Buddhadatta Studies

Studies in Ven.
Buddhadattas Prosody
(Vinayavinicchaya, Uttaravinicchaya, Abhidhammvatra,
& Buddhavasahakath Madhuratthavilsin)
(Vassna 2005/2549)
nandajoti Bhikkhu
Preface
The texts examined in this series are as found on the Chaha
Sangyana CD-ROM version 3, published by the Vipassana
Research Institute, Igatpuri (no date given, but = 1999). The
quotations from the text have been reformatted to comply with the
standards employed on this website.
The analysis which follows is what we may call a rough analysis,
as it has not proved possible to re-establish the text, owing to the
time restraints involved in making these studies. To arrive at a
complete and satisfactory text for examination would have
required re-editing all four texts, which is obviously beyond the
scope of the current enquiry.
I have therefore sometimes made changes to the texts when they
seem to be me to be necessary, but they have been made on no
other authority than their intrinsic likelihood. They do, of course,
affect the description of the metres and their usage, but they are
never so great as to affect anything fundamental. The greatest
number of changes introduced was in the Vinayavinicchaya, where
they amounted to 18 in the whole text (containing 3,200 verses).
Any changes that have been introduced into the verses that are
quoted in the examples, have been noted in the appropriate place.
These studies, besides describing a more or less unique prosody,
which seems to stand somewhere between the Canonical and
Classical periods, also provide some excellent examples of Classical
metres, some of which are so rare in the literature that they
havent even been described in the prosodic literature itself, so far
as I am aware.
nandajoti Bhikkhu
September 2005
Table of Contents
Preface
1: Vinayavinicchaya
1: The Text
2: Sarabhatti & Resolution
3: Analysis of the metres
a: Siloka
b: Other Metres
2: Uttaravinicchaya
1: The Text
a: Siloka
b: Other Metres
3: Abhidhammvatra
1: The Text
a: Siloka
b: Other Metres
4: Madhuratthavilsin-ahakath
1: The Text
a: Siloka
b: Other Metres
Studies in Ven. Buddhadattas Prosody

1: Vinayavinicchaya
1: The Text
The first of the texts to be examined is Vinayavinicchaya, a verse
1
summary of the Vinayapiaka, together with a short section at the
end on Kammahna. There are some 3,200 verses in the work.2
Most of the verses consist of 4 lines, but occasionally there are 6,
which means that there are altogether 13,026 lines in the work. Of
these 12,550 are in Siloka metre (96.3%); and the remainder are in
a mixture of Classical Metres.

Sarabhatti vowels are fairly frequent, being found on 32 occasions,
and are mainly of the riy type, only arahati at 2567d, 2703d,
2704d being of a different kind. The following table lists the
occurrence of sarabhatti vowels, which occur in the following
lines: pricariyya 363b; pricariyya 365d, 366d; veuriya 750b;
pariyanto 774c; pariyya 899a; sriye3 914c, 1145c, 1147a, 1576b;
pariyya 937c; pariyya 1106c; pariyye 1110a, 1111a;
nevhariyamna 1448a; cariynam 1608a; pariypuissasi
1723b; sameniriy 1889d; brahmacariyehi 2208a; brahmacariya
1
Excluding the Parivr which is summarised in the Uttaravinicchaya,

which is the next text to be analysed in this series.
2
The figure is derived by taking the number of verses, which equals
3183, and adding the 17 verses which are found in the
Sedamocanakath, after verse 3028.
3
Normally sriye reads as 2 syll, as in the list here, but on one occasion
we must scan it as 3 syllables, at 1150c.
Vinayavinicchaya - 5
2209b; pariyaye 2302d; pariypueyya 2310a; pariyesitv 2340a;

pariyesandismi 2353a; athcariya 2471a; cariyo 2546b;
arahati 2567d, 2703d, 2704d; cariyupajjhyaka 2915a;
cariynuklato 3130b; pariyanta 3163c.
Resolution of one heavy syllable into 2 light ones is also quite
frequent. There are 34 occasions where this occurs. 22 times at the
1st syllable; 11 times at the 4th, and once at the 6th.
They are found in the following verses: 1 pari 43a; tati 389c;
pari 531a; chada 1106c, 1108b; vara 1246c; ati 1327b; bada
1355a; gahi 1448b, 1532b; na pa 1519d, 1527d, 3019c, 3020a,
3021c; puri 1572d; puna 1579c; hari 1742c; pai 1779b; pai
1780a, 2659b; gahi 1905c, 2630a; upa 2001c, 2550c; nadi 1067b;
kara 2140b; sara 2470b; kathi 2719c; saha 2736a; labha
2905c; sama 3009d; asu 3132b; nava 3161b.

a: Siloka
By far the most frequent of the metres employed is the Siloka,
accounting for some 6275 pdayugas. Of these 6051 are pathy
(96.4%), having the prior line structure: .
The compliment of this phenomena, contraction of 2 light syllables into

one heavy syllable is not found in this text.
As an example of the pathy Siloka, we can quote the

Ganthrambhakath (vss. 1- 5):
pathy
vanditv siras seha, buddham-appaipuggala.
pathy
bhavbhvakara dhamma, gaa-ceva niragaa. [1]
pathy
bhikkhna bhikkhunna-ca, hitatthya samhito.
pathy
pavakkhmi samsena, vinayassa vinicchaya. [2]
pathy
ankulam-asakia, madhuratthapadakkama;
pathy
paubhvakara eta, parama vinayakkame. [3]
pathy
apra otarantna, sra vinayasgara;
pathy
bhikkhna bhikkhunna-ca, nvbhta manorama. [4]
pathy
tasm vinayanpya, vinayassa vinicchaya.
pathy
avikkhittena cittena, vadato me nibodhatha. [5]

Of the variations, mavipul is the most frequent, though there is a
problem in counting the lines, as what prosody Ven. Buddhadatta
was allowing for is uncertain. The normal mavipul has a profile
like this: ,. That is, besides the structure,
there is a short syllable at the 3rd syllable, and a word-break after
the 5th in the prior line.
100 of the mavipul lines actually adhere to this, they are found at
13a, 42a, 84a, 87c, 93a, 94c, 107a, 163a, 207c, 208c, 241a, 274a,
350c, 353a, 356a, 411a, 421a, 447a, 488c, 510c, 542a, 558a, 600c,
652a, 653c, 665c, 700c, 722c, 781c, 787c, 08a, 850a, 857c, 910c,
927c, 1072c, 1085a, 1121a, 1294a, 1303a, 1323a, 1380c, 1393c,
1405a, 1416a, 1422c, 1432c, 1433a, 1437c, 1454a, 1462a, 1473a,
1477a, 1489c, 1503a, 1507a, 1512a, 1521a, 1528a, 1531a, 1555a,
1571a, 1673a, 1698a, 1729c, 1777a, 1787a, 1807c, 1877a, 1885c,
1989a, 2059c, 2060c, 2068c, 2185c, 2204a, 2382c, 2561c, 2563a,
2580a, 2592a, 2593c, 2635c, 2652c, 2676a, 2715a, 2744a, 2771a,
2772a, 2833a, 2839a, 2905a, 2949c, 2950ac, 2951a, 2981c, 3051a,
3053a, 3088c, 3161a.
Mavipul-type:
5 mavipul-type lines have an irregular opening, but have the
normal word-break, they are found at: 1831a, 1847a, 1959a, 2015c,
2015c.
15 mavipul-type lines omit the regular word-break, but have the
normal opening: 332a, 608c, 698a, 915a, 950c, 1170a, 1393c, 1401c,
1912a, 2338c, 2434a, 2446c, 2728c, 3051a, 3137c.
There are a further 20 mavipul-type lines that have neither the
normal word-break, nor the normal opening. They account for all
the otherwise irregular Siloka lines: 209a, 268c, 621a, 635a, 637a,
849c, 858a, 1059c, 1321c, 1326a, 1339a, 1345a, 1390c, 2544c, 2546c,
2919c, 2928c, 2946a, 2993a, 2994c, 3028. Kha.c. I can see no
pattern in these lines that would allow us to establish a new profile
for the mavipul, unless we simply accept the basic profile
, which they do indeed all fit into.
As in the Medieval prosodies the word-break and the opening are

not defined, it seems we should accept all these lines as being of
the mavipul-type. In this case there are 140 mavipul lines in this
work, which amounts to 2.2% of the total Siloka lines.
Of the other variations which occur (1.2% of the total) the figures
are as follows:
navipul () = 19 (159c, 195c, 477c, 556c, 987c,
1808c, 1809c, 1814a, 1836c, 2118c, 2432c, 2454c, 2616a, 2660c,
2726c, 2830a, 2869a, 2956c, 3132c).
bhavipul () = 16 (429c, 451a, 481c, 596c, 1451c,
1555c, 1850c, 2133a, 2571a, 2633a, 2659c, 2815c, 2842a, 2890a,
2901a, 2975c).
savipul () = 26 (74c, 125c, 178a, 563c, 662a, 1109a,
1244c, 1324cd, 1412c, 1592a, 2020a, 2042c, 2134c, 2276c, 2490a,
2567c, 2648c, 2676c, 2677a, 2758c, 2933c, 2983c, 3004a, 3061a,
3141c).
tavipul () = 2 (1033c, 1970a).
We also find that there are 12 Anuhubha (or javipul) lines in
the work, which have the same cadence in the prior and posterior
lines (): 300a, 671c, 789c, 1150c, 1811c, 1970c,
2144a, 2506c, 2665c, 3008c, 3089a, 3172a.
Some of the Siloka pda-s have 9 syllables: 584c; 1356a; 1635c;
1810c; 2631a; 2669c; 2730a; 3016a; & 3105a.1 There does not seem
to be any particular pattern to these hypermetric lines.
1
Two of these lines (2669c & 2730a) could be corrected if we accepted

resolution against the rule, but that would still leave seven which cannot
be corrected in this way, so it may be that the other two are simply
wrong also.
Some examples:
,
mavipul
avtivatte majjhahe, gharam-aassa gacchati.
bhavipul
gharpacrokkamane, pahamena hi dukkaa. [1555]
navipul1
muhikam-adhikara saso v tuldika.
pathy
kici saghassa dinna ce, ta sabba garubhaaka. [2869]

