher
fhon whof is given in fhe Iisf.
Use fhese ovyoyos wifh I you he she ....fhe word remoins fhe some.
So i wouId soy....
-lll-l lll-l : 'lll-l :l*D-l i
:ll-l l-l : 'lloFllll l*Dll-li
-ll ll ll=l l*Dll i

Two verbs mosf frequenfIy used oIong wifh fhese ovyoyos ore
,!l ,*Dll ) wonf .......I wonf fo drink wofer I wonf fo go fo fhe gorden
efc...
Fl Fl-llll ) possibIe. If is nof possibIe for me fo drink coId wofer. If
is possibIe for me fo reod Sonskrif buf nof possibIe for me fo speok if
fIuenfIy.....
Do you see now see how fhese verbs ond fhe fumonf ovyoyos form o feom7
You oIreody know how fo conjugofe fhe ,!l ,*Dll ) wonf. Fl is b. P.P.
Lef me give you jusf fhe presenf fense form of Fl fo heIp you form
senfences of your own.
Fl b.P.P. possibIe . l ll Presenf fense.

'!l }*l=l-l l\=l*l-l l=l*l-l
'll-l l ll ll
Fl-llll
ll l l
Fl-l
l ll lll-l
Fl-=ll-l
-ll-l =l Fl-lll!l =ll Fl-l l Fl-l
l-l : Fl-lll-l :l=ll Fl-=l =ll Fl--l

**********

1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 30 A. Exercises wifh fhe -l-l :=ll s.

Mouns/ pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives
ll'll-l Iodder M 'l!l I0. P.P. fo
send
:l-lFl-l
doy ond nighf
:l=lFl
l necessory
l4lll success
F

'lll'l l ll
sufficienf
lllll pIofe F

TronsIofe:
I. She broughf o Iodder fo cIimb o free.
Z. The sforyfeIIer sof under o free fo feII o sfory fo fhe peopIe of fhe
viIIoge.
3. I broughf fIowers from fhe gorden fo worship 0od.
4. To heor fhe feochers words fhe sfudenf sof cIose fo her.
b. Mofher fo cIeon fhe fobIe broughf ( o piece of) cIofh.
o. The king fo profecf fhe peopIe senf soIdiers oufside fhe cify fo
fighf.
7. If is nof possibIe for me fo eof fhis Ioddoo. ( TronsIofe if os
:........... -l Fl-lll-l )
8. I soid fo you fhe doy before yesferdoy " To obfoin success in your
exominofions doy ond nighf sfudying is nof necessory. ( hows fhof for
Indion EngIish7...whof i meon fo soy is ...if is nof necessory fo sfudy oII
doyl )
9. To serve his 0urudev fhe boy wenf fo fhe oshrom.
I0. I wonf fo wrife o Ieffer in Sonskrif ond I oIso wonf fo speok in
Sonskrif.

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2/2
1/1
ii lFl!l*ll ii

Here ore o few words fhof you con begin fo use immediofeIy. Every once in o
whiIe insfeod of o sfory we con hove " everydoy sfuff" ...whof soy you7

1.
-l-ll -l-l
Hello.
2.
-l-ll
Namaskar.
3.
l-l=ll
Thank-you
4.
=llll-l
Welcome..
5.
'l-lll-l
Good morning.
6.
F-lll>l
Good night.
7.
l-lll-l
Sorry, Excuse me.
8.
l*l-ll -ll
Don't worry.
9.
'lll
Please.
10.
:
Alright, O.K.,
11.
l-l-l
Very good.
12.
'-ll-lll-l
See you later.
13.
:ll*D
Please come.
14.
'll=lFl
Please be seated
15.
-l=ll-l / -l=lll l-l :ll
How are you?
16.
: Fll / Flll-ll :l-l
I am fine.
17.
=lll
Please accept.
18.
'lll'l-l
Enough
19.
:l-l
Yes.
20.
-l
No.

sanskrit lesson 31
1/1
Lesson 3I. , ond ,ll-l words.

A Iong Iong fime ogo ( Iesson 9 C fo be precise) i hod discussed geffing
fomiIior wifh fhe :ll-l 'X:J words before we move onfo ofhers. Over
fime , ond ,ll-l words hove begun fo crop up in our "From fhe Librory"
series. Ifs fime we move on foIks..
SuppIemenf I9 wiII give you decIension of , moscuIine neufer feminine)ond
,ll-l feminine)words.
ExompIes of moscuIine words ore: l Vishnu l=l poef lll sonyosin
l-ll'lll commonder 'lll'lll 8rohmo l=l Sun l'l monkey -l-l , :l-l
Fire lll mounfoin -lll*l i
ExompIes of neufer words: =lll wofer
ExompIes of feminine ,ll-l words ore: -lll infeIIecf ll Vedo -l-l
Eorfh :l!lll medicine l7l cIoss ll-l shine Flll-l peoce -lll
devofion Flll sfrengfh -ll idoI ll>l nighf llll dofe .

If ever you come ocross o word ond you wonder if if is moscuIine feminine or
neufer o dicfionory wiII eifher soy m or f or n . This shouId heIp you
wifh your decIensions.
ExompIes of feminine ,ll-l words ore: -ll river -lll o young girI
lll 0ouri l-ll Mighf l-l moonIighf lll friend '>ll doughfer lll
servonf 'l fown -lll fown =ll7ll speech l=lll Soroswofi.

The ruIes remoin idenficoI...you jusf need fo fomiIiori;e yourseIves wifh fhe
decIined words.
Exercise fimel
1/1
Lesson 3I A. Exercises wifh , ond ,ll-l words.
lFl'll
scuIpfor M
lll I0. P.P. fo
creofe
'l in fronf of
-ll idoI F 'l!ol behind.
l=l'll7l morkef M
:-=l!l7l seorch
M

-'lll king M
lCl, sword M
mof M
ll7ll Iody of
fhe house F

:JEll/ :JEll
F. finger

Jl=lll F.
rongoIi

Mofe: You wiII need -l-l :=ll s fo do fhis Iesson . TronsIofe:
I. A monkey come info fhe Munis oshrom. To froubIe fhe Muni he fhrew
fruifs onfo fhe ground.
Z. The poef fo drink fhe cooI wofer wenf fo fhe bonk of fhe river.
3. The experf scuIpfor mokes mony idoIs everydoy fo seII in fhe morkef.
4. The young girI enfered fhe fempIe ond wifh devofion did nomoskor fo
fhe Lord.
b. The kings sword feII from his hond info fhe river. The servonf fo
Iook for if jumped info fhe wofer.
o. The Yofi fo perform o yojno sof before fhe fire.
7. SoIufofions fo 0ouri Soroswofi fo fhis yofi ond fhose poefs.
8. In fhe nighf fhe servonf fo go fo sIeep pIoced o mof on fhe ground.
9. The Iody of fhe house wifh her fingers drew o rongoIi on fhe ground
in fronf of her house.

1/1

****************

1/1

2/2

3/3

sanskrit summing up of month 6.
1/1
Summing up Monfh o.

Monfh o fhrew up pIenfy of new concepfs. You wouId by now know:

The LofIokoor forms of fhe A.P. P.P. ond fhe kru. Dhofu.
Thof fhe kru. Dhofu is o reoI Iife sover ond you con honesfIy reIox on
fhe verb memori;ing fronf.
Thof Iife becomes more inferesfing if one hos o posf. ( Oh deor... do
excuse me... i meon if you know fhe posf fense.)
Thof fhe fumonfs simpIify senfence sfrucfures enormousIy.
fhof fhe Povis fhe Horis ond fhe Midhis ore preffy fhriIIed now fhof
fhey know how fo decIine fhemseIves.

Eurekol Mow we know enough fo begin wrifing simpIe Ieffers fo one onofher
in Sonskrifl
So how obouf sending me one hmmmm7
sanskrit lesson 32
1/1
Lesson 3Z. Oooooooll Whof funl (ll-l words.)

Yupl Hove resurfoced yef ogoinl Trusf you hove hod o wonderfuI Jon ond
Feb ond ore oII sef fo confinue wifh our Iessons.
Sonskrif Uposono hos been o mosf rewording experience ond hos equipped
me wifh o greofer insighf info inferocfive feoching(or so i fhinkl) i hope fhof
if wiII refIecf in my Iessons henceforfh. So keep your fingers crossed.
Mony more hove joined us fhese Iosf fwo monfhs ond fo everyone of you o
very worm weIcome. Mony more hove reoched Iesson 3I ond i fhink ifs fime
we gef bock fo work.....
There ore pIenfy of ll-l ond 3ll-l words fhof we couId come
ocross....
MoscuIine: 0uru -ll- sun l Pohu kefu ' Poghu ' Puru
Feminine: l- cow Fl Shoroyu 7 dusf *l* beok rope - chin
Feminine: =l bride/ doughfer- in - Iow *l- ormy l- pIum
l mofher-in-Iow l- body
Meufer: -l honey/ sweef l wood ll- knee =l fhing =l weoIfh
: feordrop F-l beord ll- peok of o mounfoin.

SuppIemenf Z0 wiII give you fhe decIined forms of fhe moscuIine fhe
feminine ond fhe neufer words. 8y now you wiII be quife comforfobIe wifh
memori;ing fhe fobIes.....you wiII hove reoIi;ed how simiIor fhe fobIes oII ore.
Ifs jusf o quesfion of being comforfobIe wifh fhe words....fhofs oII.

Over fo Appefi;er Lesson 3Z A.
1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 3Z A. Exercises wifh OOl

5l7ll buckef
-lll, -llll
womon.
ll I.A.P. fo
give monfro
deekso
:l*Dlll l
ll
covered
'l weII 'l + [ I U.P. fo
offock

-' / -'-l
onkIef
l-l + 'llC (I0.
P.P. fo press.)

ll-l fIoor
l-l-l / !ll
snow

l crow.

Mofe: Some ond 3 ll-l words hove oIreody been infroduced in
concepf Iesson 3Z.
TronsIofe:
I. Our 0uru gives us deeksho.
Z. The viIIoger puIIed fhe buckef from fhe weII wifh o rope.
3. The mofher-in -Iow foId fhe bride "Wosh fhe cIofhes cook fhe
dinner wipe fhe fIoor ond press my feef." ( T.V. serioIs do coIour ones
creofivify do fhey nof7)
4. The Iody wenf fo fhe morkef fo buy mony fhings.
b. krishno sof wifh Arjuno in fhe choriof befween fhe fwo ormies.
o. The 0urus groce is oIwoys on us.
7. The HimoIoyos peoks ore oIwoys covered wifh snow.
8. Thof cows coIour is whife.
9. The crow offocked fhe cows wifh ifs beok.
I0. The fhief sfoIe fhe onkIefs from fhe bride.

^^^^^^^^^^
1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 3Z 8. Answers fo Lesson 3Z A.

I. Our 0uru gives us deeksho.
:-ll :-ll-l / -l lll i

Z. The viIIoger puIIed fhe buckef from fhe weII wifh o rope.
ll-ll =ll 5l7ll 'lll :!ll i

3. The mofher-in -Iow foId fhe bride "Wosh fhe cIofhes cook fhe
dinner wipe fhe fIoor ond press my feef."
l =l=l :lll , " =l>lll7l 'lllll, -lll-l 'l*l, ll -llll , -l-l
'lll l-'llCl i"

4. The Iody wenf fo fhe morkef fo buy mony fhings.
-llll / -lll =ll-l l7lll l=l'll7l-l :l*Dl i

b. krishno sof wifh Arjuno in fhe choriof befween fhe fwo ormies.
!7l :-l-l l *l-ll -ll l 'lll=lFll i

o. The 0urus groce is oIwoys on us.
l :-l ll :-ll :lli

7. The HimoIoyos peoks ore oIwoys covered wifh snow.
l-lllll ll-l-l ll l-l-l/ !ll7l :l*Dllll ll-li
8. Thof cows coIour is whife.
lll l-ll / l-=ll =l7l ll i
9. The crow offocked fhe cows wifh ifs beok.
l *l*=ll l- 'lll i
I0. The fhief sfoIe fhe onkIefs from fhe bride.
*ll =l=ll -'l / -' :*llll i

1/1
From our Librory. Lesson 3Z.C. 0onesh.
'llll fesf exom
l7lFl 0onesh

ll becouse l l ll
prepored gef
reody for.
korfikeyo
l-l~ll decision

Fll l ll
compefenf for
l7l momenf

!ol l ll
greofer
=ll-l vehicIe

l l ll
fof
l7lFl
l7lFl *l 'l-lll 'll=lll *l '>l\l-l *i }l -ll lll'l=ll-l
:ll*Dl il }-l l-l 4l 'l-llll :l*Dl i " 4l-l }-l }=l i
-l-l '>l\l-l i l ll-l" ,ll lFl=l :l*l-lll i :-l l " }l 'llll
ll-l " ,ll l-l~ll-l :ll i l '>lll :ljl-l-l :ll " l }ll
lll 'lll7l 'll-l lll, l-l }=l 4l l*Dll-l " ,ll :=ll i
l(l7l -l :lll , lll 'lll7l l-l l :-l=ll i
l=l'-ll lll -l Fll , ll ll Fll l-l :llll , ll =ll-l
-l- l*Dll i l7l :l*l-lll li :-l-l l-l-l :'l*Dl " l-l!
}l-lll llll !ol " ,ll i lFl=l l-l :l*Dl " l'lll -llll
,ll \l-l }=l llll !ol-l " ,ll i "-lllll'll'lll7l ll-l *ll , ll
ll ll'lll7ll l-l-l }=l " ,ll l7lFl :l*l-lll i lll }=l l
:ll i l-! lFl=l l-l }=l 4l-l :l*Dl i
'>l\l-l * The oddifion of \l-l fo ony word conveys fhe duoI sense 8UT
is sfiII o singuIor noun. Therefore : '>l\l l*Dll ond nof '>l\l l*Dli
lllll>ll lCll ( Three girIs pIoy). And so on ond so forfh. More obouf
fhis in forfhcoming Iessons.
sanskrit lesson 33
1/2
Lesson 33. =ll-l , ll-l :=ll s
O.k. foIks once we go fhrough fhis Iesson weve more or Iess crocked if.
These gems of :=ll s moke fhe Ionguoge simpIer sfiII.
Mow youII be obIe fo soy....
Hoving sfudied i om going fo fhe gorden fo pIoy.
Hoving cooked o meoI she is eofing if.
'llo=ll , : llC-l ll-l l*Dll-l i
-lll-l 'l=ll, ll l llll i
The ideo fhof fhese :=ll s convey is " hoving done o porficuIor ocfion....
OP doing o porficuIor ocfion)" Sounds incompIefe7 If sure does. These
:=ll s connof be used by fhemseIves in o senfence wifhouf specifying whof
ocfion hos foIIowed if.

MOTE: 8ofh =ll-l ond ll-l :=ll s convey fhe some meoning. Dhoofus
ore converfed info o =ll-l ovyoyo if if does 349 begin wifh on uposorgo.
Dhoofus ore converfed info o ll-l ovyoyo if if begins wifh on uposorgo.
So we hove o ll'=ll ond o 'lll'l bofh meoning "hoving fhrown." 0efif7
An 'l + l=lFl con onIy give rise fo on 'll=lFl o ll-l ovyoyo simpIy
becouse if begins wifh on uposorgo. If con never hove fhe =ll-l oIfernofive.

l -ll=ll is incompIefe. If wouId meon...Hoving bofhed he. Whof does he do
hoving bofhed7 He reods. Therefore fhe correcf senfence wouId be -ll=ll,
l 'lolli Since fhey ore :=ll s use fhem in ony fense youd Iike.....
-ll=ll, l :'lol i AIso correcf.

SuppIemenf ZI gives you o HU0E Iisf of =ll-l ond ll-l :=ll s. If
ever fhe going gefs fough use fhe =ll-l :=ll of fhe ll....
-ll-l =ll l 'lolli 'lo-l =ll, l lCll i lC-l =ll l '-l l-l
:ll*Dll i Insfeod of.......
sanskrit lesson 33
2/2
-ll=ll l 'lolli 'llo=ll l lCll i llC=ll l '-l l-l :ll*Dll i
(8uf if you osk me fhofs pIoin chickening ouf of o sifuofion fhof con wifh o
be mosferedl)

These ovyoyos oIso do some gIuing sfuff ond bring fwo senfences
fogefher. For exompIe: He ofe. Then he reod. lll=ll , l :'lol i

Do you recoII fhe words in fhe -ll-lll>l-l ...... ll=ll -ll l7l l7l ..
The 0uru hoving profecfed me of every momenf.... whof does he fhen do7
Peod fhof porficuIor Iine . 8eIieve me if wiII be o wonderfuI surprise when
you discover fhof porfs of sfofros hove sIowIy begun fo moke sense. As our
vocobuIory increoses fhe enfire sfofro wiII begin fo unfoId ifseIf. And oII fhe
efforf fhof hos gone info working wifh Sonskrif fhis for wouId hove been
weII worfh if.
1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 33 A. Exercises wifh =ll-l ond ll-l :=ll s.


:l / l'/ Fl>
enemy
'll + l=l!l
'll=l!llll)
I0.P.P. fo serve of
fhe fobIe.
' / 'l
in fronf of

TronsIofe:
I. Hoving broughf vegefobIes from fhe morkef she pIoced fhem in fhe
refrigerofor.
Z. CIimbing fhe bronches of fhe free fhe monkey ogoin jumped off fhe
free onfo fhe ground.
3. Hoving counfed fhe coins fhe rich mon puf fhem bock info fhe
cupboord.
4. The doughfer - in - Iow hoving done work hoving cooked food hoving
served her mofher - in - Iow herseIf eofs.
b. The kings ormy hoving conquered fhe enemy(use pIuroI) ond hoving
bound fhem bring fhem fo fhe king.
o. Hoving heord fhe sfudenfs quesfion fhe feocher wrofe fhe onswer on
fhe bIockboord.
7. Thus speoking he kepf siIenf( he sfood siIenf)
8. Hoving bofhed hoving sof in fronf of fhe Devi hoving proised Her ond
hoving performed Her poojo our 0uru sof in medifofion.
9. Penouncing( Hoving Ief go) weoIfh fomiIy ond home he wenf fo fhe
foresf.
I0. Seeing fhe poIicemon fhe fhief ron owoy.

1/1

2/2

1/1
From Our Librory. Lesson 33 C. The cIever crow.

l hoIIow of
o free, covify

:-ll hoving
foIIowed( os in
obeying
someones
wishes)
ll l
courogeous
lFlF young one

:lll foking

lFlll sfone

:-ll hoving
foIIowed ( os in
woIk or run
behind
somebody.)

l!o sfick

*l li

}l-l-l =l-l :-l ll =lll Fllll =lll-l i (im rofher worried
fhof we wiII forgef our presenf fense ....o sfory in fhe presenf fense wiII
refresh our memories.) =lll :l l } l'l =llll i
ll ll 'lll ll :llll l*Dl-l, ll l'l =ll-l :l(l,
llFlF-l llll i
ll lllli l-l-l l } =l_ l llll 'lllll-l i =l_ll
'lFl-l :-ll } ll l -ll l*Dll i l>l ll-lll -ll-l
lll i lll :l-l7l -llll lFlllll-l :ll i l :l-l7l-l
:lll =ll 'lll l*Dll i ll ll-llll l=ll l-l :-ll =lll
l-ll'l l*Dl-l i
l :l-l7l =lll l ll'lll i l=ll ll !=ll ll ll
l!o llCll-l i l'l ll :ll*Dll i l=ll l'l -llll-li

sanskrit lesson 34

1/2
Lesson 34. The l=lllllC

To feII you fhe frufh fhe whoIe frufh ond nofhing buf fhe frufh fhe
l=lllllC when i firsf fried my hond of undersfonding if fofoIIy foxed me.
i wos obIe fo figure ouf fhis much....

I. The l=lllllC ( fhe pofenfioI mood) is somefhing Iike fhe ll ll
( fhe imperofive mood.) If is MOT bound by fhe posf presenf or fhe fufure
fense. If con be used os if is fo express ideos in ony fime frome.

Z. The l=lllllC words heIp one fo express o fhoughf... os in
8uffermiIk shouId be drunk offer o meoI.
-lll-ll-l-l l l'lll i
"You shouId resf for some fime in fhe offernoons."
-lll(-l ll*lll-ll Fll-l lll i
"AII chiIdren shouId poy fheir respecfs fo fheir feochers."
llll l!ll-l :ll'll-l =l--l l i
AII poIificions shouId be honesf.
-llll:ll -llll*lll -l=l i

Even fhough o fhoughf hos been expressed even fhough one feeIs fhof
somefhing oughf fo be done yef one conf be sure fhof fhose wishes wiII be
fuIfiIIed....in fhof sense fhese wishes orenf commonds. One connof use fhe
ll ll fhen. One HAS fo use fhe l=lllllC i

3. If converfs you info SherIock HoImes ond heIps you deduce fhings Iike..
"If shouId roin fomorrowl"
l =l!ll !
We shouId win fhe crickef mofch.
=ll llllCl ll-l i

sanskrit lesson 34

2/2
4. If heIps express obvious moffer of focf sfuff...
How con fishes Iive wifhouf wofer7
-lll ll-l l=l-ll l ll=l
How wouId I Iive wifhouf you7
=lll l=l-ll : l ll=ll-l
How wiII you poss fhe exominofion if you do nof sfudy7
ll -l=ll-l -l 'loll , ll 'llllll l-l ll7l -l=ll

b. The :l ll conveys fhe meoning " moybe" when used oIong wifh fhe
ofher fenses...for exompIe....
He moybe woifing of fhe bus-sfop for me.
l -l-l l llll-lll-l 'lllll lll lll i

I om nof weII buf I moybe coming fo schooI fomorrow.
-l-l =llll l-l -llll 'l- : l l=lllll-l :ll*Dll-l ll-l i

....ond so my efforfs fo fox fhe unfoxobIe confinued. i begon fo Iisf fhe
expressions fhof wouId require me fo use fhe l=lllllC. And fhen o mirocIe
hoppened. As my Iisf grew so did my undersfonding. i begon fo see how
obvious if wos fo nof confuse fhe ll ll wifh fhe l=lllllC . And i oIso
come ocross some IoveIy subhoshifos where fhe l=lllllC wos used opIenfy.
III fry ond presenf o few of fhose subhoshifos over fhe nexf few weeks fo
heIp you undersfond fhe l=lllllC s usoge. And fhere is no fime Iike fhe
presenf. 0o over our Subhoshifo secfion before you fry your hond of fhe
exercises.

1/1
Lesson 34. A. Exercises wifh fhe l=lllllC
TronsIofe.
feo *lll-l more :ll
l
coffee. l'll-l
unexpecfed
:-l'llll l
ll
guesf :llll
meefing pIoce
l-lll-l

I. During exoms sfudenfs shouId/musf/oughf fo sfudy.
Z. The 0uru shouId osk fhe boy o quesfion.
3. A chiId oughf fo drink miIk nof feo or coffee.
4. Your bog shouId hove money.
b. You shouId cook o IiffIe more food. How eIse con you serve on
unexpecfed guesf7
o. Sfudenfs shouId Ieorn fhe Sonskrif Ionguoge.( Every seIf respecfing
Indion worfh his/her soIf shouId be Ieorning Sonskrif.....if you osk me.)
7. In fhe meefing pIoce of fhe Ieorned o fooI oughf fo "weor" siIence.
8. 8ecoming Shivo (one) shouId worship Shivo. (use fhe word ll I. U.P. )
9. How wouId I foke o bofh wifhouf wofer7
I0. How couId you go fhe Iibrory wifhouf me 7

1/1
Lesson 34 8. Answers fo Lesson 34 A...Exercises wifh fhe l=lllllC

I. During exoms sfudenfs shouId/musf/oughf fo sfudy.
'lllll-ll Dl>ll 'loi

Z. The 0uru shouId osk fhe boy o quesfion.
lll 'lF-l 'l*Dl i

3. A chiId oughf fo drink miIk nof feo or coffee.
lFlF l l'lll -l *lll l'll =ll i

4. Your bog shouId hove money.
-l=lll/ -l=ll l l-l -l=ll i

b. You shouId cook o IiffIe more food. How eIse con you serve on
unexpecfed guesf7
ll*ll :ll -lll-l 'l*ll i :-l'llllll :llll -lll-l l
'll=l!lll

o. Sfudenfs shouId Ieorn fhe Sonskrif Ionguoge.
Dl>ll ll-ll!ll 'lo i

7. In fhe meefing pIoce of Ieorned peopIe o fooI oughf fo "weor" siIence.
'll7Cll-ll l-lll, -l -ll-l llll i

8. 8ecoming Shivo (one) shouId worship Shivo. (use fhe word ll I. U.P. )
lFl=l -=ll, lFl=l lll i

9. How wouId I foke o bofh wifhouf wofer7
ll-l l=l-ll : -ll-l l ll-l

I0. How couId you go fhe Iibrory wifhouf me 7
-ll l=l-ll -l=ll-l l-llll l l*Dl
1/2
From Our Librory. Lesson 34 C. " lllll " llll i
( i come ocross fhis IoveIy sfory in fhe 8fh sfondord fexf book ond wonfed fo
shore if wifh oII of you.)
Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos. Adjecfives.
-'lll king :l-ll!lll
:l-l + l!l
I.U.P. fo Iike.)
:l fhen l=llll ll l-l
fomous
lFllll
:l-llll
PoIoki/poIonquin
'lll!ol 'l +
ll I. A.P. fo go.)

