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History of New Thought - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

HistoryofNewThought
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

ThehistoryofNewThoughtstartedinthe 1830s,withrootsintheUnitedStatesand England.Asaspiritualmovementwith rootsinmetaphysicalbeliefs,NewThought hashelpedguideavarietyofsocialchanges throughoutthe19th,20th,andintothe21st centuries.Psychologistandphilosopher WilliamJameslabelledNewThought"the religionofhealthymindedness"inhisstudy onreligionandscience,TheVarietiesof ReligiousExperience.[1][2]

NewThought
Beliefs
OmnipresenceDivinity PositivethinkingAttraction MetaphysicsorHuna AffirmationVisualization Higherconsciousness Prosperity

Partofaserieson

Contents
1Roots 2Foundingfigures 3Movementleaders 4Organizations 5Gallery 6References 7Externallinks

Movement
Denominations
DivineScienceJewishScience ReligiousScienceUnity SeichonoIe

Churches
ChurchoftheTruth CentersforSpiritualLiving InternationalNewThoughtAlliance AgapeInternationalSpiritualCenter AffiliatedNewThoughtNetwork UniversalFoundationforBetterLiving

Roots
RootedinSocrates'notionofuniversal science,earlyNewThoughtleadersshared aRomanticinterestbetweenmetaphysics andAmericanChristianity.Inadditionto NewThought,ChristianScience, transcendentalmeditation,theosophy,and othermovementswerebornfromsimilar interests,allinthelate18thandearly19th century.EarlyNewThoughtleaderswere influencedbyCalvinisticbeliefinthe absolutesovereigntyofGodJohnLocke's beliefthatanythingthatexistedinthemind thatcouldbeexpressedthroughwordsand thetranscendentalistbeliefthatideal

Schools
UnityVillageNoeticAdvancedStudiesInstitute EmersonTheologicalInstitute

Othergroups
AffiliatedNewThoughtNetworkAssociationforGlobalNewThought ChristianScienceInternationalNewThoughtAlliance

Otherentities
InternationalDivineScienceAssociationTheInfiniteWayLeagueforthe LargerLifeHomeofTruthNewCivilizationChurchPsychiana

People

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spirituality"transcends"thephysicalandis realizedonlythroughindividualintuition, insteadofthroughreligion.[3]

Foundingfigures
BeforeanyonepracticedNewThoughtasa setofbeliefstherewereafewinfluential figureswhoseteachinglatercontributedto themovement.Thefounderofthe18th centuryNewChurch,Emanuel Swedenborg,extendedclearinfluenceon manyauthors'NewThoughtwritingson theBible.[4]RalphWaldoEmersonwas alsoinfluential,ashisphilosophical movementoftranscendentalismis incorporatedthroughoutNewThought.[5] FranzMesmer'sworkonhypnosisdrove theworkofPhineasQuimby,whowas healedthroughtheworkofCharles Poyen.[6]

Historical WilliamWalkerAtkinsonNonaL.BrooksH.EmilieCadyMalinda CramerJuliusDresserHoratioDresserWarrenFeltEvansCharles FillmoreMyrtleFillmorePerryJosephGreenFrankChanningHaddock NapoleonHillEmmetFoxErnestHolmesFenwickeHolmesEmmaCurtis HopkinsPhineasParkhurstQuimbyJuliaSeatonSearsElizabethTowne ThomasTrowardWallaceWattles Modern MichaelBeckwithKateAtkinsonBoehmeRhondaByrneDaleCarnegie RobertCollierTerryColeWhittakerHenryDrummondWayneDyer MatthewFoxJamesDilletFreemanThaddeusGolasJoelS.Goldsmith StuartGraysonLouiseHayEstherHicksJerryHicksJeanHouston ByronKatieChristianD.LarsonA.K.MozumdarCarolineMyssEarl NightingaleCatherinePonderDellaReeseFlorenceScovelShinnSamuel SmilesMasaharuTaniguchiEckhartTolleThreeInitiatesIyanla VanzantNealeDonaldWalschLilianWhitingEllaWheelerWilcoxStuart WildeGaryZukav Seealso ListofNewThoughtwriters

Othertopics
HistoryLiteratureGlossary

Religionportal

VTE(//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:NewThought&action=edit) PhineasP.Quimbyiswidelyrecognizedas thefounderoftheNewThought movement.BornandraisedinPortland,Maine,Quimbylearnedaboutthepowerofthemindtohealthrough hypnosiswhenheobservedCharlesPoyen'swork.[7]In1838,Quimbybegantopracticehypnotism.Through thispracticeandfurtherstudy,hedevelopedtheviewthatillnessisamatterofthemind.Aftermovingto Belfast,Maine,heopenedanofficeformentalhealinginPortlandin1859.FourofQuimby'spatientsbecame thegreatestproponentsofhiswork.