,
ravipul
palauko pauvao, bhajano lohito pi ca.
savipul
harito haritavao, cpalo setako pi ca. [2134]
tavipul
avassutassvassut, manussa puggalassa y.
Anuhubha
sarram-assa tena v, phuh prjik siy. [1970]

As is normal in the Medieval texts compounds are allowed to cross
the line in Siloka pdayugas. These are very numerous, and need
not be listed, but we can quote the following as an example:
pathy
tikya pi atisaissa vimatissa v.
pathy
ekato-upasampannahatth gahti dukkaa. [632]

In these cases the normal rule that the last syllable in a line be
taken as heavy is ignored.
1
This verse also has light 2nd & 3rd syllables in line a.
A curiosity of the Siloka found in Ven. Buddhadattas prosody is

that the normal avoidance of 2 light syllables in 2nd and 3rd
positions does not seem to be adhered to.1 There are some 72 lines
in this text where light syllables are found in these positions: 42a,
43a, 213c, 276d, 354a, 355a, 387a, 420c, 436c, 456a, 501c, 659b,
753a, 924a, 931c, 1070a, 1104a, 1125d, 1134d, 1181b, 1218a, 1319c,
1324c, 1357c, 1379b, 1428a, 1444c, 1470a, 1481ac, 1499a, 1548ab,
1609c, 1672c, 1724d, 1731c, 1747c, 1780b, 1954a, 2045a, 2093c,
2208ac, 2256a, 2333c, 2334c, 2365b, 2376c, 2437d, 2468d, 2474d,
2491a, 2504b, 2505c, 2515a, 2553a, 2610b, 2660c, 2709a, 2721a,
2842a, 2851c, 2869a, 2912c, 2990c, 2999a, 3001a, 3005c, 3012a,
3014c, 3028. Ka.a, 3028. Kha.c, 3065b, 3117a, 3147a, 3153a, 3160c.
As an example of this we can quote the following pdayuga, where
we have light syllables in 2nd & 3rd positions in both prior and
posterior lines:
pathy
asayanighare tassa, sayanigharasaino [1548ab]
b: Other Metres
There are 58 other verses in this work that appear in a variety of
other metres, which are mainly of the Classical Samavutta type (54
examples). In these examples watch for the complex internal
rhyming schemes which is characteristic of Ven. Buddhadattas
Classical style, particularly in those metres that lend themselves to
repetition, like Aparavatta & Sagata.
There are certain texts in the Canon which also seem to allow for this
variation, see e.g. The Prosody of the Dhammapada, elsewhere on this
website.
One verse is written in Mattchandas metre - that is a mixed

Vetlya and Opacchandasak verse:
Opacchandasaka
navamajjhimatherabhikkhunna;
Vetlya x 3
avisesena yaticchitabbako.
sakalo asamsato may.
kathito ettha vinicchayo tato. [1534]

There are 2 verses in Aparavatta metre (541, 3124) which is a
Classical Addhasamavutta metre derived from Vetlya:
vinayanayam-atibuddhidpana,
vinayavinicchayam-etam-uttama.
vividhanayanayuta upenti ye.
vinayanaye pauta upenti te. [541]

There is 1 verse in Pupphitagg metre (1352) which is a Classical
Addhasamavutta metre derived from Opacchandasaka:
tilakamakulaslamallikna
kakudhakapitthakakundakana.
kuravakakaravrapalna.
kusumam-ida pana yvajvika.

The remainder are of the verses are in Classical Samavutta metres,
here arranged in ascending syllabic number:
8 syllables:
I have been able to find 4 examples of the rare Pamik metre in
this work (1969, 2078, 2240, 2324); its compliment Samnik
( x 4) unfortunately doesnt occur.
Example:
adubbale tu cvare,
sudubbalan-ti cetas;
ubhosu kakhitya v,
avoca dukkaa jino. [2240]

The rather special Vijjumml metre, consisting of 8 heavy
syllables is found in 6 places (117, 170, 2062, 2112, 2278, 2283):
ChSa reads: kakundakana. Notice the alliteration on the sound ka.
,
dvinna magga gacchantna,

,
ek gantu no sakkoti.
usshassaccheda katv,
,
ohn ce tasspatti. [2062]

10 syllables:
The 10 syllabic metres are all fairly rare in the literature, in this
work there are 2 verses, mainly in Campakaml metre, with one
line in each verse being in a different metre.
Campakaml/Meghavitna (1320) & Campakaml/Rummavat
(2214; line c = Rummavat).
,
Campakaml
Campakaml
khdaniya v bhojaniya v,1

kici vikle yo pana bhikkhu.
Meghavitna
khdati bhujati v pi ca ta,

,
Campakaml
so jinavutta dosam-upeti. [1320]

11 syllables:
The most frequently used metre apart from the Siloka is the
Upajti, which accounts for 25 of the verses in this work (137, 240,
305, 306, 307, 308, 310, 323, 489, 560, 732, 785, 888, 1223, 1273,
1305, 2254, 2284, 2834, 2843, 2914, 2915, 3077, 3123, 3165).
1
I read short -i- twice in line a to give a Campakaml line; otherwise

the metre would read , which is unknown to me.
Upajti normally consisits of a mixture of Indavajir

() & Upindavajir ()
metres, but the definition allowed for in the Medieval prosodies,
and the one employed in this analysis, also allows for other
mixtures, including metres of different syllabic lengths.
The break is very well established and in this work never takes
another form. There is only one example here of Upajti
containing a metre other than Indavajir and Upindavajir, and
that is at the example we quote here:
Vasaha
manussapimhi ca pasait,
Vasaha
sacassa citta marapasahita.

Upindavajir
upakkamo tena ca tassa nso,

Indavajir
pacettha agni manussaghte. [305]

One of the characteristics of this work is that some of the words in
compound cross the break in the middle of the pdayuga, which is
a feature of Medieval prosody that is not found in the Tipiaka; in
these verses the normal word-break occurs in the seam of the
compound. This is very common in the Siloka verses here (see the
examples above), but extends occasionally to the Upajti verses
also. In this work, the compounds cross the line in the following
places: 2914ab & cd; 2915ab.
Example:
gantukvsikapiacrsensanraanumodansu
vattni bhatte gamikassa jantghare tath vaccakuippavese. [2914]

There are 4 verses written solely in Indavajir metre (118, 309,
311, 2612):
mtpitna pana dassanattha,
pacan-namatthe sahadhammikna.
dahu gilna tad-upahakna,
bhattdi nesa pariyesanattha. [2612]

At 2011 there is a verse in Dodhaka metre, though we need to
make some changes for it to scan properly:
y pana bhikkhun ussayavd;
aakar mukhar vihareyya.
kenaci yena narenidha saddhi.
s garuka kira dosam-upeti. [2011]

There is a rare metre in this class found in this work. It is
identified by Prof. Helmer Smith (Saddanti IV, pg 1167) as a
1
ChSa reads: yena kenaci here.
metre called Sagat.1 There are 3 examples (vss. 38 1963, &

2441). Again notice the rhyme (yamaka) achieved by internal
repetition of word-sounds in the line:
ima hitavibhvana bhvana,
avedi surasambhava sambhava.
sa mrabaissane ssane,
samo bhavatuplin plin. [38]

12 syllables:
Vasaha by itself accounts for only 3 verses (171, 1962, 2328):
varhabyagghacchataracchakdito,2
upaddav muccitukmatya yo.
tatheva ta hnam-atikkameti ce,
na koci doso pana bhaadeyyaka. [171]

There are 4 verses written in the Toaka metre (37, 324, 2442,
2443):
1
2
The name is recorded in the late Vttodayapariiaya, but I have not yet
seen it elsewhere.
Note that -by- fails to make position in this line.
avagacchati yo pana bhikkhu ima,
vinayassa vinicchayam-atthayuta.
amara ajara araja aruja,
adhigacchati santipada pana so.

The last verse in the work is written in Bhujagappayta metre,
which is quite rare, and is the only example of the metre found in
this work:
ima srabhta hita atthayutta,
karontena patta may ya tu pua.
aya tena loko munindappayta,
siva vtasoka pura pputu. [3183]

14 syllables:
There is only one metre is this class, which is the ever-popular
Vasantatilak, although there are only 2 examples here (1530,
3040):
acchedaghanirapekkhanisajjato ca,
sikkhappahnamaraehi ca ligabhed.
dnena tassa ca parassa abhikkhukassa,
sabba paiggahaam-eti vinsam-eva. [1530]
18

2: Uttaravinicchaya
1: The Text
Uttaravinicchaya is a summary in 970 verses of the Parivra,
which is itself a compendium of the Vinayapiaka. Apart from the
colophon at the end of the work, the work is written entirely in
verse. The text has 3,854 lines, of which 3,714 are Siloka (96.4%);
and 136 are in Classical metres (3.6%).

