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GT

-SUITE is an integrated CAE program for


design analysis of engines. The most unique
feature of this highly advanced tool is that it is contained
in a single application - a new paradigm in engine sim-
ulations. There are six components in GT-SUITE with
the following main capabilities:
Advanced Features
"Virtual Engine/Powertrain/Vehicle" in a single executable
The only tool that can take a project from initial concept
studies to integrated analysis of the complete system
Users can choose from alternative physical models, with
different levels of complexity, allowing rapid simulations
with less detail, while providing more detail when needed
Advanced built-in functions are provided at no extra cost
(sophisticated optimizers, control library, job distribution serv-
er, user-defined compound templates, etc.)
Multi-case studies are possible in a single run, with
parametric substitution of variables
Users can easily incorporate their own models
Model files are stored in open XML format
Simulation output is stored in MySQL commercial database
Table output comes in HTML and PDF formats
GT-SUITE
All six components of GT-SUITE are based on a common set
of multi-physics libraries, and thus have a large degree of
commonality among them. There is a single shared user
interface, from which the user performs all pre- and post-
processing, and these functions are identical for all six GT-
SUITE components -- no need to learn multiple tools.
GT-POWER:
Engine simulation for performance and acoustics
analysis, with full control capabilites
GT-DRIVE
Vehicle performance and cycle analysis for fuel economy
and emissions, and driveline component dynamics
GT-VRAIN:
Valvetrain kinematics, dynamics and tribology,
camshaft vibrations, chain/gear drives, cam design
GT-FUEL:
Injection system pressure and flow dynamics, hydraulic
system analysis
GT-COOL:
Engine heat management and cooling system
analysis
GT-CRANK:
Crankshaft dynamics and torsional vibrations, engine
balance, block vibrations, mounts, bearing oil films
Virtual Engine / Powertrain / Vehicle
Insert image ^
GT-ISE Datafile is a multi-page document:
click tab to open sub-assembly page
Graphical Interface: GT-ISE
Flow
Components
View whole model
Hierarchy:
Template
Object
Part Mechanical
Components
Graphical User Interface (GT-ISE)
Data file (GTM), written in XML format, can be used as a
database storing models and sub-models for future reuse
2-D viewer shows scale view of input geometry
3-D viewer of flowsplit geometry
Automated integrity checks reduce user error
Built-in record of model revision history
Run-time monitors display results during execution
Formula editor allows use of equations to define model
parameters as functions of other parameters
Models can be annotated with text
Mini-map provides birds-eye-view of complex models
Encryption feature for OEM/supplier model sharing
Model building
Models are built from a library of supplied elements
Object-based design reduces user effort by eliminating redun-
dant data entry
Model parts can be copied from project to project and from
one GT-SUITE component to another
Models divided into sub-assemblies, which can be placed
on separate pages in a given project or stored in external
files
Sub-assembly encryption for model sharing between OEMs
and suppliers
Post-processor
Graphically based data post-processing
Quickly generate 2-D and 3-D plots of any quantity
Combine data from different cases or different simulations,
or from tests, in one plot
Re-useable post-processing templates allow instant cross-
plotting of results from different simulations
Import test data from ASCII or MS/EXCEL files and
process them the same way as simulation data
Perform various math operations on data in all plots (sum, dif-
ference, integral, derivative, FFT...)
