Mark Scheme (Results) January 2013

GCE Mathematics 6666 Core Mathematics 4

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January 2013 Publications Code UA034368 All the material in this publication is copyright Pearson Education Ltd 2013

General Marking Guidance

All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last. Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions. Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie. There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used appropriately. All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidates response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme. Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited. When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a candidates response, the team leader must be consulted. Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with an alternative response.

EDEXCEL GCE MATHEMATICS General Instructions for Marking

1. The total number of marks for the paper is 75. 2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of marks: M marks: method marks are awarded for knowing a method and attempting to apply it, unless otherwise indicated. A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M) marks have been earned. B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks) Marks should not be subdivided. In some instances, the mark distributions (e.g. M1, B1 and A1) printed on the candidates response may differ from the final mark scheme. 3. Abbreviations These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the mark schemes . bod benefit of doubt ft follow through the symbol will be used for correct ft cao correct answer only cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the question to obtain this mark isw ignore subsequent working awrt answers which round to SC: special case oe or equivalent (and appropriate) dep dependent indep independent dp decimal places sf significant figures or AG: The answer is printed on the paper dM1 denotes a method mark which is dependent upon the award of the previous method mark. ddM1 denotes a method mark which is dependent upon the award of the previous 2 method marks. dM1* denotes a method mark which is dependent upon the award of the M1* mark. 4. All A marks are correct answer only (cao.), unless shown, for example, as A1 ft to indicate that previous wrong working is to be followed through. After a misread however, the subsequent A marks affected are treated as A ft, but incorrect answers should never be awarded A marks.

Use of a formula Where a method involves using a formula that has been learnt, the advice given in recent examiners reports is that the formula should be quoted first. Normal marking procedure is as follows: Method mark for quoting a correct formula and attempting to use it, even if there are mistakes in the substitution of values. Where the formula is not quoted, the method mark can be gained by implication from correct working with values, but may be lost if there is any mistake in the working. Exact answers Examiners reports have emphasised that where, for example, an exact answer is asked for, or working with surds is clearly required, marks will normally be lost if the candidate resorts to using rounded decimals. Answers without working The rubric says that these may not gain full credit. Individual mark schemes will give details of what happens in particular cases. General policy is that if it could be done in your head, detailed working would not be required. Misreads A misread must be consistent for the whole question to be interpreted as such. These are not common. In clear cases, please deduct the first 2 A (or B) marks which would have been lost by following the scheme. (Note that 2 marks is the maximum misread penalty, but that misreads which alter the nature or difficulty of the question cannot be treated so generously and it will usually be necessary here to follow the scheme as written). Sometimes following the scheme as written is more generous to the candidate than applying the misread rule, so in this case use the scheme as written.

January 2013 6666 Core Mathematics C4 Mark Scheme

Question Number
3

Scheme

Marks
3

1.

3x 1 3x 3 (2 + 3 x) 3 = ( 2 ) 1 + = 1 + 2 8 2 ( 3)( 4) ( 3)( 4)(5) 1 = 1 + ( 3)(k x) + (k x) 2 + (k x)3 + ... 8 2! 3! 2 3 ( 3)( 4)(5) 3 x 1 3 x ( 3)( 4) 3 x = 1 + ( 3) + + + ... 2! 3! 8 2 2 2
= 1 9 27 2 135 3 1 x; + x x + ... 8 2 2 4 1 9 27 2 135 3 = x; + x x + ... 8 16 16 32

(2) 3 or

1 8

B1

see notes M1 A1

See notes below! A1; A1

[5] 5

B1: (2) 3 or

1 1 outside brackets or as constant term in the binomial expansion. 8 8

3

M1: Expands (... + kx )

to give any 2 terms out of 4 terms simplified or un-simplified,

( 3)( 4) ( 3)( 4) 2 2 ( k x ) or 1 + ...... + (k x) 2! 2! ( 3)( 4) ( 3)( 4)( 5) (k x)2 + (k x)3 where k 1 are ok for M1. or 2! 3! ( 3)( 4) ( 3)( 4)(5) A1: A correct simplified or un-simplified 1 + ( 3)(k x) + (k x) 2 + ( k x )3 2! 3! expansion with consistent ( k x ) where k 1 .

Eg:

1 + ( 3)(k x) or ( 3) ( k x ) +

2 3 1 3x ( 3)( 4) 3x ( 3)( 4)(5) 3x + Incorrect bracketing 1 + ( 3) + + ... 2 2! 2 3! 2 8

is M1A0

unless recovered. 1 9 A1: For x (simplified fractions) or also allow 0.125 0.5625 x. 8 16 1 9 9 27 2 135 3 Allow Special Case A1 for either SC: 1 x ; ... or SC: K 1 x + x x + ... 8 2 2 2 4 (where K can be 1 or omitted), with each term in the [.........] either a simplified fraction or a decimal.
A1: Accept only

27 2 135 3 11 7 x x or 1 x 2 4 x 3 or 1.6875 x 2 4.21875 x 3 16 32 16 32

1. ctd

2 3 1 ( 3)( 4)(5) 3 x 3 x ( 3)( 4) 3x + 1 + ( 3) + + ... where 8 2! 3! 2 2 2 3 3 1 9 27 2 135 3 k = and not and achieve + x+ x + x + ... will get B1M1A1A0A0. 2 2 8 16 16 32 Alternative method: Candidates can apply an alternative form of the binomial expansion. ( 3)( 4) 5 ( 3)( 4)(5) 6 (2 + 3 x) 3 = (2) 3 + ( 3)(2) 4 (3 x) + (2) (3 x) 2 + (2) (3 x)3 2! 3! 1 B1: or (2) 3 8 M1: Any two of four (un-simplified) terms correct. A1: All four (un-simplified) terms correct. 1 9 A1: x 8 16 27 2 135 3 A1: + x x 16 32 Note: The terms in C need to be evaluated, so 3C0 (2) 3 + 3C1 (2) 4 (3 x) + 3C2 (2) 5 (3 x) 2 + 3C3 (2) 6 (3 x)3 without further working is B0M0A0.