As with the first of these studies of Ven. Buddhadattas works,
certain features, like sarabhatti and resolution are fairly common.
Sarabhatti vowels are found in the following 9 places: pariyya
65c; pariyye 86a; pariy 240c; pariyya 282c; ariya 432a;
pariyesanto 497b; abrahmacariy 652c; arahati 654d; cariyako
765b; & kiriy 838d there is a curiosity about this last reading,
in that we must take riy as not making position for the Siloka
cadence to be correct.
Resolution occurs on 24 occasions, 15 at the beginning of the line;
once at the 3rd; 4 times at the 4th; and 2 times at the 6th.
niha 129a; vadha 215c; na pa 296c; apa 324c; dasa 353c, 946c;
pari 360a, 497b; saha 363c; maha 370a; tati 411a; dava 419c;
gami 451a; ati 497a, 786c; aji 663d; tara 702a; puri 741a;
aca 749c, 755c; saha 794a; kusa 868c; sukha 869c; mara 911b.
Uttaravinicchaya - 19
Example, which shows both sarabhatti and resolution:

,
mavipul
atirekamso seso ti; pariyesanto ca gimhike. [497ab]

a: Siloka
The most common metre is the Siloka, there being 1857 pdayugas;
1784 (96.1%) of these are pathy, having the following structure in
the prior line: .
The example is the Nigamana at the end of the work:
pathy
racito buddhadattena, suddhacittena dhmat.
pathy
sucirahitikmena, ssanassa mahesino. [961]
pathy
antarenantarya tu, yath siddhim-upgato;
pathy
atthato ganthato ceva, uttaroyam-anuttaro. [962]
pathy
tath sijjhantu sakapp, sattna dhammasayut.
pathy
rj ptu mahi samm, kle devo pavassatu. [963]
pathy
yva tihati selindo, yva cando virocati.
pathy
tva tihatu saddhammo, gotamassa mahesino. [964]
pathy
khantisoraccasoslyabuddhisaddhdaydayo.
pathy
patihit gu yasmi, ratannva sgare. [965]
pathy
vinaycrayuttena, tena sakkacca sdara;
pathy
ycito saghaplena, therena thiracetas. [966]
pathy
sucirahitikmena vinayassa mahesino;
pathy
bhikkhna pavatthya, vinayassa vinicchaye. [967]
pathy
aksi parama eta, uttara nma nmato.
pathy
savane sdara katv, sikkhitabbo tato aya. [968]
pathy
pasdhikasakhyni, navagthsatni hi.
pathy
gaan uttarassya, chandasnuhubhena tu. [969]
pathy
pathy
gth catusahassni, sata-ca navsati.1
pamato im vutt, vinayassa vinicchaye ti. [970]
This number is arrived at by adding the total number of verses in

Vinayavinicchaya and Uttaravinicchaya together. However the numbers
do not match the Burmese edition. In the text it states there are 950
verses in Uttaravinicchaya, but our text has 970 verses. In the next verse
it states there are 4,119 verses altogether, but we have 4,170 verses
altogether.
Variations account for 3.9% of the Siloka lines. The most popular
of the variations is mavipul (including the mavipul-type), of
which there are 36 examples altogether.
The normal profile of the mavipul is ,; of which
there are 24: 8ab; 9a; 18a; 54a; 60a; 364c; 387a; 454a; 455a; 456c;
468a; 497a; 545c; 560c; 595a; 646c; 693a; 733c; 734c; 740a; 794a;
860c; 954a.
2 have irregular openings, but otherwise conform to the pattern
(,): 440c; 509a.
4 have regular openings, but irregular word-breaks
(): 284c; 565c; 692c; 699c.
6 are irregular both in their opening and in their word-break
(): 37c; 178c; 255c; 510c; 740c; 753c.
If we accept all of these lines as mavipul-type, then that variation
accounts for 36 pdayugas (i.e. 2%).
Example (line c has an irregular opening & word-break):
,
mavipul
kaa gahetv tattheva, kaddama yadi dhovati.
mavipul-type
bhikkhun kyagneva, tni nissaggiyni hi. [740]

Of the other variations:
navipul () = 9 (23a; 37a; 92a; 287ac; 302c; 318c;
441c; 671a).
bhavipul () = 6 (91a; 97a; 175a; 388a; 663a; 691a).
ravipul (,) = 3 (77c; 81c; 386c).

savipul () = 8 (11c; 19a; 27c; 125c; 285ac; 669a;
944c).
tavipul () = 1 (673a)
Anuhubha (javipul ) = 10 (150c; 193a; 245a;
357a; 362a; 370a; 566c; 648a; 699a; 701a)
There are also seven pda-s in the Siloka metre which have 9
syllables in them, and with nearly all of them there is no easy way
to correct the metre. They occur at: 86a; 306d; 394b; 396b; 571c;
819a;1 & 874b.
Some examples:
navipul
anuvddhikaraa-paccaypattiyo kati?
navipul
anuvddhikaraa-paccay tividh siyu. [287]
pathy
vihre saghike seyya, santharitv anuddhara.

,
ravipul
anpucch pakkamanto, duvidhpattiyo phuse. [81]
tavipul
paccattharaa, vassika-sik, mukhapuchana.
pathy
dakasi, parikkhra-coa, sakaccikpi ca. [673]
If we accepted resolution outside the rule, we could read this as

resolution at the 5th, giving mavipul.
Anuhubha1
ehibhikkhpasampad, saraagamanena ca;
pathy
pahbykaraovd, garudhammapaiggaho. [648]
savipul
vivddhikaraamh, kati pattiyo siyu?
savipul
vivddhikaraamh, dve panpattiyo siyu. [285]

As with Vinayavinicchaya, Ven. Buddhadatta frequently ignores
the rule that light syllables in 2nd and 3rd positions in a Siloka line
should be avoided. 30 examples of this can be found, they are at:
29bc; 37b; 145c; 176c; 180a; 269a; 293bd; 294a; 296a; 297ac; 337c;
344d; 355a; 362c; 386c; 443a; 507a; 518d; 541a; 547a; 560d; 607a;
612a; 634a; 648b; 674a; 682c; 731d.
Example (short 2nd & 3rd in lines a & c):2
samanubhsanyeva, ppikya ca dihiy;
yvatatiyaka tass, pcittaccajato pi ca. [297]
b: Other Metres
There are 34 verses is metres other than Siloka, amounting to just
3.4% of the total number of verses in the work.
There is 1 Vetlya verse:
Line b has 2 short syllables in 2nd & 3rd positions.

Also see 648b quoted above.
bhaato pahato payujato;
suato cintayato panuttara.

1
parama abuddhabuddhivahana.
vadato me nirat nibodhatha.

All the rest are Samavutta verses, here listed in ascending syllabic
order:
8 syllables:
Pamik = 1 (716)
naro karoti ce kui,
sa sabbam-attikmaya.
na muccateva vajjato,
jinena vuttato tato. [716]

Vijjumml = 1 (272):
,
yasm tasm asmi yoga;

,
usmyutto yutto ktu.
This line appears to be a syncopated posterior line in prior position.
,
satto satto kakhacchede,

,
satthe satthe nicca nicca. [272]

10 syllables:
Campakaml = 1 (435)
,
addhavihno agavihno;
,
vatthuvipanno dukkaakr.
,
no paripuo ycati yo no.

1
tassupasampad paisiddh.
Matt = 1 (758)
duhulla yo vadati ca vca;
sabb tumhe sikharaiyo ti.
vutt dos vinayanasatthe.
tassitthna gaanavasena. [758]
If we read -upasampd, this line is in Rummavat metre (i.e a

Campakaml variant without the word-break).
11 syllables:
1
Upajti = 16 (32; 40; 271; 327; 629; 630; 652; 719; 737; 751; 764;
766; 871; 885; 886; 898).
Verses 32, 271, 652, & 719 contain Vasaha lines (719 has 3
Vasaha lines); and 40 & 652 have Indavasa
() lines in them.
Vasaha
atikkamanto atirekacvara;
Upindavajir
dasham-pajjati ekam-eva.
Indavajir
nissaggipcittiyam-ekaratti.
Upindavajir
ticvaren pi vin vasanto. [32]

Indavajir occurs independently 3 times (563; 765; 771):
eko upajjhyakapuggaleko,
cariyako dve pi ca puavass.
ek va tesa pana kammavc.
ekassa kamma tu na rhate ki? [765]

Viddhagaml = 1 (434), this is an unusual metre, which I have
identified through Vuttodaya Parisiha. It is similar to Upajti, but
with a ragaa break. The fourth pda is a normal Indravajr line:
1
This line has a nagaa break (), which is unusual, all the rest show
the normal bhagaa.
pattimpajjitu dve va loke;
buddh ca paccekabuddh abhabb.
pattimpajjitu dve va loke.
bhikkh ca bhabb atha bhikkhun ca. [434]

Dodhaka = 2 (738, 772):
kassaci kici na deti sahatth;
neva ca gahati kici kutoci.
vajjam-upeti lahu, na garu tu.
brhi katha yadi bujjhasi sdhu? [772]

Sagat = 1:
ima paramamuttara uttara;
naro hamatasgara sgara.
abuddhijanasrada srada.
siy vinayaprago prago. [958]
12 syllables:
Vasaha = 3 (653; 721; 959):
ato hi nicca imam-uttama tama;
vidhya sikkhe guasahita hita.
naro hi sakkaccavaprato rato.
sukhassa sabbagaakammada pada. [959]

Toaka = 4 (423; 770; 778; 960):
vinaye paubhvakare parame;
piake pauta abhipatthayat.
vidhin paun paun yatin.
pariypuitabbam-ida satata. [960]

Pamittakkhar = 1 (872):
imam-uttara gatam-anuttarata;
pariyputi paripucchati yo.
upaytanuttaratam-uttarato.
sa ca kyavcavinaye vinaye. [872]
14 syllables:
Vasantatilak = 1 (678):
sa-uttara vinayavinicchaya tu yo;
anuttara sakalam-apdha jnati.
mahattare vinayanaye anuttare.
niruttaro bhavati hi so, na sasayo. [678]
30

3: Abhidhammvatra
1: The Text
1
Abhidhammvatra is a summary of the Abhidhamma in 24

Chapters, most of which is written in verse. Chapters 1 - 3, 10 - 13,
19, 23 & 24 contain prose sections also, which is sometimes quite
extensive. There are 1416 verses (5664 lines) in the work
altogether, mainly written in the Siloka metre (98%), which means
that only 29 verses (2%) of the verses are written in other metres.
They are used mainly at the close of the various sections, which is
the way these metres are normally employed in Classical works,
which are not of the Kavy-type.2

