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Civilization: 1.3. Tourism is becoming increasingly important as a source of revenue to many countries but its disadvantages shouldnt be overlooked.

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. From my point of view tourism has become today an important brunch in the sector of economy. Its goals are to organize and conduct trips leisure, recreation of people from different activities. To my knowledge tourism plays a great role in economic and social life. It is a dynamic part of global trade system. It reduces the inter-region gap, fact as a part of education and training. Tourism helps to maintain the biological and physiological balance of people. Its a means of education. It contributes to the reshaping of work facilities, the e change of ideas and opinions which enlarge the cultural horizon. Its a factor in indentifying links between nations. It protects the environment and fundamental values of human e istence. !hile tourism can be a powerful positive force for change in poor countries, it can also be seriously demanding for the local environment and culture. Im convinced that an increase in mass tourism can ruin areas of natural beauty. It can damage coral reefs, pollute beaches and destroy the habitats of wildlife as roads and hotels are build. "nother negative effect is that the increasing numbers of airplane flights are a ma#or cause of global warming. The profits earned from tourism go straight into the bank accounts of big companies and little money enters the local economy. $y purchasing souvenirs, food and other goods from local people you can help to spread the benefits of tourism. Finally, tourism can have an adverse effect on local culture, traditions and way of life. %et be more educated and appreciate the beauties that &od left us. Civilization: 2.3. How would you describe your country or region and the people who live there? I think that every person on this planet should love his country. Thats why we call it homeland. 'y homeland is 'oldova. I still live in it and I love it because it keeps fascinating me every day with new people and places. oldova is a pictures!ue country" all rolling green hills" whitewashed villages and sunflower fields" with an old#world charm thats hard to manufacture. $ think its one of the most beautiful places on the %arth. &s every country in the world" oldova has a lot of places of interest that are worth visiting. The 'ld 'rhei is one of the most important historical places of the (epublic. & oldovan !uote says) *The person who has failed to build a home" to raise a son" to dig a well and to plant a tree has wasted his life. Thats why one of the beautiful places in oldova is a village. oldovan villages are so green" houses are beautiful and you can see wells along the streets. y story about my country" oldova" wouldnt be full if $ dont say anything about +hisinau which is the capital of oldova. (hisinau is situated in the center of the )epublic of 'oldova and I like it very much. *ere we can see many interesting monuments, museums, theatres and more another.

I think that everyone who was born here or even has visited my country could understand my feelings. There is no need to be a patriot to praise the beauty of my motherland and hospitality of our people. +f course, there are some unattractive sides of life here, but where have you seen a perfect one. Civilization: 3.3. *'ne of holiday celebrated in ,reat -ritain. oldova.U/& in greater detail In the world e ist many holidays which are celebrated different in every country. Id like to characterize (hristmas in three states from the world as 'oldova, &reat $ritain and ,-". I choose this holiday because it is one of the most festive holidays in many countries around the world. It is a (hristian holiday in memory of .esus (hrists birth and most people celebrate the day on /ecember 01 in the &regorian calendar, but many +rthodo (hristians celebrate (hristmas /ay on .anuary 2 like 'oldovans. There are many ways to celebrate (hristmas and people from different countries blend their cultural traditions with more universal (hristmas celebration. For 'oldova, &reat $ritain and ,-" are specific to have decorated (hristmas trees, either real or fake. "lthough 'oldovans usually decorate (hristmas trees on 3ew 4ears 5ve, and some call it the 3ew 4ear tree. The (hristmas trees for $ritish and "mericans or 3ew 4ear tree for 'oldovans are beautifully decorated with colored lights, angels and bright ornaments. In &reat $ritain in addition on the tree are hung little packets with nuts, candies and special biscuits. In ,-" and &reat $ritain are present traditions to decorate the e terior of house with small, bright-colored lights. In my opinion it is looking very beautiful and creates a wonderful atmosphere. "lso in these three state people buying gifts to present each other and sending (hristmas cards. (hildren waiting to receive gifts from -anta (laus. In ,-" and &reat $ritain he puts his sweets into the (hristmas stockings, but in 'oldova -anta puts his gifts under the (hristmas tree. I dont really believe in -anta but I believe that (hristmas is a very unusual holiday when the wonders happen and all dreams may come true. ,sually children from these states come around in the evening to the front doors and start singing carols and the people living in these houses give children candies, nuts, and pies and so on, to thank them for carol singing. !hen the meal is ready the real (hristmas comes with the big dinner, gifts, sweets and illumination. (hristmas time is the most beautiful time of year, the time of love, #oy and hopes. It is a special holiday for all the people around the world and it has its traditions which are different or similar. Civilization: 4.3. *0o you think it is dangerous thing to 1udge about a nation by existing stereotypes? In my opinion it is a dangerous think to #udge about a nation by e isting stereotypes, because stereotypes is a fi ed idea that is generally held about the

