Tuesday, September 18, 2012 PMR NOVEL GUIDELINES E2D MODULE

PMR!"# Gu$de%$&es '(r N()e% i. Candidates are advised to spend about 20 minutes on this section. ii. Candidates are required to write a piece of writing based on ONE of the novels studied in Form 3. iii. Candidates are required to write in not less than 0 words. iv. ! ma"imum of 12 mar*s will be awarded. !"+ T$ps '(r N()e% ,e'(re, -.$%e a&d /'ter E0am #efore E"am $%eacher & 'tudents( i. %ell the students to clearl) specif) which novel the) would base their answers on. 'tudents can refer to the spelling of the title and author from the question itself. ii. *emorise at least 3 important events. iii. 'tudents must +now the stor) inside out. iv. %enses must be consistent. v. ,ea+ students- follow the word limit. Intermediate/Good: Encourage them to write more than 50 words. ,hile E"am $'tudents( i. .ead for a purpose /loo+ at the question /+e) words0 normall) in bold ii. 1nderline the +e) words iii. 'tudents state their stand $e.g. 2es3 No( clearl) in their introduction and reinstate it in their conclusion. iv. 4ood band/ 2/3 elaborations 5 e"amples. !fter E"am $%eacher( i. %eacher indicates all errors but don6t penali7e too much on language errors ii. 8olistic mar+ing/ focus on contents and supporting details. iii. Factual Errors $F.E.( 9 E/2 mar+s.

. !"1 N()e%2 /r(u&d t.e -(r%d $& 80 Days by 3u%es Ver&e 8ow to use this handout. i. *a+e sure students are taught the novels. 1sing this parallel te"t can help students to get C $ : ; mar+s(. ii. %here are 2 special features to this activit)$a( 1sing the same evidences for different questions and $b( using generic conclusion for all questions. iii. For answers on character0 theme0 message0 moral value and lesson learnt0 the same evidences can be used. iv. For questions on event and ending 0 the same evidences are used. v. %he best wa) to use this activit) is b) giving them the notes for each chapter and ta+e all the evidences from the notes. vi. <t is advisable to as+ students to write rather than giving them a photocopied handout. <t will help them to remember better. %ips for %eachers i. =uestions as+ed cover > elements? character & characteristics0 theme0 message0 moral value0 event and ending. ii. 1se simple present tense or simple past tense. iii. ,rite 3 paragraphs. $<N%.O 0 CON%EN%' : .@ 5 EA @0 .2 5 EA2 & .3 5 EA 3( iv. Bara @ : the novel0 the author & the character3 theme3 message3moral value3lesson learnt3 event3 ending. v. Bara 2 : Evidences or reasons $2 : 3 evidences or reasons( followed b) e"planation or e"ample for each reason or evidence. vi. But sequence connectors before each evidence or reason. vii. !void factual errors. viii. Bara 3 / write simple conclusion. !"4 M(de% /&s5ers '(r N()e%

6a7 89/R/8TER < choose Around the World in 80 Days b) ules !erne. %he character whom < li+e in this stor) is "r #ogg. < li+e him for a few reasons. First and foremost0 he is a determined person. 8e is determined to travel around the world in 80 days even though all his friends think it is impossible to be done. 'econdl)0 < admire him because he is brave. 8e is brave enough to save Aouda from the bandits in the jungle of India, he may get $illed or in%ured while saving her. #inally& he is a kindhearted person. He is very kind to find and save his loyal butler Passepartout after the train atta k. 'e does not leave him (ehind and continues his %ourney. <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. 6b7 T9EME 6DETERMIN/TION : ,R/VER; : 8OUR/GE7 < choose !round the ,orld in D0 Ea)s b) Fules Gerne. %he theme portra)ed in this stor) is determination. %hrough m) observation0 this theme is clearl) demonstrated through the main character *r Fogg. %his can be depicted when .e tra)e%s ar(u&d t.e 5(r%d $& 80 days e)e& t.(u<. a%% .$s 'r$e&ds t.$&* $t $s $mp(ss$b%e t( be d(&e . A)art *rom that& .e sa)es /(uda 'r(m t.e ba&d$ts $& t.e =u&<%e (' I&d$a" #inally& .e bra)es .$mse%' t( '$&d a&d sa)e .$s %(ya% but%er Passepart(ut a'ter t.e tra$& atta>*" <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. 6>7 MESS/GE: MOR/L V/LUE: LESSON LE/RNT i. we must be determined in life. ii. we must be brave in life. iii. we must be courageous in life < choose !round the ,orld in D0 Ea)s b) Fules Gerne. %he message portra)ed in this stor) is we must be determined in life. %hrough m) observation0 this message is clearl) demonstrated through the main character *r Fogg. %his can be depicted when .e tra)e%s ar(u&d t.e

