Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
What is the sum of all coefficients when the following equation is balanced using the smallest possible whole numbers? __ C2H2 + __O2 __CO2 + __H2O A " C % ! # $$ $&
(Total 1 mark)
2.
$ # g of 'a'O& (Mr ) *!+ is dissol,ed in water to prepare - 2- dm& of solution What is the concentration of the resulting solution in mol dm.&? A " C % - -$ -$ -2 $(Total 1 mark)
3.
What is the sum of all coefficients when the following equation is balanced using the smallest possible whole numbers? __ C2H2 + __O2 __CO2 + __H2O A " C % ! # $$ $&
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
4.
$ # g of 'a'O& (Mr ) *!+ is dissol,ed in water to prepare - 2- dm& of solution What is the concentration of the resulting solution in mol dm.&? A " C % - -$ -$ -2 $(Total 1 mark)
5.
How man/ molecules are present in a drop of ethanol0 C 2H!OH0 of mass 2 & 1 $-.& g? (L ) 2 - 1 $-2& mol.$+ A " C % & - 1 $- $3 & - 1 $-22 - 1 $-22 - 1 $-22
(Total 1 mark)
6.
Which sample has the greatest mass? A " C % $ mol of 4O2 2 mol of '2O 2 mol of Ar 5 mol of 'H&
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
7.
6he relati,e molecular mass of a gas is !2 and its empirical formula is CH 2 What is the molecular formula of the gas? A " C % CH2 C2H5 C&H2 C5H*
(Total 1 mark)
8.
7thanol is used as a component in fuel for some ,ehicles One fuel mi8ture contains $- 9 b/ mass of ethanol in unleaded petrol (gasoline+ 6his mi8ture is often referred to as :asohol 7$(a+ Assume that the other 3- 9 b/ mass of :asohol 7$- is octane $ -- ;g of this fuel mi8ture was burned CH&CH2OH(l+ + &O2(g+ 2CO2(g+ + &H2O(l+ <HO ) .$&2# ;= mol.$ <HO ) .!5#- ;= mol.$
(i+
(1)
(ii+
Calculate the amount0 in mol0 of ethanol and octane in $ -- ;g of the fuel mi8ture
(1)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
(iii+
Calculate the total amount of energ/0 in ;=0 released when $ -- ;g of the fuel mi8ture is completel/ burned
(3)
(b+
>f the fuel blend was ,apori?ed before combustion0 predict whether the amount of energ/ released would be greater0 less or the same 78plain /our answer
9.
What mass0 in g0 of h/drogen is formed when & mol of aluminium react with e8cess h/drochloric acid according to the following equation? 2Al(s+ + 2HCl(aq+ 2AlCl&(aq+ + &H2(g+ A " C % &5! 23(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
10.
What is the total number of h/drogen atoms in $ - mol of ben?amide0 C 2H!CO'H2? A " C % # 2 - 1 $-2& & - 1 $-25 5 2 1 $-25
(Total 1 mark)
11.
What is the sum of the coefficients for the equation when balanced using the smallest possible whole numbers? __'2H5(g+ + __O2(g+ __'O2(g+ + __H2O(g+ A " C % ! 2 # *
(Total 1 mark)
12.
Chloroethene0 C2H&Cl0 reacts with o8/gen according to the equation below 2C2H&Cl(g+ + !O2(g+ 5CO2(g+ + 2H2O(g+ + 2HCl(g+ What is the amount0 in mol0 of H2O produced when $- - mol of C2H&Cl and $- - mol of O2 are mi8ed together0 and the abo,e reaction goes to completion? A " C % 5 -* -$- 2- (Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
13.
A fi8ed mass of gas has a certain ,olume at a temperature of !- @C What temperature is required to double its ,olume while ;eeping the pressure constant? A " C % $-- A &2& A &#& A 252 A
(Total 1 mark)
14.
What is the concentration of 'aCl0 in mol dm.&0 when $- - cm& of - 2-- mol dm.& 'aCl solution is added to &- - cm& of - 2-- mol dm.& 'aCl solution? A " C % - 5!- &-- !-- *-(Total 1 mark)
15.
Which amount of the following compounds contains the least number of ions? A " C % 2 mol of 'aOH $ mol of 'H5Cl 2 mol of CaCl2 $ mol of Al2O&
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
16.
What is the appro8imate molar mass0 in g mol.$0 of Bg4O5C#H2O? A " C % $2$&$&* 252
(Total 1 mark)
17.
Which is both an empirical and a molecular formula? A " C % C!H$2 C!H$C5H* C5H$(Total 1 mark)
18.
