Malvino Problems CHAPTER 1|Introduction 1. A circuit has a Norton current of 10mA and a Norton resistance of 10k.

What is the Thevenin circuit? A current source has an internal resistance of 100k. What is the largest load resistance if the current source must appear stiff? Suppose a current source has an ideal current of 10 mA and an internal resistance of 20 M. For what values of load resistance will the current source appear stiff? The internal resistance of a voltage source equals 0.05 ohms. How much voltage is dropped across this internal resistance when the current through it equals 2A? A flashlight battery has an internal reistance of 1. For what values of load resistance does the flashlight battery appear stiff?

1.

A diode is in series with 220 . If the voltage across the resistor is 4V, what is the current through the diode? Two diodes are in series. The first diode has a voltage of 0.75 V and the second has a voltage of 0.8 V. If the current through first diode is 500 mA, what is the current through the second diode?

2.

2.

3.

CHAPTER 4|Diode Circuits 1. A half-wave signal with a peak of 20 V is the input to a choke-input filter. If XL = 5k and XC = 25 , what is the approximate peak to peak ripple across the capacitor? A center-tapped transformer has a turns ratio of 6:1. What is the rms voltage across the ipper half of the secondary winding? The peak voltage? What is the rms voltage across the lower half of the secondary winding? If a transformer has a turns ratio of 15:1, what is the rms secondary voltage? The peak secondary voltage? Assume a primary voltage of 120 Vrms.

4.

2.

5.

3. 6. Suppose a voltage source has an ideal voltage of 12 V and an internal resistance of 0.5or what values of load resistance will the voltage source appear stiff?

CHAPTER 5|Special purpose diodes 1. An unloaded zener regulator has a source voltage of 20V, a series resistance of 330 , and a zener voltage of 12 V. What is the zener current? If the series resistor in (1) has a tolerance of 10 percent, what is the maximum zener current? A zener diode has a voltage of 10 V and a current of 20 mA. What is the power dissipation? A zener regulator has an input voltage that may vary from 22 to 30 V. If the regulated output voltage is 12V and the load resistance varies from 140 to 10 k, what is the maximum allowable series resistance?

CHAPTER 2|Semiconductors 1. What is the net charge of a copper atom if it gains three electrons? A silicon diode has a saturation current of 10 nA at 25 C. If it operates over a temperature range of 0 to 75 C, what are the minimum and maximum values of saturation current? A silicon diode has a reverse current of 5A at 25 C and 100 A at 100C. What are the values of the saturation current and the surface leakage current at 25C? A silicon diode has a saturation current of 5 nA at 25 C. What is the saturation current at 100C? If the surface leakage current is 2nA for a reverse voltage of 25 V, what is the surface leakage current for a reverse voltage of 35? Assuming a barrier potential of 0.7 V at an ambient temperature of 25C, what is the barrier potential of a silicon diode when the junction temperature is 100C? at 0C?

2.

2.

3.

4. 3.

4.

CHAPTER 6|BJTs 1. A 2N5067 is a power transistor with a base bulk resistance rb of 10. How much IBrb drop is there when IB = 1 mA? When IB = 10 mA? When IB = 50 mA? What is the current gain of a transistor with a dc alpha of 0.994? A transistor has a power rating of 1 W. If the collector-emitter voltage is 10V and the collector current is 120 mA, what happens to the transistor?

5.

6.

2.

3. CHAPTER 3|Diode Theory

4.

If a transistor has a collector current of 100 mA and a collector emitter voltage of 3.5 V, what is its power dissipation? A transistor has a current gain of 125 and a base current of 30A. What is the collector current? A transistor has an emitter current of 10 mA and a collector current of 9.95 mA. What is the base current?

1.

You have two data sheets for amplifiers. The first shows a cutoff frequency of 1 MHz. The second gives a risetime of 1 s. Which amplifier has the greater bandwidth? What is the bandwidth of an amplifier if the risetime is 0.25s? Convert the following powers to dBm: 25 mW, 93.5 mW, 4.87 W. If the output power of a preamplifier is 16 dBm, how much power is this in milliwatts? The data sheet of an LM380, an audio power amplifier, gives a decibel voltage gain of 34 dB. Convert this to ordinary voltage gain. A dc amplifier has a midband voltage gain of 100. If the upper cutoff frequency is 10 kHz, what is the voltage gain for each of these input frequencies: 100 kHz, 200 kHz, 500 kHz, and 1 MHz? An amplifier has a midband voltage gain of 1000. If cutoff frequencies are f1 = 100 Hz, and f2 = 100 kHz, what does the frequency response look like? What is the voltage gain if the input frequency is 20 Hz? If it is 300 kHz?

5.

2.

6.

3.

4. CHAPTER 9|AC Models 1. If an ac base current of 50A produces an ac collector current of 7.5mA, what is the ac beta? If the ac collector current is 4 mA and the ac beta is 300, what is the ac base current? 5.

2.

6.

CHAPTER 11|POWER AMPLIFIERS 1. An amplifier has an input power of 4 mW and output power of 2 W. What is the power gain? 7.

