15 - 1

RTU Training
Te|econtro| Protoco| 8tandards
15 - 2
RTU Training: IEC 60870
Te|econtro| equ|pment and systems
IEC 60870
IEC 60870
EN 60870
EN 60870
15 - 3
ISO 7498-1 Information technology - open systems
interconnection - basic reference model
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
Application Layer
(Anwendungsschicht)
Application Layer
(Anwendungsschicht)
Format Layer
(Darstellungsschicht)
Format Layer
(Darstellungsschicht)
Communication Control
Layer
Communication Control
Layer
Transport Layer
(Transportschicht)
Transport Layer
(Transportschicht)
Routing Layer
(Vermittlungsschicht)
Routing Layer
(Vermittlungsschicht)
Link Layer
(Sicherungsschicht)
Link Layer
(Sicherungsschicht)
Physical Layer
(bitbertragunsschicht)
Physical Layer
(bitbertragunsschicht)
Identification of communication partner
Permission
Selection of dialogue procedure type
Identification of communication partner
Permission
Selection of dialogue procedure type
Selection of syntax
Transformation of data in formats
Selection of syntax
Transformation of data in formats
Establishing of partner connections
Control of dialogs
Synchronising of connections
Establishing of partner connections
Control of dialogs
Synchronising of connections
Routing
Multiplexing of network connections
Flukontrolle
Routing
Multiplexing of network connections
Flukontrolle
Framing
Sequence control
Framing
Sequence control
bit transport
Coding
Synchronising
bit transport
Coding
Synchronising
Establishing of transport connections
Multiplexing
Fault recognition and repair
Establishing of transport connections
Multiplexing
Fault recognition and repair
15 - 4
ISO/OSI-7-layer reference model
virtual protocols
real transport
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
Physical transport medium
Physical transport medium
Application Layer
Application Layer
Format Layer
Format Layer
Communication Control
Layer
Communication Control
Layer
Transport Layer
Transport Layer
Routing Layer
Routing Layer
Link Layer
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Application Layer
Application Layer
Format Layer
Format Layer
Communication Control
Layer
Communication Control
Layer
Transport Layer
Transport Layer
Routing Layer
Routing Layer
Link Layer
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
15 - 5
ISO/OSI-7-layer reference model, IEC60870-5-..,
TCP/IP, Ethernet
virtual protocols
real transport
*)Jabber-function interupts
sending after 30 ms
at Ethernet
7
7
application layer, IEC60870
-5-101,5-104,..., E-Mails
application layer, IEC60870
-5-101,5-104,..., E-Mails
6
6
Format layer , z.B.
FTP, SMTP, TELNET, DNS
Format layer , z.B.
FTP, SMTP, TELNET, DNS
5
5
communication layer
FTP, SMTP, TELNET, DNS
communication layer
FTP, SMTP, TELNET, DNS
4
4
transport layer , z.B
Transm.Control Prot. TCP
transport layer , z.B
Transm.Control Prot. TCP
3
3
network layer , z.B
Internet Protocol (IP, RFC)
network layer , z.B
Internet Protocol (IP, RFC)
2
2
data link layer , z.B
Ethernet IEEE802.3, FDDI
data link layer , z.B
Ethernet IEEE802.3, FDDI
1
1
physical layer
physical layer
7
7
application layer
application layer
6
6
Format layer
Format layer
5
5
communication layer
communication layer
4
4
transport layer
Client calls - server responds
checksums, ackn., time supervision
transport layer
Client calls - server responds
checksums, ackn., time supervision
3
3
network layer
adressing of nodes,
fragmentation of pakages
network layer
adressing of nodes,
fragmentation of pakages
2
2
data link layer
Send+receive of bit streams,
collision detection, Jabber-Fkt.*)
data link layer
Send+receive of bit streams,
collision detection, Jabber-Fkt.*)
1
1
physical layer
physical layer
Physical transport medium
twisted pair, coaxcabel, fiber optic, radio
Physical transport medium
twisted pair, coaxcabel, fiber optic, radio
15 -
EPA - enhanced performance architecture
e.g. used in IEC 870-5-103
7
7
Application Layer
Application Layer
6
6
---
---
5
5
---
---
4
4
---
---
3
3
---
---
2
2
1
1
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
7
7
Application Layer
Application Layer
6
6
---
---
5
5
---
---
4
4
---
---
3
3
---
---
2
2
Link Layer
Link Layer
1
1
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Physical transmission medium
Physical transmission medium
Link Layer
Link Layer
15 - 7
Layered Architecture DNP 3.0
7
7
Application Layer
Application Layer
6
6
3
3
Pseudo transport layer
Pseudo transport layer
2
2
Data Link Layer
Data Link Layer
1
1
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Selected elements according to IEC 870-5-4
Selected services according to IEC 870-5-3
draft
Selected elements according to IEC 870-5-4
Selected services according to IEC 870-5-3
draft
-
-
segments messages into fragments
(Start code, seq.nr., end code)
segments messages into fragments
(Start code, seq.nr., end code)
segments fragments into frames
up to 256 bytes
segments fragments into frames
up to 256 bytes
RS232, RS485, ....
wire, fiber, radio, ....
RS232, RS485, ....
wire, fiber, radio, ....
...
