Monomers

Safe Handling

PRINCIPLES OF SAFE MONOMER HANDLING Polymerization of acrylic and methacrylic monomers is highly exothermic. Uncontrolled polymerization may result in violent explosion and extensive damage. It is essential to apply the following principles: Keep Monomer Free From Any Contamination
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Do not contact monomers with anything which might lead to polymerization. The MSDS and Brochures give guidance on materials of construction. Contact your supplier for further guidance. Store monomers separate from chemicals which might start a polymerization. These include peroxide initiators, certain metal ions (including iron), water, strong acids and bases, inert gases (including nitrogen), aldehydes, and nucleophilic reagents such as thiols and amines. Be certain that tanks, pipes, and any other containers have been thoroughly cleaned before filling with monomer.

Use and Maintain Proper Inhibitor Levels

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Use an inhibitor level which will keep the monomer stable under normal conditions of storage, shipping, and handling.

Do Not Exceed Recommended Shelf Life

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Inhibitors are consumed over time even under normal storage conditions.

Maintain Proper Dissolved Oxygen Levels in Monomers

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Many inhibitors require oxygen to prevent polymerization. Store monomer in the presence of air. If the presence of air results in a flammable or explosive condition, other appropriate mixtures of oxygen and nitrogen may be used. Use a nitrogen--oxygen mixture containing at least 5% oxygen to blow out residues from lines and other stagnant areas, unless an EHS review has been completed and an approved procedure has been written with sufficient administrative controls to prevent polymerization from insufficient oxygen.

Store Monomers Within Recommended Temperature Limits and Don't Overheat Monomers
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Take appropriate precautions against exposing stored monomer to external fire. Heating can cause a loss of stability which can result in an uncontrolled polymerization. Some monomers are more sensitive to temperature than others. Never use steam in direct contact with monomer.

Avoid Freezing and Take Special Care When Thawing Acrylic and Methacrylic Acids
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Acrylic and methacrylic acids freeze at ordinary temperatures. Temperatures must be carefully controlled during thawing to prevent uncontrolled polymerization.

Use Proper Materials of Construction

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Monomers Safe Handling

Use of proper materials of construction will prevent leaks and equipment damage. Materials formed by corrosion may contaminate the monomer and lead to polymerization. Acrylic and methacrylic acids can corrode metals such as steel. Not all plastics and rubbers are suitable for use with monomers.

Be Aware of Monomer Flammability and Explosivity

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Avoid ignition sources. Avoid atomizing the monomer.

Be Aware of Monomer Odor Thresholds

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Many monomers have low odor thresholds. Even if industrial hygiene limits such as TLV are met, monomer odors may be offensive to the surrounding community.

Follow Your Venting Policy

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Such a policy and related standards should address both routine and emergency venting systems.

Design Monomer Systems Based on These Principles

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Design all monomer systems (equipment, shipment, handling, disposal) so the monomer is stable at all times. Build in positive feedback systems to ensure this.

Write and Use Procedures Based on These Principles

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Cover all aspects of monomer handling: information and material flow, and routine and emergency operations. Ensure that these procedures are understood and followed.