Project Starfish

www.kemenczy.at

Project Starfish
General Goals, Principles and Ideas

Raffael Kmnczy contact kemenczy.at www.kemenczy.at !ienna, "cto#er $%1% &a#le of 'ontents Pa(e 1) $) +) -) *) *.1) *.$) *.+) *.-) *.*) *.,) *.0) ,) ,.1) ,.$) Goals and Realisation Principles Sharin( capa#ilities Pri.acy and tr/st Software Social2Professional 3etworkin( 4pplication Games Grass5roots decision5makin( "ther applications and s/pport systems 67istin( networkin( applications Standards and Protocols Spectr/m and colla#orati.e comm/nications 8ardware '/rrently e7istin( hardware 3ewly desi(ned hardware $ * , 0 1 1 1% 1% 1% 11 11 11 1+ 1+ 1+ 1, 1, 10 $1 $+

,.$.1) Independent de.ice 9 :;S< don(le: ,.$.$) Independent de.ice 5 :S/pernode: 0) 1) >) =esi(n and marketin( 'ommercialisation Project f/ndin( options

Project Starfish 1) Goals and Realisation

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6na#le the creation of a world5wide /ser5controlled network of #oth wired and wireless nodes #ased on a distri#/ted architect/re. 1.) Access and sharing Enable all humans free, secure, equal and anonymous access to a world-wide network which integrates the means to share information, data and processing power as desired by the individual. S/ch access facilitates freedom of speech as well as (rass5roots initiati.es and pro.ides protection a(ainst a/thoritarian infl/ences s/ch as cens/re. 4dditionally, this allows for the optimisation and prod/cti.e /sa(e of s/ch reso/rces. 2.) Social networks and local resilience Provide a framework within the virtual environment which generates ad-hoc connections and facilitates real-world social interactions. &his framework ser.es to e7pand a person:s social network and to increase local resilience thro/(h the redisco.ery and impro.ement of comm/nication with nei(h#o/rs. 3.) Network capacity and efficiency Allow for the creation of a network with scope, capacity, features and efficiency surpassing current state of the art. &his drastically red/ces infrastr/ct/re reso/rce re?/irements and re5positions c/rrent infrastr/ct/re from a critical re?/irement to a fall5#ack option or e.en o#solescence. .) !wnership and contingency Spread ownership of the physical network infrastructure and content to the individual

Project Starfish users.

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Indi.id/al /ser5#ased ownership increases the indi.id/al:s sense of responsi#ility for the proper f/nctionin( of the network and allows for a contin(ency plan if traditional infrastr/ct/re fails or net ne/trality is threatened. Realisation Software =e.elop software which ena#les the (oals to #e achie.ed on s/ita#le hardware. =/e to physical limitations, only parts of (oal 1) and (oal $) can #e implemented thro/(h software. In.ol.es work on "pen System Interconnection @odel layers +50. "ardware =e.elop and prod/ce hardware de.ices which ena#les the achie.ement of all (oals. In.ol.es work on "pen System Interconnection @odel layers 1 and $. Scenario Alpha Software de.elopment for e7istin( and s/ita#le hardware #ased on e7istin( application platforms. 4nticipati.e software de.elopment to s/it the re?/irements and capacities of /pcomin( hardware. Scenario #eta Scenario 4lpha, incl/din( firmware de.elopment and modification, #ypassin( artificial restrictions to hardware access. Scenario Ga$$a 8ardware de.elopment, desi(nin( and prod/cin( new hardware /sin( e7istin( chip5

Project Starfish

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sets and technolo(ies. In parallel, anticipati.e hardware de.elopment with more efficient and fle7i#le wireless networkin( technolo(ies. Scenario %elta Scenario Gamma, incl/din( the in5ho/se de.elopment of new technolo(ies and chips for more efficient and fle7i#le wireless networkin(.

