Safe working with Electrical Safety y

Shri PL Kulkarni
B.E B E (Elec (Elec), Elec) ), ) D D.B.M, B M A.M.I.E A M I E

 Indian

Electricity Act, 1910 Indian Electricity Rules, 1956 Electricity Act Act, 2003 Electrical Safety Dos and Donts

Indian Electricity Act, 1910

Enacted 18 March 1910 Resorting R ti t to l legalised li d t technical h i l process Authorised CEB to frame rules for observing electrical safety

Indian Electricity Rules, 1956

Indian Electricity Rules, 1956

Rules framed as per Section 37 of IE Act, 1910 Modified vide Section 53 of Electricity Act, 2003 Observe Ob electrical l t i l safety f t Monitor voltage at points of supply Proper decision in case of disputes Defines powers of Electrical Inspector

Rule 3 - Authorisation

Maintenance of list of authorised persons

Authority y to maintain loads in excess of 250 KW

Rule 29
Construction installation, Construction, installation protection, protection operation and maintenance of electric supply lines and apparatus apparatus. . Ensure safety of humans, animals and property Material and apparatus to conform t BIS to BIS, ISI standards t d d

Rule 33 Earthed E th d Terminal T min l on n Consumers C n m premises

Accessible position near point of commencement of supply Consumer to protect terminal from damage amag

Rule 34 A Accessibility ibilit of f B Bare C Conductors d t

Ensure inaccessibility Provide accessible control switches



Sign of skull and bones

Rule 35 D Danger Notices N ti

Motor, generator, transformer All support of high and extraextra-high voltage Neon signs and HF installations

Rule 36 Handling of Electric Supply Lines & Apparatus pp

Safety equipments be provided to workmen

PTW to be adhered to, prior t repairs to i

Rule 37 Supply to Vehicle, Vehicle Cranes etc

Ensure efficient control by suitable switch

Metal rails to be electrically continuous ti and d earthed th d

Rule 38 Cable for portable/transportable apparatus

Heavily H il i insulated l t d and d adequately d t l protected Metallic covering g to be earthed 3 core for single phase and 4 core for three phase

Rule 40 St Street t B Boxes

Prevent influx of water /gas R Regular l i inspection ti Special key for cover

Rule 43 P Provisions applicable l bl to protection equipment

Fire buckets with clean dry sand Fire extinguishers duly tested Provision of First Aid boxes

Gas masks mandatory for generating stations of capacity > 5 MW

Rule 44 I t Instructions ti f for R Restoration t ti

Instructions in English/Hindi and local language in conspicuous place

In accordance with Section 2 of Factories Act, 1948 Ensure acquaintance of employees with above instructions

Rule 44 A Intimation I ti ti of f A Accident id t

Telephonic intimation to Electrical Inspector within 24 hrs

Detailed report of incident within 48 hrs

Rule 45 P Precautions ti b by Consumers, C Owners O etc t

Only licensed electrical contractors to undertake electrical installations Certificate of Competency to supervisors p and wiremen

Submission of test report

Rule 46 P i di l I Periodical Inspection ti

Intervals not exceeding 5 yrs P Payment t of f fees f Compliance of defects Disconnections

Rule 47 T ti of Testing f Consumers C Installation I t ll ti

Supplier l to test and d inspect Intimate modifications necessary for safety

Rule 47 A Installation ll and d Testing of f Generating G Units

Written permission from Electrical Inspector mandatory for > 10 KW

Rule 48 M Megger Tests T t

Between each live conductor and earth P Pressure of f 1000 volts lt Period of 1 minute IR not less than 1 Mega Ohm

Rule 49 L k Leakage on Consumers C Premises P i

Disconnection of dangerous Installations

48 hrs notice

Rule 50 S Supply l and d Use U of f Energy E

Isolators to be provided L Link switch w or breaker for f Transformers Supply to be controlled by linked switch/circuit breaker/emergency tripping device Control device to be adjacent t motor to t

Rule 50 A Hi h Rise High Ri buildings b ildi > 15 mtrs t

Linked switch/Isolator at height not more than 2.75 mtrs Power duct to be independent f from other th utilities tiliti Wiring to conform to IS standards