15 - 8
DNP 3.0 in RTU560
This documentation is based on the following documents:
DNP Users Group
DNP Product Documentation
DNP V3.00 Data Object Library P009-0BL Version 0.02 July 28
th
, 1997
DNP V3.00 Data Link Layer P009-0PD.DL Version 0.02 May 30
th
, 1997
DNP V3.00 Application Layer P009-0PD.APP Version 0.03 May 28
th
, 1997
DNP V3.00 Transport Functions P009-0PD.TF Version 0.01 May 30
th
, 1997
15 - 9
IEC 60870-1-1
IEC 60870-1-2
IEC 60870-1-3
IEC 60870-1-4
IEC 60870-1-1
IEC 60870-1-2
IEC 60870-1-3
IEC 60870-1-4
Telecontrol equipment and systems, general considerations, general principles
(multipoint partyline, point-to point-, ...) 1988
Telecontrol equipment and systems, genr.consid., guide for specifications
Telecontrol equipment and systems, genr.consid., glossery, IEC50 chap.371 1997
Telecontrol equipment and systems, genr.consid., basic aspects 1994
Telecontrol equipment and systems, general considerations, general principles
(multipoint partyline, point-to point-, ...) 1988
Telecontrol equipment and systems, genr.consid., guide for specifications
Telecontrol equipment and systems, genr.consid., glossery, IEC50 chap.371 1997
Telecontrol equipment and systems, genr.consid., basic aspects 1994
IEC 60870-2-1
IEC 60870-2-2
IEC 60870-2-1
IEC 60870-2-2
Telecontrol equipment and systems, operation conditions 1987
Telecontrol equipment and systems, operation conditions, replaces patially -1 1996
Telecontrol equipment and systems, operation conditions 1987
Telecontrol equipment and systems, operation conditions, replaces patially -1 1996
IEC 60870-4
IEC 60870-4
IEC 60870-3
IEC 60870-3
IEC60870 Publications Telecontrol and Systems:
IEC 60870-5-xxx
IEC 60870-5-xxx
Telecontrol equipment and systems, Transmission protocols 1993...2000
IEC 60870-6
IEC 60870-6 Telecontrol equipm. and syst., Telecontrol protocols compatible with ISO and CCITT
IEC standard
IEC standard
title
title
15 - 10
IEC 60870-1-1 point-to point configuration
Fernwirkunterstation,
remote terminal unit (RTU)
Leitzentrale /
control centre
link terminals / Linienkoppler
End-End-Konfiguration / point-to-point configuration
15 - 11
IEC 60870-1-1 multiple point-to-point configurat.
Fernwirkunterstationen,
remote terminal units (RTU)
Leitzentrale /
control centre
link terminals / Linienkoppler
Mehrfach-End-End-Konfiguration
/ multiple point-to-point configuration
15 - 12
IEC 60870-1-1 multipoint star configuration
Fernwirkunterstationen,
remote terminal units (RTU)
Leitzentrale /
control centre
link terminal / Linienkoppler
Stern-Konfiguration
/ multipoint star configuration
15 - 13
IEC 60870-1-1 multipoint party line configuration
Fernwirkunterstationen,
remote terminal units (RTU)
Leitzentrale /
control centre
Linien-Konfiguration
/ multipoint party line configuration
15 - 14
IEC 60870-1-1 multipoint ring configuration
Ring-Konfiguration
/ multipoint ring configuration
Remote Terminal Units (RTUs)
control centre
Option for switch-over unit:
Westermo type MD62
www.westermo.se
dredger
accident
15 - 15
7
appl.
7
appl.
2
link
2
link
IEC 60870-5-1
IEC 60870-5-1
Transmission Frame Formats (FT1.2 - 11 bit including start and stop bit) 1990
Transmission Frame Formats (FT1.2 - 11 bit including start and stop bit) 1990
IEC 60870-5-101
IEC 60870-5-102
IEC 60870-5-103
IEC 60870-5-104
IEC 60870-5-101
IEC 60870-5-102
IEC 60870-5-103
IEC 60870-5-104
Companion standard for basic telecontrol tasks 1995
Companion standard for tansmission of integrated totals in electric power systems
Companion standard for informative interface of protection euipment 1997
Network access for IEC60870-5-101 using standard transport profiles Draft 1999
Companion standard for basic telecontrol tasks 1995
Companion standard for tansmission of integrated totals in electric power systems
Companion standard for informative interface of protection euipment 1997
Network access for IEC60870-5-101 using standard transport profiles Draft 1999
IEC 60870-5-5
IEC 60870-5-5
Basic Application Functions (station initialization, general interrogation...) 1995
Basic Application Functions (station initialization, general interrogation...) 1995
IEC 60870-5-3
IEC 60870-5-3
General Structure of Application Data (application service data units - ASDUs...)92
General Structure of Application Data (application service data units - ASDUs...)92
IEC 60870-5-4
IEC 60870-5-4
Definition and Coding of Application Information Elements (type identifications:
100 - interrogation, 103 - clock synch command..., time tag coding...) 1993
Definition and Coding of Application Information Elements (type identifications:
100 - interrogation, 103 - clock synch command..., time tag coding...) 1993
Link Transmission Procedures (request-respond, send-confirm, send-no reply,.)92
Link Transmission Procedures (request-respond, send-confirm, send-no reply,.)92
IEC 60870-5-2
IEC 60870-5-2
IEC60870-5 Sub-publications Transmission Prot.
OSI-
layer
OSI-
layer
15 - 1
Hamming Distance 4
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
PC
0
1 1
0 0 0 0 1 1
PC
0
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
PC
1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
PC
1
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
PC
1
0 1
1 1 0 1 1 1
PC
0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Bit:
Even parity (Format class 1.2)
Checksum
The change of any 3 bits is surely
recognized.
The change of 4 bits may not be
recognized in seldom cases.
Hamming distance 4 Format class 1.2
is common in telecontrol systems.
By the select-before-operate procedure
safety is increased in control direction.
user octet 0
user octet 255
user octet 1
user octet 2
...
15 - 17
Hamming Distance 6
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
PC
1 1
0 0 0 0 1 1
PC
x x x x x x x x
PC
1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
PC
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
PC
0 1
1 1 0 1 1 1
PC
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Bit:
Check Sequence
Hamming distance 6 Format class 3
is used at DNP 3.0.
user octet 0
user octet 15
user octet 1
user octet 2
...
x x
x x x x x x
Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is
calculated according special algorithm
The change of any 5 bits is surely
recognized.
The change of 6 bits may not be
recognized in seldom cases.
15 - 18
10
-8
10
-18
10
-1
= worst allowed R
10
-3
= worst allowed R
10
-12
=
worst allowed R
I
n
t
e
g
r
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
I
1
(
h
a
m
m
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

2
)
I
n
t
e
g
r
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
I
2

(
h

4
)
I
n
t
.
c
l
a
s
s
I
3
R =
residual
error rate
p = bit error rate
Residual error rate =
number of undetected wrong messages
total number of messages sent
10
-5
0.5
no signal
only noise
0.5 = 1bit wrong / 2 bit sent
1 day = 10
-6
26 years = 10
-10
260 000 years = 10
-14
Mean time between
undetected errors
at 1200 bit/s,
p=10
-4
,
100 bit
frames
IEC 60870-5-1 , Data Integrity Classes, Grafic
10
-4
1bit wrong /
10.000 bits
sent
10
0
10
-3
10
-1
10
-2
10
-3
10
-1
15 - 19
IEC 870-5-1 , FT 1.2, Frame with Fixed Length
User
Data
Start character 16
Check sum
End character 22
15 - 20
IEC 60870-5-1 , FT 1.2 Frame with Variable Length
User data octets
Start character 104
Length (0...255)
Length (repeated)
Start character 104
Length
Header of
fixed length
Application for frames with user data in
both control and monitor direction
Check sum
End character 22
Example:
hex decimal
0x68 = 104
0x1A = 26
0x1A = 26
0x68 = 104
. . .