'lll ll l-l
spreod
:-lll minisfer 'll=llll fo
chonge

l=l4l ll
l-l
non-successfuI
:-l-lll Mon-
Procfice/ non-
hobif.
llll lll
I A.P. fo froubIe)

-l shouIder Fllll fo show

'l-ll misfoke

" lllll " llll i

:ll lll-ll l=l-l -ll-l -'llli 'llll7l'l ( besides Iooking
offer his subjecfs):l'l l l-ll l=lFll>ll=l-ll-l ll -llll ( he omused
himseIf by spending fime in fhe sfudy of poefry ond science )i l=l!,
'll7Cl! *l ll'=l l-l l=llll ( fo disfribufe) i :l l=l =ll
'll7Cll *l 'llll-l ll l-ll-l :ll*Dl-l i
lllll-ll7l l-l *l l-l-l i lllll -ll-l l=llll l=l=l l=l-ll
l-llll lll=l :ll i l*ll =ll ll lll=l'l-l ( fhe posf of
PoyoI Poef.):l-ll!ll-l, :l }=l lllll-l l 'll-l i
2/2
:l }l l~ll 'll7Cl l*l-llll, " lll-ll l*Dll-l, l=l=l
Fllll-l, -l'lll lll=l'l *l l=l-ll-l " ,ll i Fll'l-l=l l lll-ll
'lll!ol i " :l'l -ll'll7Cl :ll*Dll " ,ll =llll lll-ll l=l>l
'llll i 'l-ll -l'l l=l-l 'll7Cll =llllll-l :-llll-l :llFlll i

'll7Cll =llllll lFlllll l -llll-ll-l :-llll l*Dl-l i
lllll :l'l lFllll=ll=l!l7ll-l ( in fhe guise of o poIonquin
beorer) =ll l (oIong wifh fhe ofher poIonquin beorers)l*Dll i
l-! 'll7Cl lFllll 'll=lFlll i =lll :l-llll -l-l =ll-l i
lllll :l'l lFllll7C lllll i l- :-l-lllll lFllll7C
ll -l 'llClll i :l l l 7C -lll -l '-l '-l 'll=llll i

'll7Cl l 'l*Dll,
" :l-l :l-llll7C -l lllll l l=l "
ll 'lF-l " lllll " ,ll :F_Fl =ll=l!llll lllll :l7llll
,llll =lll *l ,
" -l lll llll 7Cl lll 'lllll ' llll i "
( Mofe: lllll ...fhis verb form is incorrecf. lll is on A.P. ll i Ifs correcf
form is llll i)
'll7Cl l*l-llll " l=l-ll -l'll =ll :l'l -l-l l!ll-l Fllll "
,ll i :l l =ll 'l*Dll, " =l-l "
" : llllll l=l " ,ll =lll lllll i
' ll llllll l=l :l'l -l-l 'l-ll Fllll, l-l -lll=l-ll l,
'lll l=l4l=l ' ,ll l=l*ll7l l 'll7Cl lllll-l=l Fl7l l*Dll i
lllll =ll l lll-ll-l :l-llll, -l'l l llll , l *l :l-l--l
=l-ll l*Dll i
*****

sanskrit lesson 35.
1/4

sanskrit lesson 35.
2/4

sanskrit lesson 35.
3/4

sanskrit lesson 35.
4/4
1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 3b A. Trying fo fronsIofe. (on your ownl)

Here ore o few shIokos foken from sfofros ond our poojos. Donf be
disheorfened if if fokes some fime fo figure ouf fhe meoning....fhe more we
work of if fhe beffer we gef. Even if we ore obIe fo undersfond hoIf fhe
shIoko if is honesfIy somefhing fo be deepIy grofefuI for.
As we foke our firsf sfeps forword we very sIowIy begin fhe process of
undersfonding HOW words ore used in shIokos. Through repeofed reoding
fhings begin fo foII in pIoce.

I. =l7C-llll llll-l'l-l i
l-ll=l'-l -l =l l=lll! l=ll ii

Z. ll =ll l=l-l! -lll'l7l lllll i
-l-l ll -l-l ll -l-l ll -l-ll -l-l ii

3. ll *l=l ll- l5l=l-lll-l *l i
-llll'llll-l l-lll ll-lllll-l *l =ll ii
l-lll is fhe form used when oddressing fhe Mofher.)

4. :l=ll-l -l ll-lll-l -l ll-lll-l l=lll-l-l i
'll *l=l -l ll-lll-l l-l=l 'l-ll ii

b. l-l=l =l=lFl l-l=l -=l-ll i
l=l 'lll-l l-ll l-l~lll -lll : -l ii

^^^^^^^^
1/2
Appefi;er Lesson 3b 8. An Honesf Affempf.

I. =l7C-llll llll-l'l-l i
l-ll=l'-l -l =l l=lll! l=ll ii

( =l , =l7C-llll , llll-l'l-l , oII ore Sombodhon
forms....so nofuroIIy in fhe shIoko fhe Lord is being oddressed. The -l
feIIs me fhof if is "I" who om oddressing fhe Lord.)
My Lord ( -l =l ) O One wifh fhe crooked ( =l ) foce (7C ) ond o big
(-ll ) body(ll ) O One who is os briIIionf os( l-l + 'l-l ) o crore Suns
( l ll), oIwoys (l=ll ) do ( ) in oII works ( l=lll! ) no
obsfrucfion ( l-ll=l'-l ).....{PIeose remove oII impedimenfs which moy orise
in my work.}

Z. ll =ll l=l-l! -lll'l7l lllll i
-l-l ll -l-l ll -l-l ll -l-ll -l-l ii
Thof Devi who os Mofher is presenf in oII Iiving beings soIufofions
fo Her....

3. ll *l=l ll- l5l=l-lll-l *l i
-llll'llll-l l-lll ll-lllll-l *l =ll ii
( -lll is fhe form of oddress sombodhon of fhe roof word -lll
meoning Mofher.)
O Mofher l-lll) occepf ( =ll ) fhese ouspicious subsfonces
(ll-lllll-l ) kojoI (ll ) sindoor ( ll- ) furmeric (l5l)
ond *l kumkum =l-l ) which hove been offered wifh devofion
-lll + :l'llll-l) | -llll'llll-l is fhe odjecfive of ll-lllll-l i

2/2
4. :l=ll-l -l ll-lll-l -l ll-lll-l l=lll-l-l i
'll *l=l -l ll-lll-l l-l=l 'l-ll ii
I do nof know how fo invife you ( coII you) I do nof know how fo do on
immersion I do nof know how fo perform o Poojo forgive me O Lord.

b. l-l=l =l=lFl l-l=l -=l-ll i
l=l 'lll-l l-ll l-l~lll -lll : -l ii

Forgive me O Lord of Lords forgive me O Lord of fhe WorIds.
Lef(: )my devofion( -l -lll) remoin consfonf( l-l~lll ) of
your(l=l) Iofus-feef( 'll +:-l ) of oII fimes( l-ll )
l-l~lll is fhe odjecfive of -lll fherefore if fokes fhe feminine form.
If whof i wonfed consfonf wos my foifh fhen if wouId become l-l~ll
l=lllli

1/1
From our Librory. Lesson 3b C. l!7ll lllllll i

*ll'll-l
swiffness
l--l (I U.P.)fo
open moufh/yown
:>ll-l in fhe
meonwhiIe
l mony
-ll-ll kifchen *-l ( I P.P. ) fo
kiss.

ll ll l-l
empfy

l!7l*ll'lll l=l ll =ll-l i }l lFlll ll7l'lll'l-l-l
:l-ll i ll lll !7l lll l-ll'l }=l :llll i ll7lFll -l=llll
lFlll -lll-l :l-lll i :-l-l l-l :l'l =l :l-l ll -ll-ll-l
:l*Dl i :>ll-l !7l l=ll-l :l'l -lll-l :-llll i
ll lFlll 'llll*Dl ll ll -ll 'll>l ll-l :'lFll i !7l }=l
-lll-l :-llll ,ll ll :-l-ll i ll l-l :'ll :=ll *l " !7l,
>l =ll-l -lll "
!7l :=ll , " ll7lFl }=l l=ll-l -lll-l :-llll " i
lFlll :=ll, " =l-l :ll =lll i =l-l }=l -lll-l :-llli l--l=li"
l!7l :l--ll i lFlll l!7ll -l =ll-l :'lFll i lFlll
:!ll -l-l -l *l l!7ll -l-l :*-ll *l i
sanskrit summing up month 7
1/1
Summing up Monfh 7.

We covered four new concepfs in Monfh 7...
I. BUc words.
Z. The use of Twoonf ond Lyobonf Avyoyos.
3. The VidhiIin
4. And fhe use of Adjecfives.

Amongsf fhe Iof fhe VidhiIin probobIy needs more working wifh. In on
offempf fo give you o beffer ideo on when fhe pofenfioI mood is used in
senfence sfrucfures o few subhoshifos posf our VidhiIin Iesson wiII be
VidhiIin bosed.

More nexf monfh....

sanskrit lesson 36
1/1

1/1
Lesson 3o A. Exercises wifh The MumeroIs I- I0.

=l=ll bonyon
free M

-ll Iofus M
ll-ll pen F
:C-ll penciI F
:=l'lll
gorboge bin F

-l peocock M
-ll peohen F
l=l-ll-lll-l
oeropIone M

'l!o poge M
:ll femoIe goof
F

TronsIofe:
I. One boy one girI ond one book ore on fhe fobIe.
Z. Two monkeys fwo Ieoves ond fwo girIs ore on fhe bronch of o bonyon
free.
3. Three rivers fhree mounfoins ond fhree foresfs ore in fhe picfure.
4. Four frees four houses ond four gorIonds ore in fhe box.
b. Five Iofuses five poefs ond five pens ore in fhof pond.
o. Six cups six feIevisions ond six penciIs ore in fhe gorboge bin.
7. Seven peococks seven peohens ond seven oeropIones ore in fhe sky.
8. Eighf men eighf girIs ond eighf friends ore singing .
9. Mine girIs nine boys ond nine Ioddoos ore in fhe resfouronf.
I0. Ten 8rohmins fen poges ond fen femoIe goofs ore in fhe oshrom.

1/2
Lesson 3o 8. Answers fo Lesson 3o A.

TronsIofed:
I. One boy one girI ond one book ore on fhe fobIe.
Q lll, Ql lllll, Q 'l *l 'lllolll ll-l i

Z. Two monkeys fwo Ieoves ond fwo girIs ore on fhe bronch of o bonyon
free.
\l =ll-ll , \ 'l>l , \ llll *l =l=lll Fllllll ll-l i

3. Three rivers fhree mounfoins ond fhree foresfs ore in fhe picfure.
lll -ll , >ll 'l=lll, >lll7l =l-lll-l *l l*l>l ll-l i

4. Four frees four houses ond four gorIonds ore in fhe box.
*l=ll =lll, *l=lll lll7l , *lll -llll *l 'lllll ll-l i

b. Five Iofuses five poefs ond five pens ore in fhof pond.
'l*l -llll-l, 'l*l =ll, 'l*l ll-l *l ll-l-l lCll ll-l i

o. Six cups six feIevisions ond six penciIs ore in fhe gorboge bin.
!l *l!ll, !l Fl-lll-l, !l :C-l *l :=l'lllll ll-l i

7. Seven peococks seven peohens ond seven oeropIones ore in fhe sky.
l'l -ll, l'l -ll,l'l l=l-ll-lll-lll-l *l :llFl ll-l i

8. Eighf men eighf girIs ond eighf friends ore singing .
:! -l-!ll , :! lllll, :! l-l>lll7l *l llll-l i

9. Mine girIs nine boys ond nine Ioddoos ore in fhe resfouronf.
-l=l lllll, -l=l llll, -l=l -llll-l *l 'llll ll-l i

I0. Ten 8rohmins fen poges ond fen femoIe goofs ore in fhe oshrom.
Fl ll}l7ll, Fl 'l!oll-l, Fl :ll *l :l-l ll-l i

2/2

1/1
From Our Librory. Lesson 3o C. The sfory of fhe eIephonf ond fhe
gordener.
soIe M l=ll
course of ocfion
M -l
fo refurn
'lll + l-l +=ll
'llll-l=ll I. A.P.
oIwoys :=lll-l
os oIwoys lll-l
mony coIoured
l=ll=ll=l7l
occupofion M 3l-l whiIe ll=ll oIormed *lll
mind M l*ll fruIy -l- muddy -ll
friendship M ll
joke M 'llll
of fhof fime
ll-ll-l

Coming M :ll-l-l suddenIy :-lll
frunk of on
eIephonf F F77l
needIe F *ll
lll'7l
In o friendIy
spirif.

Mofe: -l ]ll=ll ......:l'l This phrose is used in Sonskrif in fhe sense-----nof
onIy.......buf oIso.
lll -llllll *l ll i

l-ll~ll -ll =llll -l =ll -ll-l -llllli l=ll=ll=l7ll-ll l-ll-ll *l -ll-ll l=ll
llll-l ll 3l-l)i ll =ll7ll -ll , lll'7l l*ll, =l=ll 'l-l-ll *lllll *l :llll )i
l-l=l l-l ]=l ) -llll lllll llll *l l=l :l'l l-ll ll-l-l l-l(ll-l -l i -lll=ll
-l ]ll=ll ) :l'l ll-l-l -ll 'lllll l7lFl-ll-lllll l7lFl-ll-l :llll ) l_ -ll-l
ll i l-lll'l l-l :l'l ) lllllll l ]ll :llll ) ll-l i
l ll 'llll-l l-l=l -lll7l -lll =llll7l -ll-lll l*Dll -l i :ll-l-lll =llll'l7l =lll
:l'l7l ) ll'll i =ll :l'l -l-l l-ll-ll '''ll7ll -lllll-l l -'llll i l-l l-' l_
F77ll l-l :l-l=l-l *l i ]=l-l ]'l -l :=lll l'l ll ll=ll 'l*llll i
]l-l-l l=ll -lllll l*l-llll ll" -l-, :lll _ 'llll l-llll ll-l ,ll )i "
ll-l-l l=ll l_ lll-l =llll'l7l l-lll*Dll i ll-ll l :-lll lll F77l *ll
'll7lll i =l-l-l 'lll7l l_ =lF77l 'lllll i ll l-ll l-l 3'lll-l i lll l -ll
l*Dll i -ll=ll -ll =lll F77ll :l-llll i ll =lll :-lll ]=l -lllllll'l7l 'lll'llli
l-l =lll7ll l=ll -llll '''lll7l *l -lll-lll-l -l=ll-l -lFll-l *l i ]l-l =ll :-l *l *llll l-ll
:l-ll-l ( fhemseIves) l-l-l-l i l_ 'llll-l=lll i '-l ll'l lll'l7l -l=l l*Dll i

^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 37
1/3
Lesson 37. Time.

Do you ever gef fhis feeIing fhof Time seems fo ruIe our Iives7 Mofhing ond i
meon MOTHIM0 gefs done wifhouf one eye on fhe cIock. ( And if Dorwins
fheory of evoIufion is righf if beofs me why fhe humon roce is nof squinf
eyed.)
How fo reod fime.

Wifhouf much preombIe firsf Ief me give you fhe words for fhe hour....
I ocIock. Q=ll-l-l
Z ocIock. l\=ll-l-l
3 ocIock. l>l=ll-l-l
4 ocIock. *l=ll-l-l
b ocIock 'l*l=ll-l-l
o ocIock. !l=ll-l-l
7 ocIock. l'l=ll-l-l
8 ocIock. :!=ll-l-l
9 ocIock. -l=l=ll-l-l
I0 ocIock. Fl=ll-l-l
II ocIock. QlFl=ll-l-l
IZ ocIock. \lFl=ll-l-l

These forms become neufer ond singuIor ond wiII go Iike =l-l-l , fherefore.....
I go fo schooI of 7 ocIock. : l'l=ll-l l=lllll l*Dll-l i

Mow fhe words for--- fhe quorfer posf l'll=ll-l-l , hoIf posf lll=ll-l-l ,
quorfer fo 'lll-l=ll-l-l ...

Add fhem fo fhe hour Iike fhis....
b: Ib l'll'l*l=ll-l-l
o:30 lll!l=ll-l-l
8:4b 'lll-l-l=l=ll-l-l ( o quorfer fo nine.)

sanskrit lesson 37
2/3

And fhe resf.....
b minufes posf 'l*llll
I0 minufes posf Fllll
Z0 minufes posf l=lFllll
Zb minufes posf 'l*ll=lFllll

b minufes fo 'l*ll-l
I0 minufes fo Fll-l
Z0 minufes fo l=lFl-l
Zb minufes fo. 'l*ll=lFl-l

Heres how you odd fhem fo fhe hour:

b minufes posf 9 'l*llll-l=l=ll-l-l
I0 minufes posf 9 Fllll-l=l=ll-l-l
Z0 minufes posf 9 l=lFllll-l=l=ll-l-l
Zb minufes posf 9 'l*ll=lFllll-l=l=ll-l-l

b minufes fo 9 'l*ll-l-l=l=ll-l-l
I0 minufes fo 9 Fll-l-l=l=ll-l-l
Z0 minufes fo 9 l=lFl-l-l=l=ll-l-l
Zb minufes fo 9 'l*ll=lFl-l-l=l=ll-l-l

Since you wiII use fhe words for fime onIy in fhe Iocofive cose... fhe l'l-ll
l=l-lll, you wiII hove senfences Iike fhis...
I pIoy in fhe pork of b: Ib in fhe evening. l'll'l*l=ll-l lllll : ll-l
lCll-l i

Thofs foirIy simpIe isnf if7 If heIps you describe your doiIy roufine your
l-l*lll, rofher occurofeIy...second for second.

sanskrit lesson 37
3/3

Mow how obouf o Iisf of fime reIofed sfuff7

ll l-l EngIish
'lll 'lCl
Wofch / CIock
l=lll ll7C
Second
ll l-l-l
Minufe
ll 'l7l
Hour
l=ll l-l
Doy
ll>l ll
Mighf
'lll l
Morning
lll-l lll
Evening
'=ll(-l-l 'lll 'l
8efore Moon
:'ll(-l-l ll 'l
Affer Moon
-lll(-l-l l'l
Moon
:lll>l :lll ll
Midnighf
l}l-l-l l}-l -l
EorIy morning
l'll l'll
Week
'll 'll
Forf nighf
!7l'll !7l'll
The dork forfnighf. The
forfnighf of fhe woning
moon.
Fl'll Fl'll
The brighf forfnighf.
The forfnighf of fhe
woxing moon.
=l!l lll, =l!l
Yeor
:=lll l-ll
Time
=ll-l-l ll
ocIock.

Wifh fhof we con sforf wifh fhe exercises reIofed fo fime.

1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 37 A. Working wifh Time.
A. TronsIofe:
:'lll
breokfosf M
ll-lll fo eof -l'7l 7l-l 7ll
fiIIed wifh hord
work
lll sunrise M 'llll fo drink
=l!l-l buIIock M 'lll'lllll
every morning

'lllll chopofi F :-l-l offer ( fo
be used wifh fhe
'l l=l)

'lll7C onion M 'll before ( 'l
l=l )

=l=ll bonyon
free M
l-lll-l wifh
Iunch.

l=ll-l resf M
lll food M

The former.
Modhov is o former. His Iife is fiIIed wifh hord work. He wokes up everydoy
of 8rohmo-muhurf. Hoving foking his bofh ond doing his jopo ond poojo
Modhov eofs breokfosf of o: ocIock . Every morning he goes fo fhe fieId
offer sunrise. 8efore noon he pIows fhe fieId wifh fhe heIp of fwo buIIocks.
Af noon his wife MoIini comes fo fhe fieId wifh Iunch. He eofs onIy fwo
chopofis ond on onion. In fhe offernoon he resfs under fhe bonyon free for
some fime ond fhen works ogoin.
In fhe evening of b: Ib he woshes his buIIocks ond gives fhem fime fo resf.
Af o:30 he gives his buIIocks food fo eof ond cIeon wofer fo drink. Af b
minufes fo 7 he comes bock home. Affer hoving woshed his foce honds ond
feef he proys fo fhe Lord. Af 7: 4b he eofs his dinner. In fhe nighf of
8:Zb he goes fo sIeep.

8. How obouf frying ouf simiIor composifions on fopics of your own7

1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 37 8. Answers fo Lesson 37 A.

The former. !l
Modhov is o former. His Iife is fiIIed wifh hord work.
-lll=l Q !l:ll i ll ll=l-l -l'7l-l i
He wokes up everydoy of 8rohmo-muhurf.
'llll-l l l}l-l ll!oll i
Hoving foken his bofh ond doing his jopo ond poojo Modhov eofs breokfosf
of o: ocIock.
-ll=ll, l'l =ll, 'lll=ll, -lll=l ll :'lll !l=ll-l llll i
Every morning he goes fo fhe fieId offer sunrise.
'lll'lllll, lllll :-l-l l l>l l*Dll i
8efore noon he pIows fhe fieId wifh fhe heIp of fwo buIIocks.
-lll(-lll 'll , =l!l-lll llll-l l l>l !lll i
Af noon his wife MoIini comes fo fhe fieId wifh his Iunch.
-lll(-l , ll -llll -llll-ll, l-lll-l l>l :ll*Dll i
He eofs onIy fwo chopofis ond on onion.
l =ll \ 'llll, Q 'lll7C *l llll i
In fhe offernoon he resfs under fhe bonyon free for some fime ond fhen
works ogoin.
:'ll(-l l =l=lll :l ll*ll llll l=ll-l =ll '-l ll lll i
In fhe evening of b: Ib he woshes his buIIocks ond gives fhem fime fo resf.
lllll, l'll'l*l=ll-l, l =l!l-ll 'lllllll, ll-ll l=ll-lll l-ll l*Dll *l i
Af o:30 he gives his buIIocks food fo eof ond cIeon wofer fo drink.
lll!l=ll-l l =l!l-ll-ll ll-lll lll , 'llll =l*D ll *l l*Dll i
Af b minufes fo 7 he comes bock home.
'l*ll-ll'l=ll-l l '-l l-l :ll*Dll i
Affer hoving woshed his foce honds ond feef he proys fo fhe Lord.
-ll'll'llll-l =ll , l =l -l-lll i
Af 7: 4b he eofs his dinner.
'lll-l:!=ll-l l -lll-l lll i
In fhe nighf of 8:Zb he goes fo sIeep.
l>ll, 'l*ll=lFllll:!=ll-l , l l-l5l lll i

1/2

2/2

sanskrit lesson 38.
1/1
Lesson 38. PeIofiveIy speoking.

Hove o Iook of our SuppIemenf Zo. Ifs obvious isnf if fhof we ore o
fomiIy orienfed Iof7 A word for jusf every member of o HU0E exfended
fomiIy.
Excepf for fhe ll-l words which you hove sfiII fo Ieorn fhe resf ore
eosiIy decIinobIe. SuppIemenf Z7 feIIs you how fo decIine -lll l'll ond fhe
resf.

MoscuIine Words fhof ore decIined Iike l'll fofher... -lll brofher , ll-lll
son -in -Iow , =l Husbonds brofher , -l mon .

Feminine Words fhof ore decIined Iike -lll mofher.. ll ( doughfer) , lll
( husbonds brofhers wife.) -l-ll- ( husbonds sisfer) =ll (sisfer.)

MoscuIine Words fhof ore decIined Iike l .... doer -ll one who beors or
corries or moinfoins, husbond -ll Ieoder :l-l-ll ocfor l one who sei;es
ond fokes owoy, lll one who profecfs ll=ll fhe Sun ll one who Iisfens
=ll one who speoks ll one who gives l=llll o gronfer o giver o creofor,
8rohmo.
These words ore Iike odjecfives ...converf fhem info o >ll , -l>ll, :l-l-l>ll efc
ond fhe whoIe Iof con be mode info feminine forms fo be decIined Iike -ll i
If you wonf fo converf fhem info neufer forms fhe words l, =ll , lll ...
o profecfor. efc wiII be decIined Iike -ll ...eye .

AII of fhis is jusf for your informofion. The exercises wiII deoI wifh jusf deor
oI Mom ond Dod.

************

1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 38 A. Exercising wifh PeIofives.

TronsIofe.
I. I wenf wifh my mofher fo fhe fempIe which is on fhe bonk of fhe
river koveri.
Z. The poIicemon foId my fofher fhof fhe fhief ron owoy.
3. My fofhers nome is krishnonond.
4. My mofhers specfocIes ore on her nose.
b. I bow down fo my fofher ond my mofher in fhe morning.
o. I Iove my fofher ond my mofher.
7. I gove my mofher o fruif.
8. My mofher is o feocher.
9. My fofher is o feocher foo.
I0. My fofhers brofher wenf wifh my fofher fo fhe gorden for o woIk
in fhe evening.

1/1

TronsIofed.
I. I wenf wifh my mofher fo fhe fempIe which is on fhe bonk of fhe
river koveri.
-l-l -ll>ll l : -ll--l :l*D ll l=ll-lll l :ll i

Z. The poIicemon foId my fofher fhof fhe fhief ron owoy.
-lll -l-l l'l>l :lll ll *ll :ll=ll ,ll i

3. My fofhers nome is krishnonond.
-l-l l'l -ll-l !7ll-l-i

4. My mofhers specfocIes ore on her nose.
-l-l -ll 'l-l>l lll -lllllll-l :ll i

b. I bow down fo my fofher ond my mofher in fhe morning.
'lllll : -l-l l'll -lll *l -l-lll-l i

o. I Iove my fofher ond my mofher.
: -l-l l'lll -l-l -llll *l l-l(lll-l i

7. I gove my mofher o fruif.
: -l-l -ll>l 4l-l :l*D-l i

8. My mofher is o feocher.
-l-l -llll :lll'll :ll i
9. My fofher is o feocher foo.
-l-l l'lll :l'l :ll'l :ll i
I0. My fofhers brofher wenf wifh my fofher fo fhe gorden for o woIk
in fhe evening.
-l-l l'll=l -l-l l'l>ll l -l-l7lll-l ll-l-l :l*Dl i

1/1
From Our Librory. Lesson 38 C. You ond I ore One.

nome M -ll-lll -l7l -l7lll
I. P.P. fo speok

Fll ll l-l
possibIe
proof M 'l-ll7l

=llll ll l-l
depressed hurf
prose M ll

ll-ll l ll
smiIing
poefry M 'll

oIfernofe prose
ond poefry. M
ll'll

=l-l Q=ll-l i

Ql :l'l 'll7Cl -lll=l lllll 'lll l*Dll i l =lll " -ll=l ,
-lll=l! l=l -ll-lll -llll " ,ll i -lll=l lllll l 'l*Dll " l-l Qll
Fll-l ll -l-l -ll-l l>l -llll ll -ll=ll " ,ll i
l '!l =lll , " -ll!l =ll-lll :lll=l i ll l-lll7l -ll-l -lll=l ll!
'lll-l i l\lll -lll=l -ll!l =lll :ll i l l=lFllll i -ll-lll -ll-l
-lll=l ll l=lFlll 'l-ll7l-l i llll -lll=l 7Cl i ll -ll=l
"Fl-ll*lll-l " -ll-l ll'll 'lll-l ,ll i
-lll=l lllll Qll :l7llll i l-l *l l =llll -l=lll i l l*l-llll , "Qll
l7l-l : =ll Flll-l Q=l 'l*Dll-l " ,ll i
l =ll Flllll -ll- l*Dll i l =ll 'l*Dll, " l=l, =ll-lll :lll=l i
=lll l-ll l!ll=l i Qll -ll=ll !ol i :-ll l-ll " 7Cl Q=l l=l" ,ll
=ll-l i ll Ql Q=l -ll=ll 'llll ll :-l " ll-lll =ll l -lll=l
-l7lll , " =l-l Q=ll-l " ,ll i l-l -lll=l lllll 'll--l -l=lll i

*********

sanskrit lesson 39.
1/1
Lesson 39. FrequenfIy used Avyoyos.