$2 molecules of h/drogen gas0 H2(g+0 and ! molecules of o8/gen gas0 O2(g+0 were mi8ed together under conditions which allowed the reaction to go to completion0 according to the following equation 2H2(g+ + O2(g+ 2H2O(g+ 6he following diagram represents the mi8ture of reactants
IB Questionbank Chemistry
Which diagram represents the reaction mi8ture when the reaction was complete? A
"
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
19.
"rass is a copper containing allo/ with man/ uses An anal/sis is carried out to determine the percentage of copper present in three identical samples of brass 6he reactions in,ol,ed in this anal/sis are shown below 4tep $D Cu(s+ + 2H'O&(aq+ + 2H+(aq+ Cu2+(aq+ + 2'O2(g+ + 2H2O(l+ 4tep 2D 5>.(aq+ + 2Cu2+(aq+ 2Cu>(s+ + >2(aq+ 4tep &D >2(aq+ + 242O&2.(aq+ 2>.(aq+ + 45O22.(aq+
(a+
(i+
%educe the change in the o8idation numbers of copper and nitrogen in step $ CopperD
'itrogenD
(2)
(ii+
(b+
A student carried out this e8periment three times0 with three identical small brass nails0 and obtained the following results Bass of brass ) - 5!2 g E - --$ g
Titre Initial volume of 0.100 mol dm 3 !2"32 (# 0.05 $m3) %inal volume of 0.100 mol dm 3 !2"32 (# 0.05 $m3) &olume added of 0.100 mol dm 3 !2"32 (# 0.10 $m3) 'vera(e volume added of 0.100 mol dm 3 !2"32 (# 0.10 $m3)
1 - -2* !2* !-
3 - -2* 52* 5-
IB Questionbank Chemistry
(i+
(2)
(ii+
(1)
(iii+
(1)
(i,+
(1)
(,+
6he manufacturers claim that the sample of brass contains 55 2 9 copper b/ mass %etermine the percentage error in the result
(1)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
10
(c+
With reference to its metallic structure0 describe how brass conducts electricit/
20.
What is the coefficient of Fe&O5 when the following equation is balanced using the lowest whole numbers? __ Al(s+ + __ Fe&O5(s+ __ Al2O&(s+ + __ Fe(s+ A " C % 2 & 5 !
(Total 1 mark)
21.
What is the mass0 in g0 of one molecule of ethane0 C2H2? A " C % & - 1 $-.2& ! - 1 $-.2& &$ * 1 $-2!
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
11
22.
Which molecular formula is also an empirical formula? A " C % GCl& C2H5 H2O2 C2H$2O2
(Total 1 mark)
23.
" C
24.
6he percentage b/ mass of calcium carbonate in eggshell was determined b/ adding e8cess h/drochloric acid to ensure that all the calcium carbonate had reacted 6he e8cess acid left was then titrated with aqueous sodium h/dro8ide (a+ A student added 2# 2- cm& of - 2-- mol dm.& HCl to - $** g of eggshell Calculate the amount0 in mol0 of HCl added
(1)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
12
(b+
6he e8cess acid requires 2& *- cm& of - $-- mol dm.& 'aOH for neutrali?ation Calculate the amount0 in mol0 of acid that is in e8cess
(1)
(c+
%etermine the amount0 in mol0 of HCl that reacted with the calcium carbonate in the eggshell
(1)
(d+
4tate the equation for the reaction of HCl with the calcium carbonate in the eggshell
(2)
(e+
%etermine the amount0 in mol0 of calcium carbonate in the sample of the eggshell
(2)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
13
(f+
Calculate the mass and the percentage b/ mass of calcium carbonate in the eggshell sample
(3)
(g+
%educe one assumption made in arri,ing at the percentage of calcium carbonate in the eggshell sample
25.
2 - mol of aluminium reacts with o8/gen to form aluminium o8ide What is the amount of o8/gen0 in mol0 needed for complete reaction? 5Al(s+ + &O2(g+ 2Al2O&(s+ A " C % $! &5! 2(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
14
26.
What is the total number of nitrogen atoms in t)o mol of 'H5'O&? A " C % 5 2 -2 1 $-2& $ 2- 1 $-25 2 5$ 1 $-25
(Total 1 mark)
27.
On anal/sis0 a compound with molar mass 2- g mol.$ was found to contain $2 g of carbon0 2 g of h/drogen and $2 g of o8/gen What is the molecular formula of the compound? A " C % CH2O CH5O C2H5O C2H5O2
(Total 1 mark)
28.