0x80 = 128
0x16 = 22
15 - 21
Example fixed length, variable length, single control character
Telegram examples:
fixed length
single control character
0xE5 = 229
fixed length
variable length
start length length start link control ..address type structure cause of tra
start link control address checksum end
15 - 22
REQUEST
RESPOND
Polling
of data
Data
Station A to Station B Station B to Station A
IEC 60870-5-2 ; Unbalanced Transmission
CONFIRM
SEND
Send data
Acknowledge
15 - 23
REQUEST
Class 1
RESPOND
GI
message 1
Polling
for events
Data
RTU Protection equipment
Unbalanced Transmission, example start of general interrogation (GI)
CONFIRM
SEND
ASDU 7
ASDU 7 is sent
to initiate general
interrogation
Acknowledge
REQUEST
Class 1
RESPOND
GI
message 2
Polling
for events
Data
15 - 24
SEND
CONFIRM
REQUEST
SEND
CONFIRM
RESPOND
Send data
Acknowledge
Send data
Acknowledge
Station A to Station B Station B to Station A
IEC 60870-5-2 ; Balanced Transmission
(point-to-point connection and full duplex lines required)
15 - 25
Bit 8 = RESERVED in unbalanced - physical direction
at balanced, 1= station A to B, 0=viceversa
PRM = Primary / secondary station (=1 message
from primary/initiating station)
FCB = Frame count toggle bit (Primary station to sec. )
FCV = Frame count bit valid (=0 at reset)
ACD =
Access demand in unbalanced (=1 demand for
high priority class1 data) - RESERVED at balanced
DFC =
Data flow control (=0 further messages are
acceptable by secondary station,
=1 overflow expected)
MSB
LSB
8 PRM
FCB
ACD
FCV
DFC
2 2 2
2
Function
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
3
2 1 0
Bit
start
( length )
( length )
( start )
Link control
Link address
User
data
end
checksum
IEC 870-5-2 , Link Level, Control Byte
15 - 2
IEC 870-5-2 , Link Level, Control Byte, Unbalanced Transmission, Function Codes,
Messages sent from Primary (PRM=1)
start
at -101
15 - 27
IEC 870-5-2 , Link Level, Control Byte, Unbalanced Transmission, Function Codes,
Messages sent from Secondary (PRM=0)
1. answer
15 - 28
Example: IEC 870-5-2 , Unbalanced Transmission at IEC 870-5-101,
Establishing the communication
RTU
RTU
Control System:
Control System:
Control System:
15 - 29
IEC 870-5-2 , Link Level, Control Byte, Balanced Transmission, Function Codes,
Messages sent from Primary (PRM=1)
commun. start
15 - 30
IEC 870-5-2 , Link Level, Control Byte, Balanced Transmission, Function Codes,
Messages sent from Secondary (PRM=0)
1. answer
15 - 31
IEC 870-5-3 , Telegram Structure, EPA-Model
2
2
Link Level
(IEC870)
Link Level
(IEC870)
APPLICATION
user data
7
7
Application Level
Application Level
ASDU
Application Service Data Unit
APCI
APDU
Application Protocol Data Unit
LSDU
Link Service Data Unit
LPCI
LPDU
Link Protocol Data Unit
Control Information
Control
Information
15 - 32
Telegram Testtool, Protocol Profile Parameter
15 - 33
Common structure of data units
ASDU
application
service
data unit
information
objects
optional
data unit
identifier
information
object 1
time stamp
object 1
information
object n
15 - 34
Data unit identifier
data unit
identifier
data unit type
optional at -101
not used at -103
cause of transmission
type identification
variable structure qualifier
cause of transmission
common address of ASDU
common address of ASDU
15 - 35
Type Identification
defines type
for each type there is a standardized structure and format
TYPE IDENTIFICATION :=UI8 [1..8] <1..255> UI means unsigned integer
<1..127> := for definitions of this standard (compatible range)
<128..135> := reserved for routing messages (private range)
<136..255> := for special use (private range)
N u m b e r 2 2
7
0
BIT 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
15 - 3
Type identification at IEC 870-5-101 (companion standard for
basic telecontrol tasks) - Process Information in Monitor Direction
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
UI8 [1..8] <0...44>
See IEC60870-5-101
table 3
Type Symbol meaning ABB
1 M_SP_NA_1 single-point information X
2 M_SP_TA_1 single-point information with time tag X
3 M_DP_NA_1 double-point inforamtion X
4 M_DP_TA_1 double-point inforamtion with time tag X
5 M_ST_NA_1 step position information X
6 M_ST_TA_1 step position information with time tag
7 M_BO_NA_1 bit string of 32 Bit (X)
8 M_BO_TA_1 bit string of 32 Bit with time tag (X)
9 M_ME_NA_1 measured value, normalized value X
10 M_ME_TA_1 measured value, normalized value with
time tag
X
11 M_ME_NB_1 measured value, scaled value
12 M_ME_TB_1 measured value, scaled value with time tag
13 M_ME_NC_1 measured value, short floating point
number
14 M_ME_TC_1 measured value, short floating point
number with time tag
15 M_IT_NA_1 Integrated totals X
16 M_IT_TA_1 Integrated totals time tag X
17 M_EP_TA_1 event of protection equipment with time tag X
18 M_EP_TB_1 packed start events of protection equipment
with time tag
19 M_EP_TC_1 packed output circuit information of
protection equipment with time tag
20
... ...
21
... ...
