PS302 Theories in Philippine Studies Dr. Vicente C.

. Villan Sarbey Sa Bibliograpiya, Lawak At Saklaw Ng Paksa Ng Panukalang Disertasyon Michael J. Fast 2013-78255 SARBEY SA BIBLIOGRAPIYA Anderson, Donald E., ed. The 1970s in the Ministry of the Baptist General Conference, (Arlington Heights, IL: Board of Trustees of the Baptist General Conference, 1981), 7377. Discusses BGC-US mission history and strategy for the Philippines during this the 1970s. Anderson, Wendell and Nancy. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1965-1975. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of the first Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their work at the Baptist Bible School in Cebu. Annual Reports of the Baptist General Conference of America, 1951-1971. Arlington Heights, Il: Board of Trustees Baptist General Conference. Contains statistics from BGC-US work in the US, Canada, and around the world. Many statistics and reports about the Philippines through the years. Baptist Theological College. Catalog. Cebu: Baptist Theological College, n.d. Includes course descriptions for classes offered at BTC. Gives and indication of what was important in theological education in BCP at the time. Bjelland, Irwin and Constance. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1956-1969. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of the first Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their work at the Baptist Bible School in Cebu. Bulatao, J. C. Split-Level Christianity. In Phenomena and Their Interpretation: Landmark Essays, 1957-1989. Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1992: 22-31. A discussion of issues faced by Roman Catholic priests when trying to evaluate the impact of their mission in the Philippines. Defines split-level Christianity as "the conviction of the fitness of each of two objectively inconsistent thought-and-behaviour systems." Furthermore, according to Bulatao, "... the inconsistency is either not perceived at all or is pushed into the rear portions of consciousness;" coupled with these two initial concepts is the "need to keep the authority figure (ie. priest or pastor) at a distance." Perhaps this is because it is the authority figure that brings the inconsistency to the fore. This concept has been taken on by many others, including members of Protestant mission organizations.

2 Chalmers, George and Nancy. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1965-1988. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their evangelism, church-planting, and pastoral work in Cebu, Masbate and Western Samar. Chesbro, Wilbert and Betty. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1978-1979. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their work in Leyte. Christensen, Hartley and Marlene. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1966-1969. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their work in Cebu with Baptist Theological College. Covar, Prospero R. Larangan: Seminal Essay on Philippine Culture. Manila: National Commission for Culture and the Arts, 1998. Discussion of Filipino concepts of personhood, religion, colonialism, and idigenization. de Mesa, Jose M. Why Theology is Never Far From Home. Manila: De La Salle University Press, 2003. Professor of Systematic Theology at De La Salle University and one of the worlds 100 most famous contemporary theologians. Includes a discussion of pagbabalik-loob, the Tagalog word for convert. . Mga Aral sa Daan: Dulog at Paraang Kultural sa Kristolohiya. Manila: De La Salle University Press, 2004. Includes a discussion of pagbabalik-loob, the Tagalog word for convert. . "The Ama Namin in the Doctrina Christiana of 1593: A Filipino Cultural-theological Reading." in John Suk, ed. Doing Theology in the Philippines /contributors, E. Acoba ... [et al.]; Quezon City, Philippines: Asian Theological Seminary; Manila, Philippines: OMF Literature, 2005. Shows how the Tradition was inculturated by the authors of the Doctrina Christiana, the first book published in the Philippines. Looks at the Ama Namin. Shows how certain elements have been adapted to Philippine culture especially as related to relationships and food. de Mesa also says that contemporary Bible translations do not reflect as high a concept of inculturation Doctrina Christiana does.