Candidates who write =

Question Number

Scheme

2. (a)

x ln x dx ,
1
3

du 1 u = ln x = dx x 2 dv = x 3 v = x = 1 2 2 x 2 dx

In the form
1 1 ln x 2 . 2 x x x

1 ln x 2 x2

1 1 . dx 2 x2 x

1 ln x simplified or un-simplified. A1 2x2

M1

1 1 . simplified or un-simplified. 2x2 x

A1

1 1 ln x + = 2 2 2 x

1
3

dx
1 1 x 2 . . 2 x x Correct answer, with/without + c

1 1 1 = 2 ln x + 2 {+ c} 2x 2 2x

dM1 A1
[5]

(b)

2 1 1 1 1 1 1 ln 2 ln1 2 ln x 2 = 2 2 2 4 x 1 4(2) 2(1) 4(1) 2 2 x 2(2)

Applies limits of 2 and 1 to their part (a) M1 answer and subtracts the correct way round. or equivalent. A1
[2] 7

3 1 = ln 2 16 8

or

1 3 1 ln 2 8 or ( 3 2ln 2 ) , etc, or awrt 0.1 16 16

(a)

M1: Integration by parts is applied in the form A1:

1 1 or equivalent. ln x 2 . 2 x x x

1 ln x simplified or un-simplified. 2x2

A1 :

1 1 . or equivalent. You can ignore the dx. 2x2 x

(b)

1 1 x 2 . . x2 x 1 1 1 1 1 x 2 x 2 A1: 2 ln x + 2 {+ c} or = 2 ln x 2 {+ c} or ln x {+ c} 2 2x 4x 4 2x 2 2x 1 2ln x or {+ c} or equivalent. 4 x2 You can ignore subsequent working after a correct stated answer. M1: Some evidence of applying limits of 2 and 1 to their part (a) answer and subtracts the correct way round. 1 ln ( 1 ) + 3 3 1 3 1 A1: Two term exact answer of either ln 2 or ln 2 8 or ( 3 2ln 2 ) or 4 16 8 16 16 16 or 0.1875 0.125ln 2. Also allow awrt 0.1. Also note the fraction terms must be combined. Note: Award the final A0 in part (b) for a candidate who achieves awrt 0.1 in part (b), when their answer to part (a) is incorrect.
dM1: Depends on the previous M1.

2. (b) ctd

Note: Decimal answer is 0.100856... in part (b).

Alternative Solution du = 3x 4 u = x 3 1 dx ln x dx , 3 x dv = ln x v = x ln x x dx 3 1 1 ln x dx = 3 ( x ln x x) ( x ln x x) 4 dx 3 x x x

1 1 ln x dx = 3 ( x ln x x) x3 x

3 dx x3

1 1 ln x dx = 3 ( x ln x x) dx 3 x x x3 where k 1 1 3 Any one of 3 ( x ln x x) or dx x x3 k

M1

1 ( x ln x x) x3 2 1 1 3 ln x dx = 3 ( x ln x x) + 3 2 x2 x x

{+ c} {+ c}

1 1 3 ln x dx = 3 ( x ln x x) 3 2x 4 x2 x = 1 1 ln x 2 {+ c} 2 2x 4x

3 dx and k = 2 A1 x3 1 3 x 2 . dM1 x 1 3 or equivalent 3 ( x ln x x) A1 2x 4 x2 with/without + c .

A1

Question Number 3.

Scheme
Method 1: Using one identity 9 x 2 + 20 x 10 B C A + + ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2) (3x 1) A=3

Marks

9 x + 20 x 10 A( x + 2)(3 x 1) + B (3 x 1) + C ( x + 2)
2

B1 Forming a correct identity. B1 Attempts to find the value of either one of their B or their C M1 from their identity. Correct values for their B and their C, which are A1 found using a correct identity.

their constant term = 3

Either

x2 : 9 = 3 A ,

x : 20 = 5 A + 3B + C

constant: 10 = 2 A B + 2C

or x = 2 36 40 10 = 7 B 14 = 7 B B = 2
x= 1 20 7 7 7 1+ 10 = C = C C = 1 3 3 3 3 3

[4]
Method 2: Long Division 9 x 2 + 20 x 10 5x 4 3+ ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2)(3x 1) 5x 4 B C + So, ( x + 2)(3 x 1) ( x + 2) (3 x 1)

their constant term = 3

B1

5 x 4 B(3x 1) + C ( x + 2)
Either x : 5 = 3B + C , constant: 4 = B + 2C or x = 2 10 4 = 7 B 14 = 7 B B = 2
1 5 7 7 7 x = 4 = C = C C = 1 3 3 3 3 3

