The Holocaust !

English 1103 ! Mrs. Raymond ! Anna Culbreth and Nicole Dowdy!

What!
What the victims endured during the Holocaust!

(history1900s.about.com)!

Concentration Camps!
The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, statesponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. "Holocaust" is a word of Greek origin meaning "sacrice by re. (ushmm.org)!

Some of the most famous concentration camps are:! Buchenwald! Mittelbau- Dora ! Dachau! And! Mauthausen !

Arbeit Macht Frei Work Makes one free! (ushmm.org)!

Extermination camps"
More so remembered and symbolized with the Holocaust itself, this is where entire families were ordered to undress, step inside a large room all together, while German ofcers placed poisonous gases in the ventilation system and let it disperse through the air. The families were led to believe that they were taking a shower. After death, bodies were taken to the Crematorium to be incinerated.

Well-Known Extermination Camps:! Auschwitz-Birkenau (Most famous)! Auschwitz II! Chelmno ! Belzec ! And ! Treblinka!

(ushmm.org)!

Stahlecker Report! A Police Report detailing the death of over 200 Thousand Jews in the Soviet Union. !

Medical Experiments !

The Third Reich notoriously carried out medical experiments on concentration camp members for various purposes, all to benet the German Nation.!

Romani! (USHMM.ORG)!

A ROMANI (GYPSY) AFTER BEING SUBJECTED TO TESTS TO MAKE SALTWATER POTABLE, IN DACHAU. !

Ice Water! (USHMM.ORG) !

IN DACHAU, A MAN IS IMMERSED IN FREEZING WATER in a Nazi experiment. !

From Air Compression chambers to injecting patients with TB and everything between, One man was notorious among the extermination camps:" Dr. Josef Mengele!

Dr. Josef Mengele (ushmm.org)!

Dr. Mengele was responsible for the selection and separation of the inmates- deeming who was t to work and who was sent directly to the gas chambers of Auschwitz. !

Dr. Mengele was most known for experiment on twins while in charge of Auschwitz. !

A Personal Recollection from Shlomo Venezia Author of:! Inside the gas chambers: eight months in the ! Sonderkommando of Auschwitz!

Ive never talked about this until now, its such a weight, its so heart rendering, that I nd it difcult to speak of those visions of the gas chamber. You could nd people whos eyes hung out of their sockets because of the struggles the organism had undergone. Others were bleeding from everywhere, or were soiled by their own excrement, or that of other people. Because of the effect that their fear and the gas chamber had on them, the victims often evacuated everything they had in their bodies. Some bodies were all red, others very pale, as everyone reacted differently. But they had all suffered in death. People often imagine that the gas was throw in, and there you were, the victims died. But what a death it was!... You found them gripping each othereveryone had desperately sought a little air. Continued!

The gas was thrown onto the oor and gave off acid from underneath, so everyone tried to nd some air, even if each one needed to climb on top of another until the last one died. I personally think- I cant be sure but I think- that several people died even before the gas was thrown in. they were crammed in so tightly against one another that the smallest and the weakest were inevitably suffocated. At a certain moment, under that pressure, that anguish, you become selsh and theres only one thing you can think of: how to save yourself. That was the effect gas had. The site that lay before us when we opened the door was terrible; nobody can even imagine what it was like. !

Mass Grave Site (USHMM.ORG)!

More than Dr. Mengele, An entire unit of people came together to Carry out The Final Solution. ! From SS Members to men who worked the Mobile killing Units (Einsatzgruppen), these crimes against humanity killed millions of people, and to those who were left alive, the physical and mental damage would be with them forever. !

After the war was over in 1945, the group of 24 men in charge of the mass exterminations, went on trial in Nuremburg, Germany. !

The Nuremburg Trails!

The 24 men went on trial for the following charges: ! 1.! Crimes against peace! 2.! Crimes against Humanity! 3.! War Crimes! 4.! Conspiracy to commit any and all of the crimes listed In the rst three counts!

Why!
Anti-Sematic Attitudes !

Jews are not wanted here." Germany, 1936!

(ushmm.org)!

Anti- Sematic views didnt originate in the second world War, but the height of its popularity came during the Holocaust. !

In the late 19th century, a nationalist driven revolution swept through Europe and many Jewish citizen were labeled as disloyal and werent accepted in any country. ! As a result, pogroms (violent riots) rose up in the streets and many Jewish citizens were killed. !

The unication of Germany into a nation in 1871 united the German nation in what was Called volkish thought. ! volkish thought was a mindset that the German race was a pure race, and that in order to be a true German, one had to take every step necessary to be united under the German nationalist thought. !