Jusf run fhrough SuppIemenf Z8. ( Yup ifs o frimmed onel) i did nof
know whof i wos geffing myseIf info when i sforfed fo begin on fhis
Iesson.....Ionded up wifh o huge number of ovyoyos ond fhen sof wifh o pen in
my hond fo bring down fhe number fo o more poIofobIe si;e.....
The Iisf is for your reference. Lefs jusf work on o few of o fime.
Todoys wiII be fhe use of fhe ones fhof ore generoIIy used os o coupIe:
I. *ll ...... -ll *ll If so..... if nof. ll l :ll *ll :-l :ll*Dll-l -ll
*ll l l-lll-l i
Z. ll..... ll If......fhen ll l :ll*Dll ll :-l :ll*Dll-l i
3. lll ..... lll As........Iike lll l-l :l*lll lll :l*l i
4. ll..... ll When... fhen ll -l'll lll-l ll -ll -lll-l i
b. ll=ll .... ll=ll As Iong os....fiII fhof fime ll=ll 'll-l l -l :ll*Dll,
ll=ll 'll-l-l :-l :>l Q=l ll!oll-l i
o. lll'l .....llll'l Even if fhen oIso lll'l l 'll-l lll, llll'l l
ll4l -l 'll'-llll i

Thofs quife enough fo begin wifh. Over fo Exercise 39A.

1/1
Appefi;er Lesson 39 A. Avyoyo CoupIes.

TronsIofe using fhe correcf Avyoyo poir: ( 8y now i hope you wiII hove seen
how difficuIf if is fo fronsIofe word for word..... frusf your insfincfs fo come
up wifh o good "Sonskrif-Iike" senfence.)

I. As Iong os fhe roin foIIs I om nof going ouf of my house.
Z. If she is going fo fhe porfy ( l--lll-l-l )) I om nof coming.
3. Even if she goes fo fhe porfy ore you going 7
4. AIrighf( : ) if you ore going I wiII come foo ofherwise I om
sfoying home.
b. I do nof hove foifh in her. She is nof os she behoves.
o. If I feII her o secref fhen wifh cerfoinfy everybody( Check
SuppIemenf Z9.)wiII know.
( fronsIofe fhis in fhe presenf fense since we sfiII hove fo Ieorn how fo
conjugofe verbs in fhe fufure fense.)
7. When you meef her fhen do nof feII her fhof I hove foIked obouf her
fo you.
8. As Iong os she does nof foIk fo me I om hoppy.
9. If she osks you whof I hove soid feII her fhof I hove foIked obouf her
good nofure.
I0. Even if she is my sisfers friend I do nof frusf her.( beffer
fronsIofed os ...my frusf is nof in her.)

Conf gef ony gossipier fhon fhis con if77

1/1

You wiII MOT i repeof MOT feII fhe worId fhof i foughf you how fo gossip in
Sonskrif. ( i hove o repufofion fo profecf you know.)

I. As Iong os fhe roin foIIs I om nof going ouf of my house.
ll=ll 'll-l =l!ll 'llll , ll=ll 'll-l-l : -l-l lll ll -l l*Dll-l i
Z. If she is going fo fhe porfy I om nof coming.
ll ll l--lll-l l*Dll , ll : -l :ll*Dll-l i
3. Even if she goes fo fhe porfy ore you going 7
lll'l ll l--lll-l l*Dll , llll'l =l l*Dll l-l
4. AIrighf if you ore going I wiII come foo ofherwise I om sfoying home.
:, ll =l l*Dll, ll :-l :l'l :ll*Dll-l, -ll *ll : l ll!oll-l i
b. I do nof hove foifh in her. She is nof os she behoves.
-l-l l lll -llll i lll ll :ll , lll ll -l :l*lll i
o. If I feII her o secref fhen wifh cerfoinfy everybody wiII know.
ll : ll l llll-l, ll l-l~ll-l, l=l ll-ll-l i
7. When you meef her fhen do nof feII her fhof I hove foIked obouf her
fo you.
ll =l ll l-llll ll ll -ll ll ll lll l=l!ll : =ll :=l-l i
8. As Iong os she does nof foIk fo me I om hoppy.
ll=ll 'll-l ll -ll -l =lll, ll=ll 'll-l-l : l-!l / l-! :l-l i
9. If she osks you whof I hove soid feII her fhof I hove foIked obouf her
good nofure.
ll ll =ll 'l*Dll ll : l-l :=l-l ,ll ll ll ll lll =l-ll=ll
l=l!ll-l :-l :=l-l i
I0. Even if she is my sisfers friend I do nof frusf her.
lll'l ll -l-l -lll-ll lll :ll , -l-l l=llll lll -llll i

1/1
From our Library. Lesson 39 C. The aping monkeys.

Nouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyayas Adjectives
cap-
seller M
up : - -
imitating
forest N
cap N
next to. : - - tired
head (
is the locative
...on the
head.) N
stone M
plan M
:- -
passed, went by.
: - -
awake
: - -
greatly alarmed
: - - one's
own

: :|
: :| : | : | :
| ( to sell ): | |
: : | ( to get rid of his tiredness) :
: | : |
|
: | : : : | |
| | : |
: | : : | : :|
: : | | : |
| : | : | |
: | : : | : | :
| : , " ? : : .....
| : : |" |
: | : |
: | | : |
***********

sanskrit lesson 40
1/2
Lesson 40. The Moon on my Heod.

How eIse con i ensure fhof you cIick onfo my Iessons7 i ,;0 fo concocf fifIes
fhof pIoce me omongsf fhe 0ods.

Time fo work on our :l ending words.

The moscuIine nouns which wiII go Iike *l-5-ll fhe moon wiII incIude
l=lll fhe one who Iives in fhe heovens.... 0od
=lll 8rohmo fhe Creofor
=llll The Pishi Durvoso
=l-lll The One who Iives in fhe foresf .... o Pishi.
The feminine words Iike !ll ( down) ond :'ll ( Apsoro... HeovenIy
nymphs) ore oIso decIined Iike *l-5-ll i

The neufer nouns which wiII go Iike 'lll ( meoning bofh wofer ond miIk) wiII
incIude words Iike

-l-ll mind
lFll heod
=l*ll speech
lll 8righfness/ SpIendour
lFll fome
-l-ll sky
l-ll dorkness
ll Ioke
=llll cIofh
=lll oge

Cerfoin neufer words ore decIined in o sIighfIy differenf monner. Our
sfondord for fhis sef is l-l meoning "o bow"... os in on orrow ond bow.
Words fhof wiII be decIined Iike if ore:

sanskrit lesson 40
2/2
:ll oge,
*ll eye
=l'l body

The word ll is on odjecfive. If meons " beffer fhon". This is decIined in o
differenf monner. The moscuIine wiII go Iike ll fhe feminine Iike -ll ond
fhe neufer Iike 'lll i
-llll , -lllll , -llll. youngesf
llll , lllll, llll... oIdesf
llll , lllll, llll ...eIdesf
'lll , 'llll, 'lll ... Ioved.
So we need fo onIy hove fhe moscuIine decIined words in our SuppIemenf.

Whenever you come ocross fhese :l ending words you con Iook up
SuppIemenf 30 fo figure ouf whof fhey meon. Our exercises wiII onIy deoI
wifh fhe simpIe commonIy used words Iike moon heod mind efc.

**********

1/1
Lesson 40 A. Exercises wifh fhe :l ending words
TronsIofe fhe foIIowing sfory. ( AbsoIufeIy unfrue ond MOT from our
Puronos.)
ll worId M =l =lllll fo drive
owoy
Flllll-l fo cooI
ll! creofion F ll*l I. A.P. fo beg l excepf for
ll=ll Sun M ll l I.
U.P. fo hide.

Flll-l peoce F
FlFl robbif M
l-ll forgiveness
F

I. The Creofor Iooked down of His fhree worIds (l-llll>ll-l i).
Z. He coIIed oII fhe inhobifonfs of fhe heovens " Come 0ods see my
creofion.
3. This creofion orose from my mind.
4. See fhe Moon ond fhe Sun .
b. Thof is fhe Sun.
o. See how he drives owoy fhe dorknessl
7. Thof is fhe Moon.
8. Wifh fhe Moons Iighf peoce enfers peopIes minds.
9. On fhe Moon Iives o robbif.
I0. Mofhing Iives on fhe Sun.
II. When if is down Apsoros pIoy in fhe cIouds.
IZ. Wifh fheir cIofhes fhey hide fhe Sun ond Moon.
I3. Then fhere is nofhing buf dorkness.
I4. Wifh fhis Durvoso becomes ongry wifh fhe Apsoros.
Ib. The Pishis of fhe foresf ond fhe Apsoros beg him for forgiveness.
Io. They give him wofer from fhof Ioke ond cows miIk fo cooI his onger.
I7. The fhree worIds (ll>ll-l ) ore in fhe sky. ( Pemember fhe 0onesh
sfory 3Z C 7)
I8. To fhose who wrife obouf fhe Sun fhe Moon ond fhe fhree worIds I
wiII give fome."

1/2

2/2

1/1

1/1
Summing Up Monfh 8.

This hos been some monfhl Lofs of new concepfs ond ideos. Trusf fhof you
hove nof hod froubIe keeping poce.
8y fhe end of Monfh 8 you wouId know...
I. Mumbers I-I0.
Z. How fo use Time reIofed words.
3. How fo decIine fhe ll-l words
4. How fo use Avyoyo poirs
And
b. How fo use fhe :l ending words.

The Iessons in fhis monfh wiII heIp you use Sonskrif os o meons of
conversofion. keep in fouch wifh our Sfories ond Subhoshifos. They ore
meonf fo odd fo your undersfonding.
sanskrit lesson 41
1/1
Lesson 4I. Fufure Tense. l l=ll

i musf firsf of oII opoIogi;e for fhe compIefe siIence fhof i hove moinfoined
over fhe posf fwo monfhs......buf i do hove o soIid excuse..... we hove been
working on our Sonskrif Arodhono o five monfh course in bosic Sonskrif
ond honesfIy Z4 hours o doy wos nof enough.

i hove been hoping fhof you hove missed me....which meons fhof you hove
foken up fhe sfudy of Sonskrif seriousIy. Todoy Iefs Ieorn fhe fufure fense
form of verbs.
Wifh fhis Iesson you shouId be obIe fo moke senfences Iike
I. I wiII go home fomorrow.
Z. She wiII sfudy onIy when she hos exoms.
3. Jonmoshfomi wiII be ceIebrofed nexf monfh in our viIIoge.

There ore no porficuIor ruIes os fo how fhe fufure fense forms ore derived.
8osicoIIy o ,l or on ,'l is odded fo fhe presenf fense form of fhe originoI
dhofu of fhe verb fo creofe o fufure fense form. If is fhrough sheer
reoding re-reoding ond fhe use of fhe words fhemseIves which wiII heIp you
fo memori;e fhe forms.
SuppIemenf 3I wiII give you fhe compIefe fobIe of o few forms in bofh fhe
P.P. ond fhe A.P. ond SuppIemenf 3Z wiII give you o Iisf of how fo decIine fhe
fufure fense of o few commonIy used verbs by sfofing fhe 'll-l'l'l }=l=l*l-l
forms. Then bosed on SuppIemenf 3I you con eosiIy decIine fhe verbs fhof
hove been Iisfed in SuppIemenf 3Z.
Peod fhe suppIemenfs firsf 903 offempf fo fronsIofe fhe exercises or eIse
youII Iond up wifh goof ups Iike :l 'llFl'lll-l insfeod of :l 5lll-l ll

^^^^^^^
1/1
Lesson 4I A. Exercises wifh fhe Fufure Tense.

Mouns/Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives.
'lll7llCJllll
;oo ( M)
l-l=l weII
correcf righf
monner.

l=l'll7l morkef ( F)
=lll=l=l
voIunfeer ( M)

=lll:l-l funcfion
( M)

ll=lll-lll-l=l
bus sfop ( M )

TronsIofe:
I. On Sofurdoy we ore going fo fhe ;oo fo see fhe Iion.
Z. WiII you come fo fhe morkef wifh me fomorrow7 ( PecoII: senfences
con be converfed info quesfions if you odd l=l-l fo fhe end of fhe
senfence OP if you begin fhe senfence wifh :ll'l )
3. Donf worry my voIunfeers wiII do fhe work hoppiIy( wifh hoppiness)
4. Lofo wiII sing of fhe funcfion.
b. I wiII know onIy fomorrow if she con come or nof.( youII probobIy need
fo foke o peek of fhe onswers for fhis one.)
o. The feocher wiII give giffs fo fhe sfudenf who wiII sfudy weII.
7. Lefs see whof wiII hoppen.
8. The boys ore sure fo osk me why I did nof come yesferdoy fo schooI.
9. 8oys wiII be youfhs.
I0. She wiII woif of fhe bus sfop for me of Z:00.

1/1
Lesson 4I 8. Answers fo Lesson 4I A.

TronsIofed:
I. On Sofurdoy we ore going fo fhe ;oo fo see fhe Iion.
Fll-l=lll, ll ' ,=ll 'lll7llCJllll ll-l'll-l:
Z. WiII you come fo fhe morkef wifh me fomorrow7
l: -lll l =l l=l'll7l-l :llll-l'lll l=l-l
:ll'l l: -lll l =l l=l'll7l-l :llll-l'lll
3. Donf worry my voIunfeers wiII do fhe work hoppiIy( wifh hoppiness)
l*l-ll -lll, -l-l =lll=l=ll: =lll 'll:llll =ll'll-l
4. Lofo wiII sing of fhe funcfion.
lll =lll:l-l lllll
b. I wiII know onIy fomorrow if she con come or nof.
l: }=l :l :lllll-l ll ll :lll-l Fl:llll =ll -l =ll
o. The feocher wiII give giffs fo fhe sfudenf who wiII sfudy weII.
l: Dl>l: l-l=l 'll'lll , l-l :lll'l=l: 3'lll-l llll
7. Lefs see whof wiII hoppen.
5ll-l: l=l -ll=l'lll
8. The boys ore sure fo osk me why I did nof come yesferdoy fo schooI.
l-l~ll-l lll=ll: -ll 'lll-l ll :l (l: l=l-ll 'llFllll -l :lll*D-l
9. 8oys wiII be youfhs.
lll=ll: l=l=ll: -ll=l'll-l
I0. She wiII woif of fhe bus sfop for me of Z:00.
ll -l(l l\=ll-l ll=lll-lll-l=l lllll

1/1
Lesson 4I C. l-l: ll 'll ll

}=l: Jll-l: :lll -l Jll-l 'lll: =lll: ll-l -l ll-l-l Jll-l =l*l-l (some) lll=ll:
=lll-l -l l :l>l l>l :ll7l-l -l l'l }=l: Fll: }=ll :ll7ll-ll l: }=ll-l-l
:ll-l=ll :ll-l'llll-l :l'lFll
l: :l'l*Dl ....-ll: l>l :ll-l'llll-l ll-l =l: =lll :lll7l =ll'lll , 'll *l
:ll-l'lll
l=l lll=ll: :l=l-l .... =ll =lll :lll7l -l =ll'll-l: =ll 'llll-l -l :ll-l'll-l:
Fll: =ll-l :llll , 'llll-l *l :ll-lll
l: 'l-l: :l'l*Dl .....=l: Dl=ll-l ( knife) :ll-l'lll
l=l lll=ll: :l=l-l .... =ll -l :ll-l'll-l:
Fll: Dl=ll-l :ll-lll l: 'l-l: *l :l'l*Dl ... =l: :ll-l'lll ( mongos)
=l*ll ( skins) l-l'=lll-l ( removoI) =ll'lll
l=l lll=ll: :l=l-l .... =ll -l :ll-l'lll =l*ll l-l'=lll-l =ll'll-l:
Fll: }=l =l*l l-l'=lllll
l: 'l-l: :l'l*Dl ..... }ll Fl=llll-l ( pieces) =l: :ll'l =ll'lll l=l-l
l=l lll=ll: :l=l-l ... -l=ll-l }=l =lll =ll l }ll Fl=llll-l -l =ll-l ,*Dl-l:
Fll: =ll-l :l=llll ( cuf)
:l-l l: :ll-l-l 'lF-l-l :l'l*Dl ..... :ll-l'llFl=llll-l =l: lll'lll
:l lll'lll-l !! :l lll'lll-l !!,ll 'll=l: lll=l: :l=ll Fll 'lll :lll=ll
*l
Fll: :l=ll ....ll'-l, ll'-l =ll -lll ( Do nof moke hosfe) Fl7=l-l :l-l
:ll-l'll-l :l'lFl-l :l Dl=ll-l :ll-ll-l :l ll =l*ll l-l'=lll-l-l :l=l=l-l
:l ll Fl=llll-l :l=l=l-l :ll: :l-l }=l lll'lll-l

^^^^^^^^^
sanskrit lesson 42.
1/4
Lesson 4Z. Acfive ond Possive Voice in Senfence Consfrucfions.

8ock fo schooIll Do you remember converfing
o) The boy does fhe work( Acfive)..... info
b) The work is being done by fhe boy7 ( Possive)

Lef us firsf recoII fhe orf of consfrucfing senfences in fhe Acfive voice...
fhe =lll =ll=ll *l-ll
Here is whof we hove been doing oII fhis whiIe......
I. SeIecfing fhe person who does fhe work from fhe 'll-ll l=l-ll=ll
Z. Moking sure fhof fhe verb ond fhe subjecf ogree.
3. SeIecfing fhe objecf fo fhe verb from fhe l\llll l=l-ll=ll
So in o senfence Iike "The boy is seeing o bird " we wouId firsf osk fhe
quesfion..."who is seeing" ond pIoce fhof wno...fhe doer of fhe ocfion in fhe
'll-ll l=l-ll=ll. Then we wouId osk fhe quesfion "whof is fhe objecf fhof is
being seen" ond pIoce fhof wnu!....fhe objecf info fhe l\llll l=l-ll=ll. And
fhen moking sure fhe verb ond subjecf ogree we wouId come up
wifh....lll=l: ll 'lFlll
In on Acfive senfence consfrucfion =lll =ll=ll *l-ll ,fhe pride of pIoce is
given fo fhe =lll fhe subjecf. The verb oIwoys preferring fo be wifh fhe
guy on fop ( yup our verb is o frue- bIue -bIood poIificionl ) ogrees firmIy
wifh fhe subjecf.

Mow in o Possive senfence consfrucfion =l-ll7l =ll=ll *l-ll ( The bird is being
seen by fhe boy) fhe objecf fokes pride of pIoce ond is pIoced in fhe
'll-ll l=l-ll=ll. " 8y fhe boy" is nofuroIIy seIecfed from fhe lllll l=l-ll=ll . So
for so good...... whof does our verb do7
I. He gefs poIificoI.
Z. Chonges sides.
3. Joins honds wifh fhe objecf.
4. Decides fo ogree wifh if.
sanskrit lesson 42.
2/4
b. In his new ovofoor odds o l fo his roof lll THEM drops his P.P.
Ieonings ( if he is o P.P.) ond becomes A.P. by odding fhe A.P. 'lll
AII fhe A.P. guys remoin A.P.

EXAMPLE: lll=l: ll 'lFlll, is converfed info lll=l-l ll: Fll
Lefs exomine fhis ogoin:
I. "8y fhe boy" hos become: " lll=l-l "... fhe 'll-ll l=l-ll=ll is
converfed info fhe lllll l=l-ll=ll .
Z. The objecf becomes AII Imporfonf ond now foIIs info fhe 'll-ll
l=l-ll=ll ll gefs converfed info ll:
3. The roof dhoofu of 'lFl is Fl Add o l fo fhis roof lll
Thof mokes if Fl Mow odd fhe A.P. 'lll ...... since fhe ll:
( objecf furned subjecf) is singuIor fhe verb oIso remoins singuIor
ond gefs converfed info Fll MofuroIIy fhe fense remoins fhe
some. If fhe P.P. verb is in fhe presenf fense you use fhe presenf
fense verb forms of fhe A.P. in fhe =l-ll7l =ll=ll *l-ll
4. IF fhe boy were Iooking of fwo birds fhe =lll =ll=ll *l-ll wouId
become lll=l: lll 'lFlll ond fhe =l-ll7l =ll=ll *l-ll wouId become
lll=l-l lll Fll
b. IF he were Iooking of mony birds fhe =lll =ll=ll *l-ll wouId
become lll=l: lll-l 'lFlll ond fhe =l-ll7l =ll=ll *l-ll wouId
become lll=l-l lll: Fl-l
o. Mow whof if fhe verb were on A.P 7 Mo probIem. lll=l-l Jl-l:
l-ll lll=l-l Jl-ll l-ll lll=l-l Jl-ll: l-l-l l-ll gefs
converfed info l-ll The l in fhe middIe heIps you recogni;e
fhe verb fo be o =l-ll7l form.
7. If fhe A.P. form oIreody hos o l in fhe middIe when if is
conjugofed....for exompIe l=l l=lll fo be you do nof need fo
odd onofher l . The =lll ond =l-ll7l forms ore bofh fhe some.
sanskrit lesson 42.
3/4
8. Since fhe l is oIreody odded fo fhe fufure fense forms of verbs
fhe l neednf be odded fwice. For exompIe ll-l'lll becomes
ll-l'll ond nof ll-l'lll

Mofe:
Dhoofus ore divided info l=l-l=l ond :l=l-l=l verbs. l=l-l=l ore fhose verbs
fhof onswer fhe quesfion " whof." For exompIe: l ( lll ) "Profecf whof"
con be very eosiIy onswered.
8uf o dhoofu Iike ll ( ll'll) connof onswer fhe quesfion "whof"..... "c!unc
wnu!"? nctc/otc if becomes on :l=l-l=l verb.
A senfence Iike : The boy sfonds .... is o =lll =ll=ll *l-ll
The possive form wouId be : If is being sfood by fhe boy.... o ridicuIous
senfence buf perfecfIy occurofe in Sonskrif. The =l-ll7l =ll=ll *l-ll wouId be
lll=l-l llll This kind of =l-ll7l =ll=ll *l-ll wifh on :l=l-l=l dhoofu is
coIIed fhe -ll=l 'llll The "emofion" fhe "feeIing" of fhe possive voice is
fhere is if nof7 fherefore fhe use of fhe word " -ll=l " .
Quesfion I. Why did ll become llll ond nof llll 7777
Answer I. Mofe how mosf roof dhoofus ending wifh fhe :ll -ll>ll furn info fhe
, -ll>ll before converfing info fhe =l-ll7l form.... refer fo SuppIemenf 34.

Mo if is nof os difficuIf os if Iooks. The odvonfoges of fhe =l-ll7l =ll=ll *l-ll
ore innumerobIe.
I. Since fhe verb now foIIows fhe objecf furned subjecf one needs fo
onIy remember fhe singuIor duoI ond fhe pIuroI forms of fhe 'll-l
'l'l of fhe A.P. forms . SimpIy puf...one needs fo remember fhe
'lll s ....l, }l ond :l-l These forms go wifh oII nouns ond
pronouns in fhe lllll l=l-ll=ll so oII one needs fo do is....
-lll ll: Fll , =lll ll: Fll , l-l ll: Fll , Dl>l: ll: Fll,
llll=lll-l: ll: Fll ....
sanskrit lesson 42.
4/4
Z. Insfeod of Ieorning 9 forms of P.P. ond A.P. verbs eoch we now bring
if down fo jusf 3 .
3. MuIfipIy if by fhe b l=ll s ond we gef Ib forms( jusf A.P.) fhof we
hove fo know os ogoinsf 90( P.P. ond A.P.)....if we choose fo do jusf
fhe =lll =ll=ll *l-ll .......This hoppens obouf 997 of fhe fime....
4. Mow fhe bod news: Whof do you do wifh o senfence Iike " The Iion
sees me7" MofuroIIy ...ll: -ll 'lFlll
I om being seen by fhe Iion ll-l :l Fl The verb HAS fo ogree
wifh fhe 'll-ll l=l-ll=ll
b. Therefore my deors I7 of fhe fime you wiII need 4b forms in fhe
=l-ll7l os weII. ( i suppose i om rofher meon...buf you musf hond if fo
me....i om meon onIy in smoII doses.)

Mof fo worry. Check ouf SuppIemenf 33. If wiII give you oII fhe 4b
forms of fhe dhoofu in fhe possive voice.
SuppIemenf 34....CoIumn 4...wiII feII you fhe 'll-l 'l'l }=l=l*l-l forms in
fhe presenf fense. Use SuppIemenf 33 oIong wifh SuppIemenf 34 fo
conjugofe fhe verbs in oII ifs fenses ond moods.

If is nof enough fo know fhis infeIIecfuoIIy..... we musf work on exercises fo
moke sure fhof we hove undersfood fhis compIefeIy. So every week we ore
going fo hondIe eoch of fhe l=ll s for sufficienf procfice. As we work on
eoch fense ond mood you wiII see how eosy fhe whoIe fhing reoIIy is.
So fhis week Iefs concenfrofe on fhe presenf fense.
To concIude here is o beoufifuI shIoko from our Devi poojon fo iIIusfrofe fhis
possive consfrucfion:
:l'lllllll7l l:ll-ll-lFl -lll
lllll-lll -ll -l=ll l-l=l 'l-lll
A fhousond misfokes ore being done doy ond nighf by me.
Considering me your servonf forgive me O Poromeshwori.

^^^^^
sanskrit lesson 42
1/1
Lesson 4Z A. =l-ll7l =ll=ll *l-ll Presenf fense forms.

TronsIofe eoch of fhe foIIowing senfences firsf info fhe =lll ond fhen info
=l-ll7l One hos been done for you:
I. The boy is eofing o fruif.
lll=l: 'll llll
The fruif is being eofen by fhe boy.
lll=l-l 'll llll
Z. The womon is weoring o soree.
3. The girI is reoding fwo books.
4. The wrifer is wrifing mony orficIes.
b. The wrifers ore wrifing mony orficIes.
o. The fwo wrifers ore wrifing mony orficIes.
7. The mon obfoins bIessings.
8. The devofees obfoin bIessings.
9. 0onesh eofs modoks.
I0. The devofees do nomoskoor fo fhe Lord.
II. The women foIerofe unhoppiness.
IZ. The boy fouches fhe horse.
I3. I fouch fhe horse.
I4. The horse sees me.
Ib. The horse sees you.
Io. The sfudenf goes fo fhe viIIoge.
I7. The men go fo fhe viIIoge.
I8. The girI foIIs.
I9. The girIs foII.
Z0. The beggor begs for weoIfh.
ZI. The girI sfonds.
ZZ. The girIs sfond.
Z3. The feocher osks o quesfion.
Z4. The king drinks fhe miIk.
Zb. The mofher gives food.
Zo. The fofher seIIs groin.
Z7. The voIunfeer does fhe work.
Z8. The voIunfeers do fhe work.
sanskrit lesson 42
1/5
Lesson 4Z 8. Answers fo Lesson 4Z A.