5(r%d $& 80 days e)e& t.(u<. a%% .$s 'r$e&ds t.$&* $t $s $mp(ss$b%e t( be d(&e" A)art *rom that& .e sa)es /(uda 'r(m t.e ba&d$ts $& t.e =u&<%e (' I&d$a. #inally& .e bra)es .$mse%' t( '$&d a&d sa)e .$s %(ya% but%er Passepart(ut a'ter t.e tra$& atta>*. <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. 6d7 EVENT < choose !round the ,orld in D0 Ea)s b) Fules Gerne. %he event that < thin+ is important in this novel is when !r "ogg wins the wager of #$0,000 and marries Aouda. < li+e this event for a few reasons. First and foremost0 < li+e it because it is a moment of joy. 8e gets the mone) and marries the woman he loves. 'econdl) , he does not be ome poor. <f he loses the mone) 0 he will become a poor man. Finall)0 with the money he wins, he an give his wife a good life. <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. 6e7 ENDING < choose !round the ,orld in D0 Ea)s b) Fules Gerne. < li+e the e&d$&< of this novel0 !r "ogg wins the wager of #$0,000 and marries Aouda. < li+e this ending for a few reasons. First and foremost0 < li+e it because it is a happy ending. 8e gets the mone) and marries the woman he loves. 'econdl)0 he does not be ome poor. <f he loses the mone)0 he will become a poor man. Finall)0 with the money he wins, he an give his wife a good life. <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. !"8 Stude&t?s 9a&d(uts $a( C8!.!C%E. @. %he Novel 2. %he !uthor 3. %he Character H. .eason @ . .eason 2 ;. .eason 3

< choose IIII+IIIIIIIb) ,,,,-,,,, %he character whom < li+e in this stor) is ,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,. < li+e him for a few reasons. First and foremost0 he is a determined person. 8e is determined %%%%%%%%%%%%%&%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 'econdl)0 < admire him because he is brave. 8e is brave enough toIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII. #inally& ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. $ b( %8E*E $EE%E.*<N!%<ON 3 #.!GE.2 3 CO1.!4E( @. determination 3braver) 3 courage 2. Evidence @ 3. Evidence 2 H. Evidence 3 < choose !round the ,orld in D0 Ea)s b) Fules Gerne. %he theme portra)ed in this stor) is IIIIIII@IIIIIIII. %hrough m) observation0 this theme is clearl) demonstrated through the main character *r Fogg. %his can be depicted when IIIIIIIIIIII2IIIIIIIIIIII. A)art *rom that& @@@@@@@@@@!@@@@@@@@@"#inally& ,,,,,,,,,,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,. <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. $c( *E''!4E3 *O.!J G!J1E3 JE''ON JE!.N% @. we must be determined in life3we must be brave in life3we must be courageous in life. 2. Evidence @. 3. Evidence 2. H. Evidence 3. < choose !round the ,orld in D0 Ea)s b) Fules Gerne. %he message portra)ed in this stor) is %%%%%%%%%%'%%%%%%%%%. %hrough m) observation0 this message is clearl) demonstrated through the main character *r Fogg. %his can be depicted when@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@2@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ A)art *rom that& @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@. #inally& @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@#@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"

