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Mechanical Engineer
EMetahnex
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Shell and tube heat exchangers are one of
the most common equipment found in all
plants
How it works?
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Classification according to service .
Heat Exchanger
Both sides single phase and process stream
Cooler
One stream process fluid and the other cooling water or air
Heater
One stream process fluid and heating utility as steam
Condenser
One stream condensing vapor and the other cooling water or air
Reboiler
One stream bottom stream from a distillation column and the other a hot
utility
or process stream
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Code
Is recommended method of doing something
ASME BPV – TEMA
Standard
is the degree of excellence required
API 660-ASME B16.5–ASME B36.10M–ASME B36.19-ASME B16.9–ASME B16.11
Specifications
Is a detailed description of construction, materials,… etc
Contractor or Owner specifications
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1- Channel Cover 8- Shell
2- Channel 9- Baffles
3- Channel Flange 10- Floating Head backing
4- Pass Partition Device
11- Floating Tubesheet
5- Stationary Tubesheet 12- Floating Head
6- Shell Flange 13- Floating Head Flange
7- Tube 14 –Shell Cover
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Front Head Type
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Shell Type
E - Type F - Type
J - Type
K - Type
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Rear End Head Types
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U-Tube Heat Exchanger
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AES
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AKT
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Terminology
Design data
Material selection
Codes overview
Sample calculations
Hydrostatic test
Sample drawing
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ASME : American Society of Mechanical Engineers
TEMA : Tubular Exchanger Manufacturer Association
API : American Petroleum Institute
MAWP : Maximum Allowable Working Pressure
MDMT : Minimum Design Metal Temperature
PWHT : Post Weld Heat Treatment
NPS – DN – NB – NPT
Sch - BWG
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Heat Exchanger Data Sheet :
TEMA type
Design pressure
Design temperature
Dimensions / passes
Tubes ( dimensions, pattern)
Nozzles & Connections
Baffles (No. & Type)
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B
A
A – Yield C
Strength
B – Tensile Strength
C – Rupture
point
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Creep Strength
a slow plastic strain increased by time and temperature
(time and temperature dependant) for stressed materials
Fatigue Strength
The term “fatigue” refers to the situation where a
specimen breaks under a load that it has previously
withstood for a length of time
Toughness
The materials capacity to absorb energy, which, is
dependant upon strength as well as ductility
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ASME code Overview
Sec.I Power Boilers
Sec.II Materials
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ASME code overview
Sec. II: Materials
Part A : Ferrous material specifications
Part B : Non-Ferrous material specifications
Part C : Specifications of welding rods, electrodes and filler
metals
Part D : Properties
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ASME code overview
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TEMA code overview
TEMA classes:
Class R: Generally severe requirements for petroleum
and related processing applications
TEMA subsections
10 subsection
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Sample Calculations
Shell thickness calculations under Internal Pressure:
PR
t= . + CA + UT
SE – 0.6 P
t : Min. Required Shell Thickness
P : Design Pressure of Shell Side
S: Max. Allowable Stress of Shell Material
R: Shell Inside Radius (corroded conditions)
E : Joint Efficiency
CA: Corrosion Allowance
UT: Under Tolerance (if applicable)
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Sample Calculations
Channel thickness calculations under Internal Pressure:
PR
t= . + CA + UT
SE – 0.6 P
t : Min. Required Channel Thickness
P : Design Pressure of Tube Side
S: Max. Allowable Stress of Channel Material
R: Channel Inside Radius (corroded conditions)
E : Joint Efficiency
CA: Corrosion Allowance
UT: Under Tolerance (if applicable)
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Sample Calculations
Body Flanges:
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Sample Calculations
Body Flanges:
Trial and error calculations
Gasket seating conditions
Operating conditions
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Sample Calculations
Precautions in body flanges design and installations:
Pairs of flanges
Bolt holes shall straddle center line
Corrosion Allowance
Cladding
Bolts shall be multiple of 4
Bolting shall be allowed to be removed from either side
Calculated thickness not include the RF
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Sample Calculations
Nozzles and standard flanges:
Impingement protection
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Sample Calculations
Tubesheet:
• Tubesheet is the principal barrier between shell side and tube
side
• Made from around flat piece of metal with holes drilled for the
tubes
• Tubes shall be uniformly distributed
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Sample Calculations
Tubesheet:
• Tubesheet thickness for bending
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Sample Calculations
Tubesheet:
• Tubesheet thickness for Shear:
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Tube-to-Tubesheet
joint
Expanded
Strength welded
Seal welded
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Hydrostatic Test
Test Procedure
Gasket change
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Sample drawing
Construction drawing is the design output
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Baher EL Shaikh
baherfm@yahoo.com
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