Project Starfish 2) Principles

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&onnected ' 3odes connect to each other thro/(h any type of connection interface. (o)ile ' 3odes are a#le to mo.e freely. Ad'"oc ' 3odes connect to each other instantaneo/sly. Accessi)le ' 6asy5to /se and .is/ally pleasin( front5ends. (esh ' 3odes connect to as many nodes in ran(e as re?/ired and can access other nodes thro/(h them. (*ltipath ' =ata transfer can occ/r o.er as many ro/tes as re?/ired. Anony$o*s ' 3odes do not need release any other information than re?/ired for the operation of the network. =ata can #e sent anonymo/sly. Sec*re ' 6ncryption and si(nin( methods allow for sec/re connections #etween nodes. !pen ' "pen standards, dri.ers and hardware desi(n ens/re implementation, compliance and rapid de.elopment of new feat/res, pl/(5ins and applications. +r*sted ' 4 sec/re mechanism has to #e p/t in place which ena#les enhanced le.els of m/t/al tr/st #etween nodes. Social ' &he real5time data e7chan(e as an a/thentic social e7perience directly related and to yo/r :real: en.ironment. <reakin( the #arrier #etween air end ether, h/man and hardware. Scala)le ' &he network architect/re allows for all de.ices to #e connected to the same network. ,-*al ' =/e to the nat/re of the network, all participants act as clients and ser.ers at the same time. ,fficient ' Aoad of any shared capa#ilities is #ein( #alanced amon( the nodes. ,$powering ' &he network #oosts indi.id/al node:s connecti.ity ran(e and #andwidth and allows access to /ntapped reso/rces re?/ested #y the node as mentioned #elow. .n/iting ' 3ew /sers can easily #e inte(rated and act as new nodes within the mesh network.

Project Starfish 3) Sharing capa)ilities

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4mon( all nodes, se.eral capa#ilities can #e shared. If there is a connection to an entity with additional connecti.ity feat/res Be.(. an ISP /plink), then this connecti.ity is shared accordin( to the owner:s settin(s. Generally, the :#/rsty: nat/re Bhi(h thro/(hp/t, low acti.ity) of network re?/ests sho/ld ena#le the nodes to coordinate in s/ch a way that each can access the re?/ired information .ery ?/ickly, as most nodes will #e idle most of the time. 4.aila#le ser.ices are a/tomatically anno/nced #y nodes to the s/rro/ndin( network. =ependin( on the indi.id/al node:s settin(s, the followin( can #e sharedC 1.) =ata in a fashion similar to a P$P torrent network with hi(h scala#ility and load optimisation $.) Sensor information Bran(in( from GPS information to heat sensors) +.) Processin( power -.) <oth short BR4@) and lon(5term Bhard5disk) memory Be.(. in order to pro.ide distri#/ted #ack5/p ser.ices httpC22www.mit.ed/2Demin2so/rceEcode2di#s2inde7.html) *.) Information a#o/t ener(y re?/irements and /sa(e ,.) "/tp/t de.ices Be.(. printers, displays) 0.) 'onnecti.ity B6thernet, ;S<, GS@ /plink, #l/etooth, FA43, FiGi, fire5wire...) 1.) 8/man Interface =e.ices Bkey#oards, mo/ses etc.)

Project Starfish ) Pri/acy and +r*st0

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;sers can choose #etween different modes of operationC 1.) 4nonymo/s2;nknown $.) 4cco/nt with nickname and network5internal ratin( system, no personal information +.) Personal identification =efa/lt settin(s wo/ld need to allow for the flawless operation of the network. 8owe.er, the local c/lt/ral settin(, politeness and neti?/ette sho/ld #e considered. Identification co/ld optionally #e pro.ided thro/(h e7istin( systems and mechanisms Be.(. openI=2PGP2RS4) m/ltiple I=s per /ser with different pri.acy and tr/st settin(s sho/ld #e allowed. Possi#le ratin( mechanismsC Referral system #ased on ratin( Be.(. www.amazon.com) Referral ratin(s #ased on social pro7imity Be.(. www.piratedate.com 2 &ros Interacti.e) Referral system #ased on reco(nition Be.(. www.sa.a(e$.com) It is impossi#le to create a network which is #oth completely open and sec/re. 3o network can #e sec/re when /na/thorized persons ha.e access to the act/al hardware. 4 disclaimer mi(ht help to fend off some le(al disp/tes /pfront. "ptional pri.acy5enhancin( feat/resC Implement a memory5system which (rad/ally for(ets a#o/t /nimportant or sensiti.e information BhttpC22.anish.cs.washin(ton.ed/2inde7.html). 4dopt a system for anonymo/s file sharin( BhttpC22m/te5net.so/rcefor(e.net2). ;se an onion ro/tin( system BhttpC22www.torproject.or(2).