Forming a correct identity. B1 Attempts to find the value of either one of their B or their C M1 from their identity. Correct values for their B and their C, which are found using A1 5 x 4 B (3 x 1) + C ( x + 2)

So,

9 x 2 + 20 x 10 2 1 3 + ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2) (3x 1)

[4]
4

1st B1: Their constant term must be equal to 3 for this mark. 2nd B1 (M1 on epen): Forming a correct identity. This can be implied by later working. M1 (A1 on epen): Attempts to find the value of either one of their B or their C from their identity. This can be achieved by either substituting values into their identity or comparing coefficients and solving the resulting equations simultaneously. A1: Correct values for their B and their C, which are found using a correct identity. 9 x 2 + 20 x 10 A B Note : + , leading to 9 x 2 + 20 x 10 A(3 x 1) + B ( x + 2) , leading to ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2) (3x 1) A = 2 and B = 1 will gain a maximum of B0B0M1A0

3. ctd

Note: You can imply the 2nd B1 from either

9 x 2 + 20 x 10 A( x + 2)(3x 1) + B (3 x 1) + C ( x + 2) ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2)(3 x 1)

or

5x 4 B (3x 1) + C ( x + 2) ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2)(3 x 1)

Alternative Method 1: Initially dividing by (x + 2)

9 x 2 + 20 x 10 9x + 2 14 "( x + 2)"(3x 1) (3 x 1) ( x + 2)(3 x 1)

3+ 5 14 (3 x 1) ( x + 2)(3 x 1)

B1: their constant term = 3

So,

14 B C + ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2) (3x 1)

14 B(3x 1) + C ( x + 2)
B = 2, C = 6 So, and 9 x 2 + 20 x 10 5 2 6 3+ + ( x + 2)(3 x 1) (3x 1) ( x + 2) (3 x 1) 9 x 2 + 20 x 10 2 1 3 + ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2) (3x 1)

B1: Forming a correct identity. M1: Attempts to find either one of their B or their C from their identity.

A1: Correct answer in partial fractions.

Alternative Method 2: Initially dividing by (3x - 1)

7 9 x 2 + 20 x 10 3x + 23 3 3 ( x + 2)"(3x 1)" ( x + 2) ( x + 2)(3 x 1)

3+ So,

5 3

( x + 2)

7 3

( x + 2)(3x 1)

B1: their constant term = 3

7 B C 3 + ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2) (3x 1)

7 3 B (3 x 1) + C ( x + 2)

B1: Forming a correct identity.

1 M1: Attempts to find either one of their B or their C B = , C = 1 from their identity. 3 2 5 1 9 x + 20 x 10 1 3 3 So, 3+ + ( x + 2)(3 x 1) ( x + 2) ( x + 2) (3 x 1)

and

9 x 2 + 20 x 10 2 1 3 + ( x + 2)(3x 1) ( x + 2) (3x 1)

A1: Correct answer in partial fractions.

Question Number 4. (a) (b)

Scheme 1.0981
1 Area 1 ; 0.5 + 2 ( 0.8284 + their 1.0981) + 1.3333 2 1 = 5.6863 = 2.84315 = 2.843 (3 dp) 2

Marks B1 cao

[1]
B1; M1 2.843 or awrt 2.843 A1

[3]
(c) u 1 = x {u = 1 + x} d dx 2 x dx = 1+ x
= 2
1 2

or

dx = 2(u 1) du

B1

(u 1) 2 . 2(u 1) du u

(u 1) du = {2} u
3

= {2}

1 2 u 3u + 3 du u 3 2 u 3u = {2} + 3u ln u 2 3
2u 3 Area( R ) = 3u 2 + 6u 2ln u 3 2
3

(u 3u + 3u 1) du u
3 2

(u 1) 2 . 2(u 1) A1 u Expands to give a four term cubic in u. M1 Eg: Au 3 Bu 2 Cu D An attempt to divide at least three terms in M1 their cubic by u. See notes.

(u 1) 2 ...... u

M1

u 3 3u 2 (u 1)3 + 3u ln u u 2 3

A1

2(3)3 2(2)3 = 3(3) 2 + 6(3) 2ln 3 3(2) 2 + 6(2) 2ln 2 3 3

= 11 11 11 2 9 + 2ln 2 2ln 3 or + 2ln or ln , etc 3 3 3 3 4

Applies limits of 3 and 2 in u or 4 and 1 in x and M1 subtracts either way round. Correct exact answer A1 or equivalent.

[8] 12
(a) (b)

B1: 1.0981 correct answer only. Look for this on the table or in the candidates working. 1 1 B1: Outside brackets 1 or 2 2 M1: For structure of trapezium rule [ ............. ] A1: anything that rounds to 2.843 Note: Working must be seen to demonstrate the use of the trapezium rule. Note: actual area is 2.85573645 1 (0.5 + 1.3333) + ( 0.8284 + their 1.0981) = 2.84315 Note: Award B1M1 A1 for 2 Bracketing mistake: Unless the final answer implies that the calculation has been done correctly 1 Award B1M0A0 for 1 + 0.5 + 2 ( 0.8284 + their 1.0981) + 1.3333 (nb: answer of 6.1863). 2 1 Award B1M0A0 for 1 (0.5 + 1.3333) + 2 ( 0.8284 + their 1.0981) (nb: answer of 4.76965). 2