Rule 51 Provisions for Medium/High/Extra High Voltage Installations Conductors to be completely p y enclosed Switchboards shall comply with:
COMPARTMENT

FRONT SIDE

SWITCH BOARD

FRONT CLEARANCE NOT LESS THAN 1 METRE

Rule 51 Provisions for Medium/High/Extra High Voltage Installations

COMPARTMENT

FRONT SIDE

SWITCH SWITCH BACK CLEARANCE EITHER < 20 CM BOARD BOARD OR > 75 CM

VERTICAL CLEARANCE ATLEAST 180 CM

Rule 54 D l Declared d V Voltage lt of f Supply S l

Low or medium voltage - 6% High Hi h Voltage, V lt b by > 6% on the th HV side; or by > 9% on LV side Extra High g Voltage, g , by y > 10% on HV side, or by > 12.5% on LV side

Rule 55 D l Declared d F Frequency of f Supply S l

Variation of frequency not > 3% Exceptions: * Written W itt n consent n nt of f consumer * Sanction of State Govt

Rule 57 M t Meters, MD Indicators I di t etc t

Limits of error not to exceed 3% For EHV consumers 1% Examination, E i ti t test t and d regulation l ti of f meters by supplier Maintenance of register of meters by supplier

Rule 58 P i t of Point f C Commencement t of f Supply S l

Shall be deemed to be the point at the incoming terminal of the cutcut-outs installed by the consumer
CUT OUT

TRANSFORMER ISOLATOR

POINT OF COMMENCEMENT OF SUPPLY

Rule 59 P Precautions ti against i t F Failure il of f supply l

Sectionalisation of the layout of the supply system Submission of Interruption information 24 hrs Intimation of Discontinuance of supply for improvement / testing

Rule 61 C Connection ti with ith E Earth th

The f frame m of f every y g generator, , stationary y motor, portable motor, and the metallic parts ( not intended as conductors) of all transformers and any other apparatus used for regulating or controlling energy all medium voltage g energy gy consuming g apparatus pp shall be earthed by the owner by two separate and distinct connection with earth. earth Record of earth test to be maintained by y supp supplier/owner r/own r (earth ( arth test t st not mor more than 1 Ohm)

Rule 61 A E th Leakage Earth L k Protective P t ti Device D i

Provision P i i of f Earth E th l leakage k circuit i it breaker mandatory for loads > 5 KW

Rule 63 A Approval l by b I Inspector t

Written approval of Electrical Inspector mandatory for HV and EHV installations Required tests of installation by owner prior to inspection

Rule 64 Use of energy gy at HV/EHV

Voltage Class Ground Clearance (Metres) 11 KV 33 KV V 66 KV 132 KV 220 KV 400 KV 2.75 3.7 4.0 4.6 5.5 8.0 Sectional Clearance (Metres) 2.6 2.8 .8 3.0 3.5 4.3 6.5

Not exceeding - do - do - do - do - do -

Indoor d oilfield lf ld transformers f not to b be on any fl floor above ground or below first basement Soak pit to be provided for transformers having > 9000 ltrs oil

Rule 64 A
Suitable interlocks to be provided Protection to be provided for disconnection under abnormal conditions

Rule 65 T ti Testing, Operation O ti and d M Maintenance i t

Production of Manufacturers test t t certificate, tifi t In Insulation l ti n resistance i t n test, Earth resistance test, DiDi -electric strength of oil, oil etc mandatory prior to approval by Inspector

Rule 67 C Connection ti with ith E Earth th

All non non-current carrying metal parts associated with HV / EHV installation shall be effectively earthed to a grounding system Neutral point of every generator & transformer shall be earthed by connecting it to the earthing system

General Conditions of transformation and Control of Energy

Rule 68

Provision of ventilation and drainage mandatory y for underground g subsubstations Outdoor subsub-station to be protected by fencing not < 1.8 mtrs in height

Rule 70 C d Condensers

Provisions be made for immediate and automatic discharge of every static condenser on disconnection of supply

Rule 77 Clearance above ground of lowest conductor

Clearance other than along the road or across the h road. d Bare Conduct or 4.6 4.6 Insulated Condu ctor 4.0 4.0

Voltage

Across the road in mtrs

Along the road in mtrs.

