GRAMMAR 10PREPOSITIONS

1 Underline the most suitable prepositions.

1 I got at / to the station just in time to see Jack gettingfrom / offthe train.
2 The cafe is among / between the chemist's and the butcher's and across/ opposite
the library.
3 Sue lives at / in Wales, which is a country at / in the west of Britain.
4 I was brought up in / on an island near / next to the coast of Scotland.
5 Travelling by / in your own car is better than going by / on foot.
6 Jack was leaning by / against the wall with his hands in / into his pockets.
7 Ann had a hat on / over her head and a veil above / over her face.
S We arrived at / in England at / in Gatwick Airport.
9 I left my bags at / from the station at / in a left luggage locker.
10 Peter came running into / to the room and threw his books at / onto the floor.
2 Complete each sentence with a suitable word or phrase from the box.
according to because of instead of apart from by means of
in favour of on behalf of as for in case of regardless of
1 I think I'd rather have coffee . tea.
2 the danger, Paul ran back into the burning house.
3 fire, smash the glass and push the button.
4 Personally, I am banning cigarette smoking completely!
5 I would like to thank you, everyone who was rescued.
6 you, no-one else knows that I have escaped.
7 Steve, he believes that we should stay where we are.
S Jim managed to climb into the house a ladder he found.
9 the rain, the match was postponed.
10 the timetable, the next train isn't for two hours.
3 Decide whether it is possible to leave out the words in italics.
1 Most people are wandering around the streets, taking photos. .
2 I gave my bike to my little sister, when it became too small for me ..
3 The people who live in the house opposite our house are Italian ..
4 I left my coat on the bed in here but it seems to have disappeared .
5 I'll wait for you outside the cinema, on the pavement. .
6 Peter took a deep breath, and then went under the water again .
7 Don't worry, the hotel's quite near to where we are now .
S The children can sit behind you in the back seats .
69
FIRSTCERTIFICATELANGUAGEPRACTICE
4 Completeeachsentencewith asuitable word orphrasefrom the box.
at by for in on out of to under
I Police officers don't have to wear uniform when they are 0.# duty.
2 I feel very tired times I consider giving up work.
3 The children were all upset, and some were tears.
4 This factory needs modernizing. Everything here is date.
5 Don't worry, everything is control.
6 Sorry, I seem to have taken the wrong umbrella mistake.
7 Please hurry. We need these documents delay.
8 That wasn't an accident! You did it purpose.
9 We thought the two films were very similar each other.
10 We decided to take a holiday in Wales a change.
5 Underlinethemostsuitable phraseineachsentence.
I I can't disturb John now. He's at bed / in bed.
2 Tony always arrives exactly in time / on time for his lesson.
3 Two pounds for each ticket, that makes 12 in all / with all.
4 I can't pick that last apple. It's out of hand / out of reach.
5 Joe and I met on the plane completely by chance / by surprise.
6 The children spend most of their time out ofdoors / out ofplace.
7 I'm sorry but Jane isn't here at present / at a time.
8 How can Sam love Lucy? They have nothing in common / in general.
9 They should be here soon. They are in the way / on the way.
10 Terry isn't here. He's away in business / on business.
6 Completeeachsentencewithasuitableword from the box.
breath fail impression secret strike return stock
I This is important. You must find the stolen chemicals at all I ( P ~ ; ? .