3 Enriquez, Virgilio G. Indigenous Psychology and National Consciousness. Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa Monograph Series No. 23. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, 1989. Shows a model of indigenization from within. Includes a discussion of Sikolohiyang Pangrelihiyon as well as indigenous research methods. . Pagbabangong-Dangal: Indigenous Psychology and Cultural Empowerment. Quezon City: Akademya ng Kultura at Sikolohiyang Pilipino, 1994. A detailed discussion of the phases of cultural domination in the Philippines. Continues with a detailed discussion of how to overcome cultural domination. Includes examples of Indigenous Filipino Religious Consciousness. Espland, Harvey and Barbara. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1958-1989. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their churchplanting work in Bohol. Guillermo, Ramon. "Citing a Southeast Asian Classic: Citation Analysis of Vicente Rafael's Contracting Colonialism." A paper presented at "Engaging the Classics in Malay and Southeast Asian Studies." National University of Singapore, 17-18 June 2010. A citation analysis for Contracting Colonialism based upon occurrences in Google Scholar. Indicates that the book is the most successful book written by a Filipino. An updated version for 2013 is now available that takes advantage of Google Scholars access to more journals. Guston, David and Martin Erikson, eds. Fifteen Eventful Years: A Survey of the Baptist General Conference, 1945-1960. Chicago: Harvest, 1961. Includes official history of the first BGC-US missionaries to the Philippines. Hornedo, Florentino H. The Favor of the Gods: Essays in Filipino Religious Thought and Behavior. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Publishing House, 2001. Based on research conducted in Central and Northern Luzon as well as Sulu and Tawi-Tawi this series of papers addresses Philippine religious culture and consciousness, inculturation, views of nature, indigenous religions, and how Filipinos talk to and about God. Ileto, Reynaldo Clemena Pasyon and Revolution: Popular Movements in the Philippines, 18401910. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1979. Includes a discussion of Filipino leadership and sources of power including anting-anting. Also includes a discussion of loob. Goes on to show how Filipino revolutionary leaders gained inspiration from the Pabasa or Pasyon stories that originated with the Spanish. Jocano, F. Landa. Folk Christianity: A Preliminary Study of Conversion and Patterning of Christian Experience in the Philippines. (Quezon City: Trinity Research Institute, 1981). A study of religious conversion from both Roman Catholic and Protestant perspectives. Includes ethnographic research from Panay. Includes a series of discussions with Filipinos

4 regarding their understanding of conversion in a Protestant sense. Touches on Filipinos values such as utang na loob and hiya. . Issues and Challenges in Filipino Value Formation. Quezon City: Punlad Research House, 1992. Describes a clash of values in Filipino culture. He describes exogenous and indigenous values models as each having significant impact on the daily lives of Filipinos and proposes a merging of the two into a third, uniquely Filipino value system, combining the best of both worlds. Johnson, Dave. Theology in Context: A Case Study in the Philippines. Baguio: APTS Press, 2013. Seeks to develop a contextual theology for the Waray people of Samar and Leyte. Assemblies of God perspective. Written by a missionary. Lindstedt, Marwin and Ruth. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1961-1989. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focused on their evangelism, church-planting, pastoral and theological training work in Cebu. Lindstedt, Ruth E. Unsa Ang Ginatudlo Kanato Sa Kasaysayan Sa Iglesia Sa Pilipinas. Cebu: Conference Leadership and Service Program, 1976. A booklet of Philippine church history in Cebuano. Written by a missionary. . Partnership: The History of the Baptist Conference of the Philippines, 1948-1988. Cebu: Philippine Harvest Publications, 1989. A history of the Baptist Conference of the Philippines. Has some factual errors in the later years. Written by a missionary. Maggay, Melba P. A Clash of Cultures: Early American Protestant Missions and Filipino Religious Consciousness. Manila: Anvil, 2011. Looks at Protestant missions in the Philippines in the first 50 years of the 20th century. Also has a detailed description and discussion of Filipino Religious Consciousness. ., ed. Communicating Cross-Culturally: Towards a new Context for Missions in the Philippines. Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1989. A series of papers outlining current issues in contextual theology, particularly reading the Bible in different contexts, problems in the relationships between missionaries and nationals, and ideas for the future of cross-cultural communication in the Philippines. Includes articles by William Dyrness and Miriam Adeney. Mercado, Leonardo N. Elements of Filipino Theology. Edited by Victoria S. Salazar. Tacloban: Divine Word University Publications, 1975. A thorough study on Filipino theology from a Roman Catholic perspective. Includes a discussion of indigenization of theology as well as looks at various parts of Filipino Religious Consciousness.

5 ., ed. Filipino Religious Psychology. Ulat ng Unang Kuperensyang Rehiyonal sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino, 13-15 Enero 1977, Divine Word University, Tacloban City. Tacloban: Divine Word University Publications, 1977. Papers from a conference on Sikolohiyang Pilipino. A series of essays looking a Filipino Religious Consciousness from a psychological perspective. Roman Catholic in orientation. Includes papers by Bulatao and Covar. Nelson, Andrew and Elvinia. Annual Report, 1952. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Annual Report about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Among the first to be appointed to the Philippines, this report focused on their first year of ministry. Nelson, Roy and Jean. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1958-1989. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focused on their evangelistic, church-planting, theological training and pastoral work in Cebu and Metro Manila. Nueva, Honorio. Personal Story. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines, [1982]. Personal history, conversion story, church history of one of the first pastor of the BCP. Osbron, Gerald and Barbara. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1962-1981. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their youth evangelism and church-planting work in Cebu, Masbate and Bacolod. The Project Gutenberg EBook of Doctrina Christiana. (Project Gutenberg, 2005). Accessed 20 August 2013. http://ia700504.us.archive.org/6/items/doctrinachristia16119gut/16119h/16119-h.htm. A digitized copy of the first book published in the Philippines. It includes information on how the document was originally discovered. It includes the first Bible portion translated into Tagalog, the Ama Namin. Unique in that it places side-by-side Tagalog in Baybayin script, Tagalog in Roman characters, and Spanish. Punzalan, Cesar Vicente P., III. Establishing a Baptist Presence in Southern Masbate. Phronesis 8, 2 (2001), 61-68. Tells the story of how 50% of the evangelical churches in Masbate, Philippines were planted by the Baptist Conference of the Philippines (BCP) in partnership with the Baptist General Conference of America (BGC-US). Methodologies included tent campaigns, a boat called Maayong Balita, evangelistic meetings, gospel presentations, drama teams, Theological Education by Extension (TEE) programs and churchplanting missionaries. Three-part