CHAPTER 13|JFETs 1. A 2N4416 has IDSS = 10 mA and gm0 = 4000 S. What is its gate-source cut off voltage? What is the value of gm0 for VGS = -2V? A 2N5670 has IDSS = 12 mA and VGS(OFF) = -3 V. What are the gate voltage and drain current at the half cutoff point? A 2N5457 has IDSS = 1 to 5 mA and VGS(OFF) = -0.5 to -6 V. What are the minimum and maximum values of RDS? A JFET has IDSS = 16 mA and Vp = 3 V. What is the maximum drain current? The gate-source cutoff voltage? The value of RDS? A 2N5458 has a gate current of 1 nA when the reverse voltage is -20V. What is the input resistance of the gate? A JFET shunt switch has RD = 10 k, IDSS = 10 mA, and VGS(OFF) = -2 V. If vin = 10 mV pp, what are the output voltages? What is the on-off ratio?

CHAPTER 17|Differential Amplifiers 1. A 741 is an op amp with A = 200,000 and CMRRdB = 90 dB. What is the common-mode voltage gain? If the desired and common-mode signal each has a value of 1 V, what is the output voltage?

2.

3.

CHAPTER 18|Operational Amplifiers 1. What is the CMRR of a 741C at 100 kHz? The MPP value when the load resistance is 500 ? The open loop voltage gain at 1 kHz? What is the initial slope of a sine wave with a frequency of 15 kHz and a peak value of 2 V? What happens to the initial slope if the frequency increases to 30 kHz? An LM675 has a slew rate of 8V/s. What is the power bandwidth for a peak output voltage of 5V? What is the open loop voltage gain of an LF157A when the input frequency is 1 kHz? 10 kHz? 100 kHz? (Assume a first order response, that is, 20 dB per decade rolloff.)

4.

5.

2.

6.

3.

4. CHAPTER 14|MOSFETs 1. An E-MOSFET has these values: ID(active) = 1 mA and VDS(active) = 10 V. What does its drain resistance equal in the active region?

CHAPTER 19|Negative Feedback CHAPTER 16|Frequency Effects

1.

A VCVS amplifier uses an LM741C with funity = 1 MHz and SR = 0.5 V/s. If ACL = 5, what is the closed loop bandwidth? The largest undistorted peak output voltage at f2(CL)? An ICVS amplifier uses an OP-42E with AOL = 500,000 and f2(OL) = 20 Hz. What is the closed loop bandwidth? A VCVS amplifier uses an LM324 with (1 + AOLB) = 2000 and f2(OL) = 2 Hz. What is the closed loop bandwidth?

6.

An astable 555 timer has R1= 10 k, R2 = 2k, and C = 0.0047 F. What is the frequency?

2.

CHAPTER 24|Regulated Power Supplies 1. In a buck regulator LT1074, R1 = 2.21 k and R2 = 2.8 k. What is the output voltage? In the buck boost regulator MAX631, R 1 = 1k and R2 = 5.79 k, what is the output voltage? The LM7805 can regulate specifications with an input voltage between 7.5 and 20 V. What is the maximum efficiency? What is the minimum efficiency? If a power supply has an output resistance of 1.5 and the minimum load resistance is 10 , it has a load regulation of ________. Suppose that a power supply has these measured values: VLL = 9.2 V for line voltage 105 Vrms VHL = 11.2 V for line voltage 125 Vrms What is the line regulation?

3.

2.

3. CHAPTER 21|Active Filters 1. A bandpass filter has lower and upper cutoff frequencies of 445 and 7800 Hz, respectively. What are the bandwidth, center frequency, and Q? Is this a wideband or narrowband filter? Identify the following filters as narrowband or wideband: a) f1 = 2.3 KHz, f2 = 4.5 kHz; b) f1 = 47 kHz and f2 = 75 kHz; c) f1 = 2 Hz and f2 = 5 Hz; d) f1 = 80 Hz and f2 = 160 Hz If a Butterworth filter contains 10 capacitors, what is its roll-off rate? A bandpass filter has a center frequency of 50 kHz and a Q of 20. What are the cutoff frequencies? You are testing a butterworth filter with the following specifications: n = 10, Ap = 3 dB, and fC = 2 kHz. What is the attenuation at each of the following frequencies? 4, 8 and 20 kHz? A Chebyshev Sallen-Key unity-gain low-pass filter has a cutoff frequency of 7.5 kHz. The ripple depth is 12 dB. If n = 2 and R = 25 k, what do C1 and C2 equal?

4.

2.

5.

3.

4.

5.

6.

CHAPTER 23|Oscillators 1. 2. Draw the block diagram of a PLL. A crystal has these values: L = 3 H, CS = 0.05 pF, R = 2k, and Cm = 10 pF. What are the series and parallel resonant frequencies of the crystal? An Armstrong oscillator has M = 0.1 H and L = 2H. What is the feedback fraction? What is the minimum voltage gain needed to start the oscillations? A crystal has a thickness of t. If you reduce t by 1 percent, what happens to the frequency? A 555 timer is connected for monostable operation. IF R = 10 k anc C = 0.022 F, what is the width of the output pulse?

3.

4.

5.