<n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. $d( EGEN% @. .eason @ 2. .eason 2 3. .eason 3 < choose !round the ,orld in D0 Ea)s b) Fules Gerne. %he event that < thin+ is important in this novel is !r "ogg wins the wager of #$0,000 and marries Aouda. < li+e this event for a few reasons. First and foremost0 < li+e it because %%%%%%%%%%%%'%%%%%%%%%%%%. 8e gets the mone) and marries the woman he loves. 'econdl),.IIIIIIIIIIIIIII2IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII <f he loses the mone) 0 he will become a poor man. Finall)0 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII3IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII. < believe the) will be happ) together. <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. $e( ENE<N4 @. .eason @ 2. .eason 2 3. .eason 3 < choose !round the ,orld in D0 Ea)s b) Fules Gerne. < li+e the e&d$&< of this novel0 !r "ogg wins the wager of #$0,000 and marries Aouda. < li+e this ending for a few reasons. First and foremost0 < li+e it because %%%%%%%%%%%%%$%%%%%%%%%%. 8e gets the mone) and marries the woman he loves. 'econdl)0 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%(%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%. <f he loses the mone) 0 he will become a poor man. Finall)0IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII. < believe the) will be happ) together. <n a nutshell0 < have learnt a lot from the novel and < reall) enCo) reading the novel. E2E *OE1JE 20@2 / F!#!%!N BEJ!F!.!N '!#!8

%uesda)0 'eptember @D0 20@2 B*. '1**!.2 41<EEJ<NE' / E2E *OE1JE 'EC%<ON H '1**!.2

H.@ 4uidelines for 'ummar) i. Candidates are required to stud) the te"t given carefull) and then summari7e a passage of about @D0 words in length. ii. Candidates are required to write not more than ;0 words0 including the ten words given. iii. Candidates are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this question. iv. %his question carries @0 mar+s.

H.2 %ips/ #efore0 ,hile and !fter E"am #efore E"am $%eacher and students( i. %ell the students that summar) is the bonus part/eas) to score. ii. !s+ the students to read more boo+s0 +eep a vocabular) boo+ or Cournal. iii. %each them Eegrees of Baraphrasing. iv. Eo more e"ercises.

,hile E"am $'tudents( i. .ead for a purpose /loo+ at the question /+e) words0 normall) in bold ii. .ead the passage iii. 1nderline the points iv. @st draft v. .ewrite vi. <ndicate the number of words. vii. 1se grid bo"es

!fter E"am $%eacher(

i. %eacher indicates all errors but don6t penali7e too much on language errors. ii. Count and indicate the ;0th word with a slash.

H.3 8ow to 'core #etter in the Janguage 'ection i( 1se 'entence connectors3 ConCunctionK First 0Ne"t 0%hen 0 Finall)

ii( .ephrasing $.B( O.<4<N!J %EA% %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$.B( 8e received a warm reception from the ta"i driver. iii( .eorganising $.O( O.<4<N!J %EA% %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$.O( 8e was welcomed with a warm smile b) the ta"i driver. or ,ith a warm smile0 the ta"i driver welcomed him.

iv( 'ingle/,ord 'ubstitution $',(

O.<4<N!J %EA% %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$',( %he ta"i driver welcomed me with a warm smile. or %he cab driver greeted me with a warm smile.