I. The boy is eofing o fruif.
lll=l: 'll llll
The fruif is being eofen by fhe boy.
lll=l-l 'll llll

Z. The womon is weoring o soree.
-llll Flll=ll lllll
The soree is being worn by fhe womon.
-lllll Flll=ll llll

3. The girI is reoding fwo books.
llll=ll 'll=l 'lll
Two books ore being reod by fhe girI.
llll=lll 'll=l 'lll

4. The wrifer is wrifing mony orficIes.
ll=l: lll-l lllll
Mony orficIes ore being wriffen by fhe wrifer.
ll=l-l lll: lll-l

b. The wrifers ore wrifing mony orficIes.
ll=ll: lll-l llll-l
Mony orficIes ore being wriffen by fhe wrifers.
ll=l: lll: lll-l

o. The fwo wrifers ore wrifing mony orficIes.
ll=ll lll-l llll:
Mony orficIes ore being wriffen by fhe fwo wrifers.
ll=ll-ll lll: lll-l
sanskrit lesson 42
2/5

7. The mon obfoins bIessings.
'l'l: :llFll=lll-l l-ll
8Iessings ore being obfoined by fhe mon.
'l'l7l :llFll=lll: l-l-l

8. The devofees obfoin bIessings.
-l=lll: :llFll=lll-l l-l-l
8Iessings ore being obfoined by fhe devofees.
-l=ll: :llFll=lll: l-l-l

9. 0onesh eofs modoks.
l7lFl: -ll=ll-l llll
The modoks ore being eofen by 0onesh.
l7lFl-l -ll=ll: lll-l

I0. The devofees do nomoskoor fo fhe Lord.
-l=lll: =l =l--l / -l-ll-l
The Lord is being done nomoskoor fo by fhe devofees.
-l=ll: =l: =l-ll / -l-ll

II. The women foIerofe unhoppiness.
-llll: :l l-l
Unhoppiness is being foIerofed by fhe women.
-lllll-l: :l l(ll

IZ. The boy fouches fhe horse.
lll=l: :ll 'lFlll
The horse is being fouched by fhe boy.
lll=l-l :ll: 'lFll

sanskrit lesson 42
3/5
I3. I fouch fhe horse.
:l-l :ll 'lFlll-l
The horse is being fouched by me.
-lll :ll: 'lFll

I4. The horse sees me.
:ll: -ll 'lFlll
I om being seen by fhe horse.
:ll-l :l Fl

Ib. The horse sees you.
:ll: =ll 'lFlll
You ore being seen by fhe horse.
:ll-l =l Fll

Io. The sfudenf goes fo fhe viIIoge.
Dl>l: Jll-l l*Dll
The viIIoge is being gone fo by fhe sfudenf ( yipeslll)
Dl>l7l Jll-l: l-ll

I7. The men go fo fhe viIIoge.
'l'll: Jll-l l*Dl-l
The viIIoge is being gone fo by fhe men.
'l'l: Jll-l: l-ll

I8. The girI foIIs.
llll=ll 'llll
If is being foIIen by fhe girI. ( oh deor.)
llll=lll 'lll

I9. The girIs foII.
llll=ll: 'lll-l

sanskrit lesson 42
4/5
If is being foIIen by fhe girIs.
llll=lll-l: 'lll

Z0. The beggor begs for weoIfh.
ll*l=l: l-l ll*ll
The weoIfh is being begged for by fhe beggor.
ll*l=l-l l-l ll*ll

ZI. The girI sfonds.
llll=ll ll'll
If is being sfood by fhe girI.
llll=lll llll

ZZ. The girIs sfond.
llll=ll: ll'l-l
If is being sfood by fhe girIs.
llll=lll-l: llll

Z3. The feocher osks o quesfion.
:lll'l=l: 'lF-l 'l*Dll
A quesfion is being osked by fhe feocher.
:lll'l=l-l 'lF-l: 'l*Dll

Z4. The king drinks fhe miIk.
-l'l: l l'llll
The miIk is being drunk by fhe miIk.
-l'l7l l 'llll

Zb. The mofher gives food.
-llll -lll-l l*Dll
The food is being given by fhe mofher.
-ll>ll -lll-l lll
sanskrit lesson 42
5/5
Zo. The fofher seIIs groin.
l'lll ll-l :ll7llll
The groin is being soId by fhe fofher.
l'l>ll ll-l :llll

Z7. The voIunfeer does fhe work.
=lll=l=l: =lll =llll
Work is being done by fhe voIunfeer.
=lll=l=l-l =lll l:lll

Z8. The voIunfeers do fhe work.
=lll=l=ll: =lll =l=ll-l
Work is being done by fhe voIunfeers.
=lll=l=l: =lll l:lll
1/1
2/2
sanskrit lesson 43.
1/3
Lesson 43. Possive Consfrucfions in ll l=ll

There seem fo be no need of insfrucfions since oII hove been given in Lesson
4Z. i musf osk you fo hove o Iook of some of our shIokos from fhe Shivo Devi
ond fhe 0uru Poojons where possive consfrucfions in ll l=ll ore quife
opporenf. Jusf reod fhrough i do nof expecf fhof fhe shIokos wiII be
compIefeIy cIeor. 8uf i do wonf you fo nofice how fhe some shIoko con be
used by ony person or by ony number of peopIe simpIy becouse fhe possive
voice hos been used ond fhe "by whom" hos nof been specified.

For recognifion OMLY.
Devi Poojon
:lll-l
lllFl=lllll-l l=llll -lll
l=ll=l-ll l=l-lll-l 'llll(lll-l

-ll-l
ll=ll-ll-lJllll7l llllQl-lll
l=llll-ll lll -ll-lll 'llll(lll-l

l-l
=l'lllll=ll =l'llll'll7l-llll=l
=llllll=l l-l l=ll 'llll(lll-l

ll-ll-l
ll-ll -ll=ll=ll*l7l=l'llll-ll-=ll-l
lljlll7ll*D=l l>l'l 'llll(lll-l

sanskrit lesson 43.
2/3
'lll-ll'l=l=l l-ll'l-l
:l:ll-lll=l-ll-ll-ll l--l-l-lll=l =ll-l
ll=l l-lll l=l 'lll 'l-lll

Shivo Poojon:
-l=ll
-l=ll 'l7ll'll l=l'llFl-l 'llll-=ll-l
-lllll'l'll=ll l(lll ll-lFll

ll-ll
-lll=llll: 'll: -ll-ll*l7l~l lll-l
-lll-5l llll -lll-ll *l l(lll-l

ll7ll
l-llll'l =lFl ll7ll5=l-l*l-l-l
lllFll=ll-lll *l l(lll-l =l'l-l=ll

'lll-ll'l=l=l l-ll'l-l
ll 'l -l' -ll>lll-l *l l=ll
ll=l l-lll =l 'lll 'l-ll

0uru Poojon:
-ll-l
l=lFll>l-ll lll lll-l-l=ll =l-l'l
l_l-lll l-ll-lll -ll-lll 'llll(lll-l

sanskrit lesson 43.
3/3
=l>l
-lllll*l>l'll*D:ll-lll(lllll
-l-ll_l-ll=ll=llll-l lFl=l l(lll-l

*l--l:lll
-ll=ll=lllll=l:ll-ll-lll ll'l-ll*l-l-l
l=ll'l-l-l ll' *l--l 'llll(lll-l

ll-llll7ll
ll=ll(l=lll=l:ll-l l'llll-lll
ll=l--ll=lllll=ll ll-ll 'llll(lll-l

Possive senfences con fhus be creofed in every fense ond mood. We couId
hove devofed fhe nexf fhree weeks fo fhe posf fense fhe fufure ond fhe
vidhiIin...buf if wiII onIy omounf fo on infeIIecfuoI exercise of sorfs. The
possive sfrucfure in fhe posf fense ond fhe vidhiIin con be done in o much
simpIer monner... ond 9,9 which is consfonfIy in use in conversofionoI
Sonskrif. This is done by fhe use of PorficipIes.
8uf before we gef info fhof we need fo Ieorn fhe noun decIensions of -ll
ond -ll=ll which wiII heIp us fo hondIe fhe "PorficipIe Lesson."
So nexf week... -ll ond -ll=ll
^^^^^^^^^
1/1
Lesson 43 A. Exercises wifh . Possive Consfrucfions in ll l=ll

TronsIofe firsf info fhe =lll ond fhen info fhe =l-ll7l . One hos been done
for you. ( Senfences I -o ond I0...imogine oddressing fhis fo ony one of
fhese: =l-l , -l=ll-l , -l=lll )
I. See fhe bird. ll 'lFl
Lef fhe bird be seen. ll: Flll-l
Z. Accepf fhis giff.
3. Eof fhe meoI.
4. Wrife fhe Ieffer.
b. Wrife fhe fwo Ieffers.
o. Wrife fhe mony Ieffers.
7. You reod fhe book. (use Jl-l M)
8. AII of you reod fhe book. (use Jl-l M)
9. The fwo of you reod fhe book. (use Jl-l M)
I0. Cook fhe food.
II. You drink fhe miIk.
IZ. (He ) Drink fhe miIk.
I3. (The fwo of fhem) Drink fhe miIk.
I4. (AII of fhem)Drink fhe miIk.
Ib. (I) 8eg for knowIedge.
Io. (The fwo of us )8eg for knowIedge.
I7. (AII of us) 8eg for knowIedge.
I8. (I ) See you.
I9. (You)See me.
Z0. 0ive me fhe book. (use Jl-l M) ( Mofe: fhe ofher vibhokfis in fhe
ocfive remoin fhe some in fhe possive. OnIy fhe objecf ond fhe subjecf
jump oround.)
ZI. (You) 0ive me fhe book.
ZZ. (He) 0ive me fhe book.
Z3. (They) 0ive me fhe book.
Z4. (AII of you) 0ive me fhe book.
Zb. (The fwo of fhem) 0ive me fhe book.
Zo. (The fwo of you) 0ive me fhe book.
1/5
Lesson 43 8. Answers fo Lesson 43A.

I. See fhe bird.
ll 'lFl
Lef fhe bird be seen.
ll: Flll-l

Z. Accepf fhis giff.
}l 3'll ll7l / l-7lll
Lef fhis giff be occepfed.
}'l: 3'll: l(lll-l

3. Eof fhe meoI.
-lll-l ll / lll
Lef fhe meoI be eofen.
-lll-l lllll-l

4. Wrife fhe Ieffer.
'l>l lll / llll
Lef fhe Ieffer be wriffen.
'l>l lllll-l

b. Wrife fhe fwo Ieffers.
'l>l lll / llll
Lef fhe fwo Ieffers be wriffen.
'l>l lllll-l

o. Wrife fhe mony Ieffers.
'l>lll7l lll / llll
Lef fhe mony Ieffers be wriffen.
'l>lll7l lll-ll-l
2/5
7. You reod fhe book.
=l Jl-l 'l
Lef fhe book be reod by you.
=lll Jl-l: 'llll-l

8. AII of you reod fhe book.
ll Jl-l 'll
Lef fhe book be reod by oII of you.
l'-lll-l: Jl-l: 'llll-l

9. The fwo of you reod fhe book.
l=ll Jl-l 'lll-l
Lef fhe book be reod by fwo of you.
l=ll-ll Jl-l: 'llll-l

I0. Cook fhe food.
-lll-l 'l*l / 'l*ll
Lef fhe food be cooked.
-lll-l 'l*lll-l

II. You drink fhe miIk.
=l l l'll
Lef fhe miIk be drunk by you.
=lll l 'lllll-l

IZ. (He ) Drink fhe miIk.
l: l l'lll
Lef fhe miIk be drunk by him.
l-l l 'lllll-l

3/5
I3. (The fwo of fhem) Drink fhe miIk.
ll l l'llll-l
Lef fhe miIk be drunk by fhe fwo of fhem.
ll-ll l 'lllll-l

I4. (AII of fhem) Drink fhe miIk.
l l l'll-l
Lef fhe miIk be drunk by oII of fhem.
l: l 'lllll-l

Ib. (I) 8eg for knowIedge.
:l l=lll ll*l
Lef knowIedge be begged for by me.
-lll l=lll ll*lll-l

Io. (The fwo of us ) 8eg for knowIedge.
:ll=ll l=lll ll*ll=l
Lef knowIedge be begged for by fhe fwo of us.
:ll=ll-ll l=lll ll*lll-l

I7. (AII of us ) 8eg for knowIedge.
=ll l=lll ll*ll=l
Lef knowIedge be begged for by oII of us.
:l-lll-l: l=lll ll*lll-l

I8. (I ) See you.
:l =ll 'lFlll-l
Lef you be seen by me.
-lll =l Fl=l

4/5
I9. (You) See me.
=l -ll 'lFl
Lef me be seen by you.
=lll :l Fl

Z0. 0ive me fhe book.
-l(l Jl-l ll
Lef me be given fhe book.
-l(l Jl-l: llll-l

ZI. (You) 0ive me fhe book.
=l -l(l Jl-l l
Lef me be given fhe book by you.
=lll -l(l Jl-l: llll-l

ZZ. (He) 0ive me fhe book.
l: -l(l Jl-l ll
Lef me be given fhe book by him.
l-l -l(l Jl-l: llll-l

Z3. (They) 0ive me fhe book.
l -l(l Jl-l l
Lef me be given fhe book by fhem.
l: -l(l Jl-l: llll-l

Z4. (AII of you) 0ive me fhe book.
ll -l(l Jl-l *l
Lef me be given fhe book by oII of you.
l'-lll-l: -l(l Jl-l: llll-l

5/5

Zb. (The fwo of fhem) 0ive me fhe book.
ll -l(l Jl-l *l
Lef me be given fhe book by fhe fwo of fhem.
ll-ll -l(l Jl-l: llll-l

Zo. (The fwo of you) 0ive me fhe book.
l=ll -l(l Jl-l *l-l
Lef me be given fhe book by fhe fwo of you.
l=ll-ll -l(l Jl-l: llll-l

1/1
Summing up Monfh 9.

8y fhe end of Monfh 9 you wouId know:
I. The fufure fense conjugofions in bofh P.P. ond A.P.
Z. The sfudy ond fhe consfrucfion of senfences in fhe Possive voice.
3. Possive voice senfence consfrucfions in bofh fhe Presenf fense ond
fhe Imperofive mood..

Much os our Iisf seems rofher finy we hove sfudied o very imporfonf oreo in
Sonskrif 0rommor. As you move over fhe nexf few weeks you wiII see whof i
meon. PIeose do gef in fouch wifh us if ever you feeI fhe need fo cIorify o
Ieorning poinf.
sanskrit lesson 44.
1/1
Lesson 44. Tokooronf words.

Here is o Iisf of l=lll-l words. To heIp you decIine fhem SuppIemenf 3o is
up on fhe sife foo.
MoscuIine ond feminine words fhof ore decIined in fhe some monner:
-ll wind M -l-ll king/ mounfoin M, l-l=ll doy M , -ll=ll The Lord M,
-l-ll Honumoon M -l=ll Thou M, lll river F, lll'll o young womon F, l=lll
Iighfening F.
Meufer words ore decIined Iike lll worId M......l=lll sky M ,ll big

There ore o few odjecfives Iike
-ll big/greof l7l=ll fuII of good quoIifies l-l=ll rich ll_-ll infeIIigenf
ll-ll infeIIigenf ll-ll rich/one wifh prosperify ouspiciousness efc :lll'-ll
Iong Iived one ond ofher odjecfives Iike l=lll how much ,ll fhis much
ll=ll os much ll=ll fhof much...... ore decIined Iike -ll=ll if MoscuIine Iike
lll if M ond Iike -ll if Feminine. The feminine forms wouId be -lll,
l7l=lll, l-l=lll, ll_-lll, ll-lll, ll-lll, :lll'-lll, l=llll, ,lll, ll=lll, ll=lll

The fhree forms -ll=ll lll ond -ll ore exfremeIy imporfonf. You need
fo memori;e fhem. PIeose do moke on offempf fo do so.

Two words fhof you wiII consfonfIy in your conversofion ore -l=ll-l ond -l=lll
They meon "you" buf ore fhe you forms of respecf os in fhe Hindi " :ll'l " or
fhe EngIish " Thou." Though fhey meon "you" fhey ore nof puf info fhe -ll-l
'l'l . Insfeod fhey foke fhe 'll-l'l'l ond you wiII be moking senfences
Iike....
-l=ll-l l*Dll -l=lll l*Dll -l=ll-l -ll =l lll -l=lll ll l'lll -l=ll-l
:ll*Dl -l=lll l'lll -l=ll-l 'll'lll -l=lll =lll =ll'lll

i hope fhof i hove been obIe fo puf fhof ideo ocross cIeorIy. Over fo fhe
exercises.
1/1
Lesson 44 A. Exercises wifh Tokooronf words.

TronsIofe using -l=ll
I. Are you o docfor7
Z. Whof is your nome7
3. AII of you pIeose sif down.
4. This book is being reod by you.
b. She wiII nof be ongry wifh you.
o. Does fhe feocher hove foifh in you7
7. I fhink fhof he is ofroid of you.
8. Who is Shekhor omongsf you7
9. He wiII feII you fomorrow.
I0. She sees you.

TronsIofe:
I. The rich mon is going fo fhe morkef wifh fhe infeIIigenf mon.
Z. Pomesh is going fo schooI wifh fhe Ones who hove good quoIifies.
3. The wofer of fhe river is cIeon.
4. The worId is beoufifuI.
b. The big buiIdings nome is "Loxmi Moroyon Sodon."
o. The greof river fIows fosf.
7. The cIever peopIes meefing is here in fhis oudiforium.
8. The big book is on fhe fobIe. ( Use bofh Jl-l M ond 'll=l M)
9. I wiII feII you o greof sfory.
I0. The HimoIoyos ore fhe greofesf omong fhe mounfoins in fhe worId.
1/2
Lesson 44 8 Answers fo Lesson 44 A.

TronsIofe using -l=ll

I. Are you o docfor7
-ll=l-l =ll: l=l-l
Z. Whof is your nome7
-l=ll: -ll-l l=l-l
3. AII of you pIeose sif down.
-l=l-l: =l'lll 3'll=lFl-l
4. This book is being reod by you.
}l 'll=l -l=lll 'lll
b. She wiII nof be ongry wifh you.
ll -l=ll -l =l'lll
o. Does fhe feocher hove foifh in you7
:lll'l=ll l=llll: -l=lll :lll l=l-l
7. I fhink fhof he is ofroid of you.
:l l*l-llll-l ll l: -l=ll: -ll-l :l-l-l=lll
8. Who is Shekhor omongsf you7
-l=ll =l: Fll:
9. He wiII feII you fomorrow.
l: -l=ll l: =lll'lll
I0. She sees you.
ll -l=l-l 'lFlll

TronsIofe:
I. The rich mon is going fo fhe morkef wifh fhe infeIIigenf mon.
l-l=ll-l ll_-lll l :ll'l7l l*Dll
Z. Pomesh is going fo schooI wifh fhe Ones who hove good quoIifies.
-lFl: l7l=ll: l 'llFllll l*Dll

2/2
3. The wofer of fhe river is cIeon.
lll: ll =l*D-l :lll
4. The worId is beoufifuI.
lll l--l :lll
b. The big buiIdings nome is "Loxmi Moroyon Sodon."
-ll: -l=l-ll -ll-l l-ll-llll7ll-l-l
o. The greof river fIows fosf.
-lll lll Fll'l =lll
7. The cIever peopIes meefing is here in fhis oudiforium.
ll_-lll l--ll-l-l :l>l }ll-l-l l-lll :lll
8. The big book is on fhe fobIe. ( Using bofh Jl-l M ond 'll=l M)
-ll 'll=l-l 3'lll=llll: 3'll / 3'lll=llll-l :lll
-ll-l Jl-l: 3'lll=llll: 3'll / 3'lll=llll-l :lll
9. I wiII feII you o greof sfory.
:l -l=ll -lll =lll =lll'lll-l
I0. The HimoIoyos ore fhe greofesf omong fhe mounfoins in fhe worId.
llll -l-ll l-lllll: -ll-l:
1/2
Lesson 44 C. Shri krishno Chorifom.

:l'll chiId. ( M...
yes neufer
genderl)
l=l + -l I. P.P. fo
sfop.
=lll*ll Once :l'-l
-l: -ll -l-l eighfh
lll chiIdhood
( M)
=ll I. P.P. fo go. ll-ll-l fhen of
fhof fime.

,-5lll socrifice
in honour of Lord
Indro. ( M)
3 + l (3_ )
I .A.P. fo Iiff up.

l--lllll -lFl 4. P.P. fo ruin.

=llll joiI ( M) l-l + ll'l o P.P. fo
puf info

lllll forrenfs
( M)
ll I. P.P. fo kiII

ll'l cowherd ( M) =l'l (=l'lll) I P.P.
fo shower

=l7l I0. U.P. fo
describe.

ll=l'7l*lll-l

:l-ll=l -llllll-ll l-l=l'7ll :llFll lll: -ll=ll-l ll=l'7l: l=l'll-l :lll=l l'll:
:lll ll=l7l-lll =l'7l'llll'-l: l=ll: ll=l'7ll l--lllll: l=lFl 'lll_:
=ll=l: ll l-l=l: =l=ll *l l-l-ll =ll: =l=ll=ll=ll =llll l-lll'lll lll: *l
l=lll7l :l'llll-l llll :ll: =ll=l: ll=l'7l ll=ll -llll ll=ll -l-l l l:
=llll lll lll-l7l ll'l: *l l ll=l'7l: l=ll=lll-l lll-l llll -l lFlll -l-:
*l ll=l'7l :lll=l l-l(ll:
ll=l'7ll *ll>l l=ll=lll: =lll: 'lll_l: ll-l =lll*ll ll'll: ,-5lll-l ,-5 'llll-l
-l ll-ll ll=l'7l: ll'll-l 3'llFlll ...ll'll-l, =l-l'lll'll-l, lll'll-l *l }=ll-ll=l
2/2
=ll=l-l ,ll ll: ll=l'7l=l*l-lll ll'll: ,-5lllll l=l-ll-l, ll=ll-l 'llll-l *l l-l
=l-5: =l'lll l: lllll: ll=ll =l'lll :lll=l'll 'lll7ll: ll'll: ll=l'7l Fl7l
=lll-l l-l l ll=ll-l *lllll-l =ll l-ll: :ll'l ll=l'7l: ll'l: l ll=ll-l-l
3_l l=l :ll'l ll'll: ll=l'7l: ,=l l-l =ll =ll'-l =ll ll=ll-l ll-l ll'll-ll l
ll=l'7ll llll-l -lFlll }=l ll=l'7l: }=ll-l*=l =lll*l7l-l }=l =lllll
}=ll=lll: l=l: ll=l'7l=lll: =l7lll-l ll ll=l'7l: 3=l': Flll=l:, l': -lll=l:,
'l-ll ll=l:, ll-ll-ll l=l:, *ll: lQ=l: *l ,ll
ll=l'7ll llll :llFl-ll ll=l-l-l 3'llFlll
sanskrit lesson 45.
Lesson 4b. The Sfudy of Acfive Posf PorficipIes.

Over fhe Iosf few monfhs our sfudy of nouns ond verbs hos broughf ouf o
very imporfonf poinf: A roof word con onIy be used in o senfence IF o suffix
hos been odded. A suffix 'lll
The 'lll is one which if odded fo o lll chonges fhe lll info o noun on
odjecfive or on indecIinobIe.
One of fhe 'lll s is coIIed fhe =l-l 'lll
You ore oIreody fomiIior wifh Z of fhe b =l-l 'lll fhough fhey hove so for
nof been infroduced os so. The =ll-l /ll-l ond l-l-l ovyoyos ore =l-l s.
Lefs oppoinf 'l os our guineo pig. Through fhe use of fhis dhoofu Iefs fry
ond undersfond how fhe porficipIe works. We con fhen oppIy if fo oII fhe
ofher dhoofus.
'l hos b. =l-l forms.
I. The =ll-l /ll-l .. 'll=ll , l'll 0erund
Z. The l-l-l.. 'lll-l Infinifive
3. The Posf PorficipIe bofh Acfive ond Possive.
4. The PofenfioI PorficipIe.
b. The Presenf PorficipIe bofh Acfive ond Possive.

Donf Ief fhese ferms score you. WeII concenfrofe on eoch one in furn ond
gef fhe boogeymon ouf of fhem.
You know Poinfs I ond Z. You oIso know fhe ocfive ond fhe possive senfence
consfrucfions ....now Iefs see how fhe use of Poinf 3 heIps us simpIify
senfence sfrucfures in fhe Posf fense. Firsf o quick recoII of whof we oIreody
know:
'l To reod/sfudy
l: :l'll He reod. (Posf fense ocfive)
l: 'll-l :l'll He reod o Iesson. (Posf fense ocfive)
l-l 'll: :l'lll A Iesson wos reod by him. (Posf fense possive)...pIeose
moke sure you hove undersfood fhe formofion of possive senfences before
you confinue ony furfher.
sanskrit lesson 45.
In fhe obove fhree senfences fhe dhoofu 'l is in fhe form of o verb. When
used os o porficipIe if becomes on odjecfive ond foIIows fhe noun in fhree
oreos... gender ll] number =l*l-l, ond decIension l=l-ll=ll
'l os o porficipIe fokes fhe roof posf porficipIe form: 'lll SuppIemenf
37. gives you fhe roof posf porficipIe forms of fhe dhoofu fo heIp you
furfher form fhe Acfive Posf PorficipIe AMD fhe Possive Posf PorficipIe. You
hove oIreody seen how fhe 0erund ond fhe Infinifive of fhof roof form is
formed.... 'll=ll, 'lll-l These forms ore ovyoyos. Lefs sfudy fhe posf
porficipIe in secfions:

The Acfive Posf PorficipIe:
The some roof form 'lll , is used os fhe The Acfive Posf PorficipIe AFTEP
fhe 'lll " =ll " or " =lll " is furfher odded fo if. The roof form for 'l os
fhe ocfive posf porficipIe becomes 'lll=ll MOW if is on odjecfive. If is
decIined in fhe fhree genders os o Tokooronf word.