RTU232
15 - 37
Type identification at IEC 870-5-101
Process Information in Control Direction
Single command
Double command
regulating step command
set point command
....
bitstring of 32 bits
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
UI8 [1..8] <45...69>
See IEC60870-5-101
table 4
COMAND
SINGLE COMMAND
NO TIME
A-Type
Prozessinformation Steuerungsrichtung:
Typkennung Symbol Bedeutung ABB
45 C_SC_NA_1 Einzelbefehl
46 C_DC_NA_1 Doppelbefehl X
47 C_RC_NA_1 Stufenstellbefehl X
48 C_SE_NA_1 Sollwert-Stellbefehl, normierter Wert X
49 C_SE_NB_1 Sollwert-Stellbefehl, skalierter Wert
50 C_SE_NC_1 Sollwert-Stellbefehl, Gleitkommazahl
51 C_BO_NA_1 Bitmuster von 32 Bit (X)
RTU232
15 - 38
Type identification at IEC 870-5-101
Sytem Information in Monitor Direction
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
UI8 [1..8] <70...99>
See IEC60870-5-101
table 5
Type Symbol meaning
70 M_EI_NA_1 End of initialization
71 Reserved for further compatible definitions
..
99 Reserved for further compatible definitions
15 - 39
Type identification at IEC 870-5-101
Sytem Information in Control Direction
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
UI8 [1..8] <100...109>
See IEC60870-5-101
table 6
interrogation command
counter interrogation command
clock synchronisation command
test command
reset process command
delay acquisition command
....
15 - 40
Type identification at IEC 870-5-101
Parameter in Control Direction
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
UI8 [1..8] <110...119>
See IEC60870-5-101
table 7
parameter of measured value,
normalized value
parameter of measured value, scaled
value
parameter of measured value, short
floating point number
parmeter activation
....
15 - 41
Type identification at IEC 870-5-101
File Transfer
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
UI8 [1..8] <120...127>
See IEC60870-5-101
table 8
File ready
section ready
call directory, select file, call file, call section,
last section, last segment
ack file, ack section
segment
directory
...
15 - 42
Type identification at IEC 870-5-102 (companion standard
for the transmission of integrated totals in electric power systems)
15 - 43
Type identification at IEC 870-5-103 (companion standard for
the informative interface of protection equipment)
TYPE
IDENTI-
FICATION
UI8 [1..8]
<1...255>
See
IEC60870-
5-103
table 3 and
4
15 - 44
Data unit identifier, variable structure qualifier
data unit
identifier
data unit type
Optional
type identification
variable structure qualifier
cause of transmission
cause of transmission
common address of ASDU
common address of ASDU
15 - 45
Variable structure qualifier
Defines the structure of information objects in ASDU
Variabel structure qualifier := CP8{number,SQ}
Number = N := UI7[1..7]<1...127>
<0> := ASDU contains no information object
<1..127> := number of information objects
SQ=single/sequence := BS1[8] <0...1>
e.g. SQ=1 The following type-equal information elements are identified by object address incremented
by +1 from the first address
CP (compound data field) is a sequence of data fields.
BS means bit string
SQ N u m b e r 2 2
6 0
BIT 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
15 - 4
FT1.2, Link Bytes, ASDU with variable structure qualifier, example at -103
Number of information objects:
9 measurements
link link type
control addr.measm. COT
Variable
structure
qualifier
common
address
ASDU
start length length start
160 =
= 0x94
15 - 47
Data unit identifier, cause of transmission
data unit
identifier
data unit type
Optional
type identification
variable structure qualifier
cause of transmission
cause of transmission
common address of ASDU
common address of ASDU
15 - 48
Data unit identifier, cause of transmission
Bit
8 7 6 5 4
3
2 1
2
5
2
0
cause
T
P/N
Cause of
Transmission
Orginator adress
Optional
per system
Cause of transmission := CP16{cause, P/N, T, orginator addres (optional)}
Cause := UI6[1..6]<0..63>
<0> := not defined
<1..47> := number of cause, compatibel range
<48..63> := number of cause, private range
P/N := BS1[7]<0..1> (BS means bit string)
<0> := positiv confirm
<1> := negativ confirm
T = Test := BS1[8]<0..1>
<0> := no test
<1> := test
orginator address := UI8[9..16]<0..255>
<0> := default
<1..255> := number of originator address if available
15 - 49
Causes of transmission ( 870-5-101)
<0> := not used
<1> := periodic, cyclic
<2> := background scan
<3> := spontaneus
<4> := initialized
<5> := request or requested
<6> := activation
<7> := activation confirmation
<8> := deactivation
<9> := deactivation confirmation
<10> := activation termination
<11> := return information caused by a remote command
<12> := return information caused by a local command
<13> := file transfer
<14> ... <19> := reserved for further compatible definitions
<20> := interrogated by general interrogation
<21> := interrogated by group 1 interrogation
<36> := interrogated by group 16 interrogation 2

<37>:= requested by general counter request
<38> := requested by group 1 counter request
<39> := requested by group 2 counter request
<40> := requested by group 3 counter request
<41> := requested by group 4 counter request
<42> ... <47> := reserved for further compatible definitions
15 - 50
Causes of transmission ( 870-5-103 always 1 byte only)
<0> := not used
<1> := spontaneus
<2> := cyclic
<3> := reset frame count bit (FCB)
<4> := reset communication unit (CU)
<5> := start / restart
<6> := power on
<7> := test mode
<8> := time synchronisation
<9> := general interrogation
<10> := termination of general interrogation
<11> := local opeartion
<12> := remote operation
...