Animation of transient processes
User-definable tabular output of computed results
Keep notes on model evolution
Add annotations to canvas
GT-POST RLT (result) post-processing page
Primary function of this page
is to show results graphically
Scale view of
pipes and
flowsplits
GT-ISE provides tools for model tracebility
GT-POST has several modes for graphical and table-based data display
GT-SUITE
GT-POST Case Sweep FFT Macro: Easily create
contour FFT plots from multiple cases of time data
Simulation Tool . . . Is Here Today
GT-SUITE
Sophisticated Software Engineering
Multi-circuit solver optimizes the execution of complex
models (combined mechanical, fluid, control and thermal
networks)
Dynamic memory allocation allows simulation of very large
and detailed models
Batch file builder/remote job submission
Single and double precision versions supplied
Pre-/Post-processing in JAVA for cross-platform compatibility
Available for PC (Win/LINUX) and on UNIX workstations
From Concept Design to Detailed
Monitor jobs executing across a network
Multi-circuit system: Compressible liquids (GT-FUEL) on top
and combustion gases (GT-POWER) on bottom
Local Workstation
Solver
Node
Solver
Node
Solver
Node
Solver
Node
Solver
Node
Distribution Server
Job distribution
EGR distribution in the intake manifold
computed by coupling to STAR-CD
Job Distribution over a Network
Server software distributes jobs over a network
Local workstation sends jobs to the server
Server sub-divides multi-case runs into packets
Packets are run on all available solver "nodes"
Server algorithms balance load, accounting for:
Estimated simulation time of each case
Availability of solver nodes
Processor speed of the available nodes
Users can monitor and control queued simulations
After completion, results from all nodes are recombined into
standard output files and returned to the user's workstation
Coupling To Third-Party Products:
Coupled with STAR-CD, FLUENT and FIRE
Coupled with Simulink control simulation
Socket API allows coupling across network
Input and output is integrated with EXCEL
User routines allow coupling to user coding
Design of Experiments (DOE)
Series of "test cases" is designed by DOE
Select parameters defining the design space and range
Available DOE options: Full factorial, D-optimal, Latin
hypercube, Box and Draper, user-defined
DOE runs can be distributed on multiple CPUs
Used for many purposes: optimization, neural network
training, rapid setup of case sweeps, etc.
Optimization
GT-SUITE contains two powerful optimizers
Direct Optimizer allows a variable to be optimized or target-
ed by the solver by varying one or more parameters (with
Constraints)
Response Surface optimization method fits a mathemati-
cal surface to DOE output data in a graphical environment:
Analyze multiple output variables simultaneously (any GT-
SUITE output variables)
Investigate quality of surface fit (linear, quadratic, etc.)
Explore relationships between input parameters and
result variables
Predict results from any combination of input parameter
values
Optimize cases independently, or as an entire sweep
The two optimization methods can be used together for com-
plex optimizations where some input parameters may vary
case to case, while others must be constant for all cases
Slider con-
trol allows
rapid
design
exploration
Partial factorial experiment distribution (D-Optimal, quadratic)
Select parameters defining the
design space and range
DOE Post-processor: Display of main effects and response surface
View several
operating
points at the
same time
DOE Post-processor: Design exploration
DOE Post-processor: Optimizer results, two cases:
a. Optimized over the whole sweep of operating points
b. Optimized for each operating point independently
GT-SUITE
System Analysis - - All in One Tool
GT-SUITE
Libraries -
the Foundation of GT-SUITE
The building blocks of GT-SUITE are its libraries:
Flow and Thermodynamics library
Mechanical library
Thermal library
Control library
Libraries contain solvers, fundamental sub-models, and
basic components (e.g. pipes, shafts, thermal inertias)
The six GT-SUITE applications share these libraries
The common libraries and multi-physics connections
enable seamless integrated analyses with GT-SUITE
Flow/Thermodynamics Library
Components: pipes, flowsplits, cylinders, and many others
Solution of one-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations
Finite difference solution on a staggered grid
Explicit and implicit solver options
Coupled with Star-CD and Fluent for 3-D CFD calculations
User-defined "air" can be mixed; can include humidity
Fuels: hydrocarbons, alcohols, hydrogen, etc.
Full chemical-equilibrium solution with 11 species of prod-
ucts of combustion
Real gas / perfect gas options
Advanced models for high-pressure liquids
Refrigerant library for A/C applications
Inert tracers track flows
Multi-Physics Library Infra
Mechanical Library
1-D, 2-D and 3-D elements and connections
Rigid bodies, lumped inertias
Flexible or rigid connections
Flexible bodies (distributed inertia/stiffness, FE)
Kinematic elements, coupled kinematic solution
Specialized shape contacts (cylindrical, arc, gear-gear,
cam-roller, cam-follower)
Journal bearing oil films
Frequency-domain torsional analysis
Coupling to hydraulics (linear and rotational DOFs)
Thermal Library
Used for modeling heat distribution in structures and circuits,
component temperatures
Transient warm-up of exhausts and intakes
Temperature dependent material properties
FE solver for the solution of the thermal library
Output of BCs for external FE analysis
T A P B
Model of a spool valve
Combines interacting
flow and mechanical
components
Flow components
of a spool valve
Mechanical components of a spool valve
Thermal components model cooling circuit
Heat rejected by
electric motor
GT-SUITE
Control Modeling
GT-SUITE contains an extensive built-in library of control
elements to model control systems
This is a powerful capability which enhances any model
Sensors extract many different signals of various types from
all GT-SUITE elements, to be processed by controls
Actuators allow variation of virtually anything user may want
to control in any given GT-SUITE element
Optionally integrates with Simulink
Basic control elements include sum, product, limiter, look-
up, switch, etc.