M 'lll=ll decIined Iike -ll=ll
F 'lll=lll decIined Iike -ll
M 'lll=ll decIined Iike lll

So insfeod of soying l: :l'll , =l :l'l:, :l :l'l-l , i simpIy soy
l: 'lll=ll-l, =l 'lll=ll-l, :l 'lll=ll-l if oII of us ore men. Since l:, =l ond
:l ore oII 'll-ll=l-ll=ll, i hove fo use fhe some for fhe 'lll=ll which is
now on odjecfive.
If we ore deoIing wifh women if becomes: l: 'lll=lll, =l 'lll=lll, :l
'lll=lll
If fhere ore fwo men invoIved fhe senfences wouId become: ll/ lll=ll
'lll=l-ll l=ll 'lll=l-ll :ll=ll 'lll=l-ll
If fhere ore fwo women invoIved fhe senfences wouId become: l/ llll=l
'lll=lll l=ll 'lll=lll :ll=ll 'lll=lll
sanskrit lesson 45.
Mony men: l/ lll=ll: 'lll=l-l: l=ll 'lll=l-l: :ll=ll 'lll=l-l:
Mony women: llll=ll: 'lll=ll: l=ll 'lll=ll: :ll=ll 'lll=ll:
SuppIemenf 37. gives you fhe porficipIe roof forms of fhe dhoofu fo heIp you
form fhe Acfive Posf PorficipIe.
Lefs work on onIy fhe 'll-ll=l-ll=ll forms fhis week fo heIp buiId our
foundofion. A few exompIes ore given beIow:

I. The boy reod o book. lll=l: 'll=l 'lll=ll-l
Z. The girI reod o book. llll=ll 'll=l 'lll=lll
3. The feocher (M) foughf o Iesson. :lll'l=l: 'll 'llll=ll-l
4. The feocher (M) foughf o Iesson. :llll'l=ll 'll 'llll=lll
b. The fwo men sow o bird. -l-l'll ll '=l-ll
o. The fwo women sow o bird. -lll ll '=lll
7. The mony boys pIoyed wifh o boII. lll=ll: =l-=l-l :lll7l=l-l:
8. The mony girIs proyed fo fhe Lord. llll=ll: =l -ll=ll:

And wifh fhof you con wifh fhe heIp of SuppIemenf 37 fry ouf fhe
exercises in Lesson 4b A.

1/1
Lesson 4b A. Exercises wifh fhe Acfive Posf PorficipIe.

Mouns/Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives.
ll=lll-lll-l=l bus-sfop. M

'l-ll7l'l>l cerfificofe M

,-5*ll'l roinbow M

=l=ll speoker M

l=l:ll-l Science M

TronsIofe:
I. The priesf worshipped fhe Lord.
Z. The boy wenf.
3. The men sfood neor fhe bus-sfop.
4. The women wore sorees.
b. The voIunfeers did fhe work.
o. The fwo girIs wrofe fhe Iessons in fheir books.
7. The sfudenf obfoined fhe cerfificofe from fhe presidenf of fhe work-
pIoce.
8. When fhe mofher coIIed fhe boys gof up ond sof on fhe bed.
9. The mofher foId fhe doughfer o sfory.
I0. The fofher cIeoned fhe fIoor wifh o cIeon cIofh.
II. The fwo boys ofe fhe fruifs.
IZ. The fwo girIs ofe fhe bononos.
I3. The cIoud fhundered in onger during fhe roiny seoson.
I4. Sooriko song o song for fhe peopIe.
Ib. The mon sof under o free ond fhoughf.
Io. The girI gove o book fo fhe feocher.
I7. The peopIe sow fhe roinbow in fhe sky.
I8. The Pishi medifofed on fhe Lord in fhe morning.
I9. The cook cooked fhe meoI quickIy.
Z0. The sfudenfs sfudied before fhe exom.
ZI. The speoker spoke obouf Science.
ZZ. The fofher pIoced fhe books on fhe fobIe.
Z3. The peopIe Ioughed when fhey heord fhe speokers speech.
^^^^^^^^^^^^
1/1
Lesson 4b 8. Answers fo Lesson 4b A.

I. The priesf worshipped fhe Lord.
'llll: =l-l :ll*ll=ll-l
Z. The boy wenf.
lll=l: ll=ll-l
3. The men sfood neor fhe bus-sfop.
-ll: ll=lll-lll-l=ll l-ll'l lll=l-l:
4. The women wore sorees.
-llll: Flll=ll: ll=ll:
b. The voIunfeers did fhe work.
=lll=l=ll: =lll =ll=l-l:
=llll=l=ll: =lll =ll=ll:
o. The fwo girIs wrofe fhe Iessons in fheir books.
llll=l lll: 'll=lll: 'lll-l lllll=lll
7. The sfudenf obfoined fhe cerfificofe from fhe presidenf of fhe work-
pIoce.
Dl>l: =lllllll :lllll 'l-ll7l'l>l-l :ll'l=ll-l / 'll'l=ll-l
8. When fhe mofher coIIed fhe boys gof up ond sof on fhe bed.
ll -llll :lll=lll , ll lll=ll: 3lll=l-l: -l}l 3'll=l'=l-l: *l
9. The mofher foId fhe doughfer o sfory.
-llll 'l>l =lll =llll=lll
I0. The fofher cIeoned fhe fIoor wifh o cIeon cIofh.
l'lll ll =l*D-l =l>l7l lllll=ll-l
II. The fwo boys ofe fhe fruifs.
lll=ll 'llll-l llll=l-ll
IZ. The fwo girIs ofe fhe bononos.
llll=l =lll'llll-l llll=lll
I3. The cIoud fhundered in onger during fhe roiny seoson.
-l'l: =l'll=lll =ll'l-l llll=ll-l
I4. Sooriko song o song for fhe peopIe.
lll=ll l-l-l: lll lll=lll
2/2
Ib. The mon sof under o free ond fhoughf.
'l'l: =lll :ll: 3'll=l'=ll-l l*ll-ll=ll-l *l
Io. The girI gove o book fo fhe feocher.
llll=ll :lll'l=lll 'll=l *l=lll
I7. The peopIe sow fhe roinbow in fhe sky.
l-ll: :ll=llFl ,-5*ll'l '=l-l:
I8. The Pishi medifofed on fhe Lord in fhe morning.
>lzl'l: 'lll:=lll =l lll=ll-l
I9. The cook cooked fhe meoI quickIy.
l: -lll-l Fll'l 'l=ll=ll-l
Z0. The sfudenfs sfudied before fhe exom.
Dl>ll: 'llllll: 'll=l 'lll=l-l:
Dl>ll: 'llllll: 'll=l 'lll=ll:
ZI. The speoker spoke obouf Science.
=l=lll l=l:lll=l'll 3=ll=ll-l
ZZ. The fofher pIoced fhe books on fhe fobIe.
l'lll 3'lll=llll: 3'll 'll=lll-l lll'll=ll-l
Z3. The peopIe Ioughed when fhey heord fhe speokers speech.
ll l-ll: =l=ll: -ll'l7l ll=l-l: ll l lll=l-l:

1/2
Lesson 45 C. The foolish "wise man."

Nouns/Pronouns Verbs Avyayas Adjectives.
~~- N Boast

': mostly : - -

entire.
~ F fame

~~ having
accepted
:- -

those present
here
~ M pride

' to defeat :- -

those present
there.
' M
goatherd

~- having
saluted
,7 7: - 7 -
7
similar to that/
that kind
7 M fist

~ at that
moment
~,7:
7: - 7 -7
similar to what?/
what kind?
'- N
measurement

having
picked up
' :-
-
known
~ -
M/F/N
how much?

' :-
- spread

7
:- - handful

~
:- -
2/2
unrelated

'-
:-- insulted

: '7:

~ , ~- '7: '~- l: ~'7~' ~~-
~ l
7~ ~- ~- '': ~~- 7, 7- ': ,7:
~' -, +~: '7 - - l ' +~: ~7': :
~ - l '7 - -- : l : +~- -- ~
- '7- l - +~: '7 7 ' , ~
~ ~ ' +~ l
7' - '7: ~~ , : --- 7~ -~- l ~
: ' ''~- ~ ~- ': ~- l '7:
~ ' '7~- +:, +~: ~' '7: ~ `
' 7 l ~- '7: l
': ~~- '7: ~ l : : ~- 7
~~ '7 ''~- ~ ~~ ` l
'7: ~'- ~~- ~,7: ~: '7-: 7': ! '- ~- +~:
~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ 7~ ` l
'7~, 7 +~ ~~ 7 7~ l 7 ' - -
~,7: '7: +~- ! '7~- ': l
'-: '7: : '~- l - : ~~- '~~- l

***************
sanskrit lesson 46.
1/1
Lesson 4o. The Acfive Posf PorficipIe. Porf Z.

Peod OnIy Series.

We hove worked wifh fhe 'll-ll l=l-ll=ll of fhe Acfive Posf PorficipIe. Lefs
see how eIse if is used in fhe ofher vibhokfis.
MofuroIIy fhe Posf foIks obouf on ocfion fhof hos oIreody been done ond is
compIefe: I sow fhe boy who wenf.
How wouId i fronsIofe fhis7 Since fhe boy is fhe objecf here i use fhe l\llll
l=l-ll=ll . MofuroIIy i musf use fhe objecf form of fhe word ll=ll which is
ll=l-l , so fhof i moy ensure fhof fhe odjecfive mofches fhe noun.

:l-l :l'lFl ll=l-l lll=l-l
:l '=ll-l ll=l-l lll=l-l
:l '=lll ll=l-l lll=l-l

How does one fronsIofe senfences Iike: I sow fhe boy who hod been going7 I
sow fhe boy who wos going7 I sow fhe boy who hod gone7

Firsf of oII Iefs recoII fhe EngIish ferms of 0rommor.
I. 0one simpIe posf fense.
Z. Hos gone / Hod gone perfecf posf fense.
3. Wos going posf confinuous fense.
4. hod been going posf perfecf confinuous fense.

Mow fo gef bock fo fhe fopic on hond CIossicoI Sonskrif does nof hove
seporofe verbs for fhe obove four kinds of verbs. Confinuous ond perfecf
ocfions ore represenfed by fhe simpIe fense ifseIf.
For exompIe oII fhe obove posf ocfions ore fronsIofed in exocfIy fhe some
woy:
:l-l :l'lFl ll=l-l lll=l-l
:l '=ll-l ll=l-l lll=l-l
:l '=lll ll=l-l lll=l-l
sanskrit lesson 46.
2/2
If you remember our very firsf few Iessons: :l l*Dll-l is fronsIofed bofh
os " I om going" ond " I go."
l: 3'll=l'=lll lll=l-l l 'lll=ll-l He sfudied wifh fhe boy who wos siffing
/ He sfudied wifh fhe boy who hod been siffing / He sfudied wifh fhe boy
who sof./ He sfudied wifh fhe boy who hod sof.
3=ll=lll: lll=llll: -ll-l Fll-lll ShyomoIo is fhe nome of fhe wrifer who
wos foIking/ foIked /who hod been foIking/ hod foIked.

Mow Iefs hove o Iook of somefhing eIse:
I om foIking fo fhe girI who hos spoken.

The hos spoken" gives you fhe impression fhof fhe ocfion hos oIreody been
compIefed EVEM fhough fhe word " hos" is in fhe senfence. Therefore if is
fronsIofed os: :l-l 3=ll=lll llll=ll =lll-l
l: :ll7-l lll=l lll7l=ll-l He hif fhe boy who pIoyed.
ll lll=lll: llll=llll: -ll '=lll She sow fhe foce of fhe girI who
Ioughed.

You con weII imogine fhe forms fhe porficipIe wiII foke in fhe vorious
vibhokfis numbers ond genders.

Hoving undersfood fhof Iefs foke o Iook of how Sonskrif infIuenced by
ofher Ionguoges hos deveIoped over fime fo occommodofe fhe perfecf fense.
This is done wifh fhe heIp of fhe :ll lll ( We con deoI wifh fhe confinuous
ocfion onIy offer we hove done fhe Presenf PorficipIes.)

So effecfiveIy we MOW hove:
I. He sow o bird: l: ll '=ll-l
Z. He hod seen o bird: l: ll '=ll-l :lllll
3. He hos seen o bird: l: ll '=ll-l :lll
4. She ofe o fruif: ll 'll llll=lll
b. She hos eofen o fruif: ll 'll llll=lll :lll
o. She hod eofen o fruif: ll 'll llll=lll :lllll
sanskrit lesson 46.
3/3
7. I reod o book: :l Jl-l 'lll=lll / 'lll=ll-l
8. I hod reod o book: :l Jl-l 'lll=lll / 'lll=ll-l :lll-l
9. I hove reod o book: :l Jl-l 'lll=lll / 'lll=ll-l :ll-l

MofuroIIy fhese sfunfs ore possibIe by combining o verb wifh fhe porficipIe.
If wouId sound preposferous if i fried o :l Jl-l :l'l-l :ll-l or o :l Jl-l
'lll-l :lll-l
There is no need for exercises wifh fhis Iesson. When we ore fhrough wifh
our sfudy of porficipIes we con go over oII of if of one go ond fronsIofe on
enfire sfory fo see how fhey ore oII used. PIeose do go over fhe Iosf fhree
Iessons ogoin fhough. Then do wrife fo me if you find fhof fhe fopic needs
re-feoching.
^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 47.
1/1
Lesson 47. The sfudy of Possive Posf PorficipIes.

Trusf fhof you ore now comforfobIe wifh fhe Acfive Posf PorficipIes. ShoII
we do o quick recoII7
:l lll=l '=lll I sow fhe boy.
(PIeose nofe fhof in fhis Iesson i pIon fo hondIe jusf fhe porficipIes MOT fhe
verb forms...)
Mow Iefs firsf see how fhe possive sfrucfure reods:

The boy wos seen by me.

Here fhe =ll 'lll CAMMOT be used . Ifs presence suggesfs fhe posf fense
8UT in ACTIVE senfence consfrucfions.

If you recoII we odded fhe =ll 'lll fo fhe roof posf porficipIe form...o Iisf
of which is up in SuppIemenf 37....fo form fhe Acfive Posf PorficipIe. We use
fhe some roof form buf MOW odd o visorgo OP on :ll -ll>ll OP o -l fo denofe
M F ond M respecfiveIy.
The moscuIine forms wiII be decIined in oII fhe vibhokfis ond numbers os l-l
The feminine forms wiII be decIined in oII fhe vibhokfis ond numbers os
-llll
The neufer forms wiII be decIined in oII fhe vibhokfis ond numbers os =l-l
To moke if cIeorer....
ll becomes ll:, lll, ll-l
' becomes ': , 'l , '-l
THESE fhen become fhe possive posf porficipIe forms.
So i wouId fronsIofe "The boy wos seen by me" os
lll=l: -lll ':
Lefs onoIy;e fhis senfence o bif.
PecoII: In o possive senfence fhe objecf now foIIs info fhe 'll-ll l=l-ll=ll
The subjecf foIIs info fhe lllll l=l-ll=ll The verb MOW foIIows fhe "objecf
furned subjecf." Here fhe porficipIe "see" now hos fo foIIow fhe "objecf

sanskrit lesson 47.
2/2
furned subjecf." ( The porficipIe ocfs os o verb does if nof7 So if MUST
foIIow fhe some ruIes fhe verb does.)
Our Acfive senfence wouId hove given you o cIue fo whof gender "I" om.
'=lll is feminine. Mow in our Possive consfrucfion since fhe porficipIe
HAS fo foIIow fhe new subjecf if becomes moscuIine ond fhe senfence
reods: lll=l: -lll ': PIeose recoII fhof our porficipIes ore Iike odjecfives
ond con be M F or M.
Lefs hove o Iook of o few more senfences:

I wrofe on orficIe. :l ll lllll=lll / lllll=ll-l
An orficIe wos wriffen by me. -lll ll: lllll:

He wrofe o sfory. l: =lll lllll=ll-l
A sfory wos wriffen by him. l-l =lll llllll

She wrofe o poem. ll =ll=l lllll=lll
A poem wos wriffen by her. lll =ll=l lllll-l

Whof is fhe odvonfoge in using fhe posf possive porficipIe7
WeII since fhe porficipIe foIIows fhe subjecf if doesnf moffer who fhe
"ocfuoI" doer is..... fhof doer ALWAYS foIIs info fhe frufiyo vibhokfi ond hos
nofhing fo do wifh fhe porficipIe or fhe verb. Lefs Iook of onofher exompIe
fhis fime using fhe verb form oIong wifh fhe porficipIe fo see how much
eosier fhe porficipIe usoge is.

She ofe o fruif. ll 'll-l :llll
A fruif wos eofen by her. lll 'll-l :lllll Here we need fo remember fhe
A.P. forms of fhe posf fense . Why nof o very simpIe: lll 'll llll-l

I. He worshipped fhe Lord. l: =l-l :ll*ll=ll-l
The Lord wos worshipped by him. l-l =l: :ll*ll:

sanskrit lesson 47.
3/3
Z. She worshipped fhe Lord. ll =l-l :ll*ll=lll
The Lord wos worshipped by her. lll =l: :ll*ll:
3. He worshipped fhe Devi. l: =ll-l :ll*ll=ll-l
The Devi wos worshipped by him. l-l =ll :ll*lll
4. She worshipped fhe Devi. ll =ll-l :ll*ll=lll
The Devi wos worshipped by her. lll =ll :ll*lll

Whof hoppens fo o senfence Iike : "The mofher gove o book fo fhe girI7"
Here is how you wouId moke bofh Acfive ond Possive senfences:
:l-ll llll=lll Jl-l *l=lll
:l-lll llll=lll Jl-l: *l: OMLY fhe PPIMCIPAL objecf ond subjecf jump
vibhokfis.....fhe porficipIe nofuroIIy foIIows fhe "objecf furned subjecf" AMD
fhe resf of fhe words in fhe senfence remoin os fhey ore.
From fhe dwifiyo onwords fhese posf porficipIes foke on fhe form of simpIe
odjecfives in ocfive voice senfences. Here ore o few exompIes...... see how i
hove used fhe vorious fenses....
I. If is wriffen here.
:l>l lllll-l :lll
Z. I wiII pIoce fhe cIeoned vesseIs on fhe fobIe.
:l 'llllllll-l 'll>lll7l 3'lll=llll ll'lll'lll-l
3. The bIoomed Iofus wos whife.
l=l=llll =l-ll ll-l :lllll
4. He gove fhe groin fo fhe irrifofed brohmin.
l: =ll'llll ll(l7lll ll-l *l=ll-l / :ll*Dl

The exercises wiII deoI wifh converfing fhe ocfive info fhe possive. Lesson 47
C shouId heIp you see how fhe posf porficipIes in fhe resf of fhe vibhokfis
ore used.
HonesfIy wifh whof we hove done fhis monfh ifs been o gionf Ieop forword
in our undersfonding of Sonskrif. Mexf monfh wiII be jusf os enIighfening.
1/1
Lesson 47 A. Exercises wifh fhe Posf Possive PorficipIe.

TronsIofe fhe senfences firsf( use fhe Acfive Posf PorficipIe....for furfher
procfice you moy fry fhis exercise using fhe verb forms os weII) ond THEM
converf fhem info fhe possive voice using fhe Posf Possive PorficipIe.

I. I remember fhe sfory.
Z. SheeIo song o song.
3. kishore sow fhe free.
4. I received fhe news.
b. The sfudenfs (M) undersfood fhe Iessons.
o. The boys sow fhe movie.
7. The women cooked fhe meoI.
8. The men woshed fhe dishes.
9. The peopIe wofched feIevision.
I0. The girIs osked fhe feocher quesfions.
II. The weoIfhy mon gove fhe beggor o bog.

The nexf few senfences since we hove no specific subjecf in fhe Acfive
senfences ore besf fronsIofed OMLY in fhe possive...youII be surprised of
how simpIe fhese fronsIofions reoIIy ore.

IZ. Undersfood7 (my mosf fovourife one-worder....my sfudenfs heor if oII
fhe fime.)
I3. Peod fhe Iesson7
I4. Hos fhe newspoper orrived7
Ib. Eofen your meoI7
Io. Seen fhis movie7
I7. Hos fhe bus gone7
I8. Is fhe speech over7
I9. Is fhe poojo over7
Z0. Is fhe Iesson over7

^^^^^^^^^

1/1
Lesson 47 8. Answers fo Lesson 47 A.

I. I remember fhe sfory.
:l =lll -ll=ll-l / -ll=lll
The sfory wos remembered by me.
-lll =lll -lll

Z. SheeIo song o song.
Fllll lll lll=lll
A song wos sung by SheeIo.
Flllll lll lll-l

3. kishore sow fhe free.
l=lFll: =ll '=ll-l
The free wos seen by kishore.
l=lFll7l =ll: ':

4. I received fhe news.
:l =llll 'll'l=lll / 'll'l=ll-l
The news wos received by me.
-lll =llll 'll'll

b. The sfudenfs (M) undersfood fhe Iessons.
Dl>ll: 'lll-l :l=lll=l-l:
The Iessons wos undersfood by fhe sfudenfs.
Dl>l: 'lll: :l=llll: ( fhe porficipIe foIIows fhe "objecf furned
subjecf" in number gender ond vibhokfi.)

o. The boys sow fhe movie.
lll=ll: l*l>l'l '=l-l:
The movie wos seen by fhe boys.
lll=l: l*l>l'l '-l
2/2

7. The women cooked fhe meoI.
-llll: -lll-l 'l=ll=ll:
The meoI wos cooked by fhe women.
-lllll-l: -lll-l 'l=ll-l

8. The men woshed fhe dishes.
'l'll: 'll>lll7l 'llllll=l-l:
The dishes were woshed by fhe men.
'l'l: 'll>lll7l 'llllllll-l

9. The peopIe wofched feIevision.
l-ll: Fl-l '=l-l:
TeIevision wos wofched by fhe peopIe.
l-l: Fl-l '-l

I0. The girIs osked fhe feocher quesfions.
llll=ll: :lll'l=l 'lF-ll-l 'l'=ll:
Quesfions were osked by fhe girIs fo fhe feocher.
llll=lll-l: :lll'l=l 'lF-ll: 'l'l: ( fhe "principoI" objecf becomes fhe
subjecf... fhe ofher objecfs in fhe senfence do nof chonge.)

II. The weoIfhy mon gove fhe beggor o bog.
ll-l=l: ll*l=lll ll *l=ll-l
The beggor wos given o bog by fhe weoIfhy mon.
ll-l=l-l ll*l=lll ll: *l:

IZ. Undersfood7
:lll-l

3/3
I3. Peod fhe Iesson7
'll: 'lll:

I4. Hos fhe newspoper orrived7
=l*l'l>l-l :llll-l

Ib. Eofen your meoI7
-lll-l llll-l

Io. Seen fhis movie7
}ll l*l>l'l '-l

I7. Hos fhe bus gone7
ll=lll-l-l ll-l

I8. Is fhe speech over7
-ll'l7l l-ll'l-l

I9. Is fhe poojo over7
'lll l-ll'll

Z0. Is fhe Iesson over7
'll: l-ll'l:

^^^^^^^^^^^
1/2
Lesson 47 C. The injury marked potter.

Here is a story from the Panchatantra.

Nouns/Pronouns Verbs Avyayas Adjective/Participle
~ potter M
pot M
' side N

~ suddenly ~-
-: - -- -
involved in work
7 piece N
forehead N
+ wound M

:- -
that which is
there, present
~~ flow of
blood M

' :- -

fell
++ famine N
- respect M

:- -

emerged
envy F
~ cunning man M

'7- :- -

healed

~~ :- -

deceived

:- -

shamed

+(: ~: l

2/2
~ ~- ~: ~ l : '- - ~ l ~
~-: ~: ~ ' ' 7~ ': l : : +-:
+~ l 7~- 7- ~ - +: : l ~~: '
: l -- '~'- +: '7-: : l '- + ( ~
l
~- - 7 ++ l : -: - 7 ~-: l ~:
' ' - 7 ~- l ~' ~~: +~ l
: ~ +( ,7~ -~- -- 7': ~
~'': l 7 7~ +: : l
: : ~ - ~~, ~ -- '- '7 7 '
'7 l '- - ': 7 ~' '~ - l
~ -7 : 7 ' ~~- l :
-~- - --: ~'': : : ''l :
7 -- l
-- : 7~- ~ '7~- +: ~' ' !! ~- +~: 7~ +:
: l
~: ~~ ~~-
: ~'~- ~ !! +~: - +(- ~~: l
, ' +~- - 7 l +~- 7~ : 7 l +~- ~:
- ': -- +~- '- - l '~~ : 7
l
: ~: : ~~~- l

***********
1/1
Summing Up Monfh I0.

8y fhe end of Monfh I0 you wouId hove ochieved fhe foIIowing:

I. Leornf fhe l=lll-l words,.. you wiII be obIe fo speok fo ond refer fo
peopIe wifh fhe respecffuI -l=ll-l ond -l=lll
Z. Leornf how fo use fhe Acfive Posf PorficipIe. You wouId hove
recogni;ed fhe simpIicify of using fhese words insfeod of fhe AcfuoI
Posf fense verb forms.
3. Leornf fhe use of fhe Posf Possive PorficipIe. Agoin you wiII recogni;e
how simpIe fo use fhey ore.

Mexf monfh wiII be our firsf few Iessons in Sondhi. Trusf you wiII enjoy
fhose.

sanskrit lesson 48.
1/1
Lesson 48. Infroducfion fo Sondhi.

Ever fried fo soy 'lll ond }=l fogefher os FAST os your fongue wiII oIIow 7
Mo7 WeII fry if. Whof did you gef7 'll=l!!! My deors whof you hove jusf
done is o ll-l .
CIossicoI Sonskrif come up wifh Sondhi ond Somoos os o nofuroI deveIopmenf
of fhe spoken Ionguoge.
Sondhi brings words fogefher in fhe monner described obove.
Here is how Somoos emerged.......Whof wifh every word hoving fo be
vibhokfiofied before being used peopIe feIf fhof if roof words were puf
fogefher (wifhouf firsf odding fhe vibhokfi) fhe whoIe worrisome efforf of
hoving fo remember fhe vibhokfis couId ( oImosf buf nof quife) be dispensed
wifh. For exompIe insfeod of soying l-ll -llll for Poms brofher why nof
jusf soy l-l-llll
AIso fhey were sure fhof peopIe were smorf enough fo figure ouf fhe
resuIfonf new word. For exompIe i couId describe someones doe eyed
beoufy by simpIy soying -llll*l-ll insfeod of o Iong ond winding
-lll ll*l-l ,=l ll*l-l lll: ll
Do you see how simpIe if con reoIIy be7 The difficuIfy is in breoking fhe
Somoos ond Sondhi fo moke words of sense. THAT my deors requires
procfice ond we shoII begun righf now.
Sondhi ond Somoos ore HU0E fopics fo be covered oII in one go. So ifs
eosier on fhe broin our one ond onIy infeIIecfuoI focuIfy if we do o IiffIe bif
of o fime.