characteristics of a particular type of person which are wrongly believed to be shared by all the people of that type. 'any of these stereotypes say about people. For e ample not to #udge the (hinese about their stereotypes6 7"ll (hinese look the same8. This thing not true, because everyone (hinese are uni9ue in (hina. 'any say what6 7"ll "rabs are terrorists8 which says that all "rabs including children are terrorist, but this thing true. 5ven stereotypes applied to a racial group become inconsistent when members of that group are broken down by national origin. " case in point is that stereotypes about black "mericans differ from those about blacks from the (aribbean or blacks from "frican nations. -uch discrepancies indicate that stereotypes make little sense and arent useful tools by which to #udge others based on #ust a few aspects of their identity. 3egative stereotypes are a schematic idea of someone. ,sually they are formed when people are re9uired it wrong. In the minds of many were root negative stereotypes and that .ews are smart, )ussians - drunks, ,krainians - stingy, %ithuanians very slower and &eorgians : aggressive. In the middle of every nation there are people smart, drunken, greedy, aggressive. 3ationalities not determine these traits or specific human behavior, but education, some psychological traits we should not make a wrong picture well that there is no bush wood forest. "lso I would like to say that stereotypes are a part of human life, though they may present one sided e aggerated view on religion, social, ethnic groups of people as well as of classes of people. -tereotypes are certainly not reliable description of individual people, but they still e ist. "s a conclusion must not #udge about a nation by e isting stereotypes. For my knowledge stereotypes doesnt represents every person from society and so I say that we cant characterize all people from any country after the dominant characteristic in it. Civilization: 5.3. *+hoose one of the characteristic you remember well from your favorite book2s3. 0escribe. -ook is a source of knowledge. any of us read book because they search some interesting and discover new types of characters. +ne of my favorite books is 7$altagul8, written by 'ihail -adoveanu. It is an interesting novel, where the principal character is a woman, whose name is ;itoria %ipan. -he is a strong woman, a lovely wife and a careful mother, and is a very good detective. -he is skillful and hardworking. -he con9uers through her beauty and frames charm. -he is not youth more, because she is fourteen but she has a rare beauty in the glance. !ith all these is a superstitions person, believing in signs and dreams. -he is a representative figure by popular hero, involving all fundamental 9ualities of a simple men from village, characterized by culture for the truth and rightness, observing the traditional laws and customary. Civilization: 6.3. *+an you name any place in ,reat -ritain which is internationally known? 4hat is noted for?

