PROJECT : Causes , Prevention And Repair Of Crack In Building

Project Member
JHANGIR KHAN MUHAMMAD RAHIM SALMAN LATIF MUJAHID NAZEEF

Supervisor :
Engr: Qaiser Jamal

Scheme of presentation

Introduction Purpose Classification of crack Causes of crack Prevention of crack Repair of crack Conclusion

INTRODUCTION :
CRACK:
A crack is a complete or incomplete separation of concrete into two or more parts, produced by breaking or fracturing.

Purpose :
The main purpose of this project is to increase life period of building , to improve aesthetic and architecture appearance of building.

CLASSIFICATION OF CRACKS:
A. Structural Cracks:
1. Due to incorrect design 2. Faulty construction 3. Overloading B. Non-Structural Cracks: 1. Moisture changes 2. Thermal movement
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3. Elastic deformation 4. Creep 5. Chemical reaction 6. .Foundation movement and settlement of soil 7. Vegetation

CAUSES OF CRACK:
1. Chemical reaction in construction material. 2. Temperature and shrinkage effects. 3. Settlement of ground. 4. Faulty workman ship and poor construction practice . 5. Environmental stresses. 6. Bad quality material.

Prevention of Crack:
1. Drainage arrangement should be made around the building to minimize water entry in the foundation. 2. Avoid construction of wall on filled up soil.

3. Avoid trees grows too close to building and compound wall. 4. Good selection of material. 5. Specification for mortar and concrete. 6. Good construction practices. 7. Due consideration to Weather effect.

Repair of crack:
The repair for cracks may be undertaken after ascertaining the reasons for the appearance of the crack. A few basic principles if followed will be more effective 1. Rendering of minor crack less that 1m wide may be done after observing the crack for some time and then sealing it with weak mortar of cement, lime and sand. 2. Cracks where width change with season should be filled up with elastic fillers like silicon etc. 3. Where sheer crack are observed shear keys made of RCC concrete with at least 1.5 percent steel vein forcemeat may be provided at 1 to 1.5m intervals. 4. If cracks are due to movement of soil in black cotton once, prevention of moisture penetration in the surrounding areas has to be ensured by providing a waterproof blanket around
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the plinth. The masonry wall below ground level should also be separated from the adjoining soil by replacing the existing soil with coarse grain material .

Conclusion :
1.The individual cracks in members are unique by themselves. 2.They are versatile diagnostic devices, clearly indicating the specific problem in concerned members. In addition they also indicate the degree of seriousness of the problem. 3. The crack throw light on the discipline in the associated structural designs and quality . 4. The corrective measures to be implemented are clearly indicated by these cracks.

THANKS