As with the other studies we can note that sarabhatti and resolution
are again abundant in this work. The sarabhatti vowels are mainly
of the riy type, as in the other works,3 they are found in the
following 29 places: pariy 19d, 719b; nparpariyavedana 46b;
pariyesita 80a; vriya, which we should read as viriya 112d,
In the Ganthrambhakath, it describes itself as a hatthasram, or

handbook.
2
Neither of the previous works examined, though, are restricted in this
way, and the Classical metres occur frequently in the body of the text
also.
3
There are 4 exceptions, 2 at 112d & 1279c, where there is sarabhatti in
antarahite; and 2 at 246a & 247a, reading arahato.
Abhidhammvatra - 31
1279c;1 rpriypatha 143a; ariyadehina 278b; arahato 246a, 274a;

tiamariynamdito 281b; apariy 345a, 352a, 360a; iriypatho
885c; antarahite 1018b, 1093a; pariyodte 1050b; pariy 1126d,
1381c; pariya 1159c; ariyamaggo 1188b; pariyatti 1191a;
upapajjparpariy 1243c; pariyo 1316bd; angmiriyasvako
1364d; ariyya 1374b; sacchikiriy 1378d.
Example:
pathy
pathy
vuhnagminy hi, pariyosnan ti bhsita,

eyya sabbapakrena, pariyosnan-ti gotrabhu. [1316]
Resolution occurs 48 times, in the following words: mana 113b,
1060b; cara 134a, 205c, 344a, 351c, 523a; vici 140c; kusa 161c;
java 165d; saka 239d, 240a, 336d, 337a; sama 510d, 1383ac;
pai 520a, 602a, 1185a; puri 598b, 904a; upa 629a, 1089c; catu
647c; hada 742c; nira 744b; para 778a,d; tati 778b; bhava
835c; ubha 927c; paha 932a, 987d, 1311b; saha 974c, 975a;
kasi 1049a; abhi 1051c, 1087a; apa 1244a; anu 1265a; samu
1270ab; nava 1298c, 1301d; uda 1300a; gata 1309b;
Resolution occurs at the 1st syllable 34 times; 6 times at the 4th; &
8 times at the 5th.
Example:
Even after counting the sarabhatti vowel this Siloka line is 9 syllables,
and therefore hypermetric.
Abhidhammvatra - 32
pathy
paramatthato ca paatti, tatiy koi na vijjati;
navipul
dvsu hnesu kusalo, paravdesu na kampati. [778]

a: Siloka
The idiosyncracies seen in the other studies of Ven. Buddhadattas
usage of the Siloka prevail here also. There are 2709 Siloka
pdayuga-s in total, of which 2576 (95%) are pathy. As the
example we can quote the Ganthrambhakath (vss. 1 - 7):
pathy
anantakarupaa, tathgatam-anuttara,
pathy
vanditv siras buddha, dhamma sdhugaam-pi ca. [1]
pathy
paukam-balanmya, silytulavikkamo,
pathy
nisinno devarjassa, vimale stale tale. [2]

,
mavipul
ya devadevo devna, devadevehi pjito,
pathy
desesi devalokasmi, dhamma devapurakkhato. [3]
pathy
tatthha pavatthya, bhikkhna piakuttame,
pathy
abhidhammvatran-tu, madhura mativahana. [4]
Abhidhammvatra - 33
pathy
ta mohakavassa, vighanam-anuttara,
pathy
bhikkhna pavisantna, abhidhammamahpura. [5]
pathy
suduttara tarantna, abhidhammamahodadhi,
pathy
suduttara tarantna, tara va makarkara. [6]
pathy
bhidhammikabhikkhna, hatthasram-anuttara,
pathy
pavakkhmi samsena, ta sutha samhit. [7]

Of the variations they occur in 5% of the pdayuga-s, the
distribution being as follows:
The normal mavipul (,) lines occur 43 times: 3a;
13a; 278a; 308a; 335c; 339c; 397c; 422c; 445a; 456c; 494a; 520a;
586c; 597a; 602c; 653c; 658a; 706a; 714c; 721a; 787a; 802c; 826c;
835c; 845c; 862c; 908a; 912c; 1013a; 1025a; 1140c; 1154c; 1222a;
1223a; 1259c; 1272c; 1307a; 1308a; 1318a; 1340a; 1345a; 1346a;
1396a.
The mavipul-type () lines occur 30 times in all:
17 have the correct break, but an incorrect opening: 134a; 157a,
205c; 344a; 351c; 505c; 523a; 531c; 602c; 722c; 758a; 847a; 1122c;
1203ac; 1313a; & 1397c.
3 have the correct opening, but an incorrect word-break: 10c,
1069a; & 1133c.
Abhidhammvatra - 34
10 are abnormal in both ways: 364a; 410a; 724a; 736c; 722a; 839c;
1127a; 1209a; &1383ac.
The distribution of the other variations is as follows:
navipul () = 10 lines: 10a; 293c; 366a; 486c; 600a;
640a; 778c; 976c; 990a; & 1123a.
bhavipul () = 9 lines: 131a; 311c; 397a; 587c; 889a;
894a; 998a; 1038c; 1366a.
ravipul (,) = 3 lines: 457c; 801a; 1142a.
savipul () = 27 lines: 404c; 590c; 629a; 705a; 720c;
809a; 813c; 818a; 823c; 852c; 901a; 902a; 905c; 927a; 988a; 1031c;
1050c; 1107a; 1126c; 1132c; 1164a; 1238c; 1299c; 1313c; 1343c;
1345a; & 1391c.
tavipul () = 2 lines: 165c & 292a.
Besides these there are also 4 Anuhubha pdayuga-s
(): 428c, 552a, 556a, 716c.
There are also 21 lines which have 9 syllables in them, with no
easy way to correct the metre: 197c; 320c; 324a; 528c; 530a; 574c;
575b; 742d; 993b; 1005c; 1061d; 1157b; 1165c; 1180a; 1209c; 1234c;
1263a; 1305a; 1350c; 1358c; & 1384d.
There are light syllables in 2nd and 3rd positions in the following
22 lines: 13c; 27a; 78c; 102a; 278c; 297c; 564b; 582c; 593a; 705b;
712a; 749c; 750a; 756a; 836b; 889a; 1127a; 1205a; 1246a; 1247c;
1271a; & 1408c.
Some examples:
Abhidhammvatra - 35
bhavipul
yad catuttha kusala, javana hoti tena ca,

,
mavipul
tulya catuttha pka tu, tadrammaata vaje. [397]

navipul
kucchitna salanato, kusna lavanena v,

mavipul-type
kusena ltabbatt v, kusalan-ti pavuccati. [10]

,
mavipul-type
tadanantara ta hoti, tath sakhragocara,
savipul
tatiya javanacitta, anuloman-ti saita. [1313]
pathy
Tattha tikkhaasampatta, paccuppannakhadika;
savipul
ekadvesantativrapariypannam-ida pana. [1126cd]
b: Other Metres
There are only 29 verses which are not in Siloka metre in this
work (2% of the total). They are mainly written in Classical metres
of one sort or another.
There is a very rare Upagti verse in this work, which is a
Gacchandas metre:
sumadhuravarataravacano, ka nu jana neva rajayati,
atinisitavisadabuddhipasdajana vedanyoya. [979]
Abhidhammvatra - 36
There is also a verse at 1169 in an unidentified metre which

appears to scan as a gaacchandas metre of some sort or other, but
as it is it doesnt fit into any scheme that I am aware of:
vividhatthavaapadehi sampanna,
madhuratthamatinhara gantha;
sotujanassa hadayaptikara,
sueyya koci manujo sacetano. [1169]

Next come the Mattcchanda-s verses. In this work there is one
verse in Vetlya metre, though we need to make a number of
corrections to the text for it to scan properly:1
avagacchati yo ima au,
parama tassa samantato mati;
abhidhammanaye drsade,
atigambhrahne vijambhate. [88]

Next there are 2 metres in Addhasamavutta metres:
Following Smith (Saddanti, pg 1156) I correct anuna to au in line

a; then in line c we need to read drsade; & -hne in line d.
Abhidhammvatra - 37
Aparavatta = 2 (788 & 1401):
atimatikaramdhinhara,
vimativinsakara piyakkara;
pahati suati yo sad ima,
vikasati tassa matdha bhikkhuno. [788]

Pupphitagg = 1
sumatimativibodhana vicitta,
kumatimatindhanapvaka padhna;
imam-atimadhura avedi yo yo,
jinavacana sakala avedi so so. [559]

The rest are Samavutta metres:
11 syllables:
1
Upajti = 5 (126, 376, 767, 1262, 1374).
saddhena samm pana bhvany,
ariyya paya ca bhvanya;
This verse has a very irregular break in line c.
Abhidhammvatra - 38
visuddhikmena tapodhanena,
bhavakkhaya patthayat budhena. [1374]

Indavajir = 2 (474, 1376)
andhajjanna hadayandhakra,
viddhasana dpam-ima jalanta;
sikkhetha dhro satata payutto,
mohandhakrpagama yadicche ti. [474]

Dodhaka = 4 (181, 375, 1103, 1226)
ekavidhdinaye panim-asmi,
yo kusalo matim idha bhikkhu;
tassabhidhammagat pana atth,
hatthagatmalak viya honti. [181]

Rathoddhat = 1
bhvannayam-aha hitnaya,
mnaya-ca sugata sukhnaya;
Abhidhammvatra - 39
bykaromi parama ito para,
ta sutha madhuratthavaana. [789]

Slin = 1
,
dna sla bhvan pattidna,

,
veyyvacca desan cnumodo;

,
dihijjutta sasuticcpacyo,
,
eyyo eva puavatthuppabhedo. [21]

1
Sagat = 1
yato sumatin mato nmato,
ycitasammnato mnato;
tato hi racito sad tosad,
may hitavibhvan bhvan. [1402]
See Smith Saddanti, p. 1167. In line b the 1st syllable is unexpectedly

heavy.
Abhidhammvatra - 40
12 syllables:
Vasaha = 2 (62, 1394)
kriykriypattivibhgadesako,
kriykriya cittam-avoca ya jino;
hithitna sakriykriyrato,
kriykriya tan-tu may samrita. [62]

Toaka = 2 (29, 87)
kusalkusalehi vipkakriy1
hadayehi yut pana cetasik;
sakalpi ca sdhu may kathit,
sugatena mahmunin kathit. [87]

Bhujagappayta = 1
ima-cbhidhammvatra susra,
vara sattamohandhakrappadpa;
-kr- in -kriy fails to make position in this line.
Abhidhammvatra - 41
sad sdhu cinteti vceti yo ta,
nara rgados cira nopayanti. [290]

13 syllables:
Mattamayra = 1
,
rprpajjhnasampattividhna,
,
jntma1 sratara yo pana bhikkhu;

,
rprpajjhnasampattisu dakkho,
,
rprpa yti bhava so abhibhuyya. [1042]

Unidentified = 12
maggmaggaadassanesu kovid,
srsravedino samhithit;
maggmaggaadassananti ta ida,
buddh buddhasvak vadanti vdino. [1297]
1
2
ChSa: jntima here, and pattsu in line c.

