Question: 1 Solution Hilbert Matrix is ill conditioned Matrix .

Condition Number = norm(A)*norm(A_Inv) Condition Number is defined as product of Norm A and Norm (inverse (A)) Inverse of the Matrix is find out either using the Cofactor approach. ( ) Putting N =1 in Given Matrix formulation | | Norm A = 1 Norm_ =1 CN = 1 | | [ ]

Putting N =2 in given Matrix formulation

Norm A = 1.2693

Norm_

= 15.2315

CN = 19.3333

Putting N =3 in given Matrix formulation | | | |

Norm A = 1.4136

Norm_

= 372.2056

CN = 526.1588

Putting N = 4 in given Matrix formulation

| | |

| | | | |

Norm A = 1.5097

Norm_

= 1.0342 x104

CN = 1.5614 x104

Putting N = 5 in given Matrix formulation

| | |

| | | | | | |

Norm A = 1.5809

Norm_

= 3.0416 x105

CN = 4.8085 x105

Putting N = 6 in given Matrix formulation

| | | |

| | | |

Considering only integer values A-1 is as below

| |

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and with a complete values A-1 is as below 1.0e+006 * 0.0000 -0.0006 0.0034 -0.0076 0.0076 -0.0028 -0.0006 0.0147 -0.0882 0.2117 -0.2205 0.0832 0.0034 -0.0882 0.5645 -1.4112 1.5120 -0.5821 -0.0076 0.2117 -1.4112 3.6288 -3.9690 1.5523 0.0076 -0.2205 1.5120 -3.9690 4.4100 -1.7464 -0.0028 0.0832 -0.5821 1.5523 -1.7464 0.6985

Norm A = 1.6370

Norm_

= 9.2357 x106

CN = 1.5119 x107

Graph is plotted for a N Vs Condition Number and its clearly reflected that N above 5 will give the CN number with 106. When N = 6 the Condition is completely satisfied and the corresponding condition number reaches beyond 106 as per our requirement stated in the assignment.

N n= n= n= n=

1 2 3 4

CN CN = 1.0e+000 CN = 1.9e+001 CN = 5.2e+002 CN = 1.6e+004

N n= n= n= n=

5 6 7 8

CN CN = 4.8e+005 CN = 1.5e+007 CN = 4.8e+008 CN = 1.5e+010

Question: 2 Solution N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 X 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 1 2 5 7 10 26.5 Y 10.57 19.03 36.61 44.43 52.92 68.16 82.65 86.3 89.46 490.13

For a Saturation Profile fit the standard equation is of the form ( )

This equation can be linearized by inverting it to give the following ( ) Then We the above equation form can be solve with the linear curve fitting technique to find the constants by supplying the inverting data point for both X and Y. and using a normal form of matrix for using a linearised curve fit technique. Using the Linear Curve fitting we can formulate the matrix as below

][

Solving the matrix and finding the constant

( )

( ) The linear curve fit equation is as below for a given data set ( ( ( ( ( )) )) )

Saturation profile using Linear Curve fitting technique :