Lefs hondIe jusf o IiffIe Sondhi fodoy.
Sondhi is combining words orifhmeficoIIy. You foke fhe Iosf Ieffer of fhe
firsf word ond ADD if fo fhe firsf Ieffer of fhe nexf word fo form o singIe
word.
MofuroIIy fhe Ieffers moy be eifher voweIs =l s or consononfs =l\l-l s.
If you combine fwo sworos you hove o =lll-l:
If you combine fwo vyonjonos you hove o =ll-lll-l:
And if o visorgo is invoIved in fhe mofchmoking you hove o l=lllll-l:
sanskrit lesson 48.
2/2
Eoch sondhi is furfher divided info "sub" sondhis.
i wish fo hondIe onIy fhe =lll-l: in fhe nexf few Iessons. =ll-lll-l: con
be covered Iofer.

=lll-l:
Hove o Iook of fhe sworos:

: :l , , 3 \ } } :l :l i

Some of fhese ore pronounced wifh very IiffIe efforf. They foke obouf o
second fo be spoken oIoud. These ore coIIed (=l=ll: ond ore... :l, ,, 3, >lz
ond l
Those fhof need fwo seconds fo be pronounced ore coIIed l'l=ll: ond ore...
:ll, ,, 3, >lz , \ , } , } , :ll ond :ll
Somefimes if is required fo pronounce sworos fhree fimes Ionger fhon fhe
(=l=ll: ond fhey ore fhen coIIed 'll=ll:
These ore how fhey ore represenfed: :l, ,, 3, >lz, l, } , } ,
:ll ond :ll

You wiII now see how :ll is ocfuoIIy o Ionger pronunciofion of :l. In fhof
sense fhey become l=l7l .....Ieffers of fhe some kind/fype.
, ond , , ond 3 , ond , ond \ eoch poir is o l=l7l

Hoving undersfood fhis we ore in o posifion fo sfudy one form of =lll-l:
coIIed fhe =l7ll'lll-l:

sanskrit lesson 48.
3/3
I. =l7ll'lll-l:
These ore fhe ruIes fo foIIow:

Firsf word ending in Mexf word beginning wifh PesuIfs in
I.
:/:l
+
:/:l

:l
Z.
,/,
+
,/,

,
3.
/3
+
/3

3
4.
/
+
/

Mow Iefs work wifh exompIes ,

I. l-l + :ll: l-lll:
Do you remember fhof l-l is ocfuoIIy o l + :l + + -l + :l 0o bock fo
Lesson Z for o quick revision. The :l in l-l odds fo fhe :l in :ll: fo give
fhe :ll ond orrives of fhe finoI word l-lll:
=l + :l-l: =ll-l:
*l + :ll'l *lll'l
ll + :ll-l- ll-l-
l=lll + :lll l=lllll
=l + :llll =llll

Z. -ll-l + ,-5: -l-ll-5:
l + ,Fl: lFl:
l-ll + ,l ll-lll
-ll + ,-5: -ll-5:

3. SimiIorIy you wiII hove l + 3'lFl: l'lFl:

4. l'll + >lz7l-l l'll7l-l
ShoII we move onfo our exercises7
1/1
Lesson 48 A. Exercises wifh =l7ll'lll-l:

Do fhe Sondhi of fhe foIIowing:

I. Fl + :lll-l:
Z. !7l + :l-l-
3. ll + :l-l-
4. l-l + :lll
b. lll + ,Fl
o. ll + ,Fl
7. 'll=lll + ,ll
8. lll=ll + ,ll
9. -ll- + l
I0. -l + ll
II. l'll + 7l
IZ. -lll + l

Do fhe ll-ll=l*D :of fhe foIIowing. One hos been done for you:
llll: lll + ,l:

I. lll-5:
Z. llll-l
3. lll-l*l:
4. l-llll:
b. =l'llFl:

1/1

ll-l:

I. Fl + :lll-l: Flll-l:
Z. !7l + :l-l- =l'7ll-l-:
3. ll + :l-l- ll-l-:
4. l-l + :lll l-llll:
b. lll + ,Fl lllFl:
o. ll + ,Fl llFl:
7. 'll=lll + ,ll 'll=lllll
8. lll=ll + ,ll lll=llll
9. -ll- + l -ll-ll:
I0. -l + ll -llll:
II. l'll + 7l l'll7l:
IZ. -lll + l -lll=ll:

ll-ll=l*D :

I. lll-5: lll + ,-5:
Z. llll-l ll + :lll-l
3. lll-l*l: lll + :l-l*l:
4. l-llll: l-l + :llll:
b. =l'llFl: =ll'l + ,Fl:

1/1
Lesson 48 C. The pof of fIour.

There ore mony voriofions fo fhis Ponchofonfro sfory. im sure every counfry
hos o simiIor foIe fo feII....

l'l' fIour M l-'llll'llll wiII
coIIecf
:l=ll-l hoving
hung on
l5 poor
l-lll-l fo
wonder in seorch
of food. M
l-l-ll'lll'llll wiII
creofe
ll' os much os
is desired
l-ll copobIe of
-lll-l peg M :ll:ll'lll'llll wiII
commond

3l=ll invoIved
l-ll fomine M

'llll foIIen
Fll'l=lll7l One
hundred rupees.
M

-l-l desfroyed
:ll goof M

:lll-l o herd
of goofs M

l-l cow F

-ll'll buffoIo F

:ll horse M

ll-l knee M

'll'll sfrike
wifh fhe foof. M

l'l''l:
=ll-ll~ll -ll =l~l-l l5: ll(l7l: =llll -l l: l-lll-l ll=l-l =llll -l
=lll*ll l:l'l'-l 'l7l-l }=l 'l 'll'l=ll-l l 'l -lll-l :l=ll-l ll :ll:
3'll=lFl l: }=l'll 'l-l=l 'lFlll -l
2/2
}=ll l>ll l: l*ll-ll=ll-l ...ll Fl l-ll: -l=ll ll }ll Fll'l=ll7ll -ll
-l=ll ll :l-l }ll l=l:lll l-l l-l-l :ll\l :l'lll-l =llll-l l-l :lll-l: }=l
-ll=l'lll :l-l-l :lll-l l=l:lll l-l: :l'lll-l :l-l-l ll: l=l:lll -ll'll: , ll:
l=l:lll :lll-l *l :l'lll-l ll-l :ll'l l=l:lll ll' l-l l-'llll'lll-l ll l
l-l-ll'lll'lll-l ll =ll~ll ll(l7l: :lll-l 'l=lll =l=l-ll -l(l llll :l-l-l -l-l
'l>l: ll-l'lll =lFl-ll ,ll ll -ll-l=l7l =ll'lll-l ll l: ll-l-ll *llll l-ll:
-ll=l'lll ll :l :llFllllll 'll=l 'll'lll-l ll =lFl-ll ll-l-ll -l-l l-ll'l-l
:lll-l-l 3l=ll: -ll=l'lll ll l lll Jlll ll -lll-l :ll:ll'lll'lll-l ll ll -l-l
=l*l-l -l ll'lll ll :l =ll'l-l 'll'll7l ll 77ll'lll-l ,ll }=l l=ll*l-l l:
'll'll =ll=ll-l }=l l'l'-l 'l7l: 'l: 'llll:, -l-l: *l

sanskrit lesson 49.

1/1
Lesson 49. l7lll-l:

In fhis sub-secfion of =lll-l we find on oddifion of sworos fhof ore nof
l=l7l

I.
:/:l
+
,/,

}
Z.
:/:l
+
/

:ll
3.
:/:l
+
/

:l
4.
:/:l
+
l

:ll

Here ore exompIes for eoch of fhem:

I. =l + ,-5: =l-5:
Z. ll + 3l: llll:
3. l'l + >lzl'l: l'll'l:
4. l=l + l=ll: l=l=ll:

ShoII we fry our hond of l7lll-l: in Lesson 49 A7
1/1
Lesson 49 A. Exercises wifh l7lll-l:

Do fhe Sondhi for fhe foIIowing:

I. -ll + ,Fl
Z. -ll + ,Fl
3. -l + ,ll
4. -ll + ,l
b. l--ll + -l
o. l*D + 'll
7. ll + 'lFl
8. *l-5 + l
9. -ll + l!l
I0. lll + l!l
II. !7l + l
IZ. =l!ll +
I3. -llll + ll

Do fhe ll-ll=l*D :of fhe foIIowing.
3'l-5:
l=lll-l:
l(ll'l:
-lll:
l]l=l-l
*l-5ll:
l-l-lll-l:
-lFl:
l-l-5:
'l'll*l-l:

1/1
ll-l:
I. -ll + ,Fl -lFl:
Z. -ll + ,Fl -lFl:
3. -l + ,ll -lll
4. -ll + ,l -ll:
b. l--ll + -l l-l-ll=l-l
o. l*D + 'll l*Dl'll
7. ll + 'lFl lll'lFl:
8. *l-5 + l *l-5ll:
9. -ll + l!l -ll'l:
I0. lll + l!l lll'l:
II. !7l + l =l'7ll_:
IZ. =l!ll + =l'll:
I3. -llll + ll -lll=ll:

ll-ll=l*D :

I. 3'l-5: 3'l + ,-5:
Z. l=lll-l: l=l + 3l-l:
3. l(ll'l: l(ll + l!l
4. -lll: -ll + 3l:
b. l]l=l-l l]l + 3=l-l
o. *l-5ll: *l-5 + 3l:
7. l-l-lll-l: l-l-ll + 3l-l:
8. -lFl: -l + ,Fl:
9. l-l-5: l-l + ,-5:
I0. 'l'll*l-l: 'l'l + 3*l-l:

1/1
Lesson 49 C. The infeIIigenf sfudenf.

Mouns/ Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives/ PorficipIes
'l mud M

l-l=l*l heId bock
=ll' roin F

l=ll-l-l :llll come
Iofe
'l sfep M

'l' bock ( os in:
bock of fhe
body)M

:lll=l' greof
difficuIfy M

ll7lll_: Dl>l:

}=ll =ll~ll Dl>l: l=lllll l=ll-l-l :lll*Dl :lll'l=l: l-l :l'l*Dl ..l=l-ll =l
l=ll-l-l :llll: :lll ,ll Dl>l: 'll=ll ...:ll 'l-lll=lll -lll =ll': :l-l=ll
-lll l 'l-l :lllll ll :l-l }=l 'l-l :lJl :l-l=l ll \ 'll l-l=l*l: :l-l=l-l
,ll
:lll'l=l: :l=llll ...ll =l-l 'l=ll7l :l>l :llll: :lll ,ll Dl>l: 3=ll=ll-l :l
'l-l: l>l ll=ll l :ll*l-ll-l , }=l-l 3'lll l :lll=ll-l -lll 'llFllll 'lll 'l', l
'lll l -ll =ll-l :l-l-l 'l=ll7l :lll=l'-l :l>l :llll: :ll-l ,ll
}ll l=ll :lll'l=l: ll ll7ll_ll 'll:l: :l-l=ll l=l Dl>ll: *l 3**l: :ll-l

^^^^^^^^^^^^

sanskrit lesson 50.

1/1
Lesson b0. =ll_ll-l:

Here we go o sfep furfher. We odd @@ fo fhe l7l fo give us o =ll_

I.
@@
+
} / }

}
Z.
@@
+
:ll /:ll

:ll


I. }=l + }=l-l }=l=l-l
Z. ll + :ll-l: lll-l:

The exercises wifh fhe =ll_ll-l: ore in Lesson b0 A.

1/1
Lesson b0 A. Exercises wifh fhe =ll_ll-l:
ll-l:

I. :>l + Q!l
Z. 'lFl + Qll
3. l*D + Q>l
4. -l-!l + Ql-l
b. ll + Q=l
o. ll + :lll=lll
7. lll + Q=l
8. =l + :lll-l
9. ll + :ll*ll-l
I0. l + :l-l-l
II. -ll + }=l-l
IZ. =l'7l + :ll=l7l-l
I3. :ll + }=l

ll-ll=l*D :
I. l=lll-l
Z. l]l'l:
3. -l-ll'll-l
4. -lll-l
b. -lll=ll-l
o. l>l=ll
7. l=l
8. -l=l
9. '=lll
I0. l'=ll-l

1/1
Lesson b0 8. Answers fo Lesson b0 A.
ll-l:
I. :>l + Q!l :l>l'l:
Z. 'lFl + Qll 'lFlll
3. l*D + Q>l l*D=l>l
4. -l-!l + Ql-l -l-l'l=ll-l
b. ll + Q=l l=l
o. ll + :lll=lll llll=lll
7. lll + Q=l ll=l
8. =l + :lll-l =llll-l
9. ll + :ll*ll-l =lllll*ll-l
I0. l + :l-l-l ll-l-l
II. -ll + }=l-l -l=l-l
IZ. =l'7l + :ll=l7l-l =l'7ll=l7l-l
I3. :ll + }=l :ll=l

ll-ll=l*D :
I. l=lll-l l=l + }ll-l
Z. l]l'l: l]l + :ll'l:
3. -l-ll'll-l -l-l + :ll'll-l
4. -lll-l -ll + }ll-l
b. -lll=ll-l -ll + :lll=ll-l
o. l>l=ll l>l + }=ll
7. l=l ll + }=l
8. -l=l -l + }=l
9. '=lll '=ll + }ll
I0. l'=ll-l l' + }=ll-l

1/1
Lesson b0 C. The bIind mon.

=l hond M

l-lFll nighf F

-lll pofh M

'lll=l froveIer M

'llll-l benefif M

l'l Iomp M

:l-l ofher M

l'l'l7l occidenf M

:l-l: 'l'l:

=ll~ll :l-l: 'l'l: =lll: l'l =l77 *l l=ll l-lFlll-ll -lll l*Dll -l =ll~ll
'lll=l: l-l :l'l*Dl ...-ll: =l ll -l>ll-ll -l 'lFlll , ll =l-l 'llll-lll l'l l
=lll ,ll
:l-l: :lll*ll: :lllll l: 'll=ll }'l: l'l: :l-l-l: :lll -l-l =ll l -l :l
lllll-l -l =lll*ll -lll l l'l'l7l -l=ll ,ll l'l l =lll-l }ll l=ll 'lll=l:
-ll-l-l :lllll

**********
1/1
Summing Up Monfh II.

This is probobIy fhe shorfesf summing up yef:
8y fhe end of Monfh II you wiII know
I. Mosf of fhe Sworo Sondhi.

ToId you.

sanskrit lesson 51.

1/1

1/1
Lesson bI A. Exercises wifh fhe l7lll-l:
ll-l:
I. 'lll + :l
Z. :- + :l
3. ,ll + :ll
4. -lll + :lll
b. l'll + :l:ll
o. -l + :l
7. + :ll
8. :l-l + :l-l
9. + :lll-l
I0. l!oll-l + :l-l-l
II. :l'l + :ll
IZ. l + :lll

ll-ll=l*D:
I. lll'l
Z. l'l>lFl:
3. lll=l-l
4. -ll-l-l
b. =l>ll7l'lllll
o. ,ll'l
7. ll>lFl:
8. -l=ll:
9. :ll*l-l:
I0. 'll=lll-ll
II. ,llll'l:
IZ. -l=l=ll-ll
1/1
Lesson bI 8. Answers fo Lesson bI A.
ll-l:
I. 'lll + :l 'lll
Z. :- + :l :l-=ll:
3. ,ll + :ll ,lll
4. -lll + :lll -ll>llll:
b. l'll + :l:ll l'l>ll:ll
o. -l + :l -l=ll:
7. + :ll =lll
8. :l-l + :l-l :l-ll-l
9. + :lll-l =llll-l
I0. l!oll-l + :l-l-l =ll'l-ll-ll-l
II. :l'l + :ll :l'lll
IZ. l + :lll ll=lll:

ll-ll=l*D:
I. lll'l ll +:ll'l
Z. l'l>lFl: l'll +:lFl:
3. lll=l-l lll + ,-l
4. -ll-l-l -lll-l + :l-l
b. =l>ll7l'lllll =l>lll7l + 3'lllll
o. ,ll'l ,ll +:ll'l
7. ll>lFl: lll +:lFl:
8. -l=ll: -ll + :ll:
9. :ll*l-l: :lll + 3*l-l:
I0. 'll=lll-ll 'll=lll + :ll-ll
II. ,llll'l: ,ll + :llll'l:
IZ. -l=l=ll-ll -l=ll + :ll-ll
1/1
sanskrit lesson 52.
1/1
Lesson bZ. Yoonfovoonfoodesho-sondhi.

ll-l=ll-llFlll-l:

Firsf word Mexf word
ending in beginning wifh PesuIfs in
I.
}
foIIowed
by

ony sworo
} chonging fo
:ll
Z.
}
foIIowed
by

ony sworo
} chonging fo
:lll
3.
:ll
foIIowed
by

ony sworo
:ll chonging fo
:l=l
4.
:ll
foIIowed
by

ony sworo
:ll chonging fo
:ll=l

Then fhe chonged sworo of fhe firsf word gefs odded fo fhe sworo of fhe
nexf word A0AIM fo form o new Ieffer.


I. + }ll
+ :ll + }ll lll
Z. -l + :l=l:
-l + :lll + :l=l: -lll=l:
3. l=l'7ll + }ll
l=l'7l + :l=l + }ll l=l'7l=lll
4. 'll + :l=l:
'l + :ll=l + :l=l: 'll=l=l:

1/1
Lesson bZ A. Exercises wifh fhe ll-l=ll-llFlll-l:

Do fhe sondhi for fhe foIIowing:
I. }
Z. l-l ,-l
3. ll :lllFl
4. lll=ll :lllll
b. =l ,
o. =l 3'l=lFl-l-l
7. 'll ,*Dl
8. l\'ll=l :llll-l
9. =ll }ll
I0. -ll-ll ,
II. -ll 3ll
IZ. ll }=ll

ll-ll=l*D:

I. l=lll:
Z. llll=llll=l-ll
3. l-ll=l7l
4. 'llll*Dl
b. Dl>ll=l=lll=l-ll
1/1
Lesson bZ 8. Answers fo Iesson bZ A.

I. + } l
Z. l-l + ,-l l-llll-l
3. ll + :lllFl ll=lllFl
4. lll=ll + :lllll lll=ll=lllll
b. =l + , =llll
o. =l + 3'l=lFl-l-l =ll'l=lFl-l-l
7. 'll + ,*Dl 'llll*Dl
8. l\'ll=l + :llll-l l\'ll=llllll-l
9. =ll + }ll =ll=lll
I0. -ll-ll + , -ll-ll=l
II. -ll + 3ll -lll=lll
IZ. ll + }=ll ll=l=ll

ll-ll=l*D:

I. l=lll: ll + 3ll:
Z. llll=llll=l-ll llll + :llll=l-ll
3. l-ll=l7l l-l + 3=l7l
4. 'llll*Dl 'll + ,*Dl
b. Dl>ll=l=lll=l-ll Dl>ll + :l=lll=l-ll

1/1
Lesson bZ C. Pokshobondhonom.

Mouns/Pronouns Verbs Avyoyos Adjecfives/PorficipIes
ll=l7l-lll monfh
of JuIy- Augusf.
M
'l + ll I P.P. be
hoppy
-l-l indeed 'l*llll cusfomory.
'lll7l-ll fuII moon
F
l-l 9 P.P. fo fie
fo bind
ll indeed

3l=l fesfivoI M 3 + l I P.P. fo
Iiff fo upIiff

-lll=ll'll
coconuf M

lll , -ll=l
oceon M

lll sfrong
mighfy M/ M /F

lll-l-l-l

ll=l7l-llll 'lll7l-llll l=ll=lll: 3l=ll: -l=ll-l l l-ll: llll l-ll'l =lll-l l
lll -lll=ll'll: 'llll-l 'llll-l *l -ll=l 'lll l*D :l-l-l -ll=ll=lll-l,
ll l-ll_ *l l=l -lll7l :l-ll=l 'l=lll: ll=l: -l=ll ,ll }ll-l-l }=l l=ll
l=lll-lll=l: -l=lll }ll l-ll }=l lll-l-l-lll=l: -l=lll
-l-l }ll lll-l-l 'll ll=ll'l }=l 'l*llll-l :lllll }ll -l*=l 'llll7l=l=llll
}lllll=l=llll *l 'lll_-l
}ll-l-l l=ll -lll-ll l-ll: =l ll=l7l l-llll l-l }=l =lll...-ll-l ,=l l=ll:
-lll-ll: l l=ll-l: =ll-llll l'l *l :l-llll ll_: -l=l l=ll-l
l-lllll-l=ll-l 3_ }l-l ll=l7ll-l-l-l 'lll=l'l -ll=l :ll=lll: =ll=l-l ,ll
}=ll=ll -ll>l-ll l-l-l c -l=lll llll: lll-l l-l , l=l'll -l]l -l=ll
,ll*Dl-l ll -llllll: }l-l lll-l-l-l }'l: }=l ll }ll 3l=ll l=lFl'l:
sanskrit lesson 53.
1/1
Lesson b3. A 0Iimpse of Vyonjon Sondhi.

When consononfs join fhe joining bondwogon we gef whof you coII Vyonjon
Sondhi.....=ll-l ll-l: One of fhe mosf frequenfIy used sondhi is fhe
lF=lll-l We con do fhe resf of fhe =ll-l ll-l: of o Iofer dofe.

lF=lll-l { ) 0o by fhese ruIes:
If o word ends wifh fhe firsf =ll-l of fhe five =ll s ( fhof is : eifher , *l,
, l or 'l ) ond is fhe foIIowed by o word beginning wifh ony sworo fhen fhof
=ll-l of fhe firsf word gefs fronsformed info fhe fhird =ll-l of fhe some
=ll.
Thof is :
+ ony sworo becomes l
*l + ony sworo becomes l
+ ony sworo becomes C
l + ony sworo becomes
'l + ony sworo becomes l

Then if gefs odded fo fhe sworo of fhe nexf word ogoin fo form o new Ieffer.

Try fhe exercises in b3 A.
1/1
Lesson b3 A. Furfher exercises wifh Sondhi.

I. Do fhe sondhi of fhe foIIowing:

I. =ll + ,Fl
Z. l + :-l
3. :*l + :-l
4. ll + :l*ll
b. lll + ,Fl
o. ll + :l-ll
7. -ll + :l
8. 'l + :-l

Z. Wrife fhe presenf ond fhe posf fense 'll-l'!l Q=l*l-l forms of fhese
lll s + fhe uposorgos.
A good ideo wouId be fo go fhrough fhe uposorgo Iesson ogoin before you
offempf fo do fhis exercise.

This exercise wiII heIp you figure ouf how fhe sondhi ruIes ore oppIied wifh
fhe posf fense of o dhofu wifh on uposorgo .

Do remember fhe :l is odded fo fhe roof dhofu. Thof meons fhof you wiII
be odding uposorgo + :l + dhofu for fhe posf fense. One hos been done for
you.
( Try ond repeof fhe enfire lll'l fobIe fo yourseIf jusf fo heor whof fhe
words sound Iike....fhof wiII heIp you idenfify fhe words whenever you nexf
heor fhem.)
The Iisf is Iong buf for fhose of you who wouId Iike fo improve your
vocobuIory if is o freosure frovel

I. 'lll + =l ( fo repIy) 'lll=lll , 'll=ll ( 'lll +:l +=l )
Z. :- + *l ( fo imifofe)
3. :- + l'l ( fo repenf)
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4. l=l + ( fo wonder)
b. l-l + ( fo kiII)
o. :- + -ll ( fo cojoIe)
7. 'l + -ll ( fo weor fhe socred fhreod)
8. :l + -ll ( fo bring)
9. l-l + -ll (use if os 7ll decide)
I0. :l-l + -ll ( fo ocf)
II. 'll + -ll ( use if os 7ll fo wed.)
IZ. 'll + 'll (fo wonder)
I3. 'l +l-l + 'll (fo soIufe)
I4. :- + - -l=lll) fo experience.
Ib. + - fo rise
Io. 'll +- fo defeof
I7. 'll + -l-l fo moke o journey.
I8. l-l + -l-l fo be in o fix.
I9. :ll+ =ll fo Iive.
Z0. l=l + =l fo morry
ZI. l-l + =l fo mossoge.
ZZ. 'l + l llll sif ) fo be pIeosed.
Z3. l-l + -l -lll) fo recoII corefuIIy.
Z4. l=l + -l fo forgef.
Zb. :- + lll) fo imifofe.
Zo. :ll + fo foke possession.
Z7. :'l + fo ocf ogoinsf someone.
Z8. 'l + fo heIp
Z9. 'lll+ fo decorofe.
30. l-l +:l + fo remove.
3I. :=l + l-l ( fo undersfond)
3Z. + l-l fo rise.
33. :l + l-l fo come
3/3
34. 'l + l-l fo opprooch
3b. :- + l-l fo foIIow
3o. l-l + :l + l-l fo come fogefher.
37. l-l + l-l fo go owoy.
38. 'lll + l-l fo go fowords.
39. 'lll + :l + l-l fo refurn.

1/1
Lesson b3 8 Answers fo Lesson b3 A.

I. Do fhe sondhi of fhe foIIowing:

I. =ll + ,Fl =llllFl:
Z. l + :-l ll-l:
3. :*l + :-l :ll-l:
4. ll + :l*ll ll*ll:
b. lll + ,Fl lllFl:
o. ll + :l-ll ll-ll
7. -ll + :l -l
8. 'l + :-l ll-l:

Z. The presenf ond fhe posf fense 'll-l'!l Q=l*l-l forms of fhese
lll s + fhe uposorgos.

I. 'lll + =l ( fo repIy) 'lll=lll , 'll=ll ( 'lll +:l +=l )
Z. :- + *l ( fo imifofe) :l-l*lll , :l-=l*ll
3. :- + l'l ( fo repenf) :l-ll'lll , :l-=ll'll
4. l=l + ( fo wonder) l=lll , =ll
b. l-l + ( fo kiII) lll , l-ll
o. :- + -ll ( fo cojoIe) :l-l-llll , :l-=l-lll
7. 'l + -ll ( fo weor fhe socred fhreod) 3'l-llll , 3'll-lll
8. :l + -ll ( fo bring) :ll-llll , :ll-lll
9. l-l + -ll (use if os 7ll decide) l-l7llll , l-l7lll
I0. :l-l + -ll ( fo ocf) :ll-l-llll , :l-l-lll
II. 'll + -ll ( use if os 7ll fo wed.) 'll7llll , 'll-lll
IZ. 'll + 'll (fo wonder) 'll'llll , 'll'lll
I3. 'l +l-l + 'll (fo soIufe) 'll7l'llll , 'l7l'lll
2/2
I4. :- + - -l=lll) fo experience. :l-l-l=lll , :l-=l-l=ll
Ib. + - fo rise 3=lll , 3-l=ll
Io. 'll +- fo defeof 'll-l=lll , 'll-l=ll
I7. 'll + -l-l fo moke o journey. 'll-l-lll , 'll-l-ll
I8. l-l + -l-l fo be in o fix. l--l-lll , l-l-l-ll
I9. :ll+ =ll fo Iive. :lll=llll , :ll=lll
Z0. l=l + =l fo morry l=l=lll , =l=ll
ZI. l-l + =l fo mossoge. l=lll ,l-l=ll
ZZ. 'l + l llll sif ) fo be pIeosed. 'lllll , 'lllll
Z3. l-l + -l -lll) fo recoII corefuIIy. l-lll , l-l-ll
Z4. l=l + -l fo forgef. l=l-lll , =l-ll
Zb. :- + lll) fo imifofe. :l-l=llll , :l-=l=lll
Zo. :ll + fo foke possession. :lll=llll , :ll=lll
Z7. :'l + fo ocf ogoinsf someone. :l'l=llll , :l'll=lll
Z8. 'l + fo heIp 3'l=llll , 3'll=lll
Z9. 'lll+ fo decorofe. 'lll=llll , 'll=lll
30. l-l +:l + fo remove. l-ll=llll , l-ll=lll
3I. :=l + l-l ( fo undersfond) :l=ll*Dll , :l=lll*Dl
3Z. + l-l fo rise. 3l*Dll , 3l*Dl
33. :l + l-l fo come :lll*Dll , :lll*Dl
34. 'l + l-l fo opprooch 3'll*Dll , 3'lll*Dl
3b. :- + l-l fo foIIow :l-ll*Dll , :l-=ll*Dl
3o. l-l + :l + l-l fo come fogefher. l-lll*Dll l-lll*Dl
37. l-l + l-l fo go owoy. l-ll*Dll l-ll*Dl
38. 'lll + l-l fo go fowords. 'llll*Dll , 'lll*Dl
39. 'lll + :l + l-l fo refurn. 'llll*Dll, 'llll*Dl

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1/1
Summing Up Monfh IZ.