Project Starfish 1) Software

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=esi(n applications to #reak thro/(h the .irt/al #arrier into reality. 6mploy psycholo(ical hooks as a marketin( method to (ain market penetration thro/(h the widespread /sa(e of mesh network5specific applications and (ames. Impro.e information ?/ality thro/(hC 4((re(atin( 9 the H#i( pict/reI is presented #y s/mmin( /p indi.id/al data items. S/mmarizin( 9 an a#stract of a technical report is one form of s/mmarizin(. Gilterin( 9 less rele.ant information can #e remo.ed, for e7ample only news items that contain the companyIs name or competitorsI names are sent thro/(h to /sers. 4lertin( 9 messa(es are displayed on5screen or sent .ia e5mail to alert /sers to a newsworthy piece of information. Fhere.er possi#le, allow the /ser to access all main feat/res thro/(h a we#5#rowser Bno software installation re?/ired) and allow for interface and information display c/stomisation Bs/ch as e.(. httpC22www.(oo(le.com2i(). Ser.ices a.aila#le within the network co/ld #e disco.ered #y a software s/ch as 4.ahi Bwww.a.ahi.or(). &he act/al ro/tin( and handlin( of the link layer sho/ld #e done #y a dedicated ro/tin( daemon Be.(. www.olsr.or(). 1.1) Social2Professional Networking Application GoalC 4n application which allows for real5time disco.ery of information, e.ents and people in the s/rro/ndin( area. Goc/s on the immediately reacha#le, li.in( en.ironment comprisin( li.e e.ents and li.in( people. &he social e7perience is therefore temporally and spatially limited, allowin( for another kind of feelin( than traditional network5#ased interaction which appear cold and distant. 4ll e.ents, ser.ices and locations can #e commented on and rated. &he res/lt mi(ht #e a compensation of the distance created #y modern ways of life, a redisco.ery of o/r immediate s/rro/ndin(s and a stren(thenin( of local resilience. Informations are .isi#le as lon( as the application is r/nnin( and networkin( is

Project Starfish

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ena#led. 'achin( allows for a/tomatically sa.in( recently disco.ered information. Inte(rated chat, file sharin( and social profiles. 4llow for instant set5/p of spatially and temporally limited ad5hoc networks with chats and sharin( capa#ilities. 67ampleC I am (oin( thro/(h the city as a citizen or to/rist and wo/ld like to know what:s happenin( in the area. I simply ena#le the application and find e.ents and people interestin( to me, reacha#le within only a few min/tes.

67ampleC I am at a local e.ent and wo/ld like to disc/ss the on(oin( presentation Bor concert) with fellow conference participants2st/dents2fans. I simply ena#le the application and la/nch a local chat room which is immediately anno/nced to all near#y nodes, allowin( them to join the disc/ssion. 4llow for interconnections with e7istin( and esta#lished ser.ices Be.(.

www.face#ook.com) to ena#le the import2e7port of data across networks. 67istin( software #ased on open so/rce which applies some of these principles are =iaspora Bwww.joindiaspora.com), "neSocialFe# Bwww.onesocialwe#.or() and Gnome 6mpathy BhttpC22li.e.(nome.or(26mpathy). 1.2) Ga$es =esi(n (ames which acti.ely enco/ra(e sharin( and common acti.ities. Aet (ames #reak thro/(h to reality and display :a/thenticity: Bsee presentation #y Jesse Schell .ia httpC22(-t..com2.ideos2--$002dice5$%1%5desi(n5o/tside5the5#o75presentation2). Implement internal achie.ement systems which specifically relate to the social aspect of the (ame. &hese systems can take the form of #ad(es, rewards, ranks, le.els, points or achie.ements which mi(ht also #e redeema#le for real5world #enefits. In (eneral, fa.o/r differentiated and interestin( achie.ement systems o.er d/ll le.ellin( systems. G/rthermore, inte(rate desi(n aspects which relate directly to the physical world in

Project Starfish

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terms of location and (eo(raphy. 8owe.er, s/ch ser.ices sho/ld f/nction in a decentralised manner as well. "ne location5#ased (ame which for /ses other a central (ames ser.er incl/de is fo/rs?/are local Pon( BhttpC22fo/rs?/are.com2). Ideas