15 - 51
Data unit identifier, common address of ASDU
data unit
identifier
data unit type
Optional
type identification
variable structure qualifier
cause of transmission
cause of transmission
common address of ASDU
common address of ASDU
15 - 52
RTUtil, Link-address, ASDU-address, Informationsobject
15 - 53
RTU560, Example of Broadcast ASDU address 65535
15 - 54
Information object
ASDU
application
service
data unit
information
objects
data unit
identifier
information
object 1
information
object n
15 - 55
Information object details at IEC870-5-101
Information
object 1
Optional
Information object
address
information
element or set of it
information
element or set of it
2
7
Milliseconds 2
0
2
15
Milliseconds 2
8
2
5
minutes 2
0
Res IV
variabel je ASDU
Information object n
e.g. 3 octet binary time
0...59 999 ms, 0...59 min
IEC60870-5-4 clause 6.8
Information object
address
Information object
address high octet
Address 0 = irrelevant
address range 1...255
address range 1...65535
if 2 octets are used
address range 1...16 777 215
if 3 octets are used
15 - 5
Information object at IEC870-5-103
Information
object 1
Optional
Function type
information
element or set of it
information
element or set of it
2
7
Milliseconds 2
0
2
15
Milliseconds 2
8
2
5
minutes 2
0
Res IV
Information object n
e.g. 3 octet binary time
0...59 999 ms, 0...59 min
IEC60870-5-4 clause 6.8
Information number
128 distance protection
160 overcurrent protection
176 transformer diff protection
192 line differential protection
254 generic function type
15 - 57
IEC870-5-101, Sequence of information objects, SQ=0
Single-point information without time tag
TYPE IDENT 1: M_SP_NA_1
Sequence of information objects including object adresses (SQ = 0)
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0
Number of objects
T P/N 2
5
cause 2
0
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
VARIABLE STRUCTURE QUALIFIER
CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION
COMMON ADDRESS OF ASDU
ADDRESS OF INFORMATION OBJECTS
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 SPI
Quality bits and signal position
ADDRESS OF INFORMATION OBJECTS
DATA UNIT IDENTIFIER
INFORMATION OBJEKT 1
INFORMATION OBJEKT i
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 SPI
Quality bits and signal position
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n

o
b
j
e
c
t
s
15 - 58
IEC870-5-101, No sequence of information objects, SQ=1
Single-point information without time tag
TYPE IDENT 1: M_SP_NA_1
Sequence of information objects, incremented object adress assumed (SQ = 1)
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
1
number j of elements
T P/N 2
5
Cause 2
0
ADRESSE INFORMATIONSOBJEKTS A
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 SPI 1
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 SPI j
Quality bits and signal position of information object A
Quality bits and signal position of information object A+1 I
n
f
o
.

o
b
j
e
c
t
s
DATA UNIT IDENTIFIER
INFORMATION OBJEKT 1
INFORMATION OBJEKT i
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
VARIABLE STRUCTURE QUALIFIER
CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION
COMMON ADRESS OF ASDU
15 - 59
Quality descriptor (IEC870-5-101)
OV = Overflow / No overflow
The value of the information object is out of range.
Mainly analogue measured values.
BL = Blocked / Not blocked
The transmission of this information object is blocked.
The contents is the last value before blocking.
SB = Substituted / Not substituted
The value of the information object was substituted by
the operator or a local automation function.
NT = Not topical / Topical
The information object is topical, if the last update within a
certain time period was successful. Mainly cyclic analogue
measured values and integrated totals.
IV = Invalid / Valid
The information object is invalid if the data acquisition function
detects a malfunction of the information source.
15 - 0
Information elements IEC870-5-101, example indications
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 SPI
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
IV NT SB BL 0 0 DPI
SIQ - Single indication
SIQ := CP8 {SPI, RES, BL, SB, NT, IV}
SPI := BS1 [1] <0, 1>
<0> := OFF
<1> := ON
DIQ := CP8 {DPI, RES, BL, SB, NT, IV}
DPI := UI2 [1..2] <0..3>
<0> := Intermediate position
<1> := OFF
<2> := ON
<3> := Error
DIQ - Double indication
15 - 1
Information elements IEC870-5-101, example double command DCO)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
S/E QU DCS
DCO := CP8 {DCS, QOC }
DCS := UI2 [1..2] <0..3>
<0> := Not allowed
<1> := OFF
<2> := ON
<3> := Not allowed
QOC := CP6 [3..8] {QU, S/E}
QU := UI5 [3..7] <0..31>
<0> := No additional definition
<1> := Short command output
<2> := Long command output
<3> := Persistent output
<4..31> := Reserved
S/E := BS1 [8] <0, 1>
<0> := Execute
<1> := Select
15 - 2
Information elements IEC870-5-101, measurement normalized
Used in RTU560 as M_ME_NA_1 e.g. at AMI and DMI8/16
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
2
-8
2
-9
2
-10
2
-11
2
-12
2
-13
2
-14
2
-15
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8
S 2
-1
2
-2
2
-3
2
-4
2
-5
2
-6
2
-7
NVA =
normalized value
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
QDS =
-1 ... +1 - 0,000030517
-1 ... +0,999969482
15
NVA := F16[1..16]< -1 ... +1 (2 ) >
-15
Quality descriptor
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 OV
15 - 3
Information elements, IEC870-5-101 measurement scaled
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
2
+8
2
+9
2
+10
2
+11
2
+12
2
+13
2
+14
2
+15
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8
S 2
+1
2
+2
2
+3
2
+4
2
+5
2
+6
2
+7
SVA =
Scaled value
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
QDS =
- 32 768 ... + 32 767
SVA := > I16[1..16] < -(2 ) ... +2 -1
+15 +15
Used in RTU560 as M_ME_NB_1 at AMI
Quality descriptor
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 OV
15 - 4
RTUtil, input menu measurement normalized
15 - 5
RTUtil, input menu measurement scaled
maximum value
32 767
decimal factor e.g. 10 ,
if 10.3 kV should be transferred as 103
15 -