I would tend to think that -tonehenge is surely $ritains greatest national icon symbolizing mystery, power and endurance. -tonehenge is without a doubt the most interesting monument in 5urope. -tonehenge is both traditional and uni9ue in $ritain colorful history. The ring of stones standing in the open vastness of -alisbury <lain is an evocative image of wonder and mystery. Its original purpose is unclear to us, but some have speculated that it was a temple made for the worship of ancient earth deities. It has been called an astronomical observatory for marking significant events on the prehistoric calendar. +thers claim that it was a sacred site for the burial of high-working citizens from the societies of long ago. !hile we cant say with any degree of certainly what it was for, we can say that it wasnt constructed for any casual purpose. +nly something very important to the ancients would have been worth the effort and investment that it took to construct -tonehenge. Civilization: 7.3. *0ifferent countries have reputation for being good at different sports. Think of some examples. In the world e ist much type of sports. -ome of these are more interesting than others for different people. It can be e plained by the size and variety of country. For e ample, "mericans have reputations for being good at baseball, rugby and basketball. The $ritish are great lovers of sports and they have reputations for being good at football, rugby and tennis. <rofessional football is a big business in &reat $ritain. !imbledon is the centre of lawn tennis. Furthermore 5nglish men pay much attention to swimming, rowing and walking. In generally, in &reat $ritain we cannot say about the reputations for being good at one type of sports because many kinds of sports have taken the origin in 5ngland. The "ustralians has a good reputation for being good swimmers, the (hinese are the best gymnastics and -panish has a good reputation at soccer. /ifferent countries have reputations for being goods at different sports because it is influenced by territorial and ethnic characteristics such as climate and topography of the country, the culture and traditions of the people who inhabit in it. In colder climates are better developed winter sports, and closer to the 59uator : summer sports. If the entire country is plain, it is not likely to be good at alpine skiing. -ome traditional sports in any country which are few popular in the world promote successes in other sports in certain countries. The success of $razilian football players did not achieve without capoeira. $ut curling didnt a final role in what (anadians do on the hockey site. Finally, I want say that The 'oldovan athletes are making significant progress at the global level, not at all typical sports such as, for e ample, the &reco-)oman wrestling. "nd 'oldovans has reputations for being good at weightlifting. This year 'oldova took three medals at 5uropean (hampionship. $ut the reputation of the countries is due primarily to climatic condition. In a country where winter

prevails, will practice winter sports and where the prevailing climate is warm, will be practiced summer sports. Civilization: 8.3. *0escribe things which are associated with the /cots. -cotland is a country that is a part of the ,nited =ingdom. To my knowledge it occupying the northern third of the island of &reat $ritain and it shares a border with 5ngland. I can assert that in the world e ists something which is often associated with the -cots. I am convinced that they are6 bagpipes, the %och 3ess 'onster, the -cotch 'ist, the .acobite -team Train and the -cotch whiskey. The bagpipe is a wind instrument consisting of three drones and a melody pipe which are fed continuously by a reservoir of air in a bag. The %och 3ess 'onster is a mythic monster that is believed to live in the %och 3ess %ake. The -cotch 'ist is the -cottish weather described as torrential rain. The .acobite -team Train is the train which was made famous when it appeared in the movies about *arry <otter. "nd, finally, the -cotch whiskey is malt whisky or grain whisky made in -cotland. Civilization: 9.3. *5resent interesting facts about the -ritish (oyal 6amily The $ritish )oyal Family is the group of close relatives of the monarch of the ,nited =ingdom of &reat $ritain and 3orthern Ireland. The term is also commonly applied to the same group of people who are , the relations of the monarch in her or his role as covering of any of the other (ommonwealth realms, thus sometimes at variance with official national terms for the family. The head of the )oyal Family is the >ueen 5lizabeth II. *er husband is <rince <hillip. The >ueen and her husband have a great, great grandmother in common6 >ueen ;ictoria. They two have a daughter and three sons. >ueen 5lizabeth II has a total of nine thrones and she was first monarch ever to educate her children in boarding schools. +ne of the famous members is <rincess /iana, the wife of <rince (harles, who after her death, married again with /uchess (amilla. First of two have two sons, *enry and !illiam, who married on 0? "pril 0@AA with /uchess of (ambridge, (atherine. Civilization: 10.3. *6amous people of the U/& are you impressed by? I am impressed by $en#amin Franklin. *e is an "merican political figure and role model. Franklin was a man of many talents as he was an author and printer, satirist, political theorist, politician, scientist, inventor, civic activist, statesman and diplomat. *e was one of ,nited -tates of "mericas founding fathers. Franklin also signed the /eclaration of Independence for which helped to put together and the ,nited -tates (onstitution. *e invented the glass harmonica, lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin stove, a carriage odometer, and the fle ible urinary catheter. *is inventions were not only meant to be useful for himself, but others as well. *e worked to make his voice heard and that is why we remember him today and his face is on the hundred-dollar bill.