BhttpC22en.wikipedia.or(2wiki2Pon() and co5operati.e </##le <o##le BhttpC22www.frozen5 #/##le.or(2), S/per @ario and += projections with an a/(mented reality aspect. 'ommon (ames and acti.ities can also help to (enerate information and knowled(e to the #enefit of the network as a whole s/ch as c/rrently e7ploited #y Goo(le Bthro/(h the Goo(le Ima(e Aa#eller httpC22ima(es.(oo(le.com2ima(ela#eler2). &he (amin( aspect sho/ld help the adoption and spread of the network, aided #y the aforementioned achie.ement systems. G/rthermore, they sho/ld ena#le (eo(raphically close participants to o.ercome ne(ati.e politeness pre.alent in many western societies B:#reak the ice:) and en(a(e in real5world social interaction after ha.in( fo/nd common interests and acti.ities. 1.3) Grass'roots decision'$aking =e.elop an application takes ad.anta(e of the comm/nication technolo(y to allow for (rass5roots decision5makin(. &his can take form of an implementation of principles s/ch as Ai?/id =emocracy BhttpC22campai(ns.wikia.com2wiki2Ai?/idE=emocracy) and also ser.e as a startin( point for a network5internal we# of tr/st. 4 workin( implementation of an acco/nta#ility system is Principles and 'lasses BhttpC22standards.ctrl5alt5del.si2a#o/t.php). 1. ) !ther applications and s*pport syste$s Identification system =e.elop a method to sec/rely identify /sers in a decentralised fashion. Statistical applications =e.elop an application which facilitates the transmission and sharin( of ener(y

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cons/mption and ener(y acco/ntin( information. 'olla#orati.e tools Implement prod/cti.ity applications which allow for immediate colla#orati.e work within yo/r network Be.(. www.piratepad.net). 1.1) ,3isting networking applications '/rrently, in order to /se the ad.anta(e of mesh networkin(, specialised applications are re?/ired for each kind of ser.ice. 67amples incl/de a Findows 0 access5point (enerator BhttpC22connectify.me2) and an a/dio framework which allows for sharin( of a/dio de.ices BhttpC22www.p/lsea/dio.or(2). 1.4) Standards and Protocols =/e to the technical constraints of old comm/nication protocols, new protocols and standards wo/ld e.ent/ally need to #e de.eloped. Fhile this is not the primary (oal of this /ndertakin(, it mi(ht #ecome necessary if si(nificant re5str/ct/rin( of the internet is to #e achie.ed. If the network is to e7ist witho/t a central a/thority, then a software wo/ld need to #e written which allows for dynamical, decentralised assi(nment of IP addresses. Protocols /sed #y =iaspora to create a de5centralised social network incl/de the Salmon Protocol BhttpC22www.salmon5protocol.or(2), BhttpC22we#fin(er.or(2) "stat/s and BhttpC22ostat/s.or(2), pops/#h/#/# Fe#fin(er

BhttpC22code.(oo(le.com2p2p/#s/#h/##/#2). 8owe.er, these protocols lack the re?/ired pri.acy feat/res as of now. 1.5) Spectr*$ and colla)orati/e co$$*nications G/rthermore, in order to achie.e scala#ility in a network #ased on a decentralised architect/re with a considera#le amo/nt of nodes, colla#orati.e radio technolo(ies and associated protocols need to #e de.eloped.

Project Starfish

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If a new standard is to #e de.eloped, a Pro#lem Specification has to #e defined, followed #y a Sol/tion Specification Be.(. as in the case of GS@, the (oal was to create small low power de.ices s/pported #y hi(h power transmittin( infrastr/ct/re). &hen, the Standard de.elopment can occ/r accordin( to the specification and e.ent/ally also #e appro.ed #y the policy5makin( #odies s/ch as the Gederal 'omm/nications 'ommission BhttpC22www.fcc.(o.2). &o make si(nificant ad.ances, joint de.elopments wo/ld ha.e to #e made on "SI layers 15+. 4s of now, these layers ha.e mostly #een st/died and worked on in isolation. '/rrently, research is #ein( made in the areas of colla#orati.e comm/nications and software5controlled radio with the capacity to fle7i#ly send on .ario/s fre?/encies, which wo/ld ena#le a new kind of wireless transmission technolo(y. Instit/tions researchin( in these areas incl/de @I& BhttpC22we#.mit.ed/2), 6&8 BhttpC22www.ethz.ch2), Stanford BhttpC22www.stanford.ed/2), G&F BhttpC22www.ftw.at2). S/ch technolo(y wo/ld allow for many nodes to f/nction sim/ltaneo/sly witho/t central a/thority, allocatin( the a.aila#le ether accordin( to time, fre?/ency and codin(. 4ct/al hardware de.ices and related software protocols allowin( for these ad.anced feat/res are e7pected to #e a.aila#le no sooner than $%1$. In terms of hardware, is also possi#le that de.ices with fle7i#le wireless chip5sets will #ecome widely a.aila#le and that the remo.al of restrictions imposed #y software can make these feat/res (enerally a.aila#le. '/rrently, the only /sa#le and afforda#le software5controlled radio hardware is the ;SRP #y 6t/s Research AA' BhttpC22www.ett/s.com2). Fith s/ch hardware, new standards can #e de.eloped for "SI layers 1 and $, which ha.e pre.io/sly #een e7cl/si.ely decided on #y ind/stry leaders and restricted #y the hardware prod/ced #y major .endors as appro.ed #y the specification. 4dditionally, it wo/ld also pre.ent comm/nications from #ein( jammed, as fre?/encies can #e chan(ed as re?/ired. 8owe.er, policy iss/es can arise if spectra o/tside of the appro.ed $.- G8z, are to #e /sed. Spectra within the *%%@hz51Ghz area wo/ld allow for #etter si(nal propa(ation than the c/rrently a.aila#le spectr/m.