RTU560 - Link-address, ASDU-address
Physical transport medium
Physical transport medium
4
4
---
---
3
3
---
---
2
2
1
1
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
7
7
Application Layer
Application Layer
6
6
---
---
5
5
---
---
Link Layer
Link Layer
4
4
---
---
3
3
---
---
2
2
1
1
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
7
7
Application Layer
Application Layer
6
6
---
---
5
5
---
---
Link Layer
Link Layer
ASDU-address ASDU-address
LINK-address LINK-address
15 - 7
RTU560 - Link-address, ASDU-address, Information object
Link address range, if 8 BIT selected in RTU560 network tree:
1 ... 254
ASDUaddress range, if 16 BIT selected in RTU560 network tree:
1 ... 65 534
Information object address range,
if 24 BIT selected in RTU560 network tree:
1 ... 16 777 215
15 - 8
Address concept
is
matter of the customer
RTU560 - Link-address, ASDU-address, Informationsobject
15 - 9
RTU560 IEC870-5-101, Link-address, ASDU-address, object number
Most simple case:
Link-address = ASDU - address = substation number
useful:
Each information object address exists only once within a network
control system
==> not generally required
==> required only within one RTU
Option at RTU560:
individual ASDU-addresses on different 870-5-101 or -104-lines and also
for data points
15 - 70
Example protocol -101: Link-address = ASDU-address
protocol
IEC60870 IEC60870- -5 5- -101 101
Knoten Station RTU560
Knoten Station RTU560
RTU 560
RTU 560
Link-address 254
ASDU-address 254
object 14 777 215 ... 14 777 300
Link-address 444
ASDU-address 444
object 30 ... 50
RTU 560
RTU 560
Link-address 34
ASDU-address 34
object 1 017 ... 1 100
RTU 560
RTU 560
Link-address 4
ASDU-address 4
object 16 777 200 ... 16 777 215
RTU 560
RTU 560
Link-address 17
ASDU-address 17
object 1 ... 11
15 - 71
house number = phone number
Lonely Road 1402
Phone no. 1402
5
Goethestr 317
Telefonnr. 317
7
1
15 - 72
more frequently: several phone numbers at one house number
Lonely Road 1402
Phone 1: 67312
Phone 2: 59717
Phone 3: 42799
5
Goethestr 317
Telefon 1: 82317
Telefon 2: 59174
7
1
15 - 73
Example protocol -101: Link-address ASDU-address, object
protocol
IEC60870 IEC60870- -5 5- -101 101
Knoten Station RTU560
Knoten Station RTU560
RTU 560
RTU 560
Link-address 503
ASDU-address 38001
object 14 777 215 ... 14 777 300
Link-address 506
ASDU-address 444
object 30 ... 50
RTU 560
RTU 560
Link-address 50621
ASDU-address 2001
object 1 017 ... 1 100
RTU 560
RTU 560
Link-address 50611
ASDU-address 11001
object 1 ... 11
380 kV 380 kV
110 kV 110 kV
20 kV 20 kV
RTU 560
RTU 560
Link-address 50622
ASDU-address 2002
object 15 777 200 ... 15 777 215
ASDU-address 38002
object 16 777 200 ... 16 777 215
20 and 380kV 20 and 380kV
Example:
ASDUs for 380 kV start with 380... ,
for 110 kV with 110... and for 20kV with 20...,
LINK-addresses incorporate the line no.
1 2 3 4
5
1 2
5061 5062
501
502
504
505
15 - 74
Example protocol -101 at a utility
Alle switchyards have a plant number
Link-address = plant number 0 ... 4095
The ASDU address incorporates the link address and
the voltage level coded
ASDU-address 0 ... 65 535
The object address contains the bay number, the information type, group
type of high voltage equipment, etc
Information object, range at RTU560, if 24 BIT selectet:
0 ... 16 777 215
15 - 75
protocol -101, example ASDU, details
Voltage level 0 ...7
Plant number
0 ... 4095
2
0
- bit is transmitted
at first
Voltage level, 4 Bit: 0 ... 15
plant number , 12 Bit: 0 ...4095 is also used for LINK-address
2 informations in ASDU address:
15 - 7
protocol -101, example object address, details
Base element , 8 Bit: 0 ... 255
base element-(BE)-group , 3 Bit: 0 ...7 ( pol U, V, W - if equipment BM = transformer)
equipment-(BM)-group, 3 Bit: 0 ...7 (... transformator, coil, protection....)
information group, 4 Bit: 0 ...15 (system informations, measurements...)
bay number, 6 Bit: 0 ... 63
5 informations in object address:
15 - 77
RTU560, Example defintion of a structured address
15 - 78
RTU560, Example of a structured data point address
15 - 79
Example protocol -104: ASDU-address, object
protocol
IEC60870 IEC60870- -5 5- -104 104
RTU560
RTU560
RTU 560
RTU 560
ASDU-address 65 534
object 14 777 215 ... 14 777 300
ASDU-address 444
object 30 ... 50
RTU 560
RTU 560
ASDU-address 34
object 1 017 ... 1 100
RTU 560
RTU 560
ASDU-address 4
object 16 777 200 ... 16 777 215
RTU 560
RTU 560
ASDU-address 17
object 1 ... 11
LAN oder WAN
Beim -104-protocol entfllt die LINK-address auf Datenpunktebene:
(therfore IP- and Gateway-addresses at ETH-level)
15 - 80
RTU560, Address Example with subRTUs, RTUtil default principle
RTU
Heidelberg
RTU
Mannheim
RTU
Mutterstadt
NCC1 NCC2
-101 line
-101 subline
redundant
-101 subsubline
-104 line
DPI Mu yy -104line -101line -101subline -101subsubline
IP or Link 199.5.5.51 3 4 17
ASDU 222 222 412 366
OBJEKT 1354 1354 4303 5703
DPI Ma xy -104line -101line -101subline
IP or Link 199.5.5.51 3 4
ASDU 221 221 281
OBJEKT 917 917 1004
DPI Hd xx -104line -101line
IP or Link 199.5.5.51 3
ASDU 220 220
OBJEKT 483 483
Link 17
Link 4
Link 3 IP 199.5.5.51
These default addresses may
not be unique in your system.
Check, if you can live with it.
15 - 81
RTU560, Address Example with subRTUs
RTU
Heidelberg
RTU
Mannheim
RTU
Mutterstadt
NCC1 NCC2
-101 line
-101 subline
redundant
-101 subsubline
-104 line
DPI Mu yy -104line -101line -101subline -101subsubline
IP or Link 199.5.5.51 3 4 17
ASDU 222 222 222 222
OBJEKT 1354 1354 1354 1354
DPI Ma xy -104line -101line -101subline
IP or Link 199.5.5.51 3 4
ASDU 221 221 221
OBJEKT 917 917 917
DPI Hd xx -104line -101line
IP or Link 199.5.5.51 3
ASDU 220 220
OBJEKT 483 483
Link 17
Link 4
Link 3 IP 199.5.5.51
15 - 82
MicroSCADA and RTU560, RTUtil-configuration just copied
RTU
Heidelberg 1
RTU
Heidelberg 2
MicroSCADA
-101 line
Link addres 4
Link addres 3
Not nice - but possible:
RTU Heidelberg 2 is a copy of RTU Heidelberg 1.
ASDU-adresses and Object-adresse are the same in both
RTUs. Only the link address in Heidelberg 2 is modified.
Usually customers modify at least the ASDU-Addresses in the copied RTU also.
The MicroSCADA works with polling and station
addresses.