Civilization: 11.3 *4hy do you think the %nglish language is taught in many countries of the world? 5nglish, which is often referred to as Bthe language of the planet is spoken by more than 21@ million people worldwide. This global phenomenon, if not spoken by millions as a mother tongue is spoken by many as a second language or taught in educational institutions as a foreign language. The diversity of its speakers has sparked considerable amount of interest, along with the types of 5nglish used in many countries. "longside an immense number of speakers of a single language come the various type of speaker6 those whos 5nglish is a mother tongue, those of whom whose 5nglish is a second language, and those for whom it is a foreign language. It is widely spoken on si continents. The primary language of the ,.-."., &reat $ritain, (anada, "ustralia, Ireland, 3ew Cealand, and various (aribbean and <acific island nations, it is also an official language in India, the <hilippines, and many sub--aharan "frican countries. It is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, the mother tongue of more than D1@ million people, and the most widely taught foreign language. 5nglish easily borrows words from other languages and has coined many new words to reflect advances in technology. +f course 5nglish is a global languageE you hear it on television spoken by politicians from all over the world, wherever toy travel, you see 5nglish signs and advertisements, whenever enter a hotel or restaurant in foreign city. Civilization: 12.3. *%very nation has its own customs and traditions. How can you explain why people keep up their traditions and practice them for centuries? 5very country and every nation has its own traditions and customs. Its very important to know traditions and customs of different people. It will help you to know more about the history and life of different nations and countries. +ne cannot speak about country without speaking about its traditions and customs. The combination of the words tradition and custom means a usual manner of doing something, a belief of principles, of conduct passing from generation to generation. "ll of them should be taken into notice, because they are in the key position for each country. "ll traditions and customs in the world are really diverse. There are some which are famous all over the world. In addition, the greater part of people prefers travelling during holidays. -ometimes between people of different nations during their communicating emerge various misunderstandings about their conduct. If you dont know some traditions of the country, it can lead to offencesE it can even sow seeds of discord between nations. -o before going somewhere abroad its better to learn at least the most important points of culture of the country. In conclusion, there are a lot of nations in the world and a great amount of different customs. -ome of them can be beyond ones mentality. $ut people should respect and claim their attention to all traditions, because they mean not only way of life, but also culture and history.

Civilization: 13.3. *Think of some people who have excelled in the world of music" art and cinema. 4rite about one of them. 'ichael .oseph .ackson was an "merican recording artists, entertainer, and businessman. +ften he referred to as the =ing of <op. .ackson is recognized as the most successful entertainer of all time by &uinness !orld )ecords. *is contribution to music, dance, and fashion, along with a much-publicized personal life, made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades. *e debuted on the professional music scene along with his brothers as a member of The .ackson 1, then the .ackson in A?FG, and began his solo career in A?2A. Civilization: 14.3. *4hat are the main values of %uropean Union? The %uropean Union is an economic and political union or confederation of 78 member states which are located in primarily %urope. The 5uropean ,nion has a set of basic values, general human values that are to be considered in its political and social activity6 human dignity, freedom, and e9uality, respect for human rights, even for homose ual, because they are humans, too. There is no place for discrimination and all the relations between its members and citizens of this ,nion are directed by the principle of #ustice, solidarity and tolerance. The 5uropean (ourt for *uman )ights is the ultimate #udicial organism of 5uropeE either it is not a part of the 5uropean ,nion, and deals with violation of human rights, in case if these complaints were not solved inside the country. 7%ibertH, HgalitH, fraternitH8 : under this slogan were held the revolution from AIGI all other the 5urope, when people were demanding for better work conditions, e9uitable treatment and freedom. /uring the ages, the values remained almost the same, with some e ceptions, that have appeared this century : e9ual rights for men and women, rights for all types of minorities and tolerance to criminals. I want to criticize the way 5uropean ,nion treats the conflicts6 they try to follow the low with any price and often more people have suffer from the procedure that from the conflicts itself. Civilization: 15.3. *4hat are the ma1or events of national and social importance which are traditionally celebrated in the U/&? ,-" has a lot of ma#or events of national and social importance. I choose to talk about the Independence /ay of ,.-.". which is celebrated on G .uly. Independence /ay is regarded as the birthday of the ,nited -tates as a free and independent nation. 'ost "mericans simply call it the JFourth of .uly,J on which date it always falls. The holiday recalls the signing of the /eclaration of Independence on .uly G, A22F. "t that time, the people of the AD $ritish colonies located along the eastern coast of what is now the ,nited -tates were involved in a war over what they considered un#ust treatment by the king and parliament in