This metre is listed by Smith on p. 1166 of Saddanti, but he doesnt
have a name for it, and I also have been unable to identify it so far.
Abhidhammvatra - 42
14 syllables:
Vasantatilak = 1
chanddhimokkhamudit manas ca kro,
majjhattat ca karu viratittaya ca,
puesu tena niyatniyat ca sabbe,
yevpan munivarena na ceva vutt. [73]

19 syllables:
Saddlavikkita = 1
saddhbuddhikara tathgatamate sammohaviddhasana,
pasambhavasampasdanakara jnti yo ce ima;
atthabyajanaslina sumadhura srauvimhpana,
gambhre nipubhidhammapiake so ybhiniha pada. [777]
43

4: Madhuratthavilsin
(Buddhavasa-ahakath)
1: The Text
Ven. Buddhadattas commentary on the Buddhavasa differs from
the other texts examined in this series of studies, in that it is not,
like the other works, an original composition, but rather a
translation and edition of the traditional commentary that had been
handed down in the Mahvihra at Anurdhapura, in the Sinhala
language.
It is written in a mixture of prose and verse, and includes many
quotations from the Tipiaka and other commentaries, besides a
number of verses that appear to be original to the work, though
exactly which verses are the original compositions of Ven.
Buddhadatta himself is not possible to establish beyond any doubt.
The commentary does of course, quote all of the verses of
Buddhavasa itself, and comments on them. But besides these
there are a number of verses, which are not quotations from other
sources. In her translation of Buddhavasa-ahakath (The
Clarifier of the Sweet Meaning, PTS, London, 1978) Miss I.B.
Horner lists 129 unattributed verses. The number given here is
much greater from that, amounting to 185.
This total differs from Horners because there are many mistakes
in Horners work, both of omission and of commission:
Madhuratthavilsin - 44
62 verses found in ChSa, but not in PTS, are not counted by

Horner. They would occur at the beginning of page 24 of her
edition of the text. They are attributed to Udyin in the
commentary, and the first verse and the last but one verse in the
series (included, but not counted in this study) actually occur in
almost identical form in Theragth (Kudyittheragth 527 &
530). As the verses in question appear to be from the early
Medieval period, they are quite possibly original to Ven.
Buddhadatta.
3 verses (numbers 18 - 20 here) that Horner says H (= SHB)
attributes to the Poras, are not found elsewhere in the
commentaries, as far as I can discover. They appear to be original
to this commentary therefore. On what authority SHB attributes
them to the Poras is not clear, as there is nothing in the
commentary itself to confirm this.
4 verses that are counted (Horners numbers 38-41, pg 114) actually
belong to Visuddhimagga (Vism. pg 74 ff), which probably
precedes this work, and so cannot be counted as original.
Horners verse 78 belongs to Jtaka 290, vss. 1 ab & 2 cd, and so
also cannot be counted. Note that her reference to J IV 42 for a
partial parallel is misleading.
The counting of the verses has also gone astray at one point. On
page 209 an unidentified verse is numbered 84; but on page 238 the
sequence is continued from 83!
A verse at the very beginning of the Exposition of the Chronicle of
the Buddha Gotama is laid out and translated as prose, though it is
in fact an unattributed Siloka verse.
Verses 98 - 104 (pgs 388-9) are from the Nidnakath of the Jtaka
(pg. 44); and the following verse 105 is from Cariypiaka (vs. 124,
pg. 81).
The verse numbered 110 is already found in the
Dghanikyahakath (pg. 206), and many other commentaries
(MA 1.212; 3.334; AA 3.195; J 3.377 etc.).
A verse found in ChSa is missing from Horners text and
translation. It comes after her verse no 117 on page 414 of the
translation.
3 verses in the ChSa edition of the Nigamana are excluded from
Horners edition and translation, though they appear to be genuine
enough. 2 of them are quoted in a footnote to her translation, but
the final verse is not.
In this way we eventually arrive then at a figure of 185
unattributed verses in this work.
We have seen in the earlier studies that Ven. Buddhadattas
prosody is quite unique, and has certain very distinctive
characetristics, which we may define here:
Orthography:
An allowance for sarabhatti vowels, usually of the -riy- type.
Frequent employment of resolution.
In the Siloka verses there is:
A very high percentage of the pathy-type (normally 95% +).
A special type of mavipul, which has parametres not normally
acceptable.
A high percentage of savipul amongst the variations.
The occasional employment of the Anuhubha.

A number of the pda-s scan as 9-syllables, with no easy way to
correct the metre.
In the Classical metres there are:
A number of verses in Mattacchandas metres.
A fair number of unusual metres, like Vijjumml, Pamika,
Campakaml, Vtumm & Sagat.
We will see from the analysis of the verses which are unattributed
in this work that they conform in many ways to Ven.
Buddhadattas idiosyncratic prosody, and employ many of the same
Classical metres that he used in his original works. These studies
would seem to prove beyond any reasonable doubt, therefore, that
the Madhuratthavilsin is in fact correctly attributed to Ven.
Buddhadatta.

Sarabhatti vowels are found in bhariyhi (55c) & garahino (119d).
Resolution occurs in the following words: upa 27a; rata 40c;
sama 40d 100d; pari 95c; dasa 103b; padu 126d; & saka
162a.

a: Siloka
There are 108 unattributed verses written in the Siloka metre, of
which 98 are pathy (91%).
Of the variations:
mavipul (,) = 3 (17c, 158a, 161c)
mavipul-type () = 1 (104c)
navipul () = 1 (160c)
bhavipul () = 1 (183c)
ravipul (,) = 1 (101a)
9 syllables = 3 (16a, 20c, 129c)
There are light 2nd & 3rd syllables in the opening of verse 23:
pathy
viharatha vivittesu, pabbatesu vanesu ca.
b: Other Metres
The verses written in Classical metres in this work are
proportionately much greater than in the other works, there being
131 verses in a variety of metres, which amounts to 70% of the
total.
There are no metres here in Mattcchandas metres; but of the
Addhasamavutta class which are derived from that class,
Aparavatta occurs at 154; and Pupphitagg at 145.
The rest are composed in Samavutta metres.

10 syllables:
Campakaml = 1 (131)
11 syllables:
The greatest number of the Classical verses are in the Upajti
metre.
One of the striking characteristics of these verses in the inclusion
of no less than 21 Vasaha lines, something which is also
characteristic of Ven. Buddhadattas other works. They occur at
41ac; 43bc; 45a; 49a; 50a; 51b; 52b; 53a; 56c; 69c; 70a; 71ab; 74a;
81b; 90b; 92a; 96c; 98b; 107b; & 156a.
Verse number 98 besides the Vasaha line also has a line in the
14 syllable Vasantatatilaka metre (98a); and 94d has a line in the
11 syllable Sumukh metre.
Compounds cross the pdayuga in the Ganthrambhakath on 4
occasions: 6ab; 8ab,cd; & 9ab.
Of the other Classsical metres there are 8 in Indavajir metre (29,
31, 114, 115, 134, 146, 150, 152); and 7 in Upindavajir metre (3,
7, 102, 105, 122, 153, 167).
There is also one verse in the very rare Classical form of the
Svgat metre at 157.
12 syllables:
Vasaha occurs independently in only 3 verses (1, 159, 165).
In the same class the unusual Bhujagappayta metre occurs 5
times, at 37, & in four verses in the Nigamana at 179 - 182.
Toaka = 1 (163)
Dutavilambita = 1 (118)
13 syllables:
Mattamayra = 1 (132)
We now present all of the unattributed verses from Ven.
Buddhadattas Madhuratthavilsin. Verses that are not sequential
in the original are seperated by 3 astericks:
from Ganthrambhakath
Vasaha
anantaa karulaya laya,
malassa buddha susamhita hita.
nammi dhamma bhavasavara vara,
gukara-ceva niragaa gaa. [1]
Upajti
paya seho jinasvakna,
ya dhammasenpati dhammarja.
apucchi satthram-aprapragu,
niragaa tigaassa majjhe. [2]
Upindavajir
subuddhavasenidha buddhavaso,
visuddhavasena vinyakena,
hatvaksena paksito yo,
samdhivsena tathgatena. [3]
Upajti
yvajjakl avinsayant,
pikkama-ceva ca piyattha.
kathnusandhi sugatassa putt,
yathsuta yeva samharisu. [4]
Upajti
tasseva sambuddhavaranvayassa,
sad janna savanmatassa,
pasdapajananassa yasm,
savaannukkamato pavatt. [5]
Upajti
sakkaccasaddhammaratena buddha
shena sldiguoditena,
ycitoha suciram-pi kla,
tasmssa savaanam-rabhissa. [6]
Upindavajir
sad janna kalinsanassa,
cirahitattha jinassanassa.
mam pi puodayavuddhiyattha,
pasdanattha-ca mahjanassa. [7]
Upajti
mahvihrgatapimagga
sannissit sakaradosahn,
samsatoya pana Buddhavasa
savaan hessati srabht. [8]
Upajti
sotabbarpa pana buddhavasa
kathya aa idha natthi yasm.
pasdana buddhague ratna,
pavhana ppamahmalassa. [9]
Upajti
tasm hi sakkaccasamdhiyutt,
vihya vikkhepam-anaacitt.
savaana vaayato suvaa,
nidhya kaa madhura sutha. [10]
Upajti
sabbam-pi hitv pana kiccam-aa,
sakkacca maccenidha niccakla.
sotu kathetum-pi budhena yutt,
kath panya atidullabhti. [11]
pathy
ta sambahulavram-pi, yathhne maya pana,
pathy
dassetv va gamissma, tattha tattha samsato. [12]
pathy
kenya desito kattha, kassatthya ca desito,
pathy
kim-atthya kad kassa, vacana kena cbhato. [13]
pathy
sabbam-eta vidhi vatv, pubbam-eva samsato,
pathy
pacchha buddhavasassa, karissm-atthavaanan-ti. [14]
pathy
kenya desito kattha, kassatthya ca desito;
pathy
kim-atthya kad kassa, vacana kena cbhato ti [15]
9 syllables
kadya dhammadesanattha, ajjhiho brahmun jino;
pathy
kad kattha ca kenya, gth hi samudrit ti. [16]

from Ratanacakamanakaavaan
pathy
tathanmni saccni, abhisambujjhi nyako;