CalvinisticBaptistministerialcandidateJuliusDresserandhiswifeAnnettaG.Seaburycamefrom Waterville,MainetobehealedbyQuimbyin1860.Theywerehealedinashorttime.[8]In1882,Dresserand Seaburybeganpromotingwhattheycalledthe"QuimbySystemofMentalTreatmentofDiseases"inBoston. TheirsonHoratiofiguresimportantlyinNewThoughthistory,later.Julius,apopularlecturer,editedThe QuimbyManuscripts,whichQuimbywrotebetween1846and1865.[9] In1862,MaryBakerEddy,originallyaCongregationalChurchmember,cametoQuimbytobehealedfor lifelongillhealth.AfterwardsEddywentontofoundChristianScience.Becauseofthis,whilenotseenasa NewThoughtdenomination,ChristianScienceislargelyregardedbyNewThoughtfollowerstobeheavily drivenbyNewThoughtbeliefs.ChristianScientistsdisagree,frequentlystatingthatEddywasnotinfluenced byQuimby.[10]In1875EddypublishedScienceandHealth,thusestablishingChristianScienceasa denomination.

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AformerMethodistministerandSwedenborgianministernamedWarrenEvanscametoQuimbyforhealing in1863.Whenhewashealedshortlyafter,hestartedwritingNewThoughtliteratureimmediately.One sourcenameshimasthefirstpersontopublishaclearphilosophybasedonQuimby'spractices.[11]

Movementleaders
AfterthephilosophyofNewThoughtwasestablished,severalindividualsandorganizationsroseto prominencetopromotethebeliefs.However,thereisnoconsensusonwhofoundedtheNewThought movement.CharlesBrodiePattersonhasbeencredited.Patterson,aCanadianexpatriatewholivedinNew YorkCity,waslabelledthemovement'sleaderwhenhediedintheearly20thcentury.[12]OneofEddy's earlyChristianSciencestudents,UrsulaGestefeld,createdaphilosophycalledthe"ScienceofBeing"after Eddykickedheroutofherchurch.ScienceofBeinggroupseventuallyformedtheChurchofNewThought in1904,whichwasthefirstgrouptoreferitselfassuch.[13]WhileJuliusDresser,andlaterhissonHoratio, aresometimescreditedasfoundersofNewThoughtasanamedmovement,otherssharethistitle.Horatio wroteAHistoryoftheNewThoughtMovement,whichwaspublishedin1919,andnamedhisfatheran essentialfigureinfoundingthemovement.EmmaCurtisHopkinsisalsoconsideredafounder. Hopkins,calledthe"TeacherofTeachers",wasaformerstudentofMaryBakerEddy.Becauseofherrolein teachingseveralinfluentialleaderswhoemergelaterinNewThoughtmovementhistory,sheisalsogiven creditasamotherofthemovement.InspiredbymedievalmysticJoachimofFiore,Hopkinsviewedthe ChristianTrinity:GodtheFather,GodtheSon,andGodtheMotherSpirit.ShewroteHighMysticismand ScientificChristianMentalPracticeandfoundedtheEmmaHopkinsCollegeofMetaphysicalScience,which graduatedalargenumberofwomen.[14]

Organizations
NumerouschurchesandgroupsdevelopedwithintheNewThoughtmovement.EmmaCurtisHopkinsis calledthe"TeacherofTeachers"becauseofthenumberofpeopleshetaughtwhowentontofoundgroups withintheNewThoughtmovement.AfterlearningfromHopkins,AnnieRixMilitzwentontofoundthe HomeofTruth.Anotherstudent,MalindaE.CramerbecameacofounderofDivineScience,alongwith Mrs.Bingham,wholatertaughtNonaL.Brooks,whocofoundedDivineSciencewithCramer.Charlesand MyrtleFillmore,whowenttoHopkinstogether,wentontofoundtheUnitySchoolofChristianity afterwards.AuthorslearnedfromHopkins,too,includingDr.H.EmilieCady,writeroftheUnitytextbook LessonsinTruthEllaWheelerWilcox,NewThoughtpoetandElizabethTowne.Considerablylater,Ernest Holmes,whoestablishedReligiousScienceandfoundedtheUnitedCentersforSpiritualLiving.[15] TheUnityChurchisthelargestNewThoughtchurchtoday,withthousandsofmembersaroundtheworld.It wasformedbytheFillmoresin1891.DivineSciencewasalsofoundedinthelate19thcenturybyMelinda CramerandNonaBrooks.TheUnitedCentersforSpiritualLivingwasfoundedbyErnestHolmesin1927. Asimilarorganization,theSocietyforJewishScience,originallyconceivedbyRabbiAlfredG.Mosesinthe early1900s,themovementwasinstitutionalizedin1922withRabbiMorrisLichtenstein's.TheNewThought movementextendsaroundtheworld.ThelargestdenominationoutsidetheU.S.,SeichonoIe,wasfounded in1930byMasaharuTaniguchiinJapan.Today,ithasmissionsaroundtheworld,includingtheU.S.[16]