Low & medium voltage High Voltage up to 11 KV High Voltage above 11 KV but up to 33 KV

5.8 6.1

5.5 5.6

6.1

5.8

5.2

For EHV lines, clearance not < 5.182 mtrs plus 0.305 mtrs for every 33,000 volts or part thereof by which voltage of line exceeds 33,000

Rule 79 & 80 Cl Clearance from f B Buildings ildi

Voltage L Low & medium di voltage lt For High Voltage lines up to and including 11000 volts For High Voltage lines above 11000 volts & incl incl. . 33000 volts For extra high voltage lines For every additional 33000 volts or part thereof Vertical (In mtrs.) 2 5 2.5 3.7 3.7 Horizontal H i nt l (In mtrs.) 1 219 1.219 1.219 2.0

3.7 0.3

2.0 0.3

Rule 87 Cl Clearance f for O Overhead h d li lines C Crossing i

Clearance in metres for Voltage level 250 V/ 650 V/11 22KV/33K V/66KV /110KV 132 KV 220 KV 3.05 4.58 11 KV 22 KV 33 KV 66 KV 2.44 110 KV 2.75 132 KV 3.05 220 KV 4.58

2.44

2.44

2.44

2.75 3.05 4.58

2.75 3.05 4.58

2.75 3.05 4.58

2.75 3.05 4.58

2.75 3.05 4.58

2.75 3.05 4.58

Rule 90 E thi of Earthing f Overhead O h d Line Li

All metal supports pp and all reinforced and prestressed cement concrete support of overhead lines and metallic fittings attached a a thereto r shall a be permanently p rman n y and an efficiently earthed. For this purpose a continuous earth wire shall be provided and securely fastened to each pole and connected with earth ordinarily at three points in every K.M. the spacing between the points being as nearly equidistance as possible. Alternatively each support and the metallic fitting attached thereto shall be efficiently earthed.

Rule 91 S f t and Safety d P Protective t ti D Devices i

Every E overhead h d line l erected d over any part of street or other public place or in any factory f or mine or on any consumers premises shall be protected with i h a device d i approved d by b the Inspector for rendering the line li electrically l i ll harmless h l in i case i it breaks.

Rule 92 P t ti against Protection i t Li Lightning ht i

Owner of every overhead line which is so exposed as to be liable for injury from lightning, li htnin sh shall ll adopt d pt efficient ffici nt m means ns for f r diverting to earth, any electrical surges due to lightning

Rule 94 to 108 Rule 109 to 132 to be and Rule 133 Government Rule 134 Inspector Rule u 138 rule or 80. Rule 143

: Electric Traction : Additional Precaution adopted in Mines Oilfields : Relaxation by : Relaxation by : Penalty na ty for breach r ach of 44A,45,82,77,79 : Repeal

Employees handling man man-cooler fans while in operation Employees other than electrical handling electrical ctr ca switches sw tch s like fuse, fus , MCB, M , MCCB M & others Using copper wire as fuse against standards during emergencies By-passing safety B Byf limits l & interlocks l k permanently

Near Miss Cases



Use of meters without knowing the basics Use of same coloured probes for the testing meters Improper jointing of cables & without insulation Use of columns as neutral for lighting Mixing of different voltage wires especially in control circuit Use of structure column as ground for welding

Near Miss Cases

Case Study - I

Fatal accident at MIDC Kurkumbh, Dist: Pune on 15 Sep 2001 Companies involved : OKASA Chemicals, VASCON Engineers, g , Technimont ICB Mumbai & MSEB Transportation of foldable aluminium ladder under d 11 KV overhead h d MSEB line li Tripping of 33 KV and 220 KV sub sub-stations scrutinised

HEIGHT OF LADDER 5.8 MTRS

11 KV LINE

MINIMUM REQUIRED CLEARANCE FROM GROUND 5.8 MTRS.

NO HAND GLOVES, SAFETY BELT OR SAFETY SHOES PROVIDED

ACTUAL CLEARANCE DUE TO CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD 5.5 MTRS

Case Study - I

Violation of Rule 82 A No bars or conducting material to be brought in vicinity of bare overhead lines without information to supply company (Technimont ICB) Violation of Rule 36 Every person working on electric supply line or its vicinity to be provided with hand gloves and safety appliances (Technimont ICB) Violation of Rule 77 Minimum clearance of 11 KV line to be 5.8 mtrs (Okasa Chemicals) Violation of Rule 82 Prior notice to supply company and electrical inspector (Okasa Chemicals)

Case Study - I

Violation of Rule 50 Faulty circuit breaker at 33 KV subsub b-station t ti (MSEB) Violation of Rule 90 No earthing to 11 KV poles (MSEB) Violation of Rule 82 - Prior notice to supply company p y and electrical inspector p (Vascon Engineers)

Note: N Note:t - Show Sh Cause C notices ti served d to t all ll f four companies

Case Study - II

Explosion of B.E.S.T transformer at Mumbadevi in Oct 1990 Resulted in death of seven persons Actions during investigation:investigation:- Statements of f all ll concerned d - History sheets of various transformer locations - Test results of the transformer - Site test results

Case Study - II

Conclusions of investigations - Dielectric strength g of oil 24 kv as against g required >40 kv - Poor Viscosity & Specific gravity of oil - Improper fencing f around d transformer f - Transformer more than 35 yrs old Resulting violations - Rule 29 of IE Rules 1956 - Rule 61 of IE Rules 1956 - Rule 68 of IE Rules 1956 - National Electric Code

Case Study - II

Responsibility Since defects in maintenance of various subsub-stations were observed, implied responsibility was attributed to the Head of the Organisation

Role of Licensees

All the Engineers or persons in the commercial side shall be trained in the observance of the relevant provisions in the Electricity Act & Rules. Rules Before releasing the Electric supply, the test report given by the licensed Electrical contractor should h ld be b carefully f ll scrutinized d regarding d the h I.R.Test, earth test etc. If the test report p is erroneous or the integrity g y of the LEC is doubtful the matter shall be referred to the Electrical Inspector before release of supply. pp y If there is a dispute between two contractors for the same installation, their agreement papers with the owner / builder shall be seen for the observance of Rule 45.

Before giving quotation to the consumer for electric supply, Annexure 6 of the Rule 27 for conditions of supply approved by the govt govt. should be referred. Before release of supply to any Individual consumers, the N.O.C. of the local Body /corporation should be seen for the sanctioned load of the Installation comparable to the test report of the same. The supply company should also verify whether the N.O.C. from the Electrical Inspector is obtained as per Rule 50 A, Rule 63 before releasing the supply l for f buildings b ildi h having i h height i ht more than th 15 metres and High tension installations respectively. For releasing supply to the theatres, Auditoriums etc. etc the NOC from the Electrical Inspector under Maharashtra cinema Rules,1966 must be obtained.

Role of Licensees

Role of Licensees

For releasing F l sin t temporary mp supply suppl to t any n Entertainment programme or places of public amusement NOC from the Electrical Inspector under d R Rule l 109 of f th the Rules R l for f licensing li i and d controlling places of public amusement should be obtained. The licensee should also be aware of the Development control rules (DC Rules) of local bodies regarding g g the location and dimensions of the Meter rooms for monitoring the meter reading along with its proper maintenance. As per section 42(5) of Electricity Act, 2003 a consumers redressal forum is to be established by every licensee for resolving their grievances. The Interruption in the electric supply of the licensees area should be reported to the Electrical Inspector in the prescribed from as per Rule 59.

Role of Licensees

Outages or shutdowns if any shall be taken only after giving public notice to the affected area about its duration & scope as laid down in rule 59. Permit P it to t work k system t must t be b followed f ll d in i all ll sorts of outages as laid down in Rule 36 of I.E.Rule 56. Before raising any supplementary bill on account of faulty meter meter, closed meter or any other reasons, reasons the consumers say should also be heard patiently by the Engineers doing the assessment.

Conclusion

Having followed safety precautions and designing the electrical installation installation, providing standard equipments, material along with adequate protection & Control, effecting standard workmanship for working on apparatus, apparatus equipments machineries, the Electrical safety of the Electrical Installation can be achieved. All the above measures would result in treating the electricity as a good servant. This electricity will then serve the mankind throughout the world with maximum safety & minimum accidents for the betterment of the people at large.

I thank you for your patient hearing

A Any Q Questions????? ti ?????