Note- <f the candidate is too wea+0 Cust do lifting.

v( Jifting $J(

O.<4<N!J %EA% %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$J( %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$,holesale cop)ing from the original te"t. No attempt to paraphrase the original te"t(

H.H !ctual B*. 'ummar) =uestions

'ummar) te"t 200L : 20@@ $actual B*.(

2ear 'timulus 3 te"t t)pe %as+ 200L 'peech 8ow open burning affects us 20@0 Eiar) entr) 'ome of the interesting things the) did and saw there 20@@ !rticle 8ow the newspaper can be a useful tool to students

'ummar) 200L ! ver) good morning to the principal0 teachers and friends. <n conCunction with ,orld Environment Ea)0 < would li+e to highlight an issue which requires our attention/Open #urning. Eo )ou +now that open burning effects us greatl)M 2ou would be surprised to +now that itis an activit) that greatl) pollutes the environment. %his pollution happens when open burning releases high level of to"ic gases into the atmosphere li+e carbon mono"ide0 carbon dio"ide and h)drogen. #esides contaminating the atmosphere0 these gases also contribute to the greenhouse effect which leads to global warming. *eanwhile0 the ash that is a b)/product of open burning is usuall) the main cause of ha7e. On certain da)s when the !ir Bollution <nde" or !B< is high0 vision can be impairedN and this could lead to accidents and other mishapsN. Beople would also be generall) affected b) this irresponsible activit). 'ome ma) be affected b) respirator) problems and breathing difficulties. ,ith high contaminants in the air0 some ma) also suffer from irritation to the e)es0 nose and throat. *eanwhile0 certain people ma) face serious medical conditions li+e asthmatic attac+s which could be fatal. Open burning can also cause other ailments li+e headaches0 fatigue0 nausea0 vomiting and frighteningl)0 the life/threatening cancer. 'o0 do refrain from open burning. 'top before it is too lateO %han+ )ou.

Nimpaired : wea+ened or damaged Nmishaps : unluc+) accidents

,rite a summar) on how open burning affects us.

2our summar) must not are more than ;0 words0 including the @0 words given below. be in continuous writing $not note form( be written in one paragraph

1se )our own words as far as possible without changing its original meaning. #egin )our summar) as follows,e should avoid from carr)ing out open burning because it P B*. 200L : paragraph 20 line ,e should avoid from carr)ing out open burning because it pollutes the environment.

,e should avoid from carr)ing out open burning because it $@0 w(3 pollutes the environment b) releasing high levels of to"ic gases into the atmosphere. <t contributes to the greenhouse effect which leads to global warming. Furthermore0 the ash that is a b)/product is one of the main causes of ha7e. Open burning ma) bring about respirator) problems and breathing difficulties. $ L w(

'ummar) 20@0

Eear diar)0 < had a fantastic time during the school holida)s. !fter receiving his bonus0 Ead too+ us to Ja)ang/Ja)ang !toll0 a beautiful coral island0 situated north of 'abah.

,e chec+ed into the holida) resort late that evening. %hen0 we immediatel) rushed out to witness the breathta+ing sunset. !fter dinner0 we went earl) to bed0 loo+ing forward to the activities we were going to do the ne"t morning.

.ising earl)0 we went snor+eling in the cool0 clear waters off the island. %he scene before us was colourful and ama7ing. %he live corals floated along with the movements of the current and we saw a wonderful variet) of fish. !mong them were puffer fish0 clown fish and angel fish. %he ne"t da)0 we had another wonderful e"perience. ,e went scuba/diving under the supervision of an e"pert. < was glad to be close to nature. < than+ed 4od for giving me this wonderful opportunit). On our last night0 we sta)ed awa+e till the wee hours of the morning. <t was because we were enCo)ing a fine barbecue b) the seaside with fish that we had caught from the sea.

<t was certainl) a memorable holida). Nisha Nisha and her famil) enCo)ed themselves at Ja)ang/Ja)ang !toll. ,rite a summar) on some of the interesting things the) did and saw there. 2our summar) must not be more than ;0 words0 including the @0 words given below. be in continuous writing $not note form( be written in one paragraph

1se )our own words as far as possible without changing its original meaning. #egin )our summar) as follows-

1pon chec+ing into the holida) resort0 Nisha and her famil)P

B*. 20@0 : paragraph 20 line 1pon chec+ing into the holida) resort0 Nisha and her famil) witnessed the breathta+ing sunset.

