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,iot'-a+art Law
)he analogue of .oulombs Law is the ,iot'-a+art Law .onsider a current loop %I)
5 r r
dB%r) r-r
d6
dB perpendicular to both d and r'r same 01%4r() dependence o is permeabilit of free space! defined as 4 x 02'3 &b A'0 m'0 4ntegrate to get ,'- Law
B%r ) =
= /2 + sin 9 cos =
(r
+:
( 01(
o I ,= ( r
B
dBz
a a cos = = r ' r8 a( + :(
01(
4ntegrating around loop, onl :'components of dB sur+i+e )he on'axis field is axial!
o I
4 r ' r 8
cos d (
r - r I r a r z
dB
o I
4 r ' r 8
cos ( ( a ) = (
o Ia (
( r ' r8
7
dBz
,onaxis =
(a +:
(
o I a (
(
*agnetic dipoles one current loop E+aluate , field along axis passing through loop
B.d
oI
(a
a ( d:
(
+:
( 71(
=(
oI/2
Aow consider line integral E.d from sheet of electric dipoles m 9 I I 9 m1 %densit of magnetic moments) Beplace I b Np %dipole moment densit ) and o b 01o .ontour C is again closed b large semi'circle which contributes :ero to line integral
Np1(o
E.d
B.d = I
o encl
= o j.dS
S
B j dI = j.dS d S
o I B.d = o Iencl , ( r = o I , = ( r
Exercise# find radial profile of B inside and outside conductor of radius B , ,r <B = ,r >B R r
o Ir ( B ( o I = ( r
-olenoid
Cistributed'coiled conductor Ee parameter# n loops1metre
B I
4f finite length, sum indi+idual loops +ia ,'- Law 4f infinite length, appl Amperes Law B constant and axial inside, :ero outside Bectangular path, axial length L
I L
+ac
%use label B+ac to distinguish from core'filled solenoids) solenoid is to magnetostatics what capacitor is to electrostatics
Belati+e permeabilit
Becall how field in +acuum capacitor is reduced when dielectric medium is insertedF alwa s reduction, whether medium is polar or non'polar# E vac E= B = rB vac r is the analogous expression when magnetic medium is inserted in the +acuum solenoid. .omplication# the B field can be reduced or increased, depending on the t pe of magnetic medium
E.d = 0
E = '
B is unchanged b