4. (b) ctd

Alternative method for part (b): Adding individual trapezia

0.5 + 0.8284 0.8284 +1.0981 1.0981 +1.3333 Area 1 + + = 2.84315 2 2 2

B1: 1 and a divisor of 2 on all terms inside brackets. M1: First and last ordinates once and two of the middle ordinates twice inside brackets ignoring the 2. A1: anything that rounds to 2.843
(c)

B1:

du 1 1 1 dx = x 2 or du = dx or 2 x du = dx or dx = 2(u 1)du or = 2(u 1) oe. du dx 2 2 x

1st M1:

x
1+

becoming

(u 1) 2 (Ignore integral sign). u dx becoming

1st A1 (B1 on epen):

(u 1) 2 (u 1) 2 2 . 2(u 1) {du} or . {du} . u (u 1) 1 u 1+ x You can ignore the integral sign and the du .

2nd M1: Expands to give a four term cubic in u, Au 3 Bu 2 Cu D where A 0, B 0, C 0 and D 0 The cubic does not need to be simplified for this mark. rd 3 M1: An attempt to divide at least three terms in their cubic by u. (u 3 3u 2 + 3u 1) 1 u 2 3u + 3 Ie. u u 3 3 2 u (u 1) 3u 2nd A1: du + 3u ln u u 2 3

4 M1: Some evidence of limits of 3 and 2 in u and subtracting either way round. 3rd A1: Exact answer of
11 11 11 2 9 11 + 2ln 2 2ln 3 or + 2ln or ln or 2 + ln 2 ln 3 3 3 3 3 4 6 11 22 2 22 2 or or 3 or + 2ln , etc . Note: that fractions must be combined to give either 3 6 3 6 3

th

Alternative method for 2nd M1 and 3rd M1 mark

{2}
=

(u 1) 2 (u 2 2u + 1) . (u 1) du = {2} . (u 1) du u u
1 u 2 + . (u 1) du = u
2

{} ( 1 = {2} u 2u + 1 u + 2 du u 1 = {2} u 3u + 3 du u {2}

2
2

u 2 ...) du

An attempt to expand (u 1) 2 , then divide the result by u and then go on to multiply by (u 1) . to give three out of four of D Au 2 , Bu , C or u

2nd M1

3rd M1

4. (c) ctd

Final two marks in part (c): u = 1 +

2 1+ x Area( R ) = 3

x
+ 6 1+

3 1+

x 2ln 1 +

x 1

2 1+ 4 3 2 = 3 1 + 4 + 6 1 + 4 2ln 1 + 4 3 3 2 1+ 1 2 3 1 + 1 + 6 1 + 1 2ln 1 + 1 3 16 = (18 27 + 18 2ln 3) 12 + 12 2ln 2 3

M1: Applies limits of 4 and 1 in x and subtracts either way round.

11 11 11 2 9 + 2ln 2 2ln 3 or + 2ln or ln , etc 3 3 3 3 4

A1: Correct exact answer or equivalent.

Alternative method for the final 5 marks in part (b) d"u " "u " = u 1 = u 2 3 (u 1) dx du , u (u 1) 4 dv = (u 1)3 v= 4 dx 4 4 (u 1) 1 (u 1) = du 4u 4 u2 (u 1) 4 1 u 4 4u 3 + 6u 2 4u + 1 = + du u2 4u 4 (u 1) 4 1 4 1 = + u 2 4u + 6 + 2 du 4u 4 u u

(u 1) 4 1 u3 1 + 2u 2 + 6u 4ln u 4u 4 3 u
3

M1: Applies integration by parts and expands to give a five term quartic. M1: Dividing at least 4 terms. A1: Correct Integration.
3

(u 1) 4 (u 1)3 u 3 u 2 3u 1 du = + + ln u 12 2 2 4u 2 u 4u
M1

27 9 9 1 1 8 4 6 1 16 = + + ln 3 + + ln 2 12 2 2 12 8 12 2 2 8 12 5 = ( 7 ln 3) ln 2 3 11 2 = + ln 6 3 3 (u 1)3 2 11 Area( R ) = 2 du = 2 + ln A1 u 3 2 6

Question Number 5.

Scheme
Working parametrically: 1 x = 1 t , y = 2t 1 or y = et ln 2 1 2 1 { x = 0 } 0 = 1 t t = 2 2 When t = 2 , y = 22 1 = 3

Marks

(a)

Applies x = 0 to obtain a value for t. M1 Correct value for y. A1 Applies y = 0 to obtain a value for t. M1 (Must be seen in part (b)).
[2]

(b)

{y = 0

} 0 = 2t 1 t = 0
1 (0) = 1 2

When t = 0 , x = 1

x =1

A1
[2]

(c)

dy dx 1 dy = and either = 2t ln 2 or = et ln 2 ln 2 dt 2 dt dt dy 2t ln 2 dy dx = divided by their Attempts their . 1 dx dt dt 2 1 1 Applies t = "2" and m(N) = At A, t = "2", so m(T) = 8ln 2 m(N) = m ( T) 8ln 2 1 1 y 3= ( x 0) or y = 3 + x or equivalent. See notes. 8ln 2 8ln 2
Area( R ) =

B1
M1

M1 M1 A1 oe cso [5]