1pon chec+ing into the holida) resort0 Nisha and her famil) $@0w(3 <mmediatel) rushed off to see the breathta+ing sunset. Earl) in the morning0 the) went snor+elling and saw a colourful and ama7ing scener). %he ne"t da)0 the) went scuba/diving and enCo)ed being close to nature. On the last night0 the) enCo)ed a delicious barbeque till the earl) 8ours of the morning. $;0 w(

'ummar) 20@@ %he newspaper is an e"tremel) useful learning tool to students toda). #esides being easil) available and affordable0 it offers them numerous benefits. ! surve) carried out on the benefits of the newspaper clearl) shows that students who read the newspaper have a better understanding of the world around them. %his is because the) are better informed of the current issues happening around the world. 8ence0 the) become more +nowledgeable. !s language proficienc) seems to be a problem amongst students these da)s0 reading the newspaper also helps them improve their language s+ills. !s such0 the) are able to put into practice what the) have learnt. *eanwhile0 once outside the classroom0 students can use the newspaper to be a continuous source of education and information. For e"ample0 it can be used to obtain reference material or ideas for their school assignments. %he newspaper toda) also motivates students to learn because it contains educational supplements that help them with their lessons. #esides0 the) also encourage students to develop their thin+ing s+ills through e"tensive reading. <t is without doubt that the newspaper is beneficial to the students. !s such0 we should encourage them to read the newspaper ever) da).

,rite a summar) on how the newspaper can be a useful tool to students. 2our summar) must not be more than ;0 words0 including the @0 words given below. be in continuous writing $not note form( be written in one paragraph

1se )our own words as far as possible without changing its original meaning. #egin )our summar) as follows%he newspaper is a useful tool that helps students to P

B*. 20@@/ Baragraph 20 line 2 %he newspaper is a useful tool that helps students to have better understanding of the world around them.

%he newspaper is a useful tool that helps students to$@0w( 3 have better understanding of the world around them. %hus0 the) become well informed of the current issues. <t helps students to improve their language s+ills and <s a continuous source of information and education. <t contains educational supplements that help to encourage and develop thin+ing s+ills among students. C.EE<%' %O /B*. $E2E( / F!#!%!N BEJ!F!.!N NE4E.< '!#!8. 'aturda)0 'eptember @ 0 20@2 B*. E<.EC%EE ,.<%<N4 - .EBO.% 2our school librar) is in a bad state and man) of the students have been complaining about it. !s the 'ecretar) of )our school6s .eading Club0 )ou have been as+ed to write a report to the Brincipal to inform him about the problem and to suggest solutions.

<nclude the following points in )our reportQ old boo+s boo+s in poor conditions Q insufficient chairs and tables Q media equipment is not functioning Q inefficient and la7) librarian

2ou should elaborate on the points given and add an) further points of )our own. ,hen writing )our report )ou should rememberQ that )ou are writing to )our Brincipal. Q to address him properl) Q to sign off correctl)

Comment2ou have to write a report0 addressed to the Brincipal. *a+e sure )ou include all the points provided0 elaborating on them through details0 e"amples0 e"planations or related points. 2ou can touch briefl) on the improvements that )ou would li+e to see0 but as it was not specified in the question0 )ou should not stress on them. Note that the word limit was not mentioned so )ou are free to add in more material so as to gain the ma"imum mar+s that have been allocated for )our points. %he language used must be formal. #e sure not to use slang0 contractions or conversational forms.

'ample !nswer-

%o- %he Brincipal0 '*R Banglima #u+it 4antang0 Rerian0 Bera+

Boor Conditions and 'ervices of the 'chool Jibrar) < am writing this report to draw )our attention to the poor conditions and services of our school librar). Firstl)0 the collection of librar) boo+s needs to be e"panded and improved upon. *an) of the boo+s are so old that the) are out of/date and in poor condition0 with torn or missing pages.

