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Zener Diodes
Schottky Diodes
Photosensitive Diodes
Photosensitive Diodes
Photodiodes
The characteristics of a regular P- junction diode show that it is designed primarily for operation in the forward direction. Are used to allow current to flow in one direction while blocking current flow in the opposite direction. direction. A K
2.Zener Diodes:
The Zener diode is a heavily doped diode which, as a result of doping, has
Are specifically designed to operate under reverse breakdown conditions, have a higher resistance to current flow. flow. These diodes have a very accurate and specific reverse breakdown voltage voltage. . Does not obey Ohms law
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Schematic Symbol for a Zener Diode
Figure
shows
a zener
regulator
the circuit contains a series resistor, zener diode, load device, and a dc power supply.
The primary function of this circuit is to maintain the load voltage at a constant 15 V. With 25 V applied, current through RS will cause a voltage drop of 10 V.
The output voltage or VZ across the diode is therefore 15 V. An increase in the supply voltage to 30 V would simply cause the zener to conduct more current. The voltage drop across RS would therefore increase to 15 V. This in turn would cause VZ and the load voltage to remain at 15 V. A decrease in supply voltage to 20 V would cause a reduction in total current. The voltage drop across RS would now drop to only 5 V. The load voltage across the diode would continue to be 15 V.
This means that the regulated output will remain at 15 V for a change in supply voltage from 20 to 30 V. Voltage regulation is an important function of many electronic circuits today.
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3.Schottky Diodes:
These diodes are designed to have a very fast switching time which makes them a great diode for digital circuit applications. applications . They are very common in computers because of their ability to be switched on and off so quickly quickly. .
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Schematic Symbol for a Schottky Diode
4.Shockley Diodes: The Shockley diode is a four four-layer diode while other diodes are normally made with only two layers. layers. These types of
diodes are generally used to control the average power delivered to a load load. .
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5. Varactor Diodes:
Varactors have a very light dose of impurities near the junction. Moving away from the junction the impurity level increases. This type of construction produces a much steeper voltagecapacitance relationship. Varactor diodes are normally operated in the reverse bias direction. With an increase in reverse biasing the depletion region increases.
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5. Varactor Diodes:
A decrease in reverse bias voltage causes a corresponding increase in capacitance. In effect, the capacitance of a diode varies inversely with its bias voltage. Varactor diodes are used primarily in resonant circuits where some level of tuning or frequency control is desired.
Photosensitive Diodes
Photodiodes
Varactor Diodes
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LightLight -emitting diodes are semiconductor diodes which emit light when current passes through them them. . It contains a Pforward current
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What is an LED?
Light-emitting diode LightSemiconductor Has polarity
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Negative electrons move one way and positive holes move the other way
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The color of the light is determined by the fall of the electron and hence energy level of the photon
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1. 2. 3.
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Kinds of LEDs
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b. Photodiodes:
light. light .
While LEDs emit light, Photodiodes are sensitive to received They are constructed so their P-N junction can be
This device is designed for operation in the reverse bias direction. An external voltage source is
In Photoconductive mode the saturation current increases in proportion to the intensity of the received light. light. This type of diode is used in CD players players. .
c. Photovoltaic Cells:
When the P-N junction is exposed to a certain wavelength of light, the diode generates voltage and can be used as an energy source. source .
o outside source of electricity is needed to produce current. when light is applied, an interesting condition can be observed. Photocurrent (IPH) will flow in the circuit because of the photovoltage (VPH) that is developed across the junction.
c. Photovoltaic Cells:
Electrons move into the
concentration. Holes are likewise swept into the P material because of its negative-ion content This action causes the material to immediately take on a negative charge
and the P material to take on a positive charge. The P- junction therefore responds as a small voltage cell.