Polling Address PA in MicroSCADA = link address of RTU
Station Address AA in MicroSCADA is = ASDU address in RTU
15 - 83
Telegram format RP571, variable length,
created ca.1992, specific adress concept
variable length = 01101000, fixed length frame format = 00010000
START CHARACTER
LENGTH
LENGTH
VALUE
START CHARACTER
Router RTU NO.
FCODE
PROCESS RTU
BLOCK NO.
berwachungsrichtung: 7 bit Funktionsfeld, Richtungsbit
Example IDM Prio 1= 0011000 0 = Indication Message without Status
command direction: 2 bit seq.number, Monolog/Dialog, 4 bit function code,direction bit
Example: 00000100 (Length entfllt bei fixed length frame format)
variable length = 01101000, fixed length frame format = 00010000
Example: 00000100 Wiederholung aus Sicherheitsgrnden, )
Example: 00000101 = RTU Nr.5 Dezimal
Example: 00010001 = RTU Nr.17 Dezimal
Checksum
STOP CHARACTER 00010110
VALUE
BLOCK NO.
VALUE
BLOCK NO.
00010110
10100000
15 - 84
ASDU IEC 60870-5-101 <--> RP571 - correspondant
0,1 ms ab Mitternacht
IEC-objectaddress
Startbyte bei variabler
Telegrammlength
0110 1000
0000 1001
0000 1001
0110 1000
0000 0001
0101 0010
1101 0010
0000 0001
length (# Datenbytes
ab Routeraddress)
Checksum
0001 0110
length (Wiederholung)
Startbyte (Wiederholung)
Routeraddress
Funktionkode ERMI
RTU-address bw. SCU-address
210dez = D2 hex
Blocknr.1...255
STOP Byte
1000 1001
Sequenznummer
0...255
bit 15, Typ DI,EIN
Unbelegt, timequalitt,
notsync.,overflow
Tag des Moants
0000 0000
1000 1001
0000 1101
0010 1101
0000 0101
0000 1100
0000 0001
0000 0100
0000 0010
0000 1011
0000 0001
1101 0010
0000 0010
Data Unit Identifier /
Identifikationsfeld des
Dateneinheit
Information Object 1
Information Object n ...
4 = Doppelindication mit time
2 Information objecte
bertragungsursache:
11 = Rckindication verursacht
durch Fernbefehl
Stationsaddress 1
gltig, aktuell, not ersetzt, not blocked,
Reserve, EIN bestimmt
Duale time, 3 Octette
0001 0000
0001 0000
0000 0000
not available in the other
typ
15 - 85
IEC 60870-5-103; Informative Interface of Bay Protection
Physical Layer: Fibre optics or RS 485
Link Layer: Unbalanced transmission
Application layer:
Time synchronization
Time-tagged fault information
Operational measurands
Control of functions e.g. autoreclosure
Analog and digital disturbance data (samples)
Generic services
Details: Advanced training course RTU560
15 - 8
IEC60870-5-104
Te|econtro| equ|pment and systems
part 5: Transm|ss|on protoco|s
8ect|on 104: Network acces for |E60870-5-
us|ng standard transport prof||es
IEC 60870
IEC 60870
-
-
5
5
-
-
104
104
EN 60870
EN 60870
-
-
5
5
-
-
104
104
15 - 87
IEC 60870-5-104 general system architecture
Application -101
transport Interface
TCP/IP
OUTSTATION
RTU560
TCP/IP
Tansport Interface
Application -101
TCP/IP
Tansport Interface
Application -101
CENTRAL
STATION
Router
Router
Router
Router
LAN LAN
Router
Router
redundant redundant
option option
LAN LAN
Network
X.25, ISDN, FR
15 - 88
IEC 60870-5-104 , benefits of router use
No network specific software in the end systems
No routing-capability in the end systems
No network-management in the end systems
Use of standard RTUs facilitated
Use of standard routers possible
Change of network just needs change of router
Future-proof
15 - 89
Selection of application functions
of IEC 60870-5-5 acc. to IEC 60870-5-101
Initia-
lization
Selection of ASDUs
of IEC 60870-5-101 and IEC 60870-5-104
APCI Application Protocol Control Information
User TCP interface (transport Interface)
User
Process
transport
layer (4)
Network
layer (3)
Link
layer (2)
Physical
layer (1)
Application
layer (7)
Selected TCP transmission control protocol
RFC = Request for Comments
IEC 60870-5-104 , protocol structure
Selected IP Internet protocol
Ethernet
LLC logical lnk control
MAC medium access control
LAN ISO 8802
For comparism,
-101 definitions:
n.a.
60870-5-1
60870-5-2
ISO, ITU-T
n.a.
60870-5-3
60870-5-4
60870-5-5
15 - 90
transport
layer (4)
Network
layer (3)
Link
layer (2)
Physical
layer (1)
RFC 793 (TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL)
RFC 791 (INTERNET PROTOCOL)
RFC 894
(Transmission of
IP Datagrams
over Ethernet
Networks)
IEEE 802.3
RFC = Request for Comments = Internet Standard Designation
RFC 1661
(PPP)
X.21
RFC 1662
(PPP in HDLC-like framing)
IEC 60870-5-104 , TCP/IP Protocol Suite RFC 2200
15 - 91
TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
Functions:
Cutting of data stream from aplication layer into
segments (max. 65 kByte)
creates safe connection between end systems by time
supervision / acknowledgement / fault recognition /
repetition of send data
adapts transport adresses to network addresses
multiplex mechanism (e.g. RTU560 service based upon
Internet Explorer runs via LAN in parallel with IEC870-5-
104 telegrams)
Services:
Establishing a transport connection
Data transfer
Abortion of transport connection
15 - 92
IP - Internet Protocol
IPv4 - Adress length 32 bit
IPv6 - Adress length 128 bit (backwards compatibel to IPv4)
Services:
Cut of segments into fragments (size of fragments can be
set according to Ethernet requirements)
Transmission of fragments as datagram from sender
through the network to the receiver
a transmission path in the nework is searched for each
datagram independant from other datagrams.
Datagrams can be lost
Datagrams can overtake other datagrams
Sorting in the right seqence and check for lost of faulty
datagrams is realized on TCP level.