'econdl)0 the seating arrangements are inadequate. Onl) @2 chairs have been provided in our librar) for a school of more than 200 students. Furthermore0 man) of the chairs and tables are ric+et) and the tabletops are all so deepl) scratched that it is difficult to write on them. <t would also be much more conducive to readers if some eas) chairs were provided0 so pupils will able to rela" while reading. %hirdl)0 the media equipment in the librar) is not functioning. !s far as < +now0 it has been out/of/order since Fanuar) last )ear and has not been repaired since then. Finall) the school librarians arc rude and unhelpful. %o quote Cust one e"ample0 when as+ed for help in finding a boo+0 one librarian responded0 SFind it )ourself. Eo )ou thin+ < am )our motherMT 'urel)0 librarians should be more willing to assist the students. One of the obCectives of our club is to encourage reading among the students of the school. !s we realise that man) of the students will have little access to good reading material apart from the school librar) we hope that the conditions in our librar) can be improved.

PPPPPPP.. $Noor !ishah bt *ohamad .asol( 'ecretar) 'chool .eading Club

B*. - E<.EC%EE ,.<%<N4

=uestion @

2ou are the 'ecretar) of the Cleanliness Club in )our school. %he Club had a meeting and members have decided to write a report for the principal regarding the cleanliness of the school canteen. !s the 'ecretar) to the club0 )ou have been as+ed to write the report.

<nclude the following points in )our report-

K Eirt) plates and plastic glasses used

K <n sufficient number of rubbish bins around the canteen area

K Not enough benches and chairs for the students to sit on

K Not enough food to cater for the students during recess

K Eirt) +itchen area

K Clogged drains surrounding the canteen

.emember to-

K 4ive )our report a title

K 1se all the points given

K ,rite in paragraphs

=uestion 2

2ou are the Bresident of the %aman *egah .esidents !ssociaton. 2our current concern is the increase in dengue cases among the residents in )our area. ,rite a letter of complaint to the Bresident of the %own Council

<nclude the following points in )our letter-

K Clogged drains surrounding )our area

K <rregular rubbish collection/empt) cans scattered or e"posed0 collect water/ breeding ground for !edes

K No house visits b) 8ealth Enforcement Officers to chec+ residents6 homes

K No fogging activit) conducted b) health inspectors

K 4rass uncut in the field

K Gacant land ne"t to the area has become dumping ground filled with old t)res

.emember to-

K 1se the correct format to write the letter

K 1se all the points given

=uestion 3

2ou read a letter to the editor in a local newspaper where the writer is against stud)ing for '%B* and finds it a waste of time. 2ou disagree with the writer. ,rite a letter to the editor to state )our views.

<nclude the following notes-

K opportunit) to appl) to local public universities

K local private colleges and universities

K degree programmes

K professional courses

K stud) abroad

K an academic qualification that prepares one to pursue tertiar) education

K do not have to ta+e foundation courses

2ou should use all the points given below. ,hen writing a letter )ou should remember-

K to give a suitable title

K that )our reader are mainl) students

K to include all the points given

K to write in paragraphs

=uestion H

2ou are ta+ing part in a public spea+ing contest. %he topic of )our speech is SReeping the Environment Clean6. ,rite out )our speech based on the notes below.

<nclude the following points-

K do not litter

K use rubbish bins that are provided

K no open burning

K use public transport

K wal+ or c)cle K reuse paper and plastic

K +eep rivers clean : no dumping

K plant more trees

K organi7e campaigns to raise awareness

K be a good friend to the Earth

2ou should use all the points given above. ,hen writing out the speech0 )ou should remember to-

K address )our audience

K include an appropriate introduction and conclusion

K use an appropriate tone

K than+ the audience

=uestion

2ou are the Bresident of the Counselling Club in )our school. 2ou attended a seminar on how to prepare for e"aminations. 2our advisor has as+ed )ou to share the information. 2ou have to give a tal+ during the ne"t club meeting

<nclude the following points in )our tal+-

K Eo not pla) truant

K !ttend class regularl)

K Ba) attention in class

K *a+e )our own notes

K Brepare a stud) time/table

K 4roup stud) is a good option

K 8ave enough sleep before the e"amination

2ou should remember to-

K give )our tal+ a title

K use all the points

K write in paragraphs

=uestion ;

2ou are concerned about the increasing rate of accidents in *ala)sia. ,rite a letter to the editor of a newspaper to suggest wa)s to reduce the number of accidents.