Advanced control elements include derivative, polynomial,
transfer function, math-equation, neural network, etc.
Utility for easy calibration of PID controllers is provided
Model-based throttle controller
Modeling with Neural Networks
Neural networks can be used in GT-SUITE to
model various processes or sub-systems
An automated calibration method has been
implemented, which utilizes data produced by
DOE over a design space
Primary use is to speed up simulations by replac-
ing detailed models with trained neural networks
One can also bring experimental data into a sim-
ulation, replacing approximate models
Calibration of a Neural Network by data acquired in a DOE run
Modeling of variable valve actuation by GT-SUITE control elements
structure Powers GT-SUITE
INTEGRATION
Integrated System Simulations
GT
-SUITE provides the ability to execute
Integrated Simulations - the next frontier in
CAE applications. It is an industry trend that is gaining in
importance.
2
Until now, analysts have been focusing on narrow prob-
lem areas, divided/isolated by:
Technical areas (e.g. combustion vs. acoustics)
Departmental boundaries
Limitations of available software and hardware
The resulting neglect of interactions limits the usefulness
of the analysis results, and at the same time it restricts
communications across teams and departments.
The GT-SUITE approach: a single comprehensive code
addressing most of the needs covered today by separate
codes, with the following benefits:
Interactions between different parts of the system
can be as detailed as needed
Capabilities are automatically synchronized in a single
version, launched from a single graphical interface
All teams use the same tool, facilitating their
cooperation (they speak "the same language")
Data sharing is streamlined (and error-free)
Engineers share a "virtual engine/vehicle" model
This capability is key for studies of transients
Lower cost
Detailed engine model connected
by a torque converter to a driveline
of a vehicle. Combines GT-
POWER + GT-DRIVE.
This model allows coupled simulation
of the entire system, for studies of
vehicle acceleration capabilities,
general transient operation and
control system development.
Coupled solution of engine per-
formance and cranktrain dynamics,
including block mounts. Combines
GT-POWER + GT-CRANK.
This model allows representation of
the effects of combustion variability
on block vibration. The variability
produces cylinder pressure variation
(top left), which causes irregular
piston side forces (center left),
leading to block vibration (bottom
left). The vibrations can be visualized
by spectral analysis (bottom center).
INTEGRATION
Torsional and multi-body model of valvetrain and of
cranktrain. Combines GT-VTRAIN + GT-CRANK.
Seamless integration permits analysis of
multiple mechanical and hydromechanical
subsystems and of interactions between them.
Screen monitors shown here track various
motions during simulation: (from left) block
vibrations, crank drive-end speed, camshaft
angle error and selected valve lifts.
Integration of engine performance sim-
ulation with cooling system analysis
and structure temperature analysis.
Combines GT-POWER + GT-COOL.
Engine performance simulation
provides the gas-side boundary
conditions for calculation of the
structure temperatures, which in turn
serve as the boundary conditions for
the cooling system simulation. This
model allows a very realistic simula-
tion of engine warm-up.
Modeling of injection system coupled
with simulation of engine performance,
combustion and emissions. Combines
GT-POWER + GT-FUEL, and adds to
them a 3-D CFD code KIVA 3-V.
This combined model allows the analysis
of the interactions between the injection
system and diesel engine combustion,
which is needed for optimum injector
and nozzle selection. KIVA is used to
analyze the interaction of the fuel jets
produced by the injection system with the
combustion chamber shape.
Input all KIVA data through GT-ISE
- - the Next Frontier in CAE

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