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osLed lrlday , AugusL 23,2013
Whooplng cough on Lhe rlse ln 1exas. ls causlng concern among omclals ln Lhe
ueparLmenL of SLaLe PealLh Servlces.
Whooplng cough ouLbreaks Lend Lo occur every Lhree Lo ve years.
WlLh 1883 cases belng reporLed ln 1exas Lhls year so far, Lhe lasL ma[or ouLbreak ln
1exas was reporLed ln 2009, when 3,338 cases were reporLed.
nauonally- 2012: 38,000 cases reporLed, 16 deaLhs.
Whooplng Cough Cn 1he 8lse ln 1exas, Cn
pace lor PlghesL number of Cases ln 30 ?ears
!"#$%&%''( *%#&+,,-,
27 & 29 Aug 2013
Syllabus and course overview
In class assignment #1
Introduction to microbes
The Golden Age of Microbiology
The 4 questions
Scientific Method
Modern Microbiol.
Basic Research
Applied Microbiology
Name Last, First
Major
I. Major, career objective
1I. All college level Biology and Chemistry courses
<skip 3 lines>
1. What are the four classes of macromolecules (of life)?
2. What are the three Domains of life?
3. What of the five taxonomical Kingdoms of life?
4. What is the most abundant form of life on Earth?
5. What are the steps of the scientific method?
6. What do you hope to gain from taking
BSC 3020 Microbiology?
7. How many species of bacteria resides in you?
8. Infections acquired in a healthcare setting are called?
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"Pls lnsomnla was so bad, he couldn'L sleep durlng omce hours." -ArLhur 8aer
./,&#+0&"# 1"/&(0&2
C|ass: 1u1h 9:30-10:20 A.M. ln 8L100
Lma||s: 18A
Sub[ecL llne: 8SC 3020
Cmce: 18A
Cmce hours: 1u 11 AM - noon
1h 11 AM - 1 M
8y appolnLmenL

k|chard A Long, h.D.
8SC 3020 M|crob|o|ogy
8SC 3020 8esources
Required Text: Microbiology with Diseases
by Taxonomy, 3
rd
ed. Robert W. Bauman
Edition/Copyright: 2nd 2012 Publisher:
Benjamin Cummings.
ISBN-10: 0-321-64043-8; ISBN-13:
978-0-321-64043-7
Text website:
www.masteringmicrobiology.com
New book bundled with with aregistration
code
In addition, you can pay for access to the
website.
FAMU Blackboard: Grades, lectureslides
Biology Tutoring: J ones Hall 3
rd
floor Open
8SC 3020 Lxams and Cradlng
lour exams: muluple cholce, maLchlng, ll ln & shorL answer.
Lxam 1 100 pL (23)
Lxam 2 100 pL (23)
Lxam 3 100 pL (23)
Lxam 4 (llnal & comprehenslve) 100 pL (23)
400 pL (100)
LxLra credlL 0-3: auendance and pop qulzzes.
no exLra credlL asslgnmenLs
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8SC 3020 Lxams and Cradlng
Course grade A: 338+ pL (>89.33)
8: 318+ pL (>79.33)
C: 272+ pL (>68.00)
u: 237+ pL (>39.23)
l: 1+ pL (> 0)
no roundlng of polnLs
Course
ouLllne
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Larly ?ears of Mlcroblology: lnLro Lo Mlcrobes
34(& 5"%, 6-7% 8%(''9 6"": 6-:%;
AnLonl van Leeuwenhoek (uuLch)
ueveloped a slmple mlcroscope
Lxamlned waLer and vlsuallzed
uny anlmals, anlmalcules
8y end of 1800's, Leeuwenhoeks
organlsms were called
mlcroorganlsms
llgure 1.2
Larly ?ears of Mlcroblology: lnLro Lo Mlcrobes
Bacteria
Archaea
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
Small animals
Now classified into 6 categories
See llgure 1.3
<"= 1(/ >-0#"?%, !% 1'(,,-@%$;
unlcellular and lack nuclel
Much smaller Lhan eukaryoLes
Lverywhere Lhere ls sumclenL molsLure
Some found ln exLreme envlronmenLs
8eproduce asexually
8acter|a - cell walls conLaln pepudoglycan,
some lack cell walls, mosL do noL cause dlsease
and some are beneclal
Archaea - cell walls composed of polymers
oLher Lhan pepudoglycan
lnLro Lo Mlcrobes:
rokaryotes- 8acter|a & Archaea
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Larly ?ears of Mlcroblology: lnLro Lo Mlcrobes
rokaryonc
bacter|a|
ce||s
Nuc|eus of
eukaryonc cheek
ce||
llgure 1.4
Lukaryouc (have membrane-bound nucleus)
CbLaln food from oLher organlsms
ossess cell walls
rlmarlly Lwo Lypes:
easts - unlcellular, reproduce asexually by buddlng,
some produce sexual spores
Mo|ds - mulucellular, have hyphae, reproduce by