(d)

x = 1 t = 4 and x = 1 t = 0

( 2 1). 2 dt
t

Complete substitution for both y and dx M1

B1 Either 2t 2 ln 2 M1*
t

1 2 = t 2 ln 2
t

or ( 2t 1) or

(2

1) (ln 2)(2t ) t

(2t ) t (ln 2)

0 1 2t 1 1 16 t 4 = 2 ln 2 2 ln 2 ln 2 4 15 = 2 2ln 2

2t t A1 ln 2 Depends on the previous method mark. Substitutes their changed limits in t and dM1* subtracts either way round. 15 2 or equivalent. A1 2ln 2

(2

1)

[6] 15

5. (a)

M1: Applies x = 0 and obtains a value of t. A1: For y = 22 1 = 3 or y = 4 1 = 3 Alternative Solution 1: M1: For substituting t = 2 into either x or y. 1 A1: x = 1 (2) = 0 and y = 22 1 = 3 2 Alternative Solution 2: M1: Applies y = 3 and obtains a value of t. 1 A1: For x = 1 (2) = 0 or x = 1 1 = 0 . 2 Alternative Solution 3: M1: Applies y = 3 or x = 0 and obtains a value of t. A1: Shows that t = 2 for both y = 3 and x = 0 . M1: Applies y = 0 and obtains a value of t. Working must be seen in part (b). A1: For finding x = 1. Note: Award M1A1 for x = 1. dx dy B1: Both and correct. This mark can be implied by later working. dt dt dy dx dy 1 dy M1: Their divided by their or their must be a function of t. . Note: their dt dt dt dt dx their dt 1 M1: Uses their value of t found in part (a) and applies m( N) = . m ( T) M1: y 3 = (their normal gradient) x or y = (their normal gradient) x + 3 or equivalent.
1 1 1 ( x 0) or y = 3 + x or y 3 = ( x 0) or ( 8ln 2 ) y 24ln 2 = x 8ln 2 8ln 2 ln 256 y3 1 or = . You can apply isw here. ( x 0) 8ln 2 Working in decimals is ok for the three method marks. B1, A1 require exact values. dx M1: Complete substitution for both y and dx . So candidate should write down ( 2t 1) . their dt B1: Changes limits from x t. x = 1 t = 4 and x = 1 t = 0 . Note t = 4 and t = 0 seen is B1.

(b)

(c)

A1:

y3=

(d)

M1*: Integrates 2t correctly to give

2t ln 2 (2t ) t (ln 2) or
(ln 2)(2t ) t .

... or integrates ( 2t 1) to give either

A1: Correct integration of ( 2t 1) with respect to t to give

2t t. ln 2

dM1*: Depends upon the previous method mark. Substitutes their limits in t and subtracts either way round. 7.5 15 15 15 15 4ln 2 A1: Exact answer of 2 or or 2 or 2 or log 2 e 2 or equivalent. 2ln 2 ln 4 2ln 2 ln 2 2

Questio n Number 5. (a)

Scheme
Alternative: Converting to a Cartesian equation:
t = 2 2x y = 2 2 2 x 1

Marks

{x = 0
y=3

} y = 22 1

Applies x = 0 in their Cartesian M1 equation... ... to arrive at a correct answer of 3. A1

[2]

(b)

{y = 0
x =1

} 0 = 222 x 1 0 = 2 2 x x = ...

Applies y = 0 to obtain a value for x. M1 (Must be seen in part (b)). x = 1 A1

[2]
2 ( 222 x ) ln 2 or equivalent A1 22 2 x , 1

(c)

dy = 2 ( 222 x ) ln 2 dx

M1

At A, x = 0, so m(T) = 8ln 2 m(N) =

y 3= 1 ( x 0) 8ln 2

1 8ln 2

Applies x = 0 and m(N) =

1 m ( T)

M1

or y = 3 +

1 x or 8ln 2

As in the original scheme. M1 A1 oe [5]

equivalent. (d)
Area( R ) = =

(2

1
1

2 2 x

1) dx 1) dx

(2

2 2 x

Form the integral of their Cartesian M1 equation of C. For 222 x 1 with limits of x = 1 and 1 B1 x = 1 . Ie. ( 222 x 1)

Either 22 2 x
2 = x 2ln 2
2 2 x

22 2 x 2ln 2

or

(2

2 2 x

1)

or ( 22 2 x 1) (ln 2)(22 2 x ) x

22 2 x x (ln 2) 2 2 2 x x 2ln 2

M1*

( 222 x 1)
1 2 2 2 x 1 16 x = 1 + 1 2ln 2 2ln 2 1 2ln 2

A1

Depends on the previous method mark. Substitutes limits of -1 and their xB dM1* and subtracts either way round.
15 2 or equivalent. A1 2ln 2

15 2 2ln 2

[6] 15

(d)

Alternative method: In Cartesian and applying u = 2 2x

Area( R) =

( 2 1){dx} , where u = 2 2 x = ( 2 1) ( ){du}

u
0
u

M0: Unless a candidate writes

(2

2 2 x

1) {dx}

1 2

Then apply the working parametrically mark scheme.