Who soid Monfh II hod fhe shorfesf Summing Up7 Monfh IZ does.

I. Some more Sondhis. Eosy foo. The difficuIf ones for much Iofer.
sanskrit lesson 54.
1/1
Lesson b4. This Iesson shouId be done by everyonel

AbsoIufeIy. Wifhouf o doubf. The use of fhe words which wiII be infroduced
in fodoys Iesson wiII open up myriod forms of expression.

PIeose foke o Iook of SuppIemenf 38. These words ore "foke-offs" fo fhe
l=lllllC . They express whof oughf fo be done 8UT in fhe possive
voice,.ond fhof foo onIy if you wish fo use fhe 'll-ll l=l-ll=ll. In fhe ofher
vibhokfis fhey ore used os odjecfives EVEM in fhe ocfive voice.
You moy use ony of fhe fhree opfions given in fhe suppIemenf.
Here ore o few exompIes,.

I. This work oughf fo be done. }ll =lll =l7lll-l / =ll=l-l / =lll-l
( l-l, :l-lll-l:, lll, -l=lll ,, if doesnf moffer by whom fhe
person/peopIe fhe work oughf fo be done by, i neednf be so specific. 8y
using fhe possive voice i hove soved myseIf fhe need fo remember fhe
miIIion forms of fhe l=lllllC fo go wifh eoch subjecf.)

Z. l: Fll=l: -l7lll: / -ll=l: / -lll: Thof shIoko oughf fo be
memori;ed/ remembered/ recoIIed. ( You neednf specify by whom.)

3. }'ll =lll: llll=ll: / ll-llll: / lll: These sfories oughf fo be
wriffen .

Do you see how fhese words foIIow fhe objecf furned subjecf in gender ond
number 7 How much simpIer fhon hoving fo soy ,for exompIe :
l =lll =ll: :l Fll=l -ll-l =l =lll lll:

If you find fhis confusing i suggesf you go over Lessons 4Z 43 44 4b 4o
ond 47. This shouId heIp you revise your possive voice consfrucfions ond heIp
you undersfond how fo work on fhis Iesson.

Lefs move oheod,.
How do we use fhe words in fhe ofher vibhokfis os odjecfives7

sanskrit lesson 54.
2/2
WeII
I. I do nomoskor fo my 0urudev Who oughf fo be worshipped( who is
worfhy of being worshipped.) :l 'll l=l -l-lll-l If you recoII :
since The 0uru is l-ll l=l*l-l ideoIIy fhe senfence shouId be: :l
'lll-l l=ll-l -l-lll-l
Z. PIoce fhose cIofhes fhof oughf fo be woshed in fhe bofhroom. lll-l
lllll=lll-l =l>lll7l -ll-ll ll'lll
3. These fruifs oughf fo be pIoced in fhe refrigerofor. }lll-l 'llll-l
Flll'll=llll ll'l-lllll-l
4. The priesf offers fhe wofer which is worfhy of being used for bofhing
fo fhe Lord Who is worfhy of being proised.
'llll: -ll-lll ll lll=lll =lll :l'llll

ShoII we fry ouf fhe exercises in Lesson b4 A 7

1/1
Lesson b4 A.

TronsIofe fhe foIIowing:
I. These Iessons oughf fo be sfudied for fhe exominofion.
Z. On 0uru Poornimo Doy fhe poojo of Vedo Vyos who is worfhy of
being soIufed is performed.
3. Thof news fhof is fhere in fhe newspoper oughf fo be forgoffen.
4. Yes fhof is possibIe.
b. 0o fo Your 0uru Who is worfhy of being served ond offer your
pronoms.
o. PIoce fhose eofobIes on fhe pIofe.
7. Look of fhof IoveIy scene which is worfhy of being seen.
8. Two beoufifuI songs hove been wriffen by her which ore worfhy of
being sung.
9. He oughf fo come fomorrow. ( Possive)
I0. Sonskrif oughf fo be foughf in every schooI.

1/1
Lesson b4 8.

TronsIofe fhe foIIowing:

I. These Iessons oughf fo be sfudied for fhe exominofion.
}l 'lll: 'llllll: =ll 'l-llll:

Z. On 0uru Poornimo Doy fhe poojo of Vedo Vyos who is worfhy of
being soIufed is performed.
l'll7l-lll=ll =l--llll =l=llll 'lll -l=lll

3. Thof news fhof is fhere in fhe newspoper oughf fo be forgoffen.
ll =llll l-ll*ll'l>l :lll ll l=l-l7llll

4. Yes fhof is possibIe.
:ll-l ll Fl=ll-l

b. 0o fo Your 0uru Who is worfhy of being served ond offer your
pronoms.
-l=ll-l -l=ll: ll=ll=ll-l l=lll-l 'llll*Dl 'l7ll-ll: :l'lll *l

o. PIoce fhose eofobIes on fhe pIofe.
lll-l lllll-l llll=llll ll'lll

7. Look of fhof IoveIy scene which is worfhy of being seen.
ll l- Fl 'lFll

8. Two beoufifuI songs hove been wriffen by her which ore worfhy of
being sung.
lll l- ll lll lllll l:

2/2
9. He oughf fo come fomorrow. ( Possive)
l-l l: :lll-l=l-l

I0. Sonskrif oughf fo be foughf in every schooI.
l=ll lFllll=l 'll=l l=lllll

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sanskrit lesson 55.
Shri Chitrapur Math

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Shri Chitrapur Math

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Shri Chitrapur Math

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Shri Chitrapur Math
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sanskrit lesson 61.
Shri Chitrapur Math

1
Lesson 61.
Swara Sandhi and Visarga Sandhi.
mJjmvO: / Jmi&mvO:

In my early days of enthusiastic Sanskrit studies, I picked up the
Panchatantra to 'improve' my language skills. One look at the text a long
never ending word that filled 25 lines (if I exaggerate, it is only for
effect.believe me, I do not lie. Ever.) and I figured that I had to get my
Sandhi rules firmly understood first.
Sandhi is the joining of two words into a single word. The last letter of a
word and the first letter of the adjoining word form one letter.
Sandhi-vicheda, mvOJso:, describes the process by which one letter
( whether single or cojoined) is broken to form two words. Part of the
broken letter remains as the last letter of the first word and part of the
letter forms the first letter of the next letter.
Over time I still find it easier to break words than to join them but here
are a few tips that have kept me in good stead either way:
1. Sandhis take place whenever there is a presence of a swara.a
vowel ; the presence of a consonant WITH a halanta ( for example
kd ); the presence of a visarga (for example k: )
2. Siren's on!! Trip up alert:
Whenever I see a , ~, 7, 7, , , , 7, ', , in a "more or less"
long word, my antennae go up. Chances are that I have a Sandhi staring at
me in the face. I always potter around these letters to help me decide
whether the occasion has presented itself to break two words.

The more I read, the more I was convinced that there were a trillion
sandhi rules to follow. But ever so slowly it began to filter in that
amongst those trillion rules a few are oft repeated and they are the only
ones that one need really remember to follow Sanskrit classical texts.
Buy a book that lists all sandhi rules so that you can refer to it if you
come across an occasional sandhi that I have not dealt with. But for all
practical purposes, these are enough. Lesson 61 will deal with 1) a revision
of swara sandhi rules plus a few more new ones AND 2) with visarga
sandhi rules. A tabular column works well for reference.
sanskrit lesson 61.
Shri Chitrapur Math

2
Swar Sandhi.

The name
of the
sandhi
The first word
should end in:
The second
word should
begin with:
Result
of the
sandhi
Example

-~
or or + :
=: l
~ +
=~ l
or or ~~ + -7:
= ~~-7: l
+ 7:
=7: l
or or +- + :
= +-: l
~~ + :
= ~~: l

-
-~
or or 7 + 7: =
7:l
+ 7: =
7: l
or or + =
l
+ =
: l
or or + ':
= ': l
or ~ + ~:
= ~~: l
sanskrit lesson 61.
Shri Chitrapur Math

3
~
-~
or 7 or 7 7 + 7~: =
~:l
~ + 7
=~ l
or or ' +
- =
'- l
+ '~
= '~ l
or
( ' a prefix )
or ' + 7
( to go, to
become
difficult ) =
'7 l
or
( ' a prefix)
' + ~:
= '~: l

-~
or
vowel that is
not an or
+ =
l
or
vowel that is
not an or

~ ~~ + =
~~~l
or
vowel that is
not an or

' + 7 =
'7

vowel that is
not
+ ~
= ~ l

' 7
any vowel
(except for
+ 7
sanskrit lesson 61.
Shri Chitrapur Math

4
-~ if the 7
ending is that
of a declined
noun.
= l
~- +
= ~- /
~-
7
any vowel
- + ~: =
-~: l
+ ' =
' /
' l

any vowel
(except for
if the
ending is that
of a declined
noun.
~ '+ -: =
'~-: l
+- +
= +-~ /
+-

any vowel

~ ' + ~: =
'~~:l
+ + ' =
+~' /
+ '

'~'
-~
A declined noun
ending in an 7
or an

instead
of
~~ +=
~~ l
~ + =
~ l

' ''
-~
a prefix ending in an

a conjugated
verb
beginning with
an 7 or an
is
elided.
~ + 7
=~ l
' +'
=''l
sanskrit lesson 61.
Shri Chitrapur Math

5

'~+~
-~
~- words ending
in , , 7
~- word
where its
first letter is
a vowel.

Sandhi
does not
take
place
~~ + 7
=~~ 7
+
=

Indeclinables
(~s) ending in an
an or an
vowel Sandhi
does not
take
place

+~-
7~ -
-

I came across very peculiar sandhis during the course of my study.
Unfortunately, I have not been able to find a rule in grammar texts that
authenticates such sandhis. However, I'll place them before you and if
you do come across references regarding this please let me know so that
I may share it with others.
1. Words that end in D/D and when combined with words beginning
with D/D have sometimes been written like this:
lL + DH = lLeH
l$ + DH =l$eH
l +D$= le$
2. The occurrence of two DJn s ( ee ) together tell you that
an D is present at that point.

sanskrit lesson 61.
Shri Chitrapur Math

6
Visarga Sandhi:
Before we do the Visarga Sandhi, it is important to have a table that
differentiates the soft consonants from the hard ones.

The shaded consonants are the ~-~-- - hard consonants.
The rest are -~-- - soft consonants.

The following table should be helpful

visarga preceded by followed by results in

any soft
consonant OR
coalesces into (for
a soft consonant)
OR (for an )
~: + ' = ~' l
An indeclinable
(~) ending in
an
any vowel OR any
soft consonant
except for
is replaced by
'-: + = '- l
'-: + 7 =
'- 7 l
An indeclinable
(~) ending in
an

visarga is dropped and
the becomes
'-: + = '- l
The vocative case,
~~-, of a
any vowel OR any
soft consonant
changes to
sanskrit lesson 61.
Shri Chitrapur Math

7
ending noun
': + ~- = '~- l

any vowel except

is elided
~: + ~ = ~ ~
l

any vowel OR any
soft consonant
is elided
~: + = ~
l
: + 7- =
7- l

any vowel except
,
any vowel OR any
soft consonant
except

changes into
-: + = - l
any short vowel
except

the short vowel
becomes long
+': + = +'
l
any vowel

, 7 ,
, ,
,
7 , ' ,
changes into
7 ,
' ,
l
7 , ' , l

~ , '
-: + ~ =
-~ l
'~ l
7':/
:

Any consonant or
vowel except for

elision of the visarga.
7 l
sanskrit lesson 61.
Shri Chitrapur Math

8

Name of
the
sandhi
visarga
preceded
by
followed
by
effect example
~ : -: + : = -:l
: ~: + = ~ l
: ~ ~ 7: + ~ = 7 ~ l
: 7: + - = 7 - l
: ~ ~ : + ~- = ~- l
: ~: + ' = ~' l
: + ' = ' l

- ~ : -: + = - l
: 7 : + ~ = 7~ l
: ~: + = ~ l

~ : +-: + = +- l
: 7: + - = 7- l
: -: + : = -: l

' : -: + 7 = -
7 l
: : + 7 = 7 l
: ~: + ~ = ~ ~ l
: -: + - = - - l
~: + 7- = ~
7- l
: ~: + 7- = ~ 7- l

sanskrit lesson 61A B C
Shri Chitrapur Math

1
Lesson 61 A B C
Faith in the Guru

I've dared to label this lesson 61 ABC because it incorporates a story and a
set of exercises for you as well. To make things easier, I've marked the
sandhis bold. Please try and break the sandhis.

-! l
Story contributed by Smt. Shilpa Mudur ( Borivli Sabha)

+7- - +III+IIII+III=I IIII: l IIIII -IIII7IIII I -I=I+III l
II+II5I-I: I-IIIII+III l ,7 7- ~~ ~ ~-
~ l -~ I=IIIII-I+IIIII-I+I III-I=I+II-I l II+II
=II-I FII+IIIII-I!II-I '- l ' 77, ~--, 7 ~~-:
l ' ~' , 7' -': l
=IIII+II-IIII=II=II-I +~ ~ j@=II ': l III5II+II+III
+I=I-II =III: l ~- =III-I I+III ~II=II+II -7 ~
=IIIIIIII l III+II=IIIIII+I: I-=II-II l II7III+I+I+II-I -
=I~IFII-II7BI - 7IIII+I ' : IFIDII-III l + -
=II~II-III~IDI I+II =I=I - l III~IIIIIIIII ~
--: ~-- ~- ~~- l- IIII ~'- l |IIII-II!II+I
+~T: : II II-III -: +II-II@III=IFII-I '~7: ~~ l
'- - ~ I=I=IIII: : ': l
III;II '~ l : II=I +: ~- I+I#I-IIIII l
I-II-IIIIII-I l ' --- ~ IIII=II5II -I j@: l ~ -
- 7 l - - l ~ - - `
7- - : - 7-: l : : ~~ - ~: l ~-
77 ~-- 7III+I I-I=I!III7BII 7III7BII, ' II+II+I=I-I l +I=III
I-IFII-I+II ~ '- ~- ' ~: l ~- ' ~I8IIIII
-II+II II l : 7- ~- l +I 3=II=II-I , IIIII
sanskrit lesson 61A B C
Shri Chitrapur Math

2
I=IIIII-I jFII8II -II+III l -- - ~~ - l
77- -: ~: ~~- ~ ' - l : |I+II + III -I
I-IIII!IIIIII l ~-- ~~ 8III+III l ' ~ - III;II
' l - ~' --
-IIIIIIII l 7 ~ FIFIIIIII -: l
=I!I5+I=IIII l - =I-I-IIIFIIII5+I=II l ~ ~' ~
~~~ l~~- ' II7II=I +II5I7I-III l 7-: 7-:
+I7I-I=IIIII-III l 7II+II =I!I+II5-I-I =I-II--IIII |I+II-I+I7BI
'~~ l II+II-I;II l
I;I7III-I+I ~- -- |I=IIII-II+III l ~- : '-
IIIIIIII |II=I@III=IFII=II +7-: : III II=II
~- - ~ l ,7 #IFI=I!IIIIIIII-I l 7~- - -
7~ I I- @:l ' =II~II-I-II=I: II~I=II +III IIII l
j@=II;I7III-II8I+IIIIIII ' l I-III+I 7+~ ~ l
: ~~- 7~ I=IIFI@I!III: ( special herb) -~- -
-~ l #IFI+II =I!I+II5-I-I ' l ' I+II II7III-I ~~-
+~- ''~ - l IIII+II+I '': +~- l : ~
-' +III-IIIII=II+III-II ~~ l ' - '' l +:
|II-II -I ~~: l ~' +~ '~7 ~I+II II l

sanskrit lesson 62.
Shri Chitrapur Math

1
Lesson 62.
The Alphabet
~-~:

A) Evolution of Sound.

As Sadhakas, let us introduce ourselves to the world of sounds.... 7~''~ l
The cause of the world of things....''~ .... is '. In the context of
sound, ' is 7~~- l The entire world is said to be born of 7~
7~'+~ l Evolution is the result of the self movement '-- of Shiva-
Shakti. The line of evolution is from the subtle to the gross. There are five
stages to the emanation of sound.
1. The first is ' which is absolutely supreme and subtle. This can best
be described as the storehouse from which inspirations would first
emerge.
2. The second is '7- which is less subtle but is still undifferentiated.
This would be the inspiration that would eventually give rise to a
thought or an idea.
3. The third is ~ which is grosser and undifferentiated, though not
articulate. This is actual thought process which goes into concretizing
the idea.... a plan of action.
4. Articulate sound is called ~ which further takes two forms: subtle
and gross. It is from that that all the letters ~, words ' and
sentences ~~ are manifested. The subtle forms of these letters are
the mantras. The gross takes the form of the language we use.
~: is that form of sound which cannot be broken up further into smaller
parts. It is therefore also called + l - + + l - or ~~-
sound .....can never be destroyed. That +, when it is in a written form
is called the ~: l Over a period of time both words have now become
interchangeable.
sanskrit lesson 62.
Shri Chitrapur Math

2
+ s, when put together to intelligently express thoughts and feelings is
called the ' l A group of ' s form a ~~ ; and ~~ s put together so that
another may understand what one wishes to express, then becomes language
+' l The Sanskrit script, is called ~- l

B) ~:
Let's go over the list of ~: again. The divisions that you see below have
been made by Panini and described in his 'Ashtadhyayi.' We need to study
this so that we are better able to understand how Panini worked at his
grammar.
~:
,, , , ( ~~:) are pronounced in one matra ( a measure of
time almost equal to one second )
, , , , , 7, 7, , (~:) are pronounced in two matras
, , , , , 7, 7, , ('~:) used when calling
out to someone and take more than two matras to be pronounced.

~: so named by Panini.
(-~)
: (~:)

(I've spent about a trillion hours trying to find a symbol that looks like two
smilies put together, one on top of the other, the top looking like a smile and
the one below looking like a frown in the place of the visargas for the four
alphabets listed below. Sorry. Don't have the software to create an image
even. But I'm sure you'll be able to figure out what I mean. If any of you
has; and can create an image, please will you send it to me at 'Queries' so
that I may replace these four visargas with those? )
: ~ : ((:)
: ' : ' ('~-:)

sanskrit lesson 62.
Shri Chitrapur Math

3
~- -
~~--

1 2 3 4 5
~ '-: (~~) ~ =
'-: (~) 7
'-: (~) 7 7
'-: (~) ~ -
' ' -: ('~) ' ' ~ +
(Secret revealed: It is good to remember the above 25 ~- - column-wise
too. For example ~ ' etc. )

~~- -
, , , ~ (-::)
7, ', , (':)
+
+ and are not included in Panini's work, who dealt with only the
language in use and not what is originally in the Vedas. But we shall keep
them in anyway.... just so that we do not forget them.

Your teacher will help you pronounce the ~:, ~:, and the ~-- l
I'll just supply a table that you can refer to. The beauty here is that this
classification works in various ways. It helps making and breaking sandhis,
writing out words with --~ s and understanding the relationships of
each "family group" ... how one letter can be substituted for another and
ideas like that. For example, you would have often seen both and It
also helps us understand why Parama Poojya Swamiji pronounces ~~
the way He does.

sanskrit lesson 62.
Shri Chitrapur Math

4
~: '- --~ --

~ =
~ (:) +
~ ~:

7
7
~:

7 7
'
~ ~-:

~ -

-: -:

' ' ~ +
'~-: (:' : ' )
( actually the two
smilies I've mentioned
earlier)
! !
= - -~ ~: - -~:
7 7 ~ ~~:
~! ~!
~ -! -!
(: (: ~ :)
( smilies again.)
( (:
-~: -~ -

sanskrit lesson 62.
Shri Chitrapur Math

5
+ is a ~: that has been given a position of equal standing in the ~
in the Vedas. Sanskrit grammar, whether modern or classical, visualizes it as
~ + ' and you will therefore find it in the dictionary in the ~ section.
However, we have retained all the ~: that are in the original ~ l

This has an important effect on pronunciations.
The ~ carries forward the sound of the letter just before it.
~: is pronounced ~, ~: is pronounced ~, ~: is pronounced ~
: is pronounced and so on and so forth.

When the ~ is followed by a ~, , ', or a ', the ~ is forcefully
expressed. Going by this, if the ~ were to be followed by +, which,
according to grammar a ~ ', the ~ should have been forcefully
expressed. But it is not. In this case, the ~ does what it is supposed to
do....it carries forward the sound of the letter just before it.

C) Maheshwar Sutras.

-

': '-: ~~~ '~-: l '-: '~' -~ ~~: -
l ~- ' -: ~ 7: ~~ l +-' -' -: '-: -:
' -: l
'-: ~~ -~: -- l ~~: : ~- ~'
'7 l ~- : -'~: +~ l
- '- - ~ : : ' -: ~ ~ ' ~ l
- ~- '': +~: 7 '- ~~- l' ~' '
-7: ~: ~+ ~+: ~- ~ l'~ '~ ~~ -
-~ l ~' - 7~ ' : 7~ 7 ~ l
'-: 7~ 7- ~ 7 l '~ -:
sanskrit lesson 62.
Shri Chitrapur Math

6
' ~~ '~7:l - - ~ ~- l 7-
~~ -- l
1.
2. ~
3. 7 =
4. 7
5. ~
6.
7. = -
8. +
9. 7 ~ '
10. ~ 7 7
11. ' 7 ~
12. ~ '
13. 7 '
14. l

Panini has based his entire grammatical work on these sutras. To avoid a
detailed recital of the letters, he used what is called the ' . It is very
much what you would see advertised in a shop window " A-Z available here."
Rather than list what he has, the shopkeeper, in his A-Z, has conveyed the
fact that he stores all that you need.
Similarly, when Panini wished to list only the ~: , he just said and no
more. Look at the sutras again. Which sutra has the ? The first. Which
sutra ends in ? The fourth. Ignore every ~ with the - . They are
called ~: and are only indicatory letters which disappear the minute
the purpose of indication has been fulfilled.
List all the letters that are in the four sutras and hey presto, you have a list
of all the ~: !
sanskrit lesson 62.
Shri Chitrapur Math

7
Let's take another example. 7 would be all the ~ s in the 3rd and 4th
column. Gottitt??
The peculiarity of the ' s is that they can start from any ~ l They
may begin with a ~ coming from the middle of the group, but they must
end with an ~:l
Panini then worked on 41 such ' s in his 7~. comes twice as an
~:l Whenever you have to choose the first, (1) will be written against
the ' . Whenever you have to choose the second, (2) will be written
against that '.Shall we try work with ' s as a home assignment?
Please refer to Lesson 62 A.

D) , ~, , ' changes.
You would have heard of - and it's relative - . It is apparent that
the and are connected. What has happened here is a ~ . It is often
difficult to remember these terms. , ~, , ' l So here is a
list you can refer to when foxed by sandhis. The idea is to see the
correlation amongst alphabets.

~

7 7

- - - - -
7 7 - -
~ 7 7 7

-~:
- ~

-~:
- - - - - ~ ~
' ~
***
Shri Chitrapur Math

1
Lesson 62 A B
Exercises with the Maheshwara-Sutrani
Worksheets

List all the JC&: in the lnj s below.
1. DCd (1)
2. Dkd
3. Fkd
4. Gkd
5. S*d
6. Dd
7. Fd
8. Sd
9. Sd
10. Dd
11. DCd (2)
12. FCd
13. Cd
14. Dcd
15. cd
16. _cd
17. *cd
18. _d
19. P<d
20. DMd
21. nMd
22. JMd
23. pMd
24. PMd
Shri Chitrapur Math

2
25. yMd
26. sJd
27. d
28. cd
29. Kd
30. d
31. jd
32. Pjd
33. Kjd
34. jd
35. Mjd
36. Dud
37. nud
38. Jud
39. jud
40. Pud
41. Mud

You do not need answers for this worksheet, do you? That's why the lesson
is named 62 A B.
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

1
Lesson 63
~-- -~:
Vyanjan Sandhi.

"Sandhi's not my cuppatea," was my refrain. till I realized that a sandhi
was exactly what I had done with both, 'Sandhi is' and a 'cup-pa-tea.'
O.K. so if it is such a common thing in speech, couldai find egzamples a
plenty? Butsurely you betcha bottondollar I could! Not only in English but in
every language as well.
Just have a look at this.
Shuddup = Shut up. ( Vocabulary of the Younger Generation, not mine.)
An example of 7- l
It's just that us Indians love to study and have therefore made a science of
something as natural as sandhi. What happens is that a student who studies
the science first becomes quite dizzy with all the information, so I have
here tried to provide the smelling salts.
It's not so bad.. I've survived and so will you. Let's tagjust one
stepatatime.
Is the combination of a consonant with another consonant, a vowel
To make ~-- -~: easy to memorize and recall at a later date, let's go
over how the consonants are classified again.

sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

2
The shaded consonants are the ~-~-- l The hard consonants.
The rest are -~-- l The soft consonants.
Please note that for our grammar study, we will work with the consonants
specified by Panini. Make sure that you are familiar with lesson 62. It will
help you tremendously.
Sandhi is a vast topic of study. Rather than do the whole lot, it seems
practical to just go over a few. (To give you an idea, we categorized sandhis
into 40 sections of which we plan to do just 9). The table given below gives
you examples of the ones you will see most often. Use it as a guide while you
are studying specific details of the sandhis given after the table on page 8
of this lesson. There are plenty of examples, especially from the Bhagavad
Gita, for you to work with.
~-- -~:

~

Name of the
sandhi
Effect Example
~

a
( : - :
)
/
in close
proximity
with 7 /
7
(
respectively)

Concrete
examples
- + =
- l
7 77 + 7 =
77 l
+
= l
+ -: =
-: l
- 7- +:
=7:
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

3
b
777
first four of a
~
followed by
7
7 optionally
converts into
7 and if it is
a /
converts into

concrete
examples
7 7 +
7: =
7:

- 7~
7-7 : /
in close
proximity
with ' /
'
(
respectively)

concrete
examples
' '' + '!: =
''!:
7 + ~
=7~
+ ~ =
~
' 7 ': + : = 7:
' 7 ~' + : =
~7:
' - ' ~' + -: =
~': l

sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

4
7~
a
7- l
This generally
happens
between two
different
words.
( all the
consonants minus
the
- -~~- -,
and ~ )
any ~ or a
~-
corresponding
7

Concrete
examples
~ ~~ + 7:
=~7:
+ -:
=-:
7 ' + --: =
'7--:
7 + =
7
+ 7:
=7:
~ 7- + ~- =
7--

b
7 7 l
This generally
happens in the
middle of the
word.

