1.

Definition Sinusistis is as an inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the paranasal sinuses, It can be due to infection, allergy, or autoimmune problems. 2.Caused Rhinogenic is caused by abnormalty in by nose Dentogenic is caused by Pain or pressure in the forehead, cheeks, nose and between the eyes 3.Symptom A. Headache B. Nasal congestion C. Postnasal drip D. Cough, usually worse at night E. Pain or pressure in the forehead, cheeks, nose and between the eyes 4.Case Mr.N come in hospital with complains 12 weeks bad breath, headache, nasal congestion, pressure in the forehead, cheeks, nose and between the eyes 5.Management Sinusitis due to virus For sinusitis caused by a virus because antibiotics are not necessary. The usual remedy for viral sinusitis is pain relievers such as paracetamol and decongestants. Sinusitis due to bacterial Suspect there has been a sinusitis infection by bacteria if there are symptoms of facial pain, purulent nasal mucus, and symptoms more than a week. Sinusitis is a bacterial infection is generally treated using antibiotics. The selection of antibiotics based on the

type of bacteria that most commonly attacks the sinuses due to get antibiotics that really fit should wait for the results of bacteria culture that takes a long time. Sinusitis or sinus infections usually clear up if treated early and appropriately. Apart from complications, the outlook for acute bacterial sinusitis is good. People may develop chronic sinusitis or have recurrent attacks of acute sinusitis if they suffer with allergies or if they have any structural or anatomical causes" which predispose them to developing sinus infections. Viral sinus infections do not however respond well to conventional treatments such as antibiotics. When treating fungal sinusitis, an appropriate fungicide is usually administered.

Conservative
Nasal irrigation may help with symptoms of chronic sinusitis.Decongestant nasal sprays containing for example oxymetazoline may provide relief, but these medications should not be used for more than the recommended period. Longer use may cause rebound sinusitis. Other recommendations include applying a warm, moist cloth to the affected areas several times a day; drinking sufficient fluids in order to thin the mucus; and inhaling low temperature steam two to four times a day.

Surgery
For chronic or recurring sinusitis, referral to an otolaryngologist specialist may be indicated, and treatment options may include nasal surgery. Surgery should only be considered for those patients who do not experience sufficient relief from optimal medication. Maxilliary antral washout involves puncturing the sinus and flushing with saline to clear the mucus. A 1996 study of patients with chronic sinusitis found that washout confers no additional benefits over antibiotics alone. A number of surgical approaches can be used to access the sinuses and these have generally shifted from external/extranasal approaches to intranasal endoscopic ones. The benefit of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is its ability to allow for a more

targeted approach to the affected sinuses, reducing tissue disruption, and minimizing post-operative complications. Another recently developed treatment is balloon sinuplasty. This method, similar to balloon angioplasty used to "unclog" arteries of the heart, utilizes balloons in an attempt to expand the openings of the sinuses in a less invasive manner. The utility of this treatment for sinus disease is still under debate but appears promising. For persistent symptoms and disease in patients who have failed medical and the functional endoscopic approaches, older techniques can be used to address the inflammation of the maxillary sinus, such as the Caldwell-Luc radical antrostomy. This surgery involves an incision in the upper gum, opening in the anterior wall of the antrum, removal of the entire diseased maxillary sinus mucosa and drainage is allowed into inferior or middle meatus by creating a large window in the lateral nasal wall.

THE PAPER OF SINUSITIS

Created By : Jenda Yuke Arnaika Mitra Gempita Jumiati Oktavia Julianson Sahidar Heriawan Siahaan

Class

: A

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND SCIENCES SUAKA INSAN BANJARMASIN 2013