7qual masses of the metals 'a0 Bg0 Ca and Ag are added to separate samples of e8cess HCl(aq+ Which metal produces the greatest total ,olume of H 2(g+? A " C % 'a Bg Ca Ag
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
15
29.
6he graph below represents the relationship between two ,ariables in a fi8ed amount of gas
Which ,ariables could be represented b/ each a8is? x*a+is A " C % pressure ,olume pressure temperature y*a+is temperature temperature ,olume ,olume
(Total 1 mark)
30.
* ! g of 'H& are dissol,ed in H2O to prepare a !-- cm& solution Which statements are correct? > >> >>> A " C % 'H& is the solute and H2O is the solution 6he concentration of the solution is $# g dm.& I'H&J ) $ - mol dm.&
> and >> onl/ > and >>> onl/ >> and >>> onl/ >0 >> and >>>
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
16
31.
(a+
6he al;ane contains *$ # 9 b/ mass of carbon %etermine its empirical formula0 showing /our wor;ing
(3)
(b+
7qual ,olumes of carbon dio8ide and the un;nown al;ane are found to ha,e the same mass0 measured to an accurac/ of two significant figures0 at the same temperature and pressure %educe the molecular formula of the al;ane
(1)
(c+
(i+
(ii+
(d+
Reaction 1 in,ol,es a freeLradical mechanism %escribe the stepwise mechanism0 b/ gi,ing equations to represent the initiation0 propagation and termination steps
(4)
(e+
6he mechanism in reaction 2 is described as 4'2 (i+ 4tate the meaning of each of the s/mbols in 4'2
(1)
(ii+
78plain the mechanism of this reaction using curl/ arrows to show the mo,ement of electron pairs0 and draw the structure of the transition state
(3) (Total 16 marks)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
17
32.
&-- cm& of water is added to a solution of 2-- cm& of - ! mol dm.& sodium chloride What is the concentration of sodium chloride in the new solution? A " C % - -! mol dm.& - $ mol dm.& - 2 mol dm.& - & mol dm.&
(Total 1 mark)
33.
6he molar mass of a compound is appro8imatel/ !2 g mol .$ Which formula is possible for this compound? A " C % 'a'O& AgOH BgO AOH
(Total 1 mark)
34.
Which compound has the empirical formula with the largest mass? A " C % C2H2 C2H5 C2H2 C&H2
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
18
35.
What is the coefficient for O2(g+ when the equation for the combustion of $ mole of pentane is balanced? C!H$2(g+ + _O2(g+ _CO2(g+ + _H2O(g+MN A " C % ! 2 * $2
(Total 1 mark)
36.
What is the ma8imum mass0 in g0 of magnesium o8ide that can be obtained from the reaction of o8/gen with 2 5 g of magnesium? A " C % 25 &5!2
(Total 1 mark)
37.
! dm& of carbon mono8ide0 CO(g+0 and 2 dm& of o8/gen0 O2(g+0 at the same temperature and pressure are mi8ed together Assuming complete reaction according to the equation gi,en0 what is the ma8imum ,olume of carbon dio8ide0 CO2(g+0 in dm&0 that can be formed? 2CO(g+ + O2(g+ 2CO2 A " C % & 5 ! #
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
19
38.
Which statement about solutions is correct? A " C % When ,itamin % dissol,es in fat0 ,itamin % is the sol,ent and fat is the solute >n a solution of 'aCl in water0 'aCl is the solute and water is the sol,ent An aqueous solution consists of water dissol,ed in a solute 6he concentration of a solution is the amount of sol,ent dissol,ed in $ dm & of solution
(Total 1 mark)
39.