Questio n Number 5. (d)

Scheme
Alternative method: For substitution u = 2t
Area( R ) =

Marks

( 2 1). 2 dt
t

Complete substitution for both y and dx M1

where u = 2t

du du = 2t ln 2 = u ln 2 dt dt

x = 1 t = 4 u = 16 and x = 1 t = 0 u = 1

So area( R ) =

u 1 du u ln 2 1 1 1 du = 2 ln 2 u ln 2 1 2

Both correct limits in t or B1 both correct limits in u. If not awarded above, you can award M1 for this integral

ln u 1 u = 2 ln 2 ln 2

u ln 2 u ln u or ( 2t 1) (ln 2) ln 2 ln u or ( 2t 1) (ln 2)(u ) ln 2 u ln ( 2t 1) ln 2 ln u 2

Either 2t

M1*

A1

1 ln u 1 u 2 ln 2 ln 2 16

1 1 16 ln16 = 2 ln 2 ln 2 ln 2
15 ln16 15 or 2 2ln 2 2ln 2 2ln 2

Depends on the previous method mark. dM1* Substitutes their changed limits in u and subtracts either way round.
15 ln16 15 2 or 2ln 2 2ln 2 2ln 2

A1
[6]

or equivalent.

Questio n Number 6. (a)

Scheme

Marks
1 2cos x = 0 , seen or implied. M1

{ y = 0 } 1 2cos x = 0
5 x= , 3 3
5 3 3

At least one correct value of x. (See notes). A1 5 and Both A1 cso

3 3
2

[3]

(b)
2

V =

(1 2cos x) 2 dx
2

For (1 2cos x) . Ignore limits and dx

B1

{ (1 2cos x) dx } = (1 4cos x + 4cos x)dx

= ( 3 4cos x + 2cos 2 x ) dx
= 1 + cos 2 x 1 4cos x + 4 dx 2

cos 2 x = 2cos 2 x 1

See notes.

M1

Attempts y 2 to give any two of A Ax , B cos x B sin x or M1 2sin 2 x = 3 x 4sin x + cos 2 x sin 2 x . 2 Correct integration. A1 10 2 Applying limits 2sin ( 3 ) 2sin ( 3 ) V = { } 3 ( 53 4sin ( 53 + 3 ( 3 ) 4sin ( + ) ) ) 3 the correct way 2 2 ddM1 round. Ignore .
3 3 = + + 5 2 3 2 3 2 2 = ( (18.3060...) ( 0.5435...) ) = 17.7625 = 55.80

= 4 + 3 3

or 4 2 + 3 3

Two term exact answer. A1

[6] 9

6. (a)

M1: 1 2cos x = 0 .

This can be implied by either cos x = degrees.

1st A1: Any one of either 2
nd

1 or any one of the correct values for x in radians or in 2

or

5 A1: Both . and 3 3

5 or 60 or 300 or awrt 1.05 or 5.23 or awrt 5.24 . 3

(b)
B1: (M1 on epen) For (1 2cos x)2 . Ignore limits and dx . 1 M1: Any correct form of cos 2 x = 2cos 2 x 1 used or written down in the same variable.
st

1 + cos 2 x or 4cos 2 x 2 + 2cos 2 x or cos 2 A = 2cos 2 A 1 . 2 2nd M1: Attempts y 2 to give any two of A Ax , B cos x B sin x or cos 2 x sin 2 x . Do not worry about the signs when integrating cos x or cos 2 x for this mark.

This can be implied by cos 2 x =

Note:
1st A1:

(1 2cos x) = 1 + 4cos x is ok for an attempt at y .

2 2 2

2sin 2 x 2sin 2 x or x 4sin x + + 2 x oe. 2 2 3rd ddM1: Depends on both of the two previous method marks. (Ignore ). 5 Some evidence of substituting their x = and their x = and subtracting the correct 3 3

Correct integration. Eg. 3x 4sin x +

way round. You will need to use your calculator to check for correct substitution of their limits into their integrand if a candidate does not explicitly give some evidence. Note: For correct integral and limits decimals gives: ( (18.3060...) ( 0.5435...) ) = 17.7625 = 55.80
2nd A1: Two term exact answer of either 4 + 3 3 or 4 2 + 3 3 or equivalent. Note: The in the volume formula is only required for the B1 mark and the final A1 mark. Note: Decimal answer of 58.802... without correct exact answer is A0. Note: Applying (1 2cos x ) dx will usually be given no marks in this part.

Questio n Number
7. (a)

Scheme
i: 9 + = 2 + 2 j : 13 + 4 = 1 + k : 3 2 = 1 + (1) (2) (3)

Marks Any two equations. M1 (Allow one slip). An attempt to eliminate dM1 one of the parameters. Either = 3 or = 2 A1 See notes ddM1 A1
[5]

Eg: (2) (3) : 16 + 6 = 2 or (2) 4(1) : 23 = 9 7 Leading to = 3 or = 2

9 1 6 l1 : r = 13 3 4 = 1 3 2 3 2 2 6 or l2 : r = 1 + 2 1 = 1 1 1 3

(b)

1 2 1 2 d1 = 4 , d 2 = 1 4 1 2 1 2 1

Realisation that the dot product is required between Ad1 and M1 Bd 2 . Correct equation. A1 awrt 69.1 A1
[3]

2 + 42 cos = (1) 2 + (4) 2 + ( 2) 2 . (2) 2 + (1) 2 + (1) 2 4 cos = = 69.1238974... = 69.1 (1 dp) 21. 6 9 1 9 + 4 uuu r uuu r OA = 16 , OP = 13 + 4 = 13 + 4 3 2 3 2 3 9+ 4 +5 uuu r AP = 13 + 4 16 = 4 3 3 2 3 2 + 5 1 uuu r AP d1 = 0 4 3 4 = + 5 + 16 12 + 4 = 0 2 2

(c)

M1 A1

dM1
=
1 3

leading to {21 7 = 0 } =

1 3

A1

1 28 93 3 9 1 uuu r 1 1 43 13 + 4 = 14 or Position vector OP = 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 11 3 3

ddM1 A1

[6] 14

7. (a)

M1: Writes down any two equations. Allow one slip. dM1: Attempts to eliminate either or to form an equation in one parameter only. A1: For either = 3 or = 2 . Note: candidates only need to find one of the parameters. ddM1: For either substituting their value of into l1 or their into l2 . 2
nd

6 A1: For either 1 3

or 6i + j + 3k or ( 6 1 3) .