15 - 93
IEC 60870-5-104 , user TCP interface
User TCP interface
stream oriented
no start/stop mechanism for ASDUs from IEC60870-5-5101
ASDU = application service data unit, see IEC60870-5-101 and -3
APDU = application protocol data unit
APCI = application protocol control defintion
Therefore are additionally required:
15 - 94
IEC 60870-5-104 and DNP , APDU = APCI + ASDU
ASDU
application
service data unit,
max. 249 octets
APDU
application
protocol
data unit
APCI
application protocol
control defintion,
6 octets
Length,
max. 253
START 68H
Length of APDU
Control field octet 1
Control field octet 2
Control field octet 3
Control field octet 4
ASDU defined in
IEC60870-5-101
and
IEC60870-5-104
and
DNP
Total max.
255 octets
15 - 95
IEC 60870-5-104 , I - format
I format: numbered information transfer
send sequence number N(S)
send sequence number N(S)
receive sequence number N(R)
receive sequence number N(R)
LSB
MSB
MSB
Control field octet 1
Control field octet 2
Control field octet 3
Control field octet 4
LSB
15 - 9
IEC 60870-5-104 , S - format
S format: numbered supervisory transfer
0
0
receive sequence number N(R)
receive sequence number N(R)
LSB
MSB
Control field octet 1
Control field octet 2
Control field octet 3
Control field octet 4
15 - 97
IEC 60870-5-104 , U - format
U format: unnumbered control functions
TESTFR STOPDT STARTDT 1 1
0
0
0
Control field octet 1
Control field octet 2
Control field octet 3
Control field octet 4
15 - 98
IEC 60870-5-104 , user data transfer initialisation (link layer)
Ack V(S) V(R)
0 0 0
Station A
internal counters V after
APDU was sent or received
Station B
internal counters V after
APDU was sent or received
0 0 0
V(S) V(R) Ack
U (STARTDT act)
U (STARTDT con)
The controlling station must activate the user data transfer by sending STARTDT act.
The controlled station answers STARTDT con.
If STARTDT is not confirmed, the connection is closed by the controlling station.
15 - 99
U-format, User data transfer initialisation, example
15 - 100
IEC 60870-5-104 , undisturbed sequences of I - APDUs
Ack V(S) V(R)
0 0 0
Station A
internal counters V after
APDU was sent or received
Station B
internal counters V after
APDU was sent or received
0 0 0
V(S) V(R) Ack
1
2
3
I(0,0)
I(1,0)
I(2,0)
1
2
3
1
2
1
2
I(0,3)
I(1,3)
2
4
4
3
I(3,2)
1...3
O.k.,
delete
buffer
1...2
O.k.,
delete
buffer
15 bit numbers
0...32767
15 - 101
IEC 60870-5-104 , IP address and port number
Every TCP address consists of
IP address (example: 199.5.5.31)
port number
The port number is unique within a system.
The port number in telecontrol-IEC60870-5-104-systems
is always 2404
15 - 102
Port Numbers
Ports are used in the TCP [RFC793] to name the ends of
logical connections which carry long term
conversations. For the purpose of providing services to
unknown callers, a service contact port is defined.
15 - 103
Port Numbers
The port numbers are divided
into three ranges:
1. the Well Known Ports
0 - 1023
2. the Registered Ports 1024
- 49151
3. the Dynamic and/or
Private Ports
49152 - 65535
http://www.iana.org/assignments/port
-numbers
15 - 104
IEC 60870-6 (former IEC 870-6-503 TASE.2)
Telecontrol Application Service Element (TASE.2) protocol
(also known as Inter-Control Centre Communications Protocol, ICCP),
purpose:
Data exchange over Wide Area Networks (WANs)
between a utility control centre and other control centres, other utilities, power
pools, regional control centres, and Non-Utility Generators.
Data exchange information consists of real-time and historical power system
monitoring and control data, including measured values, scheduling data, energy
accounting data, and operator messages.
This data exchange occurs between one control centre's SCADA/EMS host and
another centre's host, often through one or more intervening communications
processors.
15 - 105
Standard for future substation automation systems (SAS)
IEC 61850
Communication Networks and Systems
in Substations
IEC 61850 is a communication and engineering standard
targeting interoperability between devices, systems and
tools from different vendors
15 - 10
IEC 61850 Reference Model
15 - 107
IEC 61850 Modelling Approach
Examples:
switch position with
quality and time stamp
similiar to object definition
in IEC870-5-103
circuit breaker XCBR,
distance protection PDIS,..
integer,
boolean,
time tag
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Examples of Logical Nodes according to IEC 61850-7-4
LN: Logical node zero (only mandatory (M) data) Name: LLN0
LN: Physical device information (only M data) Name: LPHD
LN: Switch controller (only M data) Name: CSWI
LN: Alarm handling (only M data) Name: CALH
LN: Generic automatic process control (all data) Name: GAPC
LN: Generic general IO (all data) Name: GGIO
LN: Measurant Unit (all current and voltage values) Name: MMXU
LN: Telecontrol Interface (all data) Name: ITCI
LN: Telemonitoring Interface (all data) Name: ITMI
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Line
Protection
Traditional approach
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Line
Protection
Logical Device
Breaker IED
LN PCTR
LN PCTR
LN XCBR
Logical Device
Breaker IED
LN PCTR
LN PCTR
LN XCBR
IEC 61850-8-1 / -9-2
Introducing breaker IEDs and protection bus
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IEC 61850 - parts
Part 1 Introduction and Overview
Part 2 Glossary
Part 3 General requirements
Part 4 System and project management
Part 5 Communication requirements for functions and device
models
Part 6 Substation automation system configuration language
(SCL) (e.g. ABB adapter SPA-ZC400: CID files can be exported
to other tools, ICD files are imported relay applications)
Part 7 Basic communication structure for substation and feeder
equipment
7.1 Principles and models
7.2 Abstract communication service interface (ACSI)
7.3 Common data classes
7.4 Compatible logical node classes
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IEC 61850 - parts
Part 8.1 Specific communication service mapping (SCSM) -
mapping to manufacturing message specification (MMS)
(e.g. ABB adapter SPA-ZC400: Applications of REx541/3/5
protection and control devices can be accessed at the vertical
communication)
Part 9.1 Specific communication service mapping (SCSM) serial
unidirectional multidrop point-to-point link
Part 9.2 Specific communication service mapping (SCSM)
mapping on IEEE802.3 based process bus
Part 10 Conformance testing