$ritain. The war began in A221. "s the war continued, the colonists realized that they were fighting not #ust for better treatmentE they were fighting for freedom from 5nglandKs rule. The /eclaration of Independence, signed by leaders from the colonies, stated this clearly, and for the first time in an official document the colonies were referred to as the ,nited -tates of "merica. It is a day of picnics and patriotic parades, a night of concerts and fireworks. The flying of the "merican flag is widespread. +n .uly G, A?2F, the 0@@th anniversary of the /eclaration of Independence was marked by grand festivals across the nation. Civilization: 16.3. *4hat changes in present day schools would you propose to make them more effective for educating pupils? " pupil obtains the best results when he has enough motives and stimulants to perform well. ,nfortunately, the nowadays educational system disregards pupils interests and doesnt even bother to find out which are they and how to use them for achieving proposed goals. !hats the difference between a mentor and a lecturerL The mentor pays attention to every detail and sets a goal to educate his pupil, to make him a real, valuable personality. 'entors work hardly with a bunch of best pupils, that will achieve tremendous results in the future, because their high skills and good understanding of the discipline. To my great regret, such people are more rare and they remain in the past, both with their generation. I respect teachers and lecturers, but they do only their routine work, they e plain a concrete discipline and dont pay that much attention to the personality of the child. I was always of the opinion that big posts shall be under the control of big personalities and want to criticize the unfair attitude towards the pupils, that e press the institutes of education : pupils with bad marks have the possibility to get another mark and to pass the ne t form, while pupils with good results always have to do more than their colleagues. I tend follow my elitist ideology, once the people cant show sufficient results, he has nothing to do here, he must leave and give the place to another, who will do better. Furthermore, I hate our secondary education system, because it doesnt offer the specialist of the needed 9uality. For e ample, there are accepted A@@ students for the first year, and at the ends of the last year of studies the same A@@ students get their diplomas. Instead of learning some craft of profession, young people rise the amount of owned diplomas, certificates and other documents. I hate so-called 7specialists8, that even dont know the sphere they have to deal with. The secondary education should be addressed to the people with high level of intellect and good skills, not to the mediocre personalities. " good system should separate the valuable persons from the common ones and it should pay attention to the 9uality of the human potential. Civilization: 17.3. *4hat are the benefits of globali9ation for the average person?

&lobalization has rapidly improved the social and economic. 3o doubt its very convoluted topic and of course some Baverage people may benefit from the whole globalization and at the same time there are a few disadvantages. " big advantage for the average persons is the advances in medicine, improved public health policies, and greater food supplies that have lowered mortality and lengthened life e pectancy. Increased wealth is, of course, the key to a provided old age. "nother benefit is the reduction of cultural barriers. +ne of advantages of globalization is the greater interdependence of nation-states. &lobalization offers hope for everyone, either it is a young person or an average person. &lobalization provides the increasing of productivity and life standard of societies. +ne of the big disadvantages for the people that have the average age is that some cultures are getting lost. &lobalization is a slow process, but it is working. It is allowing for more techni9ues and methods to be shared around the world. Civilization: 18.3. * any -ritish museums and galleries are real treasure houses of uni!ue works of art which are the best known collection do they contain? The $ritish 'useum is widely considered to be one of the worlds greatest museums of human history and culture. Its permanent collection, numbering some light million works, is amongst the finest, most comprehensive, and documenting the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present. "lthough principally a museum of cultural art ob#ects and anti9uities today, the $ritish 'useum was founded as a 7universal museum8. Its foundations lie in the will of the physician and naturalist -ir *ans -lone. /uring the course of his lifetime -lone gathered an enviable collection of curiosities and, not wishing to see his collection broken up after death. The 'useum became a construction site as -ir )obert -mirks grand neoclassical building gradually arose. Today it no longer houses collections of natural history, and the books, and manuscripts it once held now from part of the independent $ritish %ibrary. The 'useum nevertheless preserves its universality in its collections of archeology, but a living collection and a century of e cellence for education research and discovery. +ne of the $ritish &alleries is the ; M ". It is the only national museum to have been founded for educational purposes and the new $ritish &alleries will be continuing this tradition. !hile there has always been a strong education program, the &alleries will be the first ma#or space within the ; M " to have been designed with the warning needs of a wide variety of audiences in mind. Civilization: 19.3. *4hat components does the culture consist of? (ulture varies from one another and it is composed of nonmaterial culture and material culture. 3onmaterial culture include abstract creations like values, norms, symbols, beliefs and customs, but material culture is represented by ob#ects like