6 philosophy includes lead people to the Lord, lead people to worship in their own language, and train and empower new leaders as soon as possible. Includes mention of several BGC Missionaries, BCP Filipino workers, and key BCP Churches/Towns. Rafael, Vicente L. Contracting Colonialism: Translation and Christian Conversion in Tagalog Society Under Early Spanish Rule. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988. One of the most successful books written by a Filipino. An interesting discussion on the interplay between translation, conversion, and conquest. Shows lots of examples of early Tagalog Religious Consciousness and how Tagalogs were able to apply their own indigenous ideas to the message the Spanish brought. Rambo, Lewis R. Understanding Religious Conversion. New Haven: Yale, 1993. A study of the idea of conversion across religious boundaries. Includes an analysis of Filipino conversion under both the Spanish and the Protestants. Sarcos, Jacinta B. The History, Growth, and Development of the Baptist Theological College in Banilad, Mandaue City: It's Contribution to the Educational and Cultural Development of the Community and Implications to Theological Education. MAEd thesis, Southwestern University, Cebu City, 1987. Author is one of the first converts of BGC-US work in Cebu and member of the first BCP church. Includes some history of the BCP. Sarcos, Eliseo. The Socio-Educational and Economic Status of the Active Members of the Baptist Conference of the Philippines. MAEd thesis, Cebu Roosevelt Memorial Colleges, 1975. A pioneering pastor and educator of the BCP. President of Baptist Theological College, Cebu. Includes some history of the BCP as well as some indicators of members daily life and situation. Sevilla, Tranquilino C. The Baptist Theological College at San Remigio, Cebu: Its History, Development, and Religious and Educational Contributions to the Region and Service Area. MAEd thesis, Cebu Roosevelt Memorial Colleges, 1974. Discusses the impact of the BTC on the surrounding community. Gives and idea of the kinds of things seen as important for Christians to contribute to their communities. Taber, Charles R. The World is Too Much With Us: Culture in Modern Protestant Missions. Macon, Georgia: Mercer University Press, 2003. Includes a discussion of inculturation and contextualization. Tan, Michael. Revisiting Usog, Pasma, Kulam. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 2008. Filipino Religious Consciousness is explored by looking at various Filipino concepts related to sickness and healing. Thomas, Frederick and Ruth. Missionary Prayer Letters, 1958-1979. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines.

7 Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their churchplanting, pastoral and mass-media work in Cebu and Metro Manila. Left Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission over differences of opinion in missionary strategy. Tillman, Gustave and Mary. Missionary Prayer Letters, 19??-19??. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their churchplanting, evangelism, and pastoral work in Bohol and Metro Manila. Varberg, Richard and Eleanor. Missionary Prayer Letters, 19??-19??. Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission Archives, Baptist Theological College, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Prayer Letters, or informational letters, about the mission and ministry of Baptist General Conference-Philippine Mission missionaries to the Philippines. Focuses on their evangelism, church-planting, radio, and pastoral work in Cebu and Masbate. Varberg, Richard. Thoughts, Evaluations, Recommendations to the Field Council of the Baptist General Conference Philippine Mission at the Annual Session, April 10-13, Cebu City. Outlines basic and strategic decisions that must be made in the policies and practices of the BGC Philippine Mission. Outlines the Masbate Pilot Project. . Why Church Planting? BGC World, May 2003, 12-13. A missionary struggles with balancing meeting physical needs and spiritual needs over 39 years of ministry in the Philippines. Mentions the problems he found when arriving in the Philippines in 1958. . From the Iowa Farm to the Philippine Field: Forty Years of Church Planting in the Pearl of the Orient. St. Paul, MN: Self Published, 2006. Memoirs of a BGC of America missionary to the Philippines who served in both Cebu and Masbate. . Why Didnt You Come Sooner? Stories From My Life as a Missionary in the Philippines. Pasadena: William Carey Press, 2009. Stories of daily life of a BGC of America missionary to Cebu and Masbate. Some mention made of cultural differences faced, encounters with indigenous religious ideas and encounters with Roman Catholic clergy. Vicente C. Villan, lecture notes in PS302 Theories in Philippine Studies, University of the Philippines, 7 September 2013. Discusses the indigenous leadership concepts of buhay, ginhawa, and dangal that are still present in Filipino consciousness even after many years of colonial influence. Walls, Andrew F. The Translation Principle in Christian History. In The Missionary Movement in Christian History: Studies in the Transmission of Faith. Maryknoll: Orbis, 1996.