"iodiesel ma;es use of plantsH abilit/ to fi8 atmospheric carbon b/ photos/nthesis Ban/ companies and indi,iduals are now using biodiesel as a fuel in order to reduce their carbon footprint "iodiesel can be s/nthesi?ed from ,egetable oil according to the following reaction
(a+
>dentif/ the organic functional group present in both ,egetable oil and biodiesel
(1)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
20
(b+
For part of her e8tended essa/ in,estigation into the efficienc/ of the process0 a student reacted a pure sample of a ,egetable oil (where K ) C $#H&&+ with methanol 6he raw data recorded for the reaction is below Bass of oil Bass of methanol Bass of sodium h/dro8ide Bass of biodiesel produced ) $-$& - g ) 2-- - g ) &!g ) *$$ - g
6he relati,e molecular mass of the oil used b/ the student is **! 2 Calculate the amount (in moles+ of the oil and the methanol used0 and hence the amount (in moles+ of e8cess methanol
(3)
(c+
6he re,ersible arrows in the equation indicate that the production of biodiesel is an equilibrium process (i+ 4tate what is meant b/ the term dynamic equilibrium
(1)
(ii+
Osing the abbre,iations I,egetable oilJ0 ImethanolJ0 Igl/cerolJ and IbiodieselJ deduce the equilibrium constant e8pression (Kc+ for this reaction
(1)
(iii+
(1)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
21
(i,+
4tate and e8plain the effect that the addition of the sodium h/dro8ide catal/st will ha,e on the position of equilibrium
(2)
(d+
6he reactants had to be stirred ,igorousl/ because the/ formed two distinct la/ers in the reaction ,essel 78plain wh/ the/ form two distinct la/ers and wh/ stirring increases the rate of reaction
(2)
(e+
(2)
(f+
When biodiesel is combusted it produces carbon dio8ide 78plain wh/ the use of biodiesel as a fuel does not significantl/ contribute to global warming
IB Questionbank Chemistry
22
40.
6he percentage of iron(>>+ ions0 Fe2+0 in a ,itamin tablet can be estimated b/ dissol,ing the tablet in dilute sulfuric acid and titrating with standard potassium manganate(P>>+ solution0 ABnO5(aq+ %uring the process iron(>>+ is o8idi?ed to iron(>>>+ and the manganate(P>>+ ion is reduced to the manganese(>>+ ion0 Bn2+(aq+ >t was found that one tablet with a mass of $ 5& g required $$ 2 cm& of 2 -- 1 $-.2 mol dm.& ABnO5(aq+ to reach the endLpoint (a+ (i+ 4tate the halfLequation for the o8idation of the iron(>>+ ions
(1)
(ii+
4tate the halfLequation for the reduction of the BnO5. ions in acidic solution
(1)
(iii+
(b+
(i+
Calculate the amount0 in moles0 of BnO5. ions present in $$ 2 cm& of 2 -- 1 $-.2 mol dm.& ABnO5(aq+
(1)
(ii+
Calculate the amount0 in moles0 of Fe2+ ions present in the ,itamin tablet
(1)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
23
(iii+
%etermine the percentage b/ mass of Fe2+ ions present in the ,itamin tablet
41.
What is the number of o8/gen atoms in one mole of Cu4O 5C!H2O? A " C % ! 3 2 - 1 $-2& ! 5 1 $-25
(Total 1 mark)
42.
Which sample has the greatest mass? A " C % 2 - 1 $-2! molecules of h/drogen ! - mol of neon atoms $ 2 1 $-25 atoms of sil,er $ # 1 $-2 g of iron
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
24
43.
What ,olume of sulfur trio8ide0 in cm&0 can be prepared using 5- cm& sulfur dio8ide and 2- cm& o8/gen gas b/ the following reaction? Assume all ,olumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure 24O2(g+ + O2(g+ 24O&(g+ A " C % 252*(Total 1 mark)
44.
Which sample of nitrogen gas0 '20 contains the greatest number of nitrogen molecules? A " C % $ 5 g '2 $ 5 dm& of '2 at $ -$ 1 $-! Ga and 2#& A $ 5 1 $-2& '2 molecules $ 5 mol '2
(Total 1 mark)
45.
Aspirin0 one of the most widel/ used drugs in the world0 can be prepared according to the equation gi,en below
IB Questionbank Chemistry
25
(a+
(3)
(b+
A student reacted some salic/lic acid with e8cess ethanoic anh/dride >mpure solid aspirin was obtained b/ filtering the reaction mi8ture Gure aspirin was obtained b/ recr/stalli?ation 6he following table shows the data recorded b/ the student & $! E - -2 g 2 !- E - -2 g
(i+
(2)
(ii+
(2)
(iii+
(1)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
26
(i,+
4tate the number of significant figures associated with the mass of pure aspirin obtained0 and calculate the percentage uncertaint/ associated with this mass
(2)
(,+
Another student repeated the e8periment and obtained an e8perimental /ield of $!- 9 6he teacher chec;ed the calculations and found no errors Comment on the result
46.
4mog is common in cities throughout the world One component of smog is GA' (pero8/ac/lnitrate+ which consists of 2- 2 9 C0 $$ 5 9 '0 2! 3 9 O and 2 !- 9 H b/ mass %etermine the empirical formula of GA'0 showing /our wor;ing
(Total 3 marks)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
27
47.