,
mavipul
tasm tathna saccna, sambuddhatt tathgato. [17]

***
pathy
tathkrena yo dhamme, jnti anupassati,
pathy
tathadass ti sambuddho, tasm vutto tathgato. [18]

***
pathy
tathvd jino yasm, tathadhammappaksako,
pathy
tathmgadana-cassa, tasm buddho tathgato. [19]

***
pathy
yath vc gat tassa, tath kyo gato yato,
9 syllables
tathvditya sambuddho, satth tasm tathgato. [20]
pathy
tatho aviparto ca, agado yassa satthuno;
pathy
vasavatt ti so tena, hoti satth tathgato. [21]
pathy
parattha cattano attha, karont pathavi ima,
pathy
byharant manussna, dhamma caratha bhikkhavo. [22]
pathy
viharatha vivittesu, pabbatesu vanesu ca,

,
mavipul
paksayant saddhamma, lokassa satata mama. [23]
pathy
karont dhammadteyya, vikhypayatha bhikkhavo,
pathy
santi atthya sattna, subbat vacana mama. [24]
pathy
sabba pidahatha dvra, apynam-ansav,
pathy
saggamokkhassa maggassa, dvra vivarathsam. [25]
pathy
desanpaipatthi, karudigulay,
pathy
buddhi saddha-ca lokassa, abhivahetha sabbaso. [26]
pathy
gihnam-upakarontna, niccam-misadnato,
pathy
karotha dhammadnena, tesa paccpakraka. [27]
pathy
samussayatha saddhamma, desayant isiddhaja,
pathy
katakattabbakammant, parattha paipajjath ti. [28]

***
Indavajir
vsadnassa pannisasa,
ko nma vattu, puriso samattho.
aatra buddh pana lokanth,
yutto mukhna nahutena cpi. [29]
Upajti
yu-ca vaa-ca sukha bala-ca,
vara pasattha paibhnam-eva.
dadti nmti pavuccate so,
yo deti saghassa naro vihra. [30]
Indavajir
dt nivsassa nivraassa,
stdino jvitupaddavassa.
pleti yu pana tassa yasm,
yuppado hoti tam-hu santo. [31]
Upajti
accuhaste vasato nivse,
bala-ca vao paibh na hoti.
tasm hi so deti vihradt,
bala-ca vaa paibhnam-eva. [32]
Upajti
dukkhassa stuhasarsap ca,
vttapdippabhavassa loke.
nivra nekavidhassa nicca,
sukhappado hoti vihradt. [33]
Upajti
stuhavttapaasavuhi
sarsapvamigdidukkha,
yasm nivreti vihradt,
tasm sukha vindati so parattha. [34]
Upajti
pasannacitto bhavabhogahetu,
manobhirma mudito vihra,
yo deti sldiguoditna,
sabba dado nma pavuccate so. [35]
Upajti
pahya maccheramala salobha,
gulayna nilaya dadti.
khitto va so tattha parehi sagge,
yath bhata jyati vtasoko. [36]
Bhujagappayta
vare crurpe vihre ure,
naro kraye vsaye tattha bhikkh.
dadeyyannapna-ca vattha-ca nesa,
pasannena cittena sakkacca nicca. [37]
Upajti
tasm mahrja bhavesu bhoge,
manorame paccanubhuyya bhiyyo.
vihradnassa phalena santa,
sukha asoka adhigaccha pacch ti. [38]

***
Upajti
akane veuvane vihre,
tathgato tattha manobhirme.
nnvihrena vihsi dhro,
veneyyakna samudikkhamno. [39]

***
Upajti
agrino dni dum bhadante,
phalesino chadana vippahya,
te accimanto va pabhsayanti,
samayo mahvra agrasna.1
Upajti
dum vicitt suvirjamn,
rattakureheva ca pallavehi.
ratanujjalamaapasannibhs,
samayo mahvra agrasna. [40]
This verse = Th 527, with a variation in the last line, and has not been
counted towards the total number of verses collected here. The
variation, which reads samayo mahvra bhg rasna, also has
resolution at the 1st syllable and a ragaa break.
2
I can see no easy way to correct the metre to an Upajti line here, and
nor does the scheme fit any other metre that I am aware of.
Upajti (Vasaha)
supupphitagg kusumehi bhsit,
manuabht sucisdhugandh.
Vasaha
1
rukkh virocanti ubhosu passsu,
Upajti
phalehinekehi samiddhibht,
vicittarukkh ubhatovakse.
khudda pipsam-pi vinodayanti,
Upajti
vicittaml sucipallavehi,
Vasaha
susajjit morakalpasannibh.
Vasaha
rukkh virocanti ubhosu passsu,
Upajti
virocamn phalapallavehi,
susajjit vsanivsabht,
tosenti addhnakilantasatte,
Upajti (Vasaha)
suphullitagg vanagumbanissit,
lat anek suvirjamn.
tosenti satte maimaap va,
Upajti
lat anek dumanissit va,
piyehi saddhi sahit vadh va.
palobhayant hi sugandhagandh,
Upajti
vicittanldimanuava
dij samant abhikjamn.
tosenti majussarat rathi,
Upajti
mig ca nn suvirjamn,
uttugaka ca manuanett.
dis samant mabhidhvayanti,

1
Reading light in passsu m.c. here and in 43c below.
Upajti
manuabht ca mah samant,
Vasaha
virjamn harit va saddal.
supupphirukkh moinivalakat,
Upajti (Vasaha)
susajjit muttamay va vluk,
susahit crusuphassadt.
virocayanteva dis samant,
Upajti
sama suphassa sucibhmibhga,
Vasaha
manuapupphodayagandhavsita.
virjamna sucima-ca sobha,
Upajti
susajjita nandanaknana va,
Vasaha
vicittanndumasaamaita,
The metre is very wrong here; also it seems we should read moi-valakat, but that doesnt help the metre.
sugandhabhta pavana suramma,
Upajti (Vasaha)
sar vicitt vividh manoram,
susajjit pakajapuark.
pasannastodakacrupu,
Upajti
suphullannvidhapakajehi
virjamn sucigandhagandh,
pamodayanteva narmarna,
Upajti
suphullapakeruhasannisinn,
dij samant mabhindayant.
modanti bhariyhi samagino te,
Upajti
suphullapupphehi raja gahetv,
al vidhvanti vikjamn.
Vasaha
madhumhi gandho vidisa pavyati,
Upajti
abhinnand madavra ca,
girhi dhvanti ca vridhr.
savanti najjo suvirjit va
Upajti
gir samant va padissamn,
mayragv iva nlava.
dis rajindva virocayanti,
Upajti
mayrasagh girimuddhanasmi,
naccanti nrhi samagibht.
kjanti nnmadhurassarehi,
Upajti
suvdik nekadij manu,
vicittapattehi virjamn.
girimhi hatv abhindayanti,
Upajti
suphullapupphkarambhiki
sugandhanndalalakat ca.
gir virocanti dis samant,
Upajti
jalsay nekasugandhagandh,
surinda-uyynajalsay va,
savanti najjo suvirjamn,
Upajti
vicittatitthehi alakat ca,
manuannmigapakkhips.
najjo virocanti susandamn,
Upajti
ubhosu passesu jalsayesu,
supupphit crusugandharukkh.
vibhsitagg surasundar ca,
Upajti
sugandhanndumajlakia
vana vicitta suranandana va,
manobhirma satata gatna,
Upajti
sampannannsuci-annapn,
sabyajan sdurasena yutt.
pathesu gme sulabh manu,
Upajti
virjit si mah samant,
vicittava kusumsanassa.
rattindagopehi alakat va
Upajti
visuddhasaddhdiguehi yutt,
sambuddharja abhipatthayant.
bahhi tattheva jan samant,
Upajti
vicitra-rmasupokkharao,
vicitrannpadumehi chann.
Vasaha
bhisehi khra va rasa pavyati,
Upajti (Vasaha)
vicitranlacchadanenalakat,
manuarukkh ubhatovakse.
samuggat sattasamhabht,
Upajti (Vasaha)
vicitranlabbham-ivyata vana,
Vasaha
surindaloke iva nandana vana.
sabbotuka sdhusugandhapuppha,
Upajti
subhajasa yojanayojanesu,
subhikkhagm sulabh manu.
janbhiki sulabhannapn,
Upajti
pahtachydakarammabht,
nivsina sabbasukhappadt,
vislasl ca sabh ca bh,1
Upajti (Vasaha)
vicittanndumasaamait,
manua-uyynasupokkharao.
sumpit sdhusugandhagandh,
Upajti
vto mudstalasdhurpo,
nabh ca abbh vigat samant.
dis ca sabb va virocayanti,
ChSa reads: bah.
Upajti
pathe rajonuggamanattham-eva,
ratti pavassanti ca mandavuh.
nabhe ca sro muduko va tpo,
Upajti
madappabh madahatthisagh,
kareusaghehi sukayanti.
dis vidhvanti ca gajjayant,
Upajti
vana sunla abhidassanya,
nlabbhaka iva rammabhta.
vilokitna ativimhanya,
Upajti
visuddham-abbha gagana suramma,
mamayeh samalakat va,
dis ca sabb atirocayanti,
Upajti
gandhabbavijjdharakinnar ca,
sugtiyant madhurassarena.
caranti tasmi pavane suramme,
Upajti
kilesasaghassa bhitsakehi,
Vasaha
tapassisaghehi nisevita vana.
vihra-rmasamiddhibhta,
Upajti
samiddhinnphalino vanant,
ankul niccamanobhiramm.
samdhipti abhivahayanti,
Upajti
nisevita nekadijehi nicca,
gmena gma satata vasant.
pure pure gmavar ca santi,