2 I was under the that you enjoyed working here.
3 Please hand your work in on Tuesday, without .
4 We can't go by train. The train-drivers are on .
5 Martin is supposed to have given up smoking, but he smokes in .
6 I'm afraid we don't have your size, we are out of .
7 If! give you the information, what will you give me in ?
8 I ran for the bus, and now I'm out of .
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GRAMMAR 10 PREPOSITIONS
7 Complete each sentence with a suitable word from the box.
average prefft sight detail himself practice public whole
1 Harrymanagedtosellhishouse ata .
2 What washedoinghereallby ?
3 Johnnyissofamousthathedoesn't appear in veryoften.
4 That wasaterrible shot!I'mratheroutof .
5 Howmanycarsdoyousell,on ,everyweek?
6 Thepolicearecoming!Stayout of untiltheyleave.
7 Isuppose Ienjoyedmyholidayonthe .
8 Canyoutellmeabout theplans in ?
8 Complete each sentence with a suitable phrase from the box.
byheart indifficulties out ofwork bysight
ffi--tw6 on sale withoutadoubt inpain
1 When Isatonthepencil,itbroke . .
2 Thisis thebestwashingmachineonthe market.
3 Grahamhasbeen eversincehecametoLondon.
4 Iknowher ,but Idon'tknowher name.
5 Thelifeguarddivedintosaveaswimmer .
6 Johnlearnedhisfirstspeech .
7 Youcouldtellhewas becausehekept groaning.
8 Softdrinksand icecreamare duringtheinterval.
9 Complete each sentence with a suitable phrase from the box.
atanyrate inperson outofdanger outoftune
from nowon inprivate outoforder ufiderorders
1 Jim's excusewasthat hewasacting from hisboss.
2 Thingshavechanged ,no-oneleavesbefore5.00.
3 Thankgoodness. Allthepassengersarenow .
4 Thepresidentwouldliketomeetyouand thankyou .
5 Yourviolinsoundsawful!Ithinkit's .
6 It'sawarm country.Wewon'tneedour pullovers, .
7 Excuseme,but I'd liketohaveawordwithyou .
8 Youcan'tusethephone. It's .
71
FIRSTCERTIFICATELANGUAGEPRACTICE
10 Putoneword ineachspace.
1 Juliehasnothing commonwithBill. They'requitedifferent.
2 Alarge blackcar suddenlydrewup in ofthe house.
3 Somestudentsarrivedlate schoolbecauseofthe badweather.
4 Iwalked thehouseatfirst, andIhadto goback.
S He sayshe'sill.Or, otherwords,he doesn'twantto comehere.
6 Sorry, Ican't stop. I'm ahurry.
7 IthinkIcanhelpyou. Whatdo youwantto know particular?
8 There's averygoodsong theendofthefilm.
9 Mostpeoplein myoffice are away holidayat the moment.
10 Thehouseoppositeis sale.Thereisanoticeoutside.
11 Putoneword ineachspace.
The psychology of accidents
Mostpeopleare (1) .k<.l':Ider. theimpressionthat doingsomething
(2) ............. mistakeisquitedifferentfromdoingsomething(3) .
purpose. (4) anyrate,wesupposethat ifwebreak acup,or fallover
and hurtourselves,(5) general thishappens becausewehavebeen
careless.(6) fact,according (7) somepsychologists,many
accidentsdonot,(8) the whole,reallyhappen(9) chance.
(l0) example,someonewhofailstoarrive (11) timefora
meeting(1Z) workmaybeworried abouthisorherjob,orbe
(13) difficulties(]4) horne.Similarly,breakingacupmaybe
ameans (15) drawingattentiontoyourself.(16) otherwords,
thereare oftengoodreasonsforbehaviourwhichseems(1 7) firsttobe
accidental. (18) course,somepeopleare involved(19) more
accidentsthan others.Thesepeopleareoftencalled'accident prone'. Theymay
notthinkthere isanything wrong,and (20) ............. realizingit, theymay
sufferfromstress,orcouldhaveaphysicalillness.
Keypoints ..
1 Thereisagroupofprepositionsusedwithverbsofmotion.
across, along, around, down, into, out of,past, to, towards, up
2 Someprepositionscanbe usedwithoutan object.
Jean lives opposite.
3 Asentencecan endwithapreposition.
Paul didn't have a chairto sit on.
-tSEEALSO
Grammar12: Timeexpressions
Consolidation3: Units9-12
72
GRAMMAR11 PURPOSE,RESULTANDCONTRAST
1 Underlinethemost suitableword or phraseineachsentence.
1 Janetwent out sothatshebought/ tobuy Harryapresent.
2 This food ismuchtoo hot toeat/ tobeeaten.
3 However/ Though itwaslate,IdecidedtophoneBrian.
4 Although/ Despitethe bikewascheap, itwasingoodcondition.
S Let'scheckonce more,forbeing/ so as tobesure.
6 Wecouldgoto the club.Isitworthit,even though / though?
7 Itwassowindy/ such awindythathalfthe trees hadblown down.
S The batterieswere not enough small/ toosmall tofitthe radio.