(b)

Note: Each of the method marks in this part are dependent upon the previous method marks. M1: Realisation that the dot product is required between Ad1 and Bd 2 . Allow one slip in
d1 = i + 4 j 2k.
1 2 A1: Correct application of the dot product formula d1 d 2 = d1 d 2 cos or cos = d d 1 2 The dot product must be correctly applied and the square roots although they can be un-simplified must be correctly applied. A1: awrt 69.1 . This can be also be achieved by 180 110.876 = awrt 69.1 . = 1.2064...c is A0.

d d

Common response: cos =

24 = (3) 2 + (12) 2 + (6) 2 . (4) 2 + (2) 2 + (2) 2 189. 24 12 24 + 12

is M1A1...

Alternative Method: Vector Cross Product Only apply this scheme if it is clear that a candidate is applying a vector cross product method. i j k 1 2 M1: Realisation that the vector cross product is required between Ad1 and d1 d 2 = 4 1 = 1 4 2 = 6i 5 j 7k 2 1 Bd 2 . Allow one slip in d1 = i + 4 j 2k. 1 2 1
sin = sin = (6) 2 + (5) 2 + ( 7) 2 (1) 2 + (4) 2 + ( 2) 2 . (2) 2 + (1) 2 + (1) 2

A1: Correct applied equation. A1: awrt 69.1

110 = 69.1238974... = 69.1 (1 dp) 21. 6

(c)

uuu r uuu r M1: Attempts to find AP in terms of the parameter by subtracting the components of OP from l1 and uuu r uuu r uuu r uuu r OA . Ignore the direction of subtraction and ignore any confusion between OP and PO or between OA uuur and AO . The correct subtraction of two components is enough to establish that subtraction is intended. The coordinates or position vector of P must be given in terms of a parameter. Taking P : ( x, y, z ) gains
no marks although this can be recovered later. uuu rSee Additional Solutions. A1: (M1 on epen) A correct expression for AP . Again accept the reverse direction. uuu r dM1: Depends on the previous M. Taking the scalar product of their expression for AP with d1 or a multiple of d1 and equating to 0 and obtaining an equation for . The equation must derive from an expression of the form x1 x2 + y1 y2 + z1 z2 = 0 . Differentiation can be used. See Additional Solutions. A1: Solving to find = 1 3 . ddM1: Depends on both previous Ms. Substitutes their value of the parameter into their expression for uuu r uuu r OP . Substituting into AP is a common error which loses the mark. Note: Needs 2 correct co-ordinates if = 1 3 found and then P stated without method to gain ddM1.

A1: 9 i + 14 j 3 k . Accept vector notation or coordinates. Must be exact.

1 3

1 3

2 3

7. (c)

Additional Solution 1: x uuu r Taking OP = y , in itself, can gain no marks but this may be converted to a parameter at a later z stage in the solution and, at that stage, any relevant marks can be awarded. x 4 x4 uuu r For example, AP = y 16 = y 16 z 3 z + 3 x 4 1 leading to: No marks gained at this stage. y 16 4 = x 4 + 4 y 64 2 z 6 = 0 z + 3 2
9 1 9 + uuu r Using, OP = 13 + 4 = 13 + 4 3 2 3 2

on x + 4 y 2 z = 74 At this stage award M1A1 and dM1 (which is implied by an equation) A1: Solving to find = .
1 3

which gives: 9 + + 4(13 + 4 ) 2( 3 2 ) = 74

21 + 67 = 74 =

1 3

Position vector
1 28 93 3 9 1 uuu r 1 43 1 or OP = 13 + 4 = 14 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 11 3 3

ddM1 A1

Additional Solution 2: Using Differentiation 9+ 4 +5 uuu r AP = 13 + 4 16 = 4 3 3 2 3 2

d ( AP 2 ) = 42 14 = 0 d

M1A1: As main scheme

AP 2 = ( + 5) 2 + (4 3) 2 + (2 ) 2 = {21 2 14 + 34}

M1 A1: Solving to find = . ... then apply the main scheme.

1 3

leading to =

1 3

Question Number
8. (a)

Scheme
(3 ) 125 1 1 d d = dt or = d = 3 125 125 3 dt 1 1 ln ( 3) = t {+ c} or ln ( 3 ) = t {+ c} 125 125 1 t +c ln ( 3) = 125

Marks

dt

B1 See notes. M1 A1

3 = e 125 or e 0.008 t = Ae +3 *

t +c

1 t 125 c

Correct completion to = Ae 0.008t + 3 .