<n )our letter0 include the following-

K motorc)clists must wear helmets

K the strap of the helmets must be fastened properl)

K chec+ if all lights are functioning

K motorists must service their vehicles

K ma+e sure vehicle t)res are road worth)

K do not speed

K use the pedestrian crossing

K use the overhead bridge

2ou should remember to-

K write in the correct format

K write in paragraphs

K add )our own details to ma+e )our letter interesting

=uestion >

2ou are the Bresident of the Nature Club in )our school. 2our club has organi7ed several activities in conCunction with ,orld Environment Ea). !s the Club6s Bresident0 )ou have been as+ed to give a speech about air pollution and what students can do to help lower levels of pollution. 2ou can use the tips given below to help )ou.

Cause of air pollution *easures to reduce pollution

K smog

K e"haust fumes from vehicles

K open burning

K fossil fumes K car pooling

K using public transportation

K do not do open burning

K rec)cle

K do not use aerosol spra)s

2ou should use all the points given above. ,hen writing out the speech0 )ou should remember to-

K address )our audience

K include an appropriate introduction and conclusion

K use an appropriate tone

than+ the audience

=uestion D

Nowada)s0 parents do not spend enough time with their children. 2ou want to ma+e suggestions on how parents can spend qualit) time with their children. ,rite an article for a local newsletter and give )our suggestions.

<nclude the following points-

Broblems-

K Barents are too bus) wor+ing or ma+ing mone)

K No time for children

K ,or+ long hours

K Not enough communication

K %oo tired to interact with children

K Children feel neglected

K Jead to man) social problems or delinquenc)

K Children mi" with bad compan)

'uggestions-

K Barents should spend qualit) time with children

K 'how love0 care and concern

K Blan meaningful activities to do together

K 4ive guidance0 advice and religious teaching

K Need to pla)0 have fun0 be happ) travel and have meals together

8ope for-

K 8appier or more loving families

K #etter famil) relationships

K Jess social problems among children

K *ore love and respect between parents and children

K !dvantages for ever)one and countr)

2ou should use all the points given above.

,hen writing the article0 )ou should remember to-

 write a suitable title

include all the points given

write in the format of an article

write )our name

=uestion L

*an) students feel that the) have too man) things to do in one da). *an) of them reall) do not manage their time wisel) and end up not completing their homewor+ or school proCects on time. 2ou want to ma+e a few suggestions on how the) can manage their time in a better and more effective wa).

,rite an article for )our school maga7ine and give )our suggestions. <nclude the following points-

Broblems-

K 'tudents too bus) U school wor+0 homewor+0 proCects0 assignments and tuition classes

K Not enough time to complete wor+ on time

K %oo tired

K Feel stressed0 otten lead to frustration

K %oo much time pla)ing computer games or loafing

K Jag behind in their studies

'uggestions-

K Ba) attention in class

K %r) to complete as much homewor+ as possible during school hours

K *a+e a V%o do6 list

K Need to plan time or prepare a timetable for after/school activities such as completing homewor+0 tuition classes0 revising lessons0 e"tra/curricular activities or spending time with friends

K *a+e time for rest and rela"ation

K Foin stud) groups

K 'ee+ help from parents0 teachers or peers

K 'pea+ to a school counsellor or peer counsellor if necessar)

Bossible results-

K 4et wor+ completed on time

K .educe stress and frustration

K Bromote positive attitude towards school life and social life

K %ime spent wisel)

K Feel happier and healthier U ph)sicall) and mentall)

2ou should use all the points given above.

,hen writing the article0 )ou should remember to-

include the title

include all the points given

write in the format of an article

write )our name

=uestion @0

%he Nature Club of )our school is in charge of the W'chool <n ! 4ardenW proCect. !s the secretar)0 write a report to the principal on the activities carried out b) )our club throughout the )ear.