9 Despite oftheweather/ theweather,wewentsailing.
10 Billhadsomuch/ sothatfun thathestayedanotherweek.
2 Completethesecondsentence sothatithasasimilar meaningtothefirst
sentence,usingthe word given.Donotchangetheword given.Youmust use
betweentwoandfivewords,includingtheword given.
1 Suewent shoppingsoshecouldbuyherselfanew television.
to
Sue .. .. anew television.
2 Youusethis to openwine bottles.
for
This wine bottles.
3 Iput the waterin thefridge becauseIwanteditto getcold.
would
Iputthe water inthe fridge cold.
4 Harryleftearlybecausehedidn'twant tomiss the bus.
as
Harry to miss the bus.
S Isavedup some moneytobuyamotorbike.
could
Isavedup some money amotorbike.
6 Janegaveup smokingbecauseshewantedtosavemoney.
order
Janegaveup smoking money.
7 Icame here sothatIcouldseeyou.
to
I you.
7S
FIRSTCERTIFICATELANGUAGEPRACTICE
3 Rewrite eachsentence,beginningasshown. Donotchange the meaning.
1 Sam lost his job because he was lazy.
Sam was ..&o.. .
2 I couldn't buy the house because it was expensive.
The house was too .
3 The book was so interesting that {couldn1put it down.
It was .
4 There was too much noise, so we couldn't hear the speech.
There was so ..
5 The house was too small to live in comfortably.
The house wasn't .
6 We can't eat now because there isn't enough time.
There is too .
7 I can't come to your party because I'm too busy.
I'm too .
8 The class was cancelled because there weren't enough students.
There were so ..
4 Explainwhateachobjectisfor,usingoneofthe verbsinthe box.
lock pffi-ftt stick clean keep open put wash
1
2
brush
" I.'
.It:&'l.OX.
glue
.
3 fridge
4 sink
5 dustbin
6 toothbrush
8
7
key
....................................................................................
....................................................................................
corkscrew
76
GRAMMAR11 PURPOSE,RESULTANDCONTRAST
5 Lookcarefullyateach line.Someofthelinesarecorrect,and somehaveaword
which should not bethere.Tickeachcorrect line. Ifaline hasaword which
shouldnot bethere,writetheword inthe space.
GOODWRITERS ... A COURSE FORYOUl
Jane was one of those students who has problems
with writing. First, her handwriting +t was so bad
that most teachers couldn't to read it. The letters were
so small, that the words were extremely difficult to
read. Even though she tried to change her handwriting,
she felt discouraged. Secondly, she made so the many
mistakes in spelling and punctuation, so that her work
always gave a bad impression. As well as this, she
had problems with organizing her writing, in despite
making plans and writing notes. One day, though, she
took a Goodwriter writing course, so to learn how to
be an effective writer. At Goodwriters we taught her
how to organize her ideas. Although however she found
it difficult at first, so she soon made progress. She
learned to revise her writing, so as to improve it.
She started reading so too much that her spelling
improved, so while her handwriting became clearer too.
.......,1. .
Lt
.....................
1
2 .
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
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FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE
6 Complete each sentence with one suitable word.
1 Thesecurityguardcouldn'trunfast...evxp.\1-.gh....tocatchtheshoplifter.
2 Theywere good roads that wecoulddriveathigh speed.
3 It was darkthatIcouldn'tseeathing.
4 The trouserswere longenoughtofitJean.
5 Wehad agood time that wedecidedtogothereagain.
6 It was latethatwecouldn'tgetabus home.
7 Itookataxi asitwas farto walk.
8 The ladderwasn't tall toreach thewindow.
9 Thereare lovelyfishdishes thatyoudon'tfeellikeeatingmeat.
10 There were many dishesthatIcouldn'tmake upmymind.
7 Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning. Two
sentences should be rewritten as one.
1 Despitethecoldweather,weallwentforawalk.
Although .. .. .
2 John hasdone wellinFrench,butnot sowellinMaths.
While .
3 Itriedtopersuadeher.Ididn'tsucceed,however.
Although ..
4 It wasraining,butIwent swimminganyway.
Inspiteof .
5 Annfeltill, butinsistedongoingtowork.
Despite .
6 Inspiteofhisearlylead,Hudsonlostthe race.
Although .