computers, coins and more another. -o I can say that culture consists of a number of elements like as symbols, values, norms and language. Through having a language a group of people interact with one another, socially sharing their thoughts, feeling or ideas to the people with same language. In my opinion language is most distinctive and comple achievement as human beings. -ymbols are considered as the backbone of symbolic interactions. To my knowledge it is represented by6 spoken and written words, gestures, flags, badges, clothing, paintings, and medallions. 3orms are social rules that specify the behavior that is and is not appropriate in certain situations. There is no doubt that norms include folkways and mores. Folkways are the customary and habitual ways by which the members of a group do things. $ut mores are the moral customs of a particular group. " societys mores are an important source of laws. I know that laws are rules which are enforced by a political body composed by people who en#oy the right to use force. ;alues are abstract ideas of what is desirable, correct and good that most members of society share. ;alues relate to the norms of a culture, but they are more global and abstract than norms. ;alues are anything members of a culture aspire to or hold in high esteem. -o, it is culture and any its elements. If we are staying and thinking more about the elements of culture we can find little more. Civilization: 20.3. *:ame some environmental problems and give some solutions to them. Today the Earth environ!ent i in a di""i#$lt it$ation. Every o" $ de%end o" environ!ent &$t every o" $ %er!anently %oll$te the environ!ent. The &i''e t %ro&le! i air %oll$tion (hi#h i need "or every&ody. Every day) the avera'e %er on inhale a&o$t 20.000 liter o" air. *ir %oll$tion #an have erio$ #on e+$en#e "or the health o" h$!an &ein' ) and al o everely a""e#t nat$ral e#o y te! . ,eo%le !ay try to re tri#t %o%$lation 'ro(th) $ e le ener'y) i!%rove ener'y e""i#ien#y) red$#e (a te) and !ove to non-%oll$tin' rene(a&le "or! o" ener'y %rod$#tion. .n addition to air %oll$tion are !any %ro&le! : (ater %oll$tion) !o') ozone de%letion) hazardo$ (a te and 'lo&al (ar!in') ea#h one i a &i' %ro&le!) &$t "or ea#h there are (ay to re!ove. Civilization: 21.3. * illions of people wish there were more peace and harmony in the world. How can they be achieved? !orld peace is an ideal of freedom, peace, and happiness among and within all nations and peoples. !orld peace is a ,topian idea of planetary nonviolence by which nations willingly cooperate, either voluntarily or by virtue of a system of governance that prevents warfare. "lthough the term is sometimes used to refer to a cessation of all hostility among all individuals, world peace more commonly

refers to a permanent end to a global and regional wars future conflicts resolved through nonviolent means. In my opinion, people should be more kind, patient and sociable. <eople should learn to communicate with other and avoid conflict. <eace is not #ust for hippie. %iving in peace is about living in harmoniously with yourself, others, and all sentiment beings around you. <eople can achieved harmony if they will try to speak to love, not to control others, to mode they will reflect before some events. "lso is important to seek forgiveness, not revenge, to find inner place, to live in #oy, to be the change you wish saw in the world. -taring with you, trying to make peace with yourself and harmony will full you heart and soul. Thoughts are powerful, after all, everything ever created started with a thought. 4ou are creating your tomorrow with the thoughts you have today. Taking control of your thoughts will give you a sense of stability, and with that stability brings peace and harmony. +ivili9ation) 77.;. *4rite what democracy means to you. /emocracy is an egalitarian form of government in which all the citizens of nation together determine public policy, the laws and the actions of their state, re9uiring that all citizens have an e9ual opportunity to e press their opinion. /emocracy is people of all races, colors, and creeds united by a single dream. It is about people living and working together with respect and e9ual rights and elected leaders who value and practice the same. It means having a voice and using it. It gives us the privilege of listening and learning from one another, without fear. &overnment obeying our (onstitution and staying out of individual citizens personal lives. This means allowing citizens to make their own decisions for their own decisions for their own personal lives, making mistakes and all. It means not having politicians in office who believe citizens freedom of speech should have any limits. It means that government does not have any authority to take any individual right away or change it in any way. To me democracy means were in this together and we share responsibility for all our acts. /emocracy means government by people. +ivili9ation) 7;.;. *The national symbols of oldova