1
ChSa reads: maimayehi.
Upajti
vatthannapna sayansana-ca,
gandha-ca mla-ca vilepana-ca.
tahi samiddh janat bah ca,
Upajti
puiddhiy sabbayasaggapatt,
jan ca tasmi sukhit samiddh.
pahtabhog vividh vasanti,
Upajti
nabhe ca abbh suvisuddhava,
dis ca cando suvirjito va.
ratti-ca vto mudustalo ca,
Upajti
canduggame sabbajan pahah,
sakagae citrakath vadant.
piyehi saddhi abhimodayanti,
Upajti
candassa rashi nabha viroci,
mah ca sasuddhamanuava.
dis ca sabb parisuddharp,
Upajti
dre ca disv varacandarasi,
pupphisu pupphni mahtalasmi.
samantato gandhaguatthikna,
Upajti
candassa rashi vilimpit va,
Vasaha
mah samant kusumenalakat.
viroci sabbagasumlin va,
Upajti
kucanti hatth pi madena matt,
vicittapich ca dij samant.
karonti nda pavane suramme,
Upajti (Vasaha)
patha-ca sabba paipajjanakkhama,
iddha-ca raha sadhana sabhoga.
sabbatthuta sabbasukhappadna,
Upajti
vana-ca sabba suvicittarpa,
sumpita nandanaknana va.
yatna pti satata janeti,
Upajti
alakata devapura va ramma,
kaplavatthu iti nmadheyya,
Sumukh
kulanagara idha sassirika,
Upajti
manua-alavicittarpa,
suphullapakeruhasaamaita,
As it stands this line scans as Sumukh; the last word however, is usually
spelt sassirka, so maybe -i- is m.c.
vicittaparikhhi pura suramma,
Upajti
vicittapkra-ca toraa-ca,
subhagaa devanivsabhta,
Vasaha
manuavth suralokasannibha,1
Upajti
alakat skiyarjaputt,
virjamn varabhsanehi,
surindaloke iva devaputt,
Vasantatilak
suddhodano munivara abhidassanya,
Vasaha
amaccaputte dasadh apesayi.
Upindavajir
balena saddhi mahat muninda,
Indavajir
There appears to be resolution of the 4th syllable here, though that is

rare in this position in a Upajti line, but the scheme once again fits no
other metre I have come across.
A long 6th sylable, as here, is normally avoided in Upajti.
Upajti
nevgata passati neva vca,
sokbhibhta naravraseha,
tosetum-icchmi nardhipatta,
Upajti
tadassanenabbhutaptirsi,
udikkhamna dvipadnam-inda.
tosehi ta muninda guaseha,
sya kassate khetta, bja sya vappati;
sya vij yanti, samudda dhanahrak;
yya sya tihmi, s me s samijjhatu.3

,
ravipul
ntista nti-uha, ntidubbhikkhachtaka.
pathy
saddal harit bhmi, esa klo mahmun ti. [101]
ChSa reads: manuavthi.

If the metre is meant to be Indavajir, then it is very wrong here. I
know of no metre conforming to this scheme.
3
This verse = Thergtha 530, and so has not been counted towards the
total.
2
from Sumedhapatthankathvaan
Upindavajir
dpakare crukare kumre,
sivakare santikare va jte,
pakam-pi sakam-pi tad samant,
sahassasakhy dasalokadhtu. [102]
pathy
cakkavasahassesu, dasasahasseva devat,
pathy
ekasmi cakkavasmi, tad sannipatisu t. [103]
pathy
bodhisatta mahsatta, jtamattan-tu devat,
mavipul-type
pahama paiggahisu, pacch ta manuj pana. [104]
Upindavajir
avdit kenaci cammanaddh,
supokkhar dundubhiyo ca v.
aghaitnbharani tasmi,
khae samant madhura ravisu. [105]
Upajti
chijjisu sabbattha ca bandhanni,
saya vigacchisu ca sabbarog.
rpni passisu ca jti-andh,
sadda samant badhir suisu. [106]
Upajti
anussati jtija manuss,
Vasaha
labhisu yna padas va pagul.
videsayt sayam-eva nv,
sapaana sgham-upgamisu. [107]
Upajti
ksaha bhmigata-ca sabba,
saya samant ratana viroci.
nibbyi ghore niraye hutso,
nadsu toyam-pi ca nappavatti. [108]
Upajti
lokantare dukkhanirantare pi,
pabh ur vipul ahosi.
tath tad santataragamlo,
mahsamuddo madhurodakoya. [109]
This line has the Vedic opening, which is usually avoided in the
Medieval texts.
Upajti
na vyi vto pharuso kharo v,
samphullapupph taravo ahesu.
viroci cando adhika satro,
na cpi uho suriyo1 ahosi. [110]
Upajti
khag nabhamh pi ca rukkhato ca,
hah va heh pathavi bhajisu.
mahcatuddpagato ca megho,
pavassi toya madhura samant. [111]
Upajti
hatv va dibbe bhavane sakasmi,
pasannacitt pana devatyo.
naccisu gyisu ca vdayisu,
seisu t keim-akasu ceva. [112]
Upajti
saya kira dvramahkav,
khaeva tasmi viva ahesu.
mahjane neva khud pips,
pesi loka kira kaci kaci. [113]
Indavajir
ye niccaver pana pisagh,
te mettacitta parama labhisu.
kk ulkehi carisu saddhi,
ko varhehi akasu kei. [114]
Indavajir
ghor pi sappnamukh pi sapp,
kisu kma nakulehi saddhi.
gahisu majjrasiresu yk,
vissatthacitt gharam-sik pi. [115]
Upajti
buddhantarenpi aladdhatoye,
piscaloke vigat pips.
khujj ahesu samacruky,
mg ca vca madhura lapisu. [116]
Upajti
pasannacitt pana pisagh,
tadaam-aa piyam-lapisu.
ass ca hesisu pahahacitt,
gajjisu matt varavra pi. [117]

1
ChSa reads: sriyo.
Dutavilambita
surabhicandanacuasamkul
kusumakukumadhpasugandhin.
vividhacrumahaddhajamlin,
dasasahassi ahosi samantato ti. [118]

***
pathy
appicch pana santuh, vattro vacanakkham,
pathy
pavivitt asasah, vint ppagarahino. [119]
pathy
sabbe pi slasampann, samdhijjhnakovid,
pathy
pavimuttisampann, tipacacarayut. [120]
pathy
khsav vasippatt, iddhimanto yasassino,
pathy
santindriy damappatt, suddh khapunabbhav ti. [121]

***
Upindavajir
suvaavaya pabhya dhro,
suvaavae kira maggarukkhe.
suvaavae kusume karonto,
suvaavao paipajji magga. [122]
from Dpakarabuddhavasavaan
pathy
dna nma sukhdna, nidna parama mata,
pathy
nibbna pana sopna, patihti pavuccati. [123]
pathy
dna ta manussna, dna bandhu paryana,
pathy
dna dukkhdhipannna, sattna param gati. [124]
pathy
dukkhanittharaahena dna nv ti dpita.
pathy
bhayarakkhaato dna, nagaran-ti ca vaita. [125]
pathy
dna dursadahena, vuttam-siviso ti ca,
pathy
dna lobhamaldhi, paduma anupalittato. [126]
pathy
natthi dnasamo loke, purisassa avassayo,
pathy
paipajjatha tasm ta, kiriyjjhsayena ca. [127]
pathy
saggalokanidnni, dnni matim idha,
pathy
ko hi nma naro loke, na dadeyya hite rato. [128]
pathy
sutv devesu sampatti, ko naro dnasambhava,
9 syllables
na dajj sukhappada dna, dna cittappamodana. [129]
pathy
dnena paipannena, accharparivrito,
pathy
ramate sucira kla, nandane suranandane. [130]

,Campakaml
ptimura vindati dt,

,
gravam-asmi gacchati loke.

,
kittim-ananta yti ca dt,

,
vissasanyo hoti ca dt. [131]

,[]
Mattamayra
datv dna yti naro [so] bhogasamiddhi,

,[]
dgha-cyu sussaratam[-pi ca] vindati rpa

,
sagge saddhi kati devehi vimnesu

,
hatv nn mattamayrbhirutesu. [132]
Upajti
corrirjodakapvakna,
dhana asdhraam-eva dna,
dadti ta svakaabhmi,
paccekabhmi pana buddhabhmin ti. [133]

1
We need to exclude so from the 1st line, pi ca from the 2nd (then
reading sussarata), and read devavimnesu in the 3rd line to correct
the metre. This gth has evidently become confused and is laid out
incorrectly on the Chaha Sagyana CD-ROM, perhaps because the
metre is fairly rare. Note that the metre name itself occurs in the line d.
***
Indavajir
sla sukhna parama nidna,
slena sl tidiva payti.
sla-hi sasram-upgatassa,
ta-ca lea-ca paryana-ca. [134]
Upajti
avassayo slasamo janna,
kuto panao idha v parattha.
sla guna param patih,
yath dhar thvarajagamna.