<nclude the following points -

!ctivities

/ tree planting campaign

/ trimming and shaping trees

/ planting grass

/ roc+ garden and waterfalls

/ education trip

/ herb garden

/ painting murals

/ labelling plants and trees

/ h)droponic garden

/ flower beds

/ cleanliness campaign

/ maintaning fish ponds

/ tal+

/ WEonate ! BlantW campaign

2ou should use all the points given above. ,hen writing the report0 remember -

/ %o address it to the principal

/ that this is a formal report and should be written as such

/ to give it a suitable heading or title

/ to include all the points given

=uestion @@

2ou are the Bresident of the Environment Club for )our school. .ecentl)0 )our club had organi7ed a programme called SJets .ec)cleT. ,rite a report to )our teacher advisor regarding the programme.

<nclude the following points-

K %ime and date of the programme

K Burpose of the programme

K Jocation of the programme

K Number of students and teachers involved

K %wo preparations done b) the committee members

K %hree t)pes of activities

K %hree benefits of the programme

,hen writing )our report0 )ou should remember to-

K use the correct format

K include all the points given and elaborate on them

K add elaborations and details of )our own

=uestion @2

2ou are the head prefect of )our school. 2our school principal is going to retire. ,rite a farewell speech for )our beloved school principal.

<nclude the following points-

K the purpose of the speech

K the principal6s number of )ears of service

K school taught

K principal6s biodata

K contributions b) the principal

K the principal6s popularit)

K how ever)one will miss the principal

,hen writing the speech0 )ou should remember to-

K use the correct format

K include all the points given and elaborate on them

K add elaborations or details of )our own

http-33ipsiD;umL;.blogspot.com3

B*. - E<.EC%EE ,.<%<N4 -'!*BJE E''!2'

'*R Ra)u Fati6s Fund/.aising Carnival

%he 30th Fune0 which happened to be warm and sunn) 'unda) morning0 saw the field of '*R Ra)u Fati as a hive of activities. On a da) when ever)one else was resting at home0 glued to their television sets0 the students of this school and their parents had sacrificed their beaut) sleep to be in school b) si"/thirt). .easonM %he) were there to help out with the one/da) carnival Cointl) organi7ed b) the school authorities and the Barent/%eacher !ssociation.

%he idea for the carnival was mooted b) our beloved Brincipal0 Buan 8aCah 'ri !smida 'aadon 0 to raise funds for several proCects. %he school hopes to use the mone) collected to help need) students pa) their tuition fees. %he mone) will also be used to help sponsor twent) students who come from single parent homes. Other than that0 the mone) will also be used to bu) new boo+s for the school librar) as the e"isting boo+s are torn and tattered. 'ome reference boo+s are outdated while the fiction boo+s are from our parents6 era.

%he parents and teachers had set up stalls offering a variet) of mouth/watering dishes. Bn. .u7i Ji)ana0 the senior assistant0 could be seeing slaving over a barbeque pit0 fanning stic+s of chic+en sata) and fran+furters. Not to be outdone was the chairman of the B%!0 %uan 8aCi Nasoha. %ogether with a few teachers and parents0 he could be seen serving his endless streams of customers a variet) of ice/blended drin+s. Other popular stalls included Bn. 8ida)ah6s VN)on)a Fare6 and *r. ,ee6s V#oll)wood Cuisine6. < found out that the teachers and parents had slaved hard from three a.m. to prepare the food at home. Fudging from the crowd0 < can safel) sa) that man) of our teachers are good coo+s. *oreover0 all the food was sold out b) @ p.m. *an) visitors who came later were disgruntled but Buan 8aCah 'ri !smida saved the da). 'he had earlier made arrangements with the restaurants nearb) to suppl) food to the school should such situation occur.

%he games6 stall were handled b) the students themselves. %he 4host 8ouse was all/time