The best well-known symbols of )epublic of 'oldova are the motto and the state flag. $ut also there is a lot of another important symbol like churches, monasteries, the old monument, and the symbols that represent the history of the state. The flag of 'oldova is a vertical tricolor of blue, yellow and red, charged with the coat of arms on the center bar. %ike the )omanian coat of arms, the 'oldovan arms, adopted in A??@, features a golden eagle holding an +rthodo (hristian cross in its beak. Instead of a sword, the eagle is holding an olive branch, symbolizing peace. The blue and red shield on the eagles chest is charged with the traditional symbols of 'oldova6 an aurochs head, flanked by a rose at /e ter and a crescent

at senester, and having a star between its horns, all of gold. These two national flags are also very similar to the flag of (had and "ndorra, which are based on vertical stripes of blue, yellow and red. ,ntil 0@A@, the color shades of the 'oldavian flag were not e plicitly named. The regulation the flag stated that the colors of the flag must match the ones shown in the anne . The flag of the national "rms of the )epublic 'oldova represents a uni9ue symbol. It is the symbol of the military glory, of the tradition and continuity, honor and loyalty of soldiers and officers to the country. +ivili9ation) 7<.;. *4rite about the national symbols of the U/& The ,nited -tates of "merica is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. It has formed after the <rotestant )eformation, when many <rotestants emigrated in the new land looking for freedom of speech and religion. The new country that resulted, the ,-", was formed primarily on these values. Therefore, its national symbols also stand first of all for the freedom "mericans claim to have. *ere are some of them6 "merican flag, national bird, the -tatue of %iberty. The "merican flag, consists of thirteen e9ual horizontal stripes of red Ntop and bottomO alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton Nreferred to specifically as the 7union8O bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of si stars Ntop and bottomO alternating with rows of five stars. The 1@ stars on the flag represent the 1@ states of the ,nited -tates of "merica and the AD stripes represent the thirteen $ritish colonies that declared independence from the ,nited =ingdom of &reat $ritain and became the first states in the ,nion. The official national colors of the ,-" are seen on the "merican flag : red, white and blue. )ed is a symbol of valor and bravery. !hite symbolizes purity and innocence. $lue dignifies vigilance, perseverance, and #ustice. The national bird of the ,- is the "merican bald eagle, who was chosen because of its ma#estic beauty, great strength, long life, and because its native to 3orth "merica. The -tatue of %iberty is a gift from France to the ,nited -tates of "merica to commemorate the A@@-year anniversary of the birth of liberty in the ,-, and the end of slavery after (ivil !ar. -he has since become a universal symbol of freedom, embraced by advocates of self-government the world over. +ivili9ation) 7=.;. *How do changes in society influence peoples culture? If the society evolves, it means that there are sufficient resources for the culture progress. The art, the literature and the science move forward, achieve new results and get a higher rank in the economy of the country. <eople make use of all these values and as a result, the society flourishes. !e know a lot of e amples of positive influence of the society on the culture, ranging from "ncient 5gypt and &reece. The society itself makes the cultureE the