7 I'mnotgoingto pay,althoughIknowthatIshould.
While .
8 WeexpectedLarrytoaccept thejob,buthedidn't.
EventhoughLarry .
Key points ..
1 The infinitiveofpurposemusthavethe same subjectasthe mainclause.
I went to the shops. I wanted to buy some fruit.
I went to the shops to buysome fruit.
Wedo notusefor inexampleslikethis.
2 In order to ismorecommoninformalspeech andwriting.In normal
conversationwejustuse to.
3 Contrastswith while, whereas andnevertheless areusedinformalspeech and
writing.
-+ SEE ALSO
Consolidation 3: Units 9-12
Grammar 26:Linkingwordsand text organizers
78
GRAMMAR12TIMEEXPRESSIONS
1 Underlinethe mostsuitableword orphraseineachsentence.
1 I haven't seen Jim before / since we worked together in London.
2 I'll finish the letter now and you can post it after / later.
3 What were you doing last evening / yesterday evening when I called?
4 Did you live here in / since 1997?
5 Chris hasn't finished her course already / yet.
6 What do you usually do in the afternoon / this afternoon?
7 Have you seen Jean and Chris nowadays / recently?
8 Helen arrived here at Thursday night / on Thursday night.
9 It's really ages since / when I saw you last.
10 Ann is going to be famous once / one day.
2 Putoneword ineachspace.
1 Graham came to see us over a week ago, the Friday before .. .
2 Is it very warm here the winter?
3 No thanks, I've had some tea .
4 Don't worry, it won't hurt and I'll be finished.
5 I liked the book. I didn't know what was going to happen .
6 I think that people had much more spare time in the .
7 This is very urgent. Please send it at .
8 Harry isn't here. He left about five minutes .
9 The film doesn't start until 7.30. We're half an hour .
10 Would you mind waiting for a moment, please?
3 Completeeachsentencewith aword orphrasefrom the box.
afterwards eventually in the end ft6vI'adays soon
immediately lately once yet
1 There is far too much traffic on the roads .. .
2 Never mind. I'm sure we'll find what we are looking for .
3 I haven't seen you for ages. What have you been doing ?
4 Jack hasn't left. He hasn't finished his work .
5 Take some notes in the meeting, and we'll discuss them .
6 If you don't mind waiting, Brenda will be back .
7 I considered taking a new job, but decided against it .
8 Norman and I worked for the same company .
9 You didn't fool me! I recognized you .
81
GRAMMAR 12TIME EXPRESSIONS
6 Putoneword ineachspace.
1 Youwillreceiveyour salary e:lL theendofthemonth.
2 Ifeelreallytired. IthinkI'llgotobed early .
3 Theweather hasbeen terriblesofar month.
4 I'llseewhat Davidsays,and I'llcomebackand tellyou.
5 I'mabitbusy ,butIcantalktoyoulater.
6 Ifyouhaven'tfinished ,don'tworry.
7 Areyoudoing anything Fridayevening?
8 WheresBrian?Heshouldbehere now.
9 Wecannotacceptapplicationssent theclosingdate.
10 uponatime,therewerethreebears.
7 Replacethe word orphraseinitalicswiththe mostsuitableword orphrase
(A-C),sothatthe meaningstaysthe same.
1 Theweatherwasbad atfirst,but itcleared upin the end '&. ..
A atlast B eventually Clately
2 Janewasleadingtherace,but all at once shefellover ..
A suddenly B onebyone Cafterthat
3 Haveyoubeenswimmingrecently? ..
A lately B already Cyet
4 Ienjoygoingskiingevery now and again ..
A frequently B immediately Coccasionally
5 IsawTerryinthe street the other day .
A recently B yesterday Clastnight
6 Ithinkwe'vesolvedthis problemonce and for all ..
A intheend B finally Clastly
7 Kathtold Martinthat shewasleavingforgood ..
A forever B forawhile Cearly
8 Wearrived forthe trainin good time .
A on time B atthe right moment Cwith time tospare
9 Ibelievewemet on a previous occasion .
A oncebefore B thelasttime Ccompletelybychance
10 Thepoliticalsituationseemstobechangingminute by minute ..
A from time totime B time aftertime Cveryrapidly
83