( all the
consonants minus
the
- -~~- -,
and ~ )
a ~-
corresponding
7

Concrete
examples
+ ~ ~~ + + ~: =
~~:l
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

5

~ ~ ~~ + ~: =
~:l

~
l

( all the
consonants minus
the
- -~~- -,
and ~ )
~ ~-
corresponding
( first five
of each ~: +
7 ' )

Concrete
examples
' + =
'
7 + = 7
+ + =+

'

~ is
replaced by

- - is replaced
by a nasal
l

concrete
examples
- + +:
= -+:l
- nasal l ~- + +
=~+

- -~-~:
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

6
a
--~
--~ ~ l

includes all
the consonants
excepting l
occurring at
the end of a '
followed by
a nasal ( ,
, = , , -
)
Is replaced by
its own
corresponding
nasal,
optionally.

Concrete
examples
- ~ + : -
~- : /
~ : l

b
' +'
-

' ending
in

is replaced by
its own
corresponding
nasal,
compulsorily

concrete
examples
'- -~: - -~: + =
-

' -~
No need for a
tabular note.
All details at
the end of
this Sandhi
chapter.

Reminders
~ + ~- =
~-
' ' + ' =
' ' l
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

7

-77~'7- - occurring at
the end of a '

followed by a
7~ (7
) and
then by an
(~: +
, ~
, +
- -~:l
is replaced by

concrete
examples
- / 7 7 / 7 - + =
/
- / ' / ' - + -
= !- /
!-
- / / - +
= /

'~: '7-
This rule does
not apply to '7-
-~: - +~ '7- + -
= '7- -l

sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

8
1) lJ mqvO:
a) (ml: v :)
and a ~ belonging to , in close proximity with 7 and a ~ belonging to
are replaced by 7 and a ~ belonging to l
Whenever there is a combination of or ~ (, , , ~, -) WITH
(either before or after) 7 or with the ~ ( , 7, , , ) the
changes into 7 and the ~ changes into its corresponding ~
( .that is respectively.) l
+ : = : l
+ -: = -: l
- + = l

Here are a few examples:

1. - ''7 '- -
7~7'-7 l
~' +~'-
' ~' ll -- ll

'--7~c7'-7
'- ld Mkcd Gld - M<Ccd -7 ( To figure out why 7 has
become 7 , look at the next sandhi 777 l)

2. 7- ~7- ~+7': l
p%lJ - +evp%lJc~7' ll '-- ll
ld %lJ - +: Dvld %lJcd ~7'

sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

9

3. '7 ~ --
~ ~ -: l
D&J--: 7
~'- ~ - ~ ~ ll --- ll
D&J = D&Jld

4. 7-Ymp%v- ~7' l
~-~'7--- ll -- - ll
DYmp%v- = DYmld %vld

b) MMse ~
Fully stated, : 7: 7: l Here, in this sutra, the : is drawn from a
previous sutra. If (first four of a ~ ) is followed by 7 then that 7 is
optionally replaced by 7 l
If the 7 is followed by , then if the ~ is a , it will be converted
into a ( : - : ) and then that is converted into a (
Refer to Sandhi No. 4 ). If it is a , then it is replaced by ( : -
: ) l
In + 7 , the changes to and the 7 changes to 7 OR remains 7 l
+ 7: = 7: l
+ 7~ = 7~ l

1. - ''7 '- -
7~7'-7 l
~' +~'-
' ~' ll -- ll
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

10

'--skcs<C-7
'- ld Mkcd Gld - M<Ccd -7
This could have been written as
'--MkcM<C-7
2. 7-+7-- ~7' l
~-~'lisqvl-- ll -- -ll
lisqvl = lild Mqvl

2) lJ mqvO:
7-7:
Fully stated, : 7-7: l Here, in this sutra, the : is drawn from a
previous sutra.
and a ~ belonging to , in close proximity with ' and a ~ belonging
are replaced by ' and a ~ belonging to l

Whenever there is a combination of or ~ ( , , , ~, - ) WITH
' or with the ~ ( , , 7, 7, ) the changes into ' and the ~
changes into its corresponding ~ l
+ '': = ''!: l
' + : = 7: l
~' + -: = ~': l
~' + -: = ~': l

sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

11
3) pMlJ mqvO:
a) Pub pMevl ~
Fully stated, ' - 7: l
Whenever there is a combination of ( all the consonants {minus the
- -~~- - }, and ~ ) WITH any ~ or a ~-, it changes
into its corresponding 7 ( the third ~ of each ~ ) l This happens only
if the sandhi taking place is between two different words. If the sandhi is in
the word itself then 7 7 is followed. (Basically it is the same sandhi
but given a different name.)

having the same place of utterance as ~ ~ ( ~ ) will be replaced with
that corresponding ~ l
7 having the same place of utterance as ~ ( ) will be replaced with
that corresponding ~l
' having the same place of utterance as ~ ( ~ ) will be replaced with
having the same place of utterance as ~ ( -: ) will be replaced by
~ + ~: = ~: l

1. - ''7 '- -
7~7'-7 l
~' +~'-
' ~' ll -- ll

'-7~7'-7
DHvld ld 7~ - 7' -7

sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

12
2. -' ' kll l
' - ~- ~ ~: ll '- ll
kll = kld ll

3. '7 kov-
c&Jol ~ -:l
~ --: 7
~'- ~ - ~ ~ ll --- ll
kovcd =kld Svcd
D&Jol =D&Jld Jol

4. ~' oMvm ppn< l
' ~- ~'~ coH&Ccd ll --' ll
oMvm =ld DMvm
ppn< = ld pn<
coH&Ccd = cld DH&Ccd

5. 7-+%vvb ~7' l
~-~'7--- ll -- - ll
%vvb = %vld Ovb

b) Pub pMd PM ~
Whenever there is a combination of (~-) WITH any 7
( ~- ) it changes into its corresponding 7 ( third consonant) l This
generally happens in the middle of the word.
~~ + ~: = ~:l
+ + ~: = ~~:l
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

13
4) lJ& mqvO:
Kj ~
Fully stated, ' l Here, in this sutra, the (first consonant of
each ~: + 7, ', ) is drawn from a previous sutra.
Whenever there is a combination of WITH a ~ ~-,
it changes into its corresponding l
' + = ' l

1. D&lHMl ~--
~ ~ -:l
~ --: 7
~'- ~ - ~ ~ ll --- ll

D&ld + HMl = D&lHMl l ( does not get converted into
because it is followed by a ~~- )

2. lkj< 7- ' l
Hmm ~- llk<J ' ll --' ll
lkj< =ld kj<
Hmm = ld lHmm
llk<J =lld k<J

3. 7-+7-- ~7' l
Ovlkc&Hu7--- ll -- - ll
Ovlkc&Hu = Ovld kc&Hu

sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

14
5) lu&
Fully stated, : ( '- ) ( ~ ' ) '~: l
A consonant of ~ followed by is replaced by one homogenous with the
latter - '~ - in this case, l
- +: - - +: l
~+~-~: - +~- ~: l
- is replaced by a nasal l
~+ 7- - ~- + l

1. 7 ~-' ~ - ~' l
uuYm -~', ~ - ~- l ( + ~- - )
uuYm =ld uYm

6) DvvmkmqvO:
a) --~ -- ~ ~ l
Fully stated, '- : --~ ' - -~: ~ l
includes all the consonants excepting l
occurring at the end of a ' followed by a nasal ( , , = , , - ) is
replaced by its own corresponding nasal, optionally.
~ : = ~- : / ~ : l
7- 7 ~' = 7 / 7 l
~ + -: = =-: / -: l
remains as it is, it has no corresponding nasal.
'- : - '-: l

sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

15
1. mcV ~ ukV : l
''+~ : ': ll --' ll
mcV = mcld v
ukV = ukld v

b) ' +' - ll ( ~~ )
The rule --~ --~ ~ is compulsory if the ' that is added
ends in l
~ + = ~- - of little value.

7) DvmJj mqvO:~
a) cevmJj:~
Fully stated, : -~: ' - ( is drawn from a previous ) - ,
at the end of a ' is :
1 ) replaced by an - ~ if it is followed by a consonant.
2) when it appears at the end of a ' or at the end of a sentence, it remains
as it is.

1. 7 ~-' ~ - ~' l
+ -~', ~ - ~- ll (+ ~- - -)
2. ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ '' l
~+ ~ '~~~ ~ ll ( - )

b) J Hovlm ~
At the end of a ', the -~ can be replaced by an --~ ~ which is
homogenous to the ~ which follows it.
~ ~' / ~' l -7 '7 / -7'7 l
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

16
c) vHovlm Pu ~
- and not at the end of a ' are replaced by an -~ when followed by
- 7 l

d) DvmJjm HjmJC&: ~
When -~ is followed by a ~ it is replaced by an --~ which is
homogenous to the latter. ': l ~: l ~ l ~- l

8) vMsJMvd ~ (Cracked it!!!! Here's why it is ~ and not ~~
!!!!)
- occurring at the end of a ' is replaced by if followed by a 7~ and
then by an l This rule does not apply to '7- ( an avyaya meaning
"tranquil") l ( Please have a look at the table for clear examples.)
--~: '~ ~ l
The ~ preceding is optionally nasalised.
- -~' -~:l
When it is not nasalised an -~ is added.

Thus
~- = ~ l -77~'7- l
= ~ l -- ~: '~ ~ l
or = ~ l --~'-~: l
This is replaced by the ~ and later by l Then the -~: rules are
followed to give
either a ~ l
or a ~ l
Similarly, +~- = +~
= +~ /+~
sanskrit lesson 63.
Shri Chitrapur Math

17
= +~ / +~ l
'~~ - '- ~~ ll - l
'7~ +' - '7~- ll -- l
But not in the case of '7- ! l

1. 7--~7~ %Job +' l
-ilmb --7 - '7: ll --l
%Job = %Jovd
Dilmb = Dilmvd
***
You may not require to know any more sandhis than the ones listed in this
lesson. If you do come across undecipherable ones, please write. We'll
respond to individual requests.

sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

1
Lesson 64.
-~:
Samas Vichar.

A long long time ago, everything that needed to be passed from
generation to generation was done in the form of verse. Verse was the only
means of ensuring that knowledge was protected. It may have been years
since we've left school, but who has forgotten 'Jack and Jill'? Prose, on the
other hand, has been relegated to the back alleys of our mind.

In the midst of all this poetic creativity, a natural problem reared its head.
Sanskrit is the only language in the classical world which makes use of 's.
The use of ' s helps every single word to have an identity and a meaning
of its very own. But fitting the word + ' into a metre in verse form was a
difficult task indeed. "What to do?" asked a poet. "No problem! Let's create
a shortcut," said another. And came into being. , was the
original SMS Short Message Service. Be proud guys, we created it!!!!!!

I kid you not. There does exist such a verb: does indeed mean
'I am creating a synopsis. or in our layman terms a shortcut.'
allows a person to string two words together to form one single word.
And "ishortcut ishtyle" the first word is written without an appropriate
'. For example instead of saying 7: ': I'd say ': and still make
complete sense.
Why does Devdas have to romance his love with a long drawn out, "You have
such a beautiful face just like the moon!" All he'd do is say " -7"
Devdas too, by the way, is a word. ~ : , ~: l The
difference between a -~: and a : would be that in the former, two
letters combine to form a single whole letter or a conjoined letter( either in
the middle of a word or between two words to form a single word) and in the
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

2
latter, two words are placed side by side (without the need for a -~: to
take place) to form a single word.

In a : , the ' is the compound word ~: l ~ is when you
break it up into its components.. ~ : l
Naturally, it is with time that you will figure out in which combinations these
work out, for example ~: would not be correct. And it is with time that
you will figure out which words can be made a of. For example, ~-'':
is allowed and NOT ~-''~- l Not to worry. In this case at least Time will
wait for the Sanskrit enthusiast!

Note:
This lesson is to help you figure out what words mean whenever you
come across them in your course of reading. You also now have the
wherewithal to form your own combination words intelligently.
Another thing to remember is that people are all made differently. Many a
time you will find that someone may have formed a in one way and you
may prefer another. Both may be correct. So just relax and enjoy learning
something new.

can be divided into 6 classes according to the sense that they convey
when dissolved.
- ' -~+~: l
'' ~~ - ~~ : ll

For our convenience, I have divided them into 9 groups. I have been better
able to retain the information with a wider classification like that.

sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

3
1. ~+~: A word which conveys a meaning, is a part of the
which, after the combination of the two words, becomes an ~l
For example:
add to indicate + 'lots of goodness.' = - :
lots of auspiciousness.
2. '': In this , the second word of the is given
importance. For example: ~: = ~ :l The first part of the
word is simply an apt description of the second. We are talking about
the : here and not the ~: l

3. ~~: In this , one word is an adjective of the other. It is a
part of the '':, but we shall list it separately for convenience's
sake. For example: - ' = - ' l

4. : In this , which is a part of the ~~:, the first word is a
number; how many in a collection of things. For example : '~~ =
'~- ~- : l

5. -: Be sure to look out for the between words in the ~: of
this :!!! For example: ~:/: = l

6. ~~: When two words are put together to imply something totally
different, ~~: is what you see. For example: -7: = -7:
: l Here, we are neither giving importance to the moon or to
the forehead but the Person who is adorned so: Shiva.

7. ~: is not really a different : l Whenever, two words
are put together and the ~+~ of the first word remains intact,
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

4
then : takes place. Depending on the : itself, it can be any
of the above : s. For example: ~!: = ~ : l

8. -: is not really a different : l Whenever you wish to
convey 'the absence' of something, this : is used. For example:
~-: = - ~-: l
9. '': see how the noun is described here.. +: = +
~ l
: is a vast topic. Sorry, I made a mistake, a VAST TOPIC. We need
to be practical about such things. We can't handle it all at this stage. Let's
go over a few details to help us decode what we may most often come across.
A tabular column will help.

1. ~+~: l
You will recognize the ~ +~: in words
1. Where the first part of the word is an ~ or a -' (-': are
particles which possess no gender and number and the case
termination after which is dropped or elided. For example : (
and others) and ': (' and others).
2. The second part of the word is a noun (7).
3. The combined word is an ~ and is -' 7~~- l
4. The combined word ' is different from the ~:, because the
conveys a ~ special meaning to the noun.

Addition of ~
to mean
' ~:

~ in, on ~
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

5
' closeness '~' ~' '
- or -
absence
-- -- +~:
- behind/
following
- '
' every '- - -
in that manner

7 no spelling
error here. There is no
visarga. All these
words are ~s
remember?
7-
with/
resembling
-~ -~- /-~
,7
beyond / upto

~~

( -7: )
~: ( ~,
~ '~ )
a life span ( !! )
~: outside ~ ~:
- near/ towards -~

towards the bank
' a) away from
(opposite of the
meaning in the
above row)
b) repetition
'~

'-
against the bank

- -
abundance,
prosperity
7 7 :
adversity,
poverty
~- ~-- ~:
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

6
destruction,
end of
:
inappropriate -7 -7 ' -
utterance of
sound
7~ '~7:
a) starting from
b) uptil
a) -
b)
a) --: +
b) '-

2. '': l

'': is that : wherein the first word-part's ~+~-' is
dropped. Depending on which ~+~-' that first part would have taken if
broken into it's ~:, the '': is given that particular name. For
example: '': l

Go over the short explanation of '': at the very beginning of this
lesson.

Note: The word '': itself will help you remember what : this
involves. '': = '': !!

sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

7

' ~:
'': 7: 7 :
:: : :
~': ~' :
'': '':
7~': 7~ ':
: :
+': + ':

~++ : ~++:
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

8

And that is the sole reason why you cannot have 77~- as a
'': l 7~- is a Present active participle and doesn't fit with the rules
stated above. Instead, you may have a 77: l Gottit?

'': ~: ~- :
7: 7- :
7~: 7~ :
7~: 7~- :
~-: ~ -:
7-7-: 7-- 7-:
,7: ,7:
': ' :
: :
~ - ~
~ ~-
'~: - '~:
+: + :
~-- ~- - -
~- ~~ ~- - ~~
~~~: ~ ~:
~7: ~7:
7~ 7~
7~ 7- ~
~-7+ ~-- 7+
~: - ~:
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

9
Note:
The compound + cannot be separated into ~ + l The ~: has
to be : + l
' ~:
'': ~7 ~7
' '
~+~ ~+ ~
:
for eg: ':

7
for eg: ~:
7
77~
for eg: ~
77~
+~: ++ ~:
~
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

10

' ~:
'~'': + +
~~+ : ~~ +:
~ +: ~ +:
7+: 7: +:
-: -:
~': ~ ':
~': ~ ':
''~: '' ~:
Exceptions
-~: -~ : (-~)

: : ()

~-~: ~ ~: (~)
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

11
' ~:
'!'': '': 7: '':
~'~: ~ '~:
+~: +~:
~: ~ :
~- ~' :
~: ~' 7~:
Exceptions
- '~: (~
':)

- ~- ( ':)

- : 7 ( ':)

- ~ ( ':)

- ~ ~~ (~
':)

- ~ ~~ (~)

- 7 ': (~ ':
added to ')
''': ~'~: ~ '~:
~'7: ~ '7:
~~~7: ~~ ~7:
7-': 7' -':
~': ~ ':
-: -:
-: -:
~: ~ :
'~~: '~~:
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

12
' ~:
' '' ': ': :
'': ': ':
: -:
'+: ': +
: ,: ~
-: -:
3. ~~: l
This one is really simple. Whenever two words, one which is an adjective of
the other, are combined, you have a ~~: l So you will have a
combination of a ~7' and a ~7', an '- and an ' l Since one is a
~7' of the other, naturally, when a ~: is formed, both the words will
be in the same ~+:l
You may see the words , ~, 7~, in the ~: to reinforce the
relationship between the two words.
meaning "beautiful/ good" and ~ (~) meaning "bad" are added to
words to form a ~~:l
Note:
Why has this particular : been called ~~:? Simple.
Let's look at an example -' l ' -~ ~ l - becomes
the object in the sentence.
Similarly, ~: l : ~ ' ~ l Alternatively it could be: ~: :
' ~ l If you look at the examples in the tabular column, you'll begin
to see how one of the words "becomes" the object of the other.
Even if that may not be an authentic explanation, why must we reject it if it
helps us remember what the ~~: is?!!
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

13

~~: ' ~:
~: - ~:
~'': ~': ':
-' - '
: :
~~ ~ ~ ~
-7 -7 ~
' ' ~
~ ~ ~
'': '': : ~
~': ~' (both are
adjectives)
-- ': - - ' (~
'- ~7's)
~ ~ (opposites)
~: : 7~ ~:
~~- ~ 7~ ~-
'~- ': 7~ ~-
~' ~: 7~ '
~- ~ -
~+: : ~+:
~': ~: ':
~ ~
'': 7+-: '':
-: 7+-: -:
~ 7+-
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

14

4. : l
with numbers!! Just the examples themselves will help you figure out
what is what!
: ' ~:
'~~ '~- ~ :
'~' '~- ' :
+~- +~-- :
/ - :
': '- ( :
-~ / -~ -~- :
~ ~- :
(~- ~ ~~
)
'~ '~- - :
(~- ~~
)
'~~ '~- ~- :
(~- ~ ~~
)
7~ 7- ~- :
': ' '
: : : '
'~~~-: '~ ~: ~- :
'~~ / '~~ '~- ~- :
(~- ~)
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

15

5. -: l
Just take a look at the examples. Easy.
Between every word, be sure to add the . A compound of two words will be
dual and a compound of more than two will be in the plural. A point to be
noted is that words beginning with a vowel and words ending in ~-
should come first.
' ~:

(~- words before
~-)
7~' 7 ~'
-7: / -7: -7
7~~7~ 7~ ~7~
'~- ' ~-
-77~-: - 77 ~-
' '
'' ' ' 7' :
~ ~ 7' :
~~~ ~~ ~ -: :
'' ' ' -: :
-: :
'' ' ' -: :
7~7': a part of the -: l

sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

16
When similar things are put together and the entire compound is described
by just one of the words, either in the dual or plural, 7~7': is seen.
' ~:

~+ ~+ ~+
' '
+ + ~
' '

+~-: +~- +~
~ ~

6. ~~:
Read our simple explanation again of this particular : (given at the
beginning of the lesson) then let's move on. You'll find either both the words
of the ~: in the same ~+: or they may be in different ~+:s.
Since we are talking about someone else altogether, you need to describe
the compound by adding a :, - :, : and the like.

In other cases you'll see compounds formed by a combination of with the
~+:l
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

17
Note:
The word ~~: itself means "a person who has plenty of rice". In other
words, a wealthy man. A long time ago, parents would give their daughter in
marriage to Mr. ~~:, who would have the capacity to look after their
child well. It won't be difficult now to connect this word to what the :
implies.
' ~:
same ~+:
''~: '' ~ :
7: () : 7~: - :
~+-: ~ +- - :
~~~ ~ ~~
~''' ~- '''
+ -
(++~:)
+- :
- () : -: :
'': (~+:) '- '- :
''' () - ''' :
'~T : '~ + :
+: + :
,7+: ,7 +: :

similarly : '~:,
7--:, --:,
:, ' -:

~'': (:) ~: '': - :

Different

sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

18
~+:s .
': ' :
7~: 7: ~ :
+-7: + -7: :
-7 : -7: :
~'~: ~' ~ :
~~: ~ ~: :
with ': / ': ' ~
( ' : )
~~: /
~~:
~~- ~
~~: ~ ~
~: - ~
7~: /
7:
7: : (~' is added
because no other rule is applied to
7 when forming the compound)
-~: /
-:
-: : (~' is added
because no other rule is applied to
- when forming the compound)
~' is also added
when the last
word is a ~-
in any gender, or
is an ~- or
~-
word
~~: : ~ : (~- ')
7~: 7 : (~- )
~~: ~ : (~- -')
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

19
-~~~: - ~~: : (~- )
'~~: '~ : (~- )

6. ~ :l
In cases where the ~+~ remains in the ' , ~ : is seen. It
can be any of the ones that we have studied in detail.
' ~:

~!: ~ : ''':
: : '~'':
:': : ': '!'':
7: 7: ''':
'' ' ' '':
-' - ' '':
~~: ~ ~: ~~~~~
~-: ~- : '':

8. -: l
Add an if it is followed by a ~- and an - if followed by a ~: l
' ~:

- : - -:
~-: - ~-:
-: - :
-- - -
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

20
~~: - ~~:
': - ':
- '~~: - '~~:
'-: / '- - '-:
': ~-: ': :
-': ~- ' :
'~: ~- ' :
': ~-: ' :
~: ~- ~ :
: - ~ : :
-' - ~ ' :
-: - :

9. '':
This is a : with ''s. Here the word '' stands for any noun.
' ~:

~+~: ~+ ~
-7~: -7 ~
-': - '7
'+ ' +=~

- 7~-
7~ / 7~: 7 ~
+'~ / +'~: +' ~
'~: ' ~
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

21
+: + ~
~7~: ~7 ~
+: + ~
~-: ~-
:
'7-:/ '7- '7 (-) -
l

Worksheets.
Just try and understand this:
+~, 7~:
7~ ~ +~~ '' l
'+~~ ' ~ ~: ll ll
) - + - + l ( - '' )
-) - ~~ - ~~ l ( - '' )
) ~: - ~: l ( ' '' )
-7 ~ ~~: l
''-~ - ~ ~+ : ll ll
) ~: ' - ~~: l ( ~~ )
-) ~+: - ~ , - - ~+ l ( '' )
'7~ ~ : l
~~' : ~ ~- ll ll
) l ( '' '' )
: : l ( '' )
-) ~ ~ - ~~ l ( ~~ )
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

22
~~ '- - ~ ~'- l ( '! '' )
~~'- : - ~~':, - ~~' l ( '! '' )
7 ~ +- : ~ 7~ l
- -: :: + ll ll
) ~ +: - ~+:, ' - ~+- l ( ~~ )
-) - ~ : - -: l ( ' ~~ )
) -: : : - -: l ( ' ~~ )
) : : l ( - )
: : : : : - :: l ( ~~ )
-7: ,7-: l
'-~ T~: ': ll ll
) ,7: -: - ,7-: l ( ~~ )
,7-: : - ,7-: l ( ~~ )
-) -: ~: - -~ l ( - )
' -~ - : - '-~: l ( ~~ )
~ ~ : l
''+~ : ': ll ' ll
) ': ': + : - ''+: l ( - )
''+: ~: : : - ''+~: l ( ~~ )
-'+: 7+ - ~: l
~+' T~: ': ll ll
) - ~ '+ - : - -'+: l ( ~~ )
-) ~ : - ~: l ( ~~ )
- ' - 7 - 7 - ~=+ l
sanskrit lesson 64.
Shri Chitrapur Math

23
7+7+' +~-: ': ll ' ll
) 7+ 7+ 7+7+ l ( - )
7+7+: ' : : - 7+7+' l ( ~~ )
: 7 -'-: l
7':' : ~~: ll ll
) -: '-: -'-, : - -'-: l ( - )
-) 7 ' : - 7': -, ' - 7':' l
( - )
) ~~ - : - ~~: l ( ~~ )
-- - -7 - ~- l
-~: +~- ' -: ll ll
) : : - : l ( ~~ )

***

Please do write in case you have any questions regarding this lesson. Hesitate
not and thy doubts shall be gone with the wind!

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