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Smallerchurches,includingtheHomeofTruthfoundedin1899inAlameda,Californiacontinue successfully,[17]asdoestheAgapeInternationalSpiritualCenter,amegachurchledbyRev.Dr.Michael BeckwithintheLosAngelesarea. AvarietyofumbrellaNewThoughtorganizationshaveexisted,includingtheInternationalNewThought Alliance,whichexistedinsomeformasearlyas1899.TheAffiliatedNewThoughtNetworkwasformedin 1992toprovideanoverarchingNewThoughtorganization.Since1974theUniversalFoundationforBetter LivinghasbeenagatheringofChristianNewThoughtcongregationsaroundtheworld.[18]InNewYork City,NewThoughtleaderscreatedanumbrellaorganizationcalledtheLeaguefortheLargerLife.Itlasted from1916throughthe1950s. TherehavebeenmanyNewThoughtschools.ThemostfamousmaybetheUnitySchoolofChristianityin Missouri,foundedintheearly20thcentury.TheEmersonTheologicalInstitutehasoperatedsince1992.[19] Attheturnofthe20thcenturyHoratioDresserrananorganizationcalledtheSchoolofApplied Metaphysics.[20] PsychianawasamailorderdenominationoperatedbyFrankB.Robinsonthattaughtandspreadtheword aboutNewThoughtthroughtheU.S.PostalService.[citationneeded]

Gallery
Foundingfiguresandmovementleaders

EmanuelSwedenborg.

PhineasQuimby.

EmmaCurtisHopkins.

CharlesFillmore.

NonaL.Brooks.

MalindaCramer.

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References
1. ^James,W.(1902)"Thereligionofhealthymindedness" (http://xroads.virginia.edu/~hyper/wjames/ch04_05.html),TheVarietiesofReligiousExperience.RetrievedJune 12,2011. 2. ^"Ourhistory"(http://www.newthoughthistory.org/New_Thought_History/Narrative_History.html). NewThoughtHistory.com.RetrievedJune15,2011. 3. ^Braden,C.S.(1963)"ABriefHistoryofTheNewThoughtMovement" (http://www.tricitychurchrsi.org/html/new_thought.html),SpiritsInRebellion.RetrievedJune14,2011. 4. ^Mosley,G.(2006)NewThought,AncientWisdom:TheHistoryandFutureoftheNewThoughtMovement. TempletonFoundationPress.p131. 5. ^Mosley,G.(2006)p.132. 6. ^Fuller.(1982)MesmerismandtheAmericanCureofSouls.Philadelphia:UniversityofPennsylavaniaPress 7. ^Fuller.(1982) 8. ^(1999)"HoratioWillisDresser"(http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC),ReligiousLeadersofAmerica 2nded.FarmingtonHills,MI:GaleGroup. 9. ^Quimby,P.P.(1921)TheQuimbyManuscripts(http://www.ppquimby.com/hdresser/manscpts/manscpt.htm). EditedbyJ.HoratioandH.Horatio.RetrievedJune15,2011. 10. ^Gottschalk,S.(1973)TheEmergenceofChristianScienceinAmericanReligiousLife.Berkeley:Universityof CaliforniaPress.p130. 11. ^Teahan,J.F.(1979)"WarrenFeltEvansandMentalHealing:RomanticIdealismandPracticalMysticismin NineteenthCenturyAmerica",ChurchHistory.Vol.48,No.1. 12. ^Mount,N.J.andMount,N.(2005)WhenCanadianliteraturemovedtoNewYork.UniversityofToronto Press,2005.p91. 13. ^Braden,C.S.(1963)"ABriefHistoryofTheNewThoughtMovement" (http://www.tricitychurchrsi.org/html/new_thought.html),SpiritsInRebellion.RetrievedJune14,2011. 14. ^Harley,G.M.(2002)EmmaCurtisHopkins:ForgottenfounderofNewThought.SyracuseUniversityPress.p 53. 15. ^Braden,C.S.(1963)"ABriefHistoryofTheNewThoughtMovement" (http://www.tricitychurchrsi.org/html/new_thought.html),SpiritsInRebellion.RetrievedJune14,2011. 16. ^(1970)RiceUniversityStudies,Volume56,Issues12.p.210. 17. ^Keller,R.S.,Ruether,R.R.,andCantlon,M.(2006)EncyclopediaofwomenandreligioninNorthAmerica, Volume2.IndianaUniversityPress. 18. ^DuPree,S.S.(1996)AfricanAmericanHolinessPentecostalMovement:Anannotatedbibliography.Taylor& Francis.p380. 19. ^Mosley,G.(2006)NewThought,AncientWisdom:TheHistoryandFutureoftheNewThoughtMovement. TempletonFoundationPress.p141. 20. ^Tumber,C.(2002)Americanfeminismandthebirthofnewagespirituality:searchingforthehigherself, 18751915.Rowman&Littlefield,2002.p.126.

Externallinks
INTANewThoughtHistoryChart(http://www.websyte.com/alan/intachrt.htm) Retrievedfrom"http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_New_Thought&oldid=579537425" Categories: Historyofreligion NewThought

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