sexual and asexual spores
lnLro Lo Mlcrobes: Iung|
Larly ?ears of Mlcroblology: lnLro Lo Mlcrobes
Spores nyphae 8udd|ng ce||s
llgure 1.3
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Slngle-celled eukaryoLes
Slmllar Lo anlmals ln nuLrlenL needs and cellular
sLrucLure
Llve freely ln waLer, some llve ln anlmal hosLs
Asexual (mosL) and sexual reproducuon
MosL are capable of locomouon by
lnLro Lo Mlcrobes: rotozoa
llgure 1.6
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"#$%&$'(# )*+&$'(
lnLro Lo Mlcrobes: A|gae
unlcellular or mulucellular eukaryoLes
hoLosynLheuc
Slmple reproducuve sLrucLures
CaLegorlzed on Lhe basls of plgmenLauon, sLorage
producLs, and composluon of cell wall
llgure 1.7
Parmful Algal 8looms (PA8s)
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lnLro Lo Mlcrobes: V|ruses
1 lnch = 2.34cm
1 cm= 10 mm mllll
1 mm = 1000 m mlcro
1 m = 1000 nm nano
1 nm = 1000 pm plco
rex
llgure 1.9
lnLro Lo Mlcrobes: araslLes
llgure 1.8
"#$%&$'(# )*+&$'(,
Amoeba, rare
Warm fresh waLer
& sedlmenL
93 leLhal
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1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
SclenusLs, 1830-1903, searched for answers Lo
four quesuons
-. ./*01#0$*2. %$0$'#3*0 *) 4(5'*6(#& &()$ /*..(6&$7
89#1 5#2.$. )$'4$01#3*07
89#1 5#2.$. :(.$#.$7
;*+ 5#0 +$ /'$<$01 (0)$53*0 #0: :(.$#.$7
1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
5"%, >-0#"?-(' 6-7% A*"/&(/%"+,'9 B%/%#(&%;
Some philosophers and scientists of the past
thought living things arose from
asexual reproduction
sexual reproduction
from nonliving matter
Aristotle proposed spontaneous generation
living things can arise from nonliving matter
1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
ked|s Lxper|ments on Spontaneous|y Generate
MeaL exposed Lo les was soon lnfesLed
When decaylng meaL was kepL lsolaLed from les,
maggoLs never developed
SclenusLs began Lo doubL ArlsLoLles Lheory
llgure 1.10
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1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
SclenusLs dld noL belleve anlmals could arlse
sponLaneously, but dld belleve mlcrobes could
Needhams Lxper|ments
8olled beef gravy and lnfuslons of planL maLerlal relnforced
Lhls ldea ! mlcroblal growLh, Lherefore SC
Spa||anzan|s Lxper|ments
needham falled Lo heaL vlals sumclenLly Lo klll all mlcrobes
or had noL sealed vlals ughLly enough
Mlcroorganlsms ln alr and can conLamlnaLe experlmenLs?
8epeaLed buL sealed conLalner ! no growLh, no SC
1#-C0, sald sealed vlals dld noL allow enough alr for organlsms
Lo survlve and LhaL prolonged heaung desLroyed llfe force."
1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
Pasteurs Experiments
1822-1893
lrance
See llgure 1.12
1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
5"%, >-0#"?-(' 6-7% A*"/&(/%"+,'9 B%/%#(&%;
1he Sc|ennhc Method
uebaLe over sponLaneous generauon led ln parL Lo
developmenL of sclenuc meLhod
llgure 1.13
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1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
1he Sc|ennhc Method
! A group of observanons leads sclenusL Lo ask quesnon
abouL some phenomenon
! 1he sclenusL generaLes hypothes|s (poLenual answer Lo
quesuon)
! 1he sclenusL deslgns and conducLs experlmenL Lo test
hypothes|s
! Cbserved resulLs of experlmenL,
'$=$51. 9>/*19$.(.
4*:(?$. 9>/*19$.(.
1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
Spolled wlne LhreaLened llvellhood of vlnLners
@*4$ 6$&($<$: #(' 5#2.$: )$'4$01#3*0A *19$'. (0.(.1$:
&(<(0% *'%#0(.4. 5#2.$: )$'4$01#3*0
B9(. :$6#1$ #&.* &(0C$: 1* :$6#1$ *<$' ./*01#0$*2.
%$0$'#3*0
vlnLners funded research of meLhods Lo promoLe
producuon of alcohol and prevenL spollage durlng
fermenLauon
What Causes Fermentation?
Sugar
alcohols
aclds
7%#D%/&(C"/
1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology:
lermenLauon
llgure 1.14
Who produces the w|ne?