8 A discussion of translation based on the idea that Jesus himself was God translated into humanity. All of our subsequent translation efforts need to reflect this truth. Compares this with other religious ideas of translation (ie. Indian faiths, Judaism and Islam). The first divine act of translation into humanity gives rise to a constant succession of new translations. Christian diversity is the necessary product of the incarnation. Looks also at the connection between translation and conversion. Walls ideas are currently a major part of my proposed conceptual framework. Walls, Andrew F. The Ephesian Moment. In The Cross-Cultural Process in Christian History: Studies in the Transmission and Appropriation of Faith. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 2002, 72-81. The history of salvation is not completed in any of its exemplary figures, even the greatest of them. Their story cannot be made complete without those who follow them (sequentially). Walls shows that rather than cultural differences being the excuse to create more than one Christian community, Ephesians 2:22 teaches that there must be one Christian community, albeit a diverse one. There is unity within the diversity. Believers from the different communities are different bricks being used for the construction of a single building a temple where One God would live. Each Christian lifestyle, representing a culture converted to Christ, expressed something that the whole body needed. There are two dangers. One lies in an instinctive desire to protect our own version of Christian faith, or even to seek to establish it as the standard, normative one. The other, and perhaps the more seductive in the present condition of Western Christianity, is the postmodern option: to decide that each of the expressions and versions in equally valid and authentic, and that we are therefore each at a liberty to enjoy our own in isolation from all the others. Neither of these approaches is the Ephesian way. Walls ideas are currently a major part of my proposed conceptual framework. Walls, Andrew F. Converts or Proselytes? The Crisis over Conversion in the Early Church. International Bulletin Of Missionary Research, Vol. 28, No. 1, (2004): 2-6. Concepts of conversion and proselytization. Shows how the two are different and how that while the goal of Christian mission should be conversion what ends up happening in many cases is proselytization. Converts adapt their own culture to reflect a new encounter with God. Proselytes adopt some one elses encounter with God as their own. Walls ideas are currently a major part of my proposed conceptual framework. LAWAK AT SAKLAW NG PAKSA This study seeks to evaluate this proselyteconvert continuum in Philippine context by looking at the 3 generations of missionaries and leaders of the Baptist Conference of the Philippines as to the changing nature of the faith that they hold. What are the differences in belief and practice between the earliest presenters and recipients of this faith? How do those beliefs and practices connect with the faith and practices of the latest generation? This study will examine the attitudes and philosophy of the earliest BGC missionaries to the Philippines in the 1950s and 1960s and how those attitudes and philosophies have changed to reflect a greater awareness of Filipino Religious Consciousness. The study will define the significant terms and concepts by looking at biblical, theological, sociological, psychological, and anthropological sources. Extant written materials, including correspondence, sermons,

9 theological treatises, tracts, and teaching materials of surviving missionaries, early converts, and early BCP leaders will be examined. The phenomena of conversion will be examined through interviews with the same. The next generation(s) of BGC missionaries and BCP church leaders will also be studied with the results being compared to one another. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions: 1. How do we identify the proselyteconvert continuum? a. Definition of terms i. Biblically, Theologically, Sociologically, Psychologically, and Anthropologically 2. Where are the churches of the BCP on the proselyteconvert continuum? 3. What would be some barriers to that conversion? a. What are those parts of Christianity that can be definitively labeled as Western, Global South, and Filipino? b. What are the unique characteristics of Filipino Christianity and how do these characteristics show conversion is taking place? 4. What are some things that need to be changed? What models can be developed to assist in the translation process? 5. What other issues will this study raise and what are some potential resolutions for these issues? This study will seek to answer these questions through a look at the phenomenon of the interaction between missionaries of the BGC of America and the early members of the Baptist Conference of the Philippines. Multigenerational BCP Families and multigenerational BGC-US missionary families will be studied in order to hear their stories. Archival evidence of early communications and issues will be examined. Interviews will be conducted with the goal of determining what influence Filipino Religious Consciousness has had upon the faith brought in the 1950s, and existing up to the present time in the Philippines. Some key points of contact: Methods you have used? Main issues you have faced? What have you taken from your parent's ministry? What have you not taken? When we get to heaven and every tribe, nation, language, and tongue will be represented what do you think that Filipinos will contribute to the mix? What regrets do you have in your experience as a missionary?