structure and the 9uality of the culture depend on the members of society, about their activity and contribution. "ll these factors come from the high income, because the human first of all will satisfy the physiologic demands, and only after that will search ways to e press own point of view. "fter the !!II, the situation in 5urope was awful, all the buildings were ruined, destroyed, transformed into dust. In short term, there began a total reconstruction, everything was raised from the beginningE there have appeared new educational institutions, theaters, cinema halls, different cultural ob#ect, as the youth clubs and thematic clubs. The war has a lot of negative in it, but is good for pushing the progress forward. /uring war people find values they have never neither observed, nor used and work to escape from the pressure of the war. The inventions made during wartime are used for civil aims, and generate a lot of money. The same Teflon T' coating on frying pans is a result of war e periments. +r the synthetic fiber, it has appeared to change the lacking cotton fiber and late rubber, as the demand for military use was constantly rising in early A?D@. The main factors that influence the progress of the culture are6 economical prosperityE new technologies, that change our livesE crises that demand for higher efficiency and even war, that makes people work at their ma imum potential. +ivili9ation) 7>.;. *There are many impressive and valuable historical places in your country. 'oldova is a true hidden gem in 5urope and the top A@ eastern 5uropean destinations to visit. 'oldova is renowned for its vineyards, beautiful natural scenery and old -oviet-style architecture. 'oldova is a pictures9ue country with a calm and friendly atmosphere where traditional way of life still prevails. If youre looking for a uni9ue destination in 5urope that offers unspoiled treasures and a chance to connect with nature, look no further than 'oldova. (hisinau is the largest city in 'oldova and being the capital city, (hisinau is a great starting point for a first-time vacation in 'oldova. -ome of my favorite places to visit in (hisinau include the 3ational +pera *ouse, the 3ativity (athedral of (hisinau, <resident <alace, (athedral <ark and 7&radina publica -tefan cel 'are8 which is a stunning city park. If youre looking to learn more about the countrys history, the <ushkin *ouse 'useum and the 3ational *istory 'useum are two great places in 'oldova to do this. The *istory 'useum has many great e hibitions and an e tensive collection of interesting memorabilia items such as old photos and rare books, while at the <ushkin 'useum you can take a guided tour of the house and learn more about "leksandr <ushkin. -aharna is also on my list of interesting places to visit in 'oldova because of the -aharna 'onastery and the stunning natural scenery surrounding this village. The village of -aharna is located around F@ minutes drive north of (hisinau and its an e cellent place to en#oy a rela ing day trip from the capital. If youre a nature lover or are looking for a place to escape the crowds, dont miss a visit to -aharna to check out the famous monastery and the beautiful waterfalls.

"s mentioned earlier, 'oldova is home to many wineries and en#oying wine tasting at one or two vineyards is a popular thing to do in 'oldova. If youre basing your holiday in (hisinau, two of the nearest places to en#oy a fun winery tour are (ricova and 'ilestii 'ici, where youKll find two of the most popular wineries in 'oldova. (ricova is located 0@ minutes drive north of (hisinau, while 'ilestii 'ici is located D@ minutes south of (hisinau NItKs also the largest wine producing ion the worldO. -o, 'oldova is a beautiful country and has many interesting places which we need to see. +ivili9ation) 78.;. *4rite about national symbols of the U? The most important symbols of the ,= are6 the flag, national personification, the )oyal (oat of "rms, motto and anthem. The ,nion Flag is the flag of the ,nited =ingdom. "lso this is known as the ,nion .ack. It was first created in AF@F by the superimposition of the Flag of 5ngland on the Flag of -cotland and updated in AI@A with the addition of -aint <atricks Flag. $ritannia is a national personification of the ,= and it is an ancient term for &reat $ritain. $ritannia is symbolized as a young woman with brown or golden hair wearing a (orinthian helmet and white robes. The )oyal coat of arms of the ,nited =ingdom is the official coat of arms of the $ritish monarch, currently >ueen 5lizabeth II. These arms are used by the >ueen in her official capacity as monarch of the ,nited =ingdom, and are officially known as her "rms of /ominion. The motto which represented ,= is6 7&od and my right8. The national anthem of the ,= is 7&od -ave the =ing8, with 7=ing8 replaced with 7>ueen8 in the lyrics whenever the monarch is female. +ivili9ation) 7@.;. *How do students in the U/& and in the U? spend their free time? I have lived in the ,-" for one academic year and right now my sister is studying in the ,=, so I know either by personal e perience or by my sister telling me what do students over their do in their free time. In the ,-", students leave the school with very little homework to do. *ence they have a plenty of time to spend doing other things other than school. 'ost of them are involved very actively in sports. "lso, there are numerous clubs they attend, youth groups, football games and volunteering activities. 'any of them work, if they have reached the age of AF. In the ,=, my sister has told me, many students use spend their free time hanging out with friends in local pubs or clubs, go shopping or travel around. -he says many en#oy getting drunk at parties. "t the same time, there are also many student unions and volunteering clubs that students are involved in, because in ,= any volunteering activity is highly credited within ones (;.

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