A1
[4]

(b)

{t = 0 , = 16 }
10 = 13e0.008t + 3

16 = Ae 0.008(0) + 3 ; A = 13

e 0.008t =

7 13

7 0.008t = ln 13
= 77.3799... = 77 ( nearest minute )

See notes. M1; A1 Substitutes = 10 into an equation of the form = Ae0.008t + 3, M1 or equivalent. See notes. Correct algebra to 0.008t = ln k , where k is a positive value. See M1 notes.

7 ln 13 t = 0.008 ( )

awrt 77 A1
[5] 9

8. (a)

B1: (M1 on epen) Separates variables as shown. d and dt should be in the correct positions, though this mark can be implied by later working. Ignore the integral signs. M1: Both ln ( 3 ) or ln ( 3) and t where and are constants. A1: For ln ( 3) =
1 t 125

or ln ( 3 ) =

1 t or 125ln ( 3) = t or 125ln ( 3 ) = t 125

Note: + c is not needed for this mark. A1: Correct completion to = Ae 0.008t + 3 . Note: + c is needed for this mark. Note: ln ( 3) =
t t 1 t + c leading to 3 = e 125 + ec or 3 = e 125 + A , would be final 125 1 1

A0.
Note: From ln ( 3) =
3 = e
1 t +c 125

1 1 t +c t + c , then ln ( 3) = 125 125

1 t

or 3 = e 125 ec = Ae 0.008t + 3 is required for A1. 1 1 t + c , then ln ( 3 ) = t +c Note: From ln ( 3 ) = 125 125 3 = e
1 t +c 125

or 3 = e

1 t 125 c

= Ae 0.008t + 3 is sufficient for A1.

Note: The jump from 3 = Ae

1 t 125

to = Ae 0.008t + 3 is fine.

Note:

ln ( 3) =

1 t 1 t + c 3 = Ae 125 , where candidate writes A = ec is also 125

acceptable.

8. (b) M1: (B1 on epen) Substitutes = 16, t = 0 , into either their equation containing an unknown constant or the printed equation. Note: You can imply this method mark. A1: (M1 on epen) A = 13 . Note: = 13e0.008t + 3 without any working implies the first two marks, M1A1. M1: Substitutes = 10 into an equation of the form = Ae0.008t + 3, or equivalent. where A is a positive or negative numerical value and A can be equal to 1 or -1. M1: Uses correct algebra to rearrange their equation into the form 0.008t = ln k , where k is a positive numerical value. A1: awrt 77 or awrt 1 hour 17 minutes. Alternative Method 1 for part (b)

1 d = 3

1 1 t +c dt ln ( 3) = 125 125 ln (16 3) = c = ln13 1 (0) + c 125

M1: Substitutes t = 0, = 16,

{t = 0 ,

= 16 }

into ln ( 3) =
A1: c = ln13
1 t + ln13 125

1 t +c 125

ln ( 3) =

1 t ln13 125

or ln ( 3) =

M1: Substitutes = 10 into an equation of the

1 t 125

ln (10 3) =

1 t ln13 125

form ln ( 3) =

ln13 ln 7 =

1 t 125

t = 77.3799... = 77 ( nearest minute )

where , are numerical values. M1: Uses correct algebra to rearrange their equation into the form 0.008t = ln C ln D , where C, D are positive numerical values. A1: awrt 77.
1 t +c 125

Alternative Method 2 for part (b)

1 d = 3

1 dt 125

ln 3 =

1 ln 3 16 = (0) + c {t = 0 , = 16 } 125 c = ln13 ln 3 = 1 t ln13 125 1 t ln13 125

M1: Substitutes t = 0, = 16,

into ln ( 3 ) =
A1: c = ln13
1 t + ln13 125

1 t +c 125

or ln 3 =

M1: Substitutes = 10 into an equation of the

1 t 125

ln ( 3 10 ) =

form ln ( 3 ) =

ln13 ln 7 =

1 t 125

where , are numerical values. M1: Uses correct algebra to rearrange their equation into the form 0.008t = ln C ln D ,

t = 77.3799... = 77 ( nearest minute )

where C, D are positive numerical values. A1: awrt 77.

8. (b)

Alternative Method 3 for part (b)

10

16

1 d = 3

1 dt 125 0
t

10 1 = ln 3 16 = 125 t 0

ln 7 ln13 =

1 t 125

t = 77.3799... = 77 ( nearest minute )

M1A1: ln13 M1: Substitutes limit of = 10 correctly. M1: Uses correct algebra to rearrange their own equation into the form 0.008t = ln C ln D , where C, D are positive numerical values. A1: awrt 77.

Alternative Method 4 for part (b)

{ {

= 16 } = 10 }

16 = Ae

0.008 t

+3

M1*: Writes down a pair of equations in A and t , for = 16 and = 10 with either A unknown or A being a positive or negative value. A1: Two equations with an unknown A. M1: Uses correct algebra to solve both of their equations leading to answers of the form 0.008t = ln k , where k is a positive numerical value.

10 = Ae 0.008t + 3

13 0.008t = ln or A

7 0.008t = ln A

t(1)

13 ln A = 0.008

and

t(2)

7 ln A = 0.008

t = t(1) t(2)

13 7 ln ln A A = 0.008 0.008 = 77.3799... = 77 ( nearest minute )

M1: Finds difference between the two times. (either way round).

7 ln 13 t = ( 0.008)

A1: awrt 77. Correct solution only.