Which nonLmetal forms an o8ide QO2 with a relati,e molecular mass of 2-? A " C % C ' 4i 4
(Total 1 mark)
48.
How man/ o8/gen atoms are there in - 2- mol of ethanoic acid0 CH &COOH? A " C % $ 2 1 $-2& 2 5 1 $-2& & - 1 $-25 2 - 1 $-25
(Total 1 mark)
49.
5 -- mol of a h/drocarbon with an empirical formula of CH 2 has a mass of 2*- g What is the molecular formula of this compound? A " C % C2H5 C&H2 C5H* C!H$(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
28
50.
What will be the concentration of sulfate ions in mol dm .& when - 2- mol of AAl(4O5+2 is dissol,ed in water to gi,e $-- cm& of aqueous solution? A " C % -2 $25(Total 1 mark)
51.
6he ,olume of an ideal gas at 2# - @C is increased from & -- dm & to 2 -- dm& At what temperature0 in @C0 will the gas ha,e the original pressure? A " C % $& ! !5 &2# 2-(Total 1 mark)
52.
6he data below is from an e8periment used to determine the percentage of iron present in a sample of iron ore 6his sample was dissol,ed in acid and all of the iron was con,erted to Fe 2+ 6he resulting solution was titrated with a standard solution of potassium manganate(P>>+0 ABnO5 6his procedure was carried out three times >n acidic solution0 BnO 5. reacts with Fe2+ ions to form Bn2+ and Fe&+ and the end point is indicated b/ a slight pin; colour
titre initial -urette readin( . $m3 %inal -urette readin( . $m3 /ass of iron ore . ( $on$entration of 0/n"4 solution . mol dm
3
1 $ -25 2-
3 $- -&2 !-
IB Questionbank Chemistry
29
(a+
%educe the balanced redo8 equation for this reaction in a$idi$ solution
(2)
(b+
(c+
(2)
(d+
Calculate the amount0 in moles0 of Fe present in the & 2*2 1 $- .$ g sample of iron ore
(2)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
30
(e+
%etermine the percentage b/ mass of Fe present in the & 2*2 1 $- .$ g sample of iron ore
53.
Which coefficients would balance this equation? __ BnO2 + __ HCl __ BnCl2 + __ Cl2 + __ H2O /n"2 12l 2 & 5 5 /n2l2 $ $ $ $ 2l2 $ $ $ 2 12" $ $ 2 2
(Total 1 mark)
A " C %
$ $ $ $
54.
What ,olume of carbon dio8ide0 in dm& under standard conditions0 is formed when # -- g of ethene (C2H50 Mr ) 2* $+ undergoes complete combustion?
"
IB Questionbank Chemistry
31
55.
How man/ h/drogen atoms are in one mole of ethanol0 C2H!OH? A " C % $ --1$-2& & 2$1$-25 ! -2 -(Total 1 mark)
56.
What is the coefficient for H24O5(aq+ when the following equation is balanced0 using the smallest possible integers? __Bg&'2(s+ + __H24O5(aq+ __Bg4O5(aq+ + __('H5+24O5(aq+ A " C % $ & 5 #
(Total 1 mark)
57.
Air bags in cars inflate when sodium a?ide decomposes to form sodium and nitrogenD 2'a'&(s+ 2'a(s+ + &'2(g+ Calculate the amount0 in moles0 of nitrogen gas produced b/ the decomposition of 2 !2 mol of 'a'&(s+ A " C % $ 2* 2 !2 & #* # !2
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
32
58.
What ,olume0 in cm&0 of - 2-- mol dm.& HCl(aq+ is required to neutrali?e 2! - cm & of - 2-mol dm.& "a(OH+2(aq+? A " C % $2 ! 2! !- #! (Total 1 mark)
59.
- 2-- mol of aluminium h/dro8ide is mi8ed with - 2-- mol of sulfuric acid0 and the following reaction occursD 2Al(OH+&(s+ + &H24O5(aq+ Al2(4O5+&(aq+ + 2H2O(l+
(a+
(2)
(b+
(2)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
33
(c+
(1)
(d+
Sewis base
(2)
(e+
H24O5(aq+ is a strong acid 4tate the name and the formula of an/ wea; acid
60.
A to8ic gas0 A0 consists of !& * 9 nitrogen and 52 2 9 carbon b/ mass At 2#& A and $ -$1$-! Ga0 $ -5* g of A occupies 522 cm& %etermine the empirical formula of A Calculate the molar mass of the compound and determine its molecular structure
(Total 3 marks)
IB Questionbank Chemistry
34