***
pathy
bhariy padum nma, vibuddhapadumnan,
pathy
atrajo usabhakkhandho, dpakarassa satthuno. [136]
pathy
has koc mayrkhy, psd pi tayo mat,
pathy
dasavassasahassni, agra avas kira. [137]
pathy
hatthiynena nikkhanto, nandrme jino vas,
pathy
nando nmassupahko, loknandakaro kir ti. [138]
from Koaabuddhavasavaan
pathy
koao nma sambuddho, candrme manorame;
pathy
nibbyi cetiyo tassa, sattayojaniko kato. [139]
pathy
na heva dhtuyo tassa, satthuno, vikirisu t;
pathy
hit ekaghan hutv, suvaapaim viya. [140]

from Magalabuddhavasavaan
pathy
magge phale ca nibbne, rukkhe paattiya tath;
pathy
sabbaute ca asmi, bodhisaddo pangato. [141]

from Revatabuddhavasavaan
pathy
tassa dehbhinikkhanta, pabhjlam-anuttara,
pathy
div ceva tad ratti, nicca pharati yojana. [142]
pathy
dhtuyo mama sabb pi, vikirant ti so jino,
pathy
adhihsi mahvro, sabbasattnukampako. [143]
pathy
mahngavanuyyne, mahato nagarassa so,
pathy
pjito naram-rhi, parinibbyi revato ti. [144]

from Piyadassbuddhavasavaan
Pupphitagg
gajavara vadato suohi vca,
mama hitam-atthayuta-ca ta bhajhi.
tava vadhanirata paduhabhva,
apanaya santam-upehi crudanti. [145]
Indavajir
lobhena dosena ca mohato v,
yo pino hisati vrainda.
so paght suciram-pi kla,
dukkha sughora narakenubhoti. [146]
Upajti
mksi mtaga puneva rpa,
kamma pamdena madena v pi.
avciya dukkham-asayha kappa,
pappoti pa atiptayanto. [147]
ChSa reads: arhi.
Upajti
dukkha sughora narakenubhotv,
manussaloka yadi yti bhiyyo.
appyuko hoti virparpo,
vihisako dukkhavisesabhg. [148]
Upajti
yath ca p parama piy te,
mahjane kujara mandanga.
tath parass pi piyti atv,
ptipto parivajjanyo. [149]
Indavajir
dose ca hisnirate viditv,
ptipt virate gue ca.
ptipta parivajjaya tva,
sagge sukha icchasi ce parattha. [150]
Upajti
ptipt virato sudanto,
piyo manpo bhavatdha loke.
kyassa bhed ca para panassa,
saggdhivsa kathayanti buddh. [151]
Indavajir
dukkhgama nicchati koci loke,
sabbo pi jto sukham-esa-t-eva.
tasm mahnga vihya hisa,
bhvehi metta karua-ca kle ti. [152]

from Sikhbuddhavasavannan
Upindavajir
sikh va loke tapas jalitv,
sikh va meghgamane naditv.
sikh mahesindhanavippahno,
sikh va santi sugato gato so. [153]

from Vessabhbuddhavasavaan
Aparavatta
usabhavatipure puruttame,
jinavasabho bhagav hi vessabh,
upavanavihare manorame,
nirupadhisesam-upgato kir ti. [154]
from Kakusandhabuddhavasavaan
Upajti
apetabandho kakusandhabuddho,
adandhapao gatasabbarandho.
tilokasandho kira saccasandho,
kheme pane vsam-akappayittha. [155]

from Kogamanabuddhavasavaan
Upajti (Vasaha)
sukhena kogamano gatsavo,
vikmapgamano mahes.
vane viveke sirinmadheyye,
visuddhavasgamano vasittha. [156]

from Kasasapabuddhavasavaan
Svgat (Classical)
kassapo pi bhagav katakicco,
sabbasattahitam-eva karonto.
ksirjanagare migadye,
lokanandanakaro nivas ti.1 [157]
Unusually the quotation marker is inside the metre here.
from Gotamabuddhavasavaan
,
mavipul
idni yasm amhka, buddhavasassa vaan,
pathy
anukkamena sampatt, tasmya tassa vaan. [158]

***
Vasaha
vibhsit blajanticlin,
vibhsitag vaniteva mlin.
sad janna nayanlimlin,
vilumpinvtiviroci lumbin. [159]

***
pathy
m nikkhama mahvra, ito te sattame dine,
navipul
dibba tu cakkaratana, addh ptu bhavissati. [160]
***
pathy
jnmaha mahrja, mayha cakkassa sambhava.

,
mavipul
anatthikoha rajjena, gaccha tva mra m idha. [161]
pathy
sakala dasasahassam-pi, lokadhtum-aha pana,
pathy
unndetv bhavissmi, buddho loke vinyako ti. [162]
***
Toaka
atha rjagaha vararjagaha,
nararjavare nagara tu gate, [163]
girirjavaro munirjavaro,
migarjagato sugato pi gato.

***
Upajti
pamattabandhussa ca yuddhakle,
tilokabandhussa ca vattamne.
ukk samant nipatisu ghor,
dhmandhakr ca dis ahesu. [164]
Vasaha
acetanyam-pi sacetan yath,
gat viyoga patineva kmin.
lateva vtbhihat sasgar,
pakam-pi nnsadhar dhar mah. [165]
Upajti
ahesum-uddhtajal samudd,
vahisu najjo pailomam-eva,
kni nntarusaghani,
bhetv girna pathavi bhajisu. [166]
Upindavajir
pavyi vto pharuso samant,
nighaasaddo tumulo ahosi.
bhajittha ghora ravirandhakra,
kabandharpa gagane carittha. [167]
Upajti
eva pakra asiva aniha,
ksaga bhmigata-ca ghora,
anekarpa kira dunnimitta,
ahosi mrgamane samant. [168]
Upajti
ta devadeva abhihantukma,
kma tu disv pana devasagh.
hh ti sadda anukampamn,
akasu saddhi amaraganhi. [169]
Upajti
pacch pi passisu sudantarpa,
disvidssu palyamna.
sa-antaka ta sabala aneka,
hatthe ca thar ca pt tayisu. [170]
Upajti
vihagamna garuo va majjhe,
majjhe migna paramo va sho.
mahyaso mrabalassa majjhe,
visrado vtabhayo nisdi. [171]

from Nigamanakath
pathy
ettvat gat siddhi, buddhavasassa vaan,
pathy
suvaapadavitavicittanayasobhit. [172]
pathy
porahakathmagga, pi-atthappaksaka,
pathy
dyeva kat buddhavasassahakath may. [173]
1
2
ChSa reads: disvidissu.

The metre is wrong here, maybe we should read thar ca hatthe, which
would give a correct opening, but we would still have ragaa in the
break which is unusual.
pathy
papacattha vivajjetv, madhuratthassa sabbaso,
pathy
sampaksanato tasm, madhuratthappaksin. [174]
pathy
kvrajalasamptapariptamahtale.
pathy
kvrapaane ramme, nnnrinarkule. [175]
pathy
krite kahadsena, sahavcena sdhun,
pathy
vihre vividhkracrupkrago pure. [176]
pathy
chysalilasampanne, dassanye manorame,
pathy
hatadujjanasambdhe, pavivekasukhe sive. [177]
pathy
tattha pcnapsdatale paramastale.
pathy
vasat buddhavasassa, may savaan kat. [178]
Bhujagappayta
yath buddhavasassa savaanya,
gat sdhu siddhi vin antarya.
tath dhammayutt janna vitakk,
vin-v-antaryena siddhi vajantu. [179]
Bhujagappayta
ima buddhavasassa savaana me,
karontena ya patthita puajta.
sad tassa devnubhvena loko,
dhuva santam-accantam-attha payta. [180]
Bhujagappayta
vinassantu rog manussesu sabbe,
pavassantu dev pi vassantakle.
sukha hotu nicca vara nrak pi,
piscpayt pips bhavantu. [181]
Bhujagappayta
sur accharna gadhi saddhi,
cira devaloke sukha cnubhontu.
cira htu dhammo munindassa loke,
sukha lokapl mahi playantu. [182]
pathy
garhi gtanmena, buddhadatto ti vissuto,
bhavipul
thero katv ahakatha, madhuratthavilsini. [183]
pathy
potthaka hapayitvema, parampare hit-v-aha,
pathy
acirahitabhvena, aho maccuvasa gato. [184]
pathy
antarya vin es, yath niha upgat,
pathy
tath sijjhantu sakapp, sattna dhammanissit ti. [185]

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Studies in Ven.

Studies in Ven. Buddhadattas Prosody

2: Sarabhatti & Resolution

Excluding the Parivr which is summarised in the Uttaravinicchaya,

2209b; pariyaye 2302d; pariypueyya 2310a; pariyesitv 2340a;

3: Analysis of the metres

The compliment of this phenomena, contraction of 2 light syllables into

As an example of the pathy Siloka, we can quote the

vanditv siras seha, buddham-appaipuggala.

bhavbhvakara dhamma, gaa-ceva niragaa. [1]

bhikkhna bhikkhunna-ca, hitatthya samhito.

pavakkhmi samsena, vinayassa vinicchaya. [2]

paubhvakara eta, parama vinayakkame. [3]

apra otarantna, sra vinayasgara;

bhikkhna bhikkhunna-ca, nvbhta manorama. [4]

tasm vinayanpya, vinayassa vinicchaya.

avikkhittena cittena, vadato me nibodhatha. [5]

As in the Medieval prosodies the word-break and the opening are

Two of these lines (2669c & 2730a) could be corrected if we accepted

avtivatte majjhahe, gharam-aassa gacchati.

gharpacrokkamane, pahamena hi dukkaa. [1555]

muhikam-adhikara saso v tuldika.

kici saghassa dinna ce, ta sabba garubhaaka. [2869]

palauko pauvao, bhajano lohito pi ca.

harito haritavao, cpalo setako pi ca. [2134]

avassutassvassut, manussa puggalassa y.

sarram-assa tena v, phuh prjik siy. [1970]

tikya pi atisaissa vimatissa v.

ekato-upasampannahatth gahti dukkaa. [632]

A curiosity of the Siloka found in Ven. Buddhadattas prosody is

asayanighare tassa, sayanigharasaino [1548ab]

One verse is written in Mattchandas metre - that is a mixed

sakalo asamsato may.

kathito ettha vinicchayo tato. [1534]

vividhanayanayuta upenti ye.

vinayanaye pauta upenti te. [541]

kusumam-ida pana yvajvika.

avoca dukkaa jino. [2240]

ChSa reads: kakundakana. Notice the alliteration on the sound ka.

dvinna magga gacchantna,

ohn ce tasspatti. [2062]

khdaniya v bhojaniya v,1

khdati bhujati v pi ca ta,

so jinavutta dosam-upeti. [1320]

I read short -i- twice in line a to give a Campakaml line; otherwise

Upajti normally consisits of a mixture of Indavajir

sacassa citta marapasahita.

upakkamo tena ca tassa nso,

pacettha agni manussaghte. [305]

vattni bhatte gamikassa jantghare tath vaccakuippavese. [2914]

mtpitna pana dassanattha,

dahu gilna tad-upahakna,

bhattdi nesa pariyesanattha. [2612]

y pana bhikkhun ussayavd;

aakar mukhar vihareyya.

kenaci yena narenidha saddhi.

s garuka kira dosam-upeti. [2011]

ChSa reads: yena kenaci here.

metre called Sagat.1 There are 3 examples (vss. 38 1963, &

ima hitavibhvana bhvana,

avedi surasambhava sambhava.

samo bhavatuplin plin. [38]

upaddav muccitukmatya yo.

tatheva ta hnam-atikkameti ce,