It was this attitude that perpetuated through the 1870s through and into the 1900s which reached its peak in WORLD WAR II. !

A Nazi Propaganda poster calling for German unity under Hitlers reign as Fhrer.!

One People, One Nation, One Leader!! Nazi Propaganda (bbc.com)!

A video showing the boycott of Jewish shops in the early phases of discrimination. (youtube.com)!

Finally On May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered: ! To Millions of people it meant a reign of terror was over, loved ones would return home from the front lines, and to countless others- It meant liberation. !

President Truman Announces German Surrender " (Youtube.com)!

Satiric Slovak obituary written to mourn the death of the 12 year old Third Reich!

obituary (ushmm.org)!

After!
Denial !

A picture showing AntiZionist/ Holocaust Denial Attitudes. !

Anti-Zionist Holocaust Denial ! (zionism-israel.com)!

holocaust denial is a postwar phenomenon at whose core lies the rejection of the historical fact that six million Jews were murdered by the Nazis during World War II. Alongside explicit repudiation of the holocaust, denial includes the minimization, banalization, and relativization of the relevant facts and events, so as to cast doubt on the uniqueness or authenticity of what happened during the Shoah. ! -Robert s. Wistrich! Holocaust Denial: The politics of Perdy!

The Aftermath!

Denial of the holocaust did not begin after the war was over, it actually began when it was time to purify the German Nation. !

From code words to little to no written documentation, the third Reich took all necessary steps to ensure that what they were doing was kept secret. ! What little documentation was recorded was destroyed ( to the best of their ability) after Germanys surrender in May 1945. ! Large burial sites were dug back up and the bodies were incinerated, while the crematoriums themselves were blown up in effort to hide the proof of what they had done. !

A Nazi Publication:! DER Sturmer !

The international composition of Jewry demands an International defense front. ! -The Caption under the ! Anti-sematic Photo

(ushmm.org)!

Anti-Zionist/ Anti-Sematic attitudes still fester in! Todays society and are still causing people to believe that the Holocaust was a hoax, perpetuated by the Jewish community in order to ! Gain sympathy. ! Sadly, In many places today even in America, there are still people trying to further the! Aryan race by discriminating against the Jewish community. !

Remembrance!

(Dowdy)!

One thing I ask of you. ! You who survive this time;! Dont forget.! Dont forget the good! And not the bad. ! Patiently gather all the evidence ! About the fallen.! One day, this will be the past.! People will speak of that terrible time! And will speak of the nameless heroes,! The history they made. ! They were men there, who had names, faces, longings, and hopes. ! Therefore, the pain of the least of them was not smaller than the pain of the greatest of them whose name has been remembered. ! I want you always to keep them near;! Like acquaintances, like relatives,! Like yourself. Julius Fucik ! (Julius Fucik)

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum!

Isaiah 43:10,!

You are my Witness.!

Works Cited:" A Changed World: The Continuing Impact of the Holocaust. Washington, !D.C. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Print. !

Beigas, Soa. Personal Interview. 11 Nov. 2013. !

Dowdy, Nicole. Great Grandmother and Grandmother. Photographs.!

Holocaust Myth. Zionism-israel.com. Ami Isseroff. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. !

Kalman, Judith. Identication Card. United States Holocaust Memorial !Museum. Print. !

Nuremberg Trials. History.com. A&E Television Networks. Web. 3 Nov. 2013 !

Rosenberg, Jennifer. history1900s.about.com. Web. Oct.- Nov. 2013. ! Schafft, Gretchen and Gerhard Zeidler. Commemorating Hell: The Public !Memory of Mittelbau-Dora. Introduction. Springeld: University !of Illinois Press. 2011. xiv. Print. !

Works Cited Continued! Truman, Harry. Stock Footage- Harry Truman announces victory over !Germany WWII. YouTube.com. YouTube.com, 30 Jun 2010. Web. Nov. 2013. !

ushmm.org. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2013. !

Venezia, Shlomo. Inside the Gas Chambers: Eight Months In The !Sonderkommando of Auschwitz. Malden: Polity Press, 2010. Print. Oct. !2013. !

Welch, David. Nazi Propaganda. bbc.com. British Broadcasting Corporation. !17 Feb. 2011. Web. 3 Nov. 2013. #!

Wistrich, Robert S. Holocaust Denial: The Politics of Perdy. Boston: De Gruyter.! !2012. Print. !

1933 - Germany, Jewish Shop Boycott 221081-06. YouTube.com. YouTube.com,! !3 Jun 2012. Web. Nov. 2013. !