Project Starfish 4) "ardware 4.1) &*rrently e3isting hardware

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&here is hardware which wo/ld c/rrently f/lfil the specifications re?/ired to proceed with Scenario 4lpha or <eta. 8owe.er, s/ita#le technical specifications and doc/mentation m/st #e a.aila#le. 67istin( de.ices which mi(ht #e of interest incl/de the 4pple iPhone

BhttpC22www.apple.com2iphone2), 4ndroid Smartphones BhttpC22www.android.com2) and the @iGi de.ices BhttpC22www.no.atelwireless.com2). 4s the network will mostly #e #ased on wireless technolo(y, de.ices with a FiGi chipset, access to doc/mentation and hardware confi(/ration thro/(h software sol/tions as well as the option to r/n applications can #e s/ita#le. 'ertain 4theros wireless chipsets are known to #e well confi(/ra#le thro/(h software BhttpC22www.atheros.com2). If the de.ice has a +G 8S=P4 chip for /se with c/rrent pro.iders as well, then there will #e less initial network co.era(e iss/es. 4.2) Newly designed hardware In order to s/pport the distri#/ted architect/re of the network comprisin( many connections with possi#ly different protocols Be.(. 6thernet, FA43, <l/etooth) and a m/ltit/de of nodes, /pcomin( technolo(ies and newly desi(ned de.ices are preferred if all (oals are to #e f/lfilled. 8ardware de.elopment cost estimation In order to know how m/ch hardware de.elopment and act/al /nits are (oin( to cost, the e7act feat/re specification m/st #e prepared. "ne of the most important elements will #e the trade off #etween node co.era(e and si(nal transmission ran(e. Specification de.elopment and most of the initial desi(nin( can #e done on a P'5 platform. 4fterwards, s/ita#le components can #e researched for2desi(ned which will

Project Starfish

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s/#se?/ently #e inte(rated in the act/al hardware prototype desi(n. &his prototype wo/ld #e tested and impro.ed /ntil it is ready for mass prod/ction. Possi#ly the least costly method in terms of initial de.elopment will #e to inte(rate only e7istin( components into a new prod/cts and only desi(n connectors. =esi(nin( circ/it #oards etc. will #e m/ch more costly, #/t these options sho/ld #e .iewed in li(ht of time, f/nctionality and in.estment constraints. &he f/nctionality incl/ded within a ;S<5don(le .ersion will #e limited #y the power constraints of the ;S< host port Bc/rrently $*%% mF per port). "ther interfaces s/ch as S=I" mi(ht pro.e more efficient #/t wo/ld re?/ire c/stom dri.ers to #e written. 4 cost5efficient approach wo/ld #e to foc/s on one .ersion of the prod/ct and commercialise it #efore offerin( a second sol/tion. &he n/ll to Prototype de.elopment time estimation is $ years f/ll5time work for one ?/alified e7pert. Gor c/rrent applications and de.elopments the #est 1%$.11n chipset sho/ld #e /sed. "therwise it can #e e7trapolated for speed, efficiency, price, ran(e and size to estimate specifications for the desired project time5frame Be.(. the state of the art one year from now). 3etwork #eha.io/r and transmittin( power &he power /sa(e and transmittin( power are .aria#les that sho/ld #e kept in check, a hypothetical standard network layo/t wo/ld need to #e calc/lated incl/din( si(nal5to5 noise ratio for estimates in order to t/ne the transmitters so as to to pre.ent the network from #ein( too ?/iet to interconnect or too lo/d to maintain as many comm/nication links. It (enerally re?/ires less transmittin( power to send lower fre?/ency wa.es which are also #etter s/ited than hi(h fre?/encies for penetratin( most o#stacles s/ch as walls. Aow fre?/encies are also #etter s/ited for transmission

Project Starfish

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o.er hi(h distances, #/t they also re?/ire #i((er antennas than hi(h fre?/encies. &he c/rrent $.-Ghz spectr/m allocated for FiGi is often o.ercrowded in areas with many networks and is not s/ited for si(nal propa(ation in /r#an areas. G/rthermore, it sho/ld #e noted that #andwidth is not directly proportional to transmission power. If the si(nal5to5noise ratio is hi(h B(ood si(nal), then less #andwidth is re?/ired to send data. If the si(nal5to5noise ratio is low B#ad si(nal, hi(h interference), more #andwidth is re?/ired to allow for discrimination of transmission channels. 3o matter how the network is #ein( shared, the more nodes there are in an interference5limited area, the total #enefit of each node asymptotically (oes a(ainst zero. 'ooperati.e comm/nications and co(niti.e radio sol/tions mentioned a#o.e can pro.ide sol/tions thro/(h smart allocation mechanisms. It seems that the 1%$.11n wireless protocol BhttpC22en.wikipedia.or(2wiki2=raft53) has a feat/re similar to the GS@ network:s a#ility for the client to smoothly switch #etween transmission relays witho/t connecti.ity #ein( affected. </t while the wireless protocol can do this, Internet as s/ch only works when #oth endpoints are defined, so it is diffic/lt to predict if this will work in the final 1%$.11n protocol. Ae(al iss/es &here are co/ntless le(al iss/es that need to #e addressed #efore enterin( act/al prototype desi(n as these mi(ht affect the e.ent/al prod/ct specifications. Fhen makin( hardware address space will need to #e reser.ed, which may inc/r special costs or conditions. =/e to the ad5hoc nat/re of the network and its foc/s on sec/rity and anonymity, it sho/ld #e seen whether there are le(al loopholes or other possi#ilities to pre.ent any sort of le(al confrontation. 8owe.er, a clear sol/tion m/st #e fo/nd in order to comply with or adapt to re(/lations in a way that the #/siness is not threatened. '/rrently, once specific iss/e is that if a person shares the internet connection, it is responsi#le for all traffic that passes thro/(h which is one of the reasons why most

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wireless networks are protected. 8owe.er, if the traffic is only passed on #/t not looked /pon or altered in any way, there is no le(al lia#ility for the intermediary. 4.2.1) .ndependent de/ice 6 78S# dongle7 4 specifically tailored network and connecti.ity ;S< don(le f/lfillin( these re?/irements co/ld #e de.eloped. 4n initial proposal is to inte(rate a small Ain/7 comp/ter and a FA43 as well as a ;S<5to5ethernet chip inside a ;S< don(le. &his de.ice co/ld then #e connected to any comp/ter Bre?/irin( only the #asic, e7istin( ;S< dri.er) in a pl/( n: play fashion and pro.ide the desired f/nctionality. Ser.ices co/ld #e accessed thro/(h the we# #rowser witho/t the need to de.elop special applications or dri.ers. Prototypes of s/ch a de.ice are already e7istin( and can #e #/ilt for less than *%%K. Pro#lems with this sol/tion incl/de power restrictions imposed #y ;S< as well as co.era(e iss/es, since most ;S<5powered de.ices are only t/rned on if the host comp/ter is workin( as well. 4.2.2) .ndependent de/ice ' 7S*pernode7 4n small, mo#ile, #attery5powered ro/ter5like de.ice B:S/pernode:) co/ld ser.e as a central access points for all de.ices with different connecti.ity feat/res which are incapa#le of ad.anced mesh networkin( and incorporate ad.anced networkin( technolo(y in order to increase the #andwidth, ran(e and ?/ality of the network. &he size and independent power s/pply wo/ld allow for more f/nctionality than the ;S<5 don(le .ersion. &his de.ice co/ld #e seen as a mo#ile ad5hoc :network (enerator: and porta#le ser.er which additionally ena#les the sharin( of ser.ices #etween different de.ices. &he main limitations will #e ener(y stora(e and transmission power.

Project Starfish 5) %esign and $arketing

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=esi(n and marketin( considerin( the local social settin( and the different tar(et (ro/p:s psycholo(ical profile Bidentification, personal psycholo(ical in.estment etc.) and will #e inte(ral to the s/ccess of the network. %esign 4ny software application front5ends wo/ld need to #e desi(ned to #e completely accessi#le and re(arded as fancy #y the a.era(e /ser. 4 standardised presentation format wo/ld #e re?/ired which is a#le to a((re(ate different kinds of information and display them in a meanin(f/l way. &he first front5end mi(ht simply #e em#edded within the we# #rowser. &he desi(n of the hardware sho/ld allow for implementation of the social2(/erilla marketin( and c/stomer identification aspect Be.(. the :S/pernode: has a certain A6= which acti.ates when ser.ices2data is #ein( shared). "ne desi(n idea is to implement a spherical desi(n for the S/pernode with an appro7imate diameter of 0 centimetres. &he #attery wo/ld #e at the #ottom Bhea.ier part), whereas the antenna wo/ld #e at the top of the de.ice. (arketing In /sin( the network and the associated de.ices, the participant sho/ld #e a#le to identify himself with it. Possi#le identifications mi(ht #eC LI s/pport freedom of speech.M 5 "pen and anonymo/s network aspect LI am happy to share and help others.M 5 Sharin( and h/manitarian aspect LI want to connect to the people aro/nd me.M 5 Social aspect LIt:s cool to share and to defy the esta#lishment.M 5 @esh and anonymo/s aspect

Project Starfish

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&he marketin( sho/ld reflect and reinforce these identification patterns thro/(h a s/ita#ly desi(ned lo(o, we# presence, stickers, apparel, online (ro/ps in e7istin( social networks and hardware desi(n feat/res as mentioned a#o.e. &he de.elopment of an incenti.e to keep the /ser:s de.ices online as m/ch as possi#le so as to s/pport the network:s infrastr/ct/re and to share its ser.ices will #e cr/cial to the project:s s/ccess. 4 network5internal sharin( statistic or ratin( system or achie.ement system as mentioned a#o.e co/ld #e implemented. It sho/ld #e taken into acco/nt that the /sers will contri#/te their de.ice:s power and data to the network, possi#ly witho/t always reapin( immediate #enefits. 4s s/ch, a simple yet effecti.e mechanism sho/ld #e de.eloped to ens/re the network:s on(oin( operation. &he social aspect can #e the dri.e for mass adoption. 8owe.er, the appropriate social networkin( application Bas mentioned a#o.e) wo/ld need to #e de.eloped, takin( ad.anta(e of the str/ct/re of the network as a mesh as opposed to traditional, centralised architect/res. @arketin( strate(ies will ha.e to #e de.eloped for different tar(et (ro/ps. &he e.ent/al prod/ct sho/ld appeal to lar(e parts of the pop/lation and also #e /sa#le #y the main demo(raphic (ro/ps as well as (ro/ps with limited technolo(ical e7pertise. Incenti.es are to #e fo/nd when pro#lems faced #y tar(et (ro/ps can #e sol.es #y the prod/ct and when their lifestyle is facilitated and affirmed. Iss/es sho/ld #e sol.ed which /sers ha.e #een complainin( a#o/t, s/ch as with the e7ample of special cellphones for the elderly BhttpC22www$.emporia.at2en2home2). Possi#le tar(et (ro/ps incl/de pri.ate c/stomers s/ch as technolo(y5affine (eeks, normal /sers, style5aware /sers and pra(matists, #/siness c/stomers which see #enefits in the technolo(y for commercial networks, as well as sec/rity5aware c/stomers which .al/e sec/rity and ad5hoc connecti.ity. #rand positioning &wo (eneral strate(iesC Position as m/lti p/rpose de.ice Position as sin(le5p/rpose de.ice

Project Starfish

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Gi.en proper marketin( and easy5to5/nderstand as well as :trendy: and2or /sef/l application, a sin(le p/rpose mi(ht #e eno/(h to sell a reasona#ly priced de.ice Bs/ch as an ad5hoc chat5only ser.er). &he hardware sho/ld allow for .ario/s applications which can #e implemented, #/t the marketin( messa(e m/st #e clear in indicatin( the /ser:s #enefit and the prod/ct:s /ni?/e sellin( point. 4nti5clo/d Position the low5le.el /ser5powered mesh concept in contrast to the dominant clo/d5 #ased, so5called :mesh: #/t hi(hly centralised approaches as they are propa(ated #y Goo(le Bmail.(oo(le.com) 4mazon BhttpC22aws.amazon.com2s+2), ;#/nt/ BhttpsC22one./#/nt/.com2) and @icrosoft BhttpC22sync.li.e.com2). Aocal resilience, sec/rity and anonymity Goc/s the prod/ct on a foolproof implementation of hi(h5(rade encryption and anonymity with correspondin( defa/lt settin(s and pl/( n: play f/nctionality witho/t any re?/ired settin(s for #asic operation. Stren(then local resilience and independence from ISP:s as well as net ne/trality. @arket the prod/ct as an anonymity and encryption de.ice, possi#ly incl/din( password mana(ers and related feat/res. 6fficiency and red/ndancy Position the de.ice as a means to sa.e #andwidth and achie.e a more direct and efficient networkin( str/ct/re within a (i.en or(anisation or re(ion. Goc/s on the inherently or(anic and red/ndant Bfail5sa.e) nat/re of mesh networkin(. 'onnecti.ity Goc/s on the network:s premise to connect c/rrently isolated parts of the world incl/din( de.elopin( and third5world co/ntries as well as r/ral and remote areas of

Project Starfish ind/strialised nations.

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=e.elopin( co/ntries and third5world co/ntries co/ld ha.e the #enefit of (ainin( access to a cost5efficient local wireless network witho/t the need for e7pensi.e ISP infrastr/ct/re or any additional rec/rrin( fees.

Project Starfish 9) &o$$ercialisation Prod/ct de.elopment

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=/rin( the first sta(e, c/rrently e7istin( hardware with /pdated software and additional marketin( mi(ht #e /sed to start the spread of the network and (enerate re.en/e accordin( to Scenario:s 4lpha and <eta. 6.ent/ally, chip5sets and independent de.ices accordin( to Scenario:s Gamma and =elta sho/ld #e de.eloped to s/pport the re?/irements of the network and to allow for easy inte(ration with e7istin( networks and connecti.ity standards. Approaches to re/en*e generation 4ll of the followin( approaches can #e com#ined in .ario/s ways and mi(ht ser.e as an initial collection of methods to f/nd the de.elopment of the mesh network. "pen5so/rce company approach 4n option for the de.elopment of #oth software and hardware is to take the @ozilla fo/ndation BhttpC22www.mozilla.or(2) as an e7ample, which does not control, #/t f/rthers and o.ersees de.elopment. &he stren(th of this approach stems from the circ/mstance that de.elopment remains transparent and open so/rce, #/t the company2fo/ndation acts as an intermediary to the commercial sector, accreditin( software and (/aranteein( s/pport. 4 sta#le core of workin( and s/pported software Bpl/(5ins and applications) wo/ld #e maintained, while the comm/nity sho/ld still #e enco/ra(ed to de.elop their own software. Infl/ence and re.en/e wo/ld #e (enerated #y reco(nisin( and pro.idin( s/pport for specific software as well as certification and licensin(. 8ardware approach Sellin( act/al hardware which pro.ides :tan(i#le: #enefits to the c/stomer as

Project Starfish

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mentioned in Scenarios <eta thro/(h Gamma. 8owe.er, the software side of s/ch hardware sho/ld #e #ased on open, freely a.aila#le technolo(ies and modifia#le #y the /sers. 4n o/tcome s/ch as constit/ted #y @eraki BhttpC22meraki.com2), which started off as an open network #/t ended /p with e7tensi.e restrictions on freedom of /se is to #e a.oided. "ther approaches G/ifi.net is a Spanish network which is #i( eno/(h that companies specialisin( in node deployment ha.e spawned. G/nkfe/er !ienna is hostin( a collocation center for re.en/e (eneration. Gor more #ack(ro/nd information on the .ario/s e7istin( comm/nity networks and related information, please cons/lt the Fireless S/mmit 3otes $%1%. 'reate a workin( network and pro.ide cons/ltin( or other specialised ser.ices for the commercial sector. 4lternati.ely, find a method to inte(rate ad.ertisement into the pro.ision of ser.ices. 'har(e a price for certified applications, (ames and pl/(ins which can only #e o#tained thro/(h a company5owned online store s/ch as the 4pple Store BhttpC22www.apple.com2iphone2apps5for5iphone2). 6specially (ames a#o.e mi(ht #e an interestin( proposition. 6na#le the de.ice to take orders wirelessly Be.(. in a coffee5shop settin(, as Star#/cks BhttpC22www.star#/cks.com2) is c/rrently pilotin( with the iPhone). &his wo/ld red/ce a #/sinesses: staffin( e7penses and co/ld ser.e as an online social marketin( platform Be.(. httpC22www.lessnetworks.com2). Goc/s on hi(h5(rade encryption, sec/rity and ad5hoc connecti.ity co/ld attract #/sinesses and other sec/rity5aware c/stomers. Goc/s on third5world connecti.ity and charita#le acti.ities as mentioned a#o.e. as mentioned

Project Starfish :) Project f*nding options Pri.ate In.estment </siness 4n(els !ent/re 'apital 'ompanies

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'rowd f/ndin( BhttpC22en.wikipedia.or(2wiki2'rowdEf/ndin() Research (rant Go.ernment5#ased f/ndin(