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1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
8uchner's experlmenLs, enzymes noL cells drlve Lhe process
foundauon of blochemlsLry
Contro|
1reatment
1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
So Lhe sLarL of lndusLrlal mlcroblology
lood & beverages
Cheeses
Alcohol
Soy sauce/vlnegar
?ogurL/Sour Cream
CLher producLs
Anubloucs
Puman growLh hormone, lnsulln
Lnzymes ln laundry & draln cleaner
vlLamlns
ulaLomaceous earLh
See 1able 1.1
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1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
34(& 1(+,%, 5-,%(,%;
asLeur developed germ Lheory of dlsease
8oberL koch sLudled causauve agenLs of
dlsease
Lxamlned colonles of mlcroorganlsms
AnLhrax
Cholera
1843-1910
Cermany
llgure 1.13
The Golden Age of Microbiology: causative agents of disease
llgure 1.16
Kochs Postulates
1
2
3
4
8/29/13
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kochs Contr|bunons to M|crob|o|ogy
Slmple sLalnlng Lechnlques
llrsL phoLomlcrograph of bacLerla
llrsL phoLomlcrograph of bacLerla ln dlseased
ussue
1echnlques for esumaung Clu/ml
use of sLeam Lo sLerlllze medla
use of eLrl dlshes
Asepuc Lechnlques
8acLerla as dlsuncL specles
The Golden Age of Microbiology: causative agents of disease
1able 1.2
The Golden Age of Microbiology: causative agents of disease
1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
<"= 1(/ 3% E#%F%/& ./7%0C"/ (/$ 5-,%(,%;
Igar Semme|we|s: handwashlng
Ioseph L|ster: anusepuc Lechnlque
I|orence N|ghnnga|e: nurslng
Ionathan Snow: lnfecuon conLrol and epldemlology
Ldward Ienner: vacclne - eld of lmmunology
au| Lhr||ch:maglc bulleLs - eld of
chemoLherapy
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1he Colden Age of Mlcroblology
1he Modern Age of Mlcroblology
1able 1.3
Basic Research
>-0#"?%G0%/&%#%$
8acLerlology
hycology
Mycology
roLozoology
araslLology
vlrology
E#"0%,,G0%/&%#
Mlcroblal meLabollsm
Mlcroblal geneucs
LnvlronmenLal mlcroblology
Mlcroblal ecology
1he Modern Age of Mlcroblology
1able 1.3
Applied Microbiology
Medical Microbiol.
Serology
Immunology
Etiology
Infection control
Chemotherapy
Epidemiology
Applied Environ. Microbiol.
Bioremediation
Public health microbiol.
Agricultural microbiol.
Industrial Microbiol. (Biotech)
Food & Beverages Technology
Pharmaceutical Microbiol.
*** Biofuels ***
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1he Modern Age of Mlcroblology
34(& H#% &4% !(,-0 14%D-0(' 8%(0C"/, "7 6-7%;
8lochemlsLry
8egan wlLh asLeurs work on fermenLauon
and
8uchners dlscovery of enzymes ln yeasL
exLracL
kluyver and van nlel - mlcrobes used as model
sysLems for blochemlcal reacuons
racucal appllcauons
ueslgn of herblcldes and pesucldes
ulagnosls of lllnesses and monlLorlng of pauenLs
responses Lo LreaLmenL
1reaLmenL of meLabollc dlseases
urug deslgn
1he Modern Age of Mlcroblology
<"= 5" B%/%, 3"#:;
Mlcroblal geneucs
Molecular blology
8ecomblnanL unA Lechnology
Cene Lherapy
1he Modern Age of Mlcroblology
34(& 8"'% 5" >-0#""#I(/-,D, E'(9 -/ &4%
J/F-#"/D%/&;
8ecycllng of chemlcals such as carbon, nlLrogen,
and sulfur
8loremedlauon uses llvlng bacLerla, fungl, and
algae Lo deLoxlfy polluLed envlronmenLs
8/29/13
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1he Modern Age of Mlcroblology
<"= 5" 3% 5%7%/$ HI(-/,& 5-,%(,%;
Sero|ogy
1he sLudy of blood serum
von 8ehrlng and klLasaLo - exlsLence ln Lhe blood of
chemlcals and cells LhaL ghL lnfecuon
Immuno|ogy
1he sLudy of Lhe bodys defense agalnsL speclc
paLhogens
Chemotherapy
llemlng dlscovered penlclllln
uomagk dlscovered sulfa drugs
1he Modern Age of Mlcroblology
See llgure 1.20
1he Modern Age of Mlcroblology
34(& 3-'' &4% K+&+#% <"'$;
Mlcroblology ls bullL on asklng and answerlng
quesuons
1he more quesuons we answer, Lhe more
quesuons we have
Cenomlcs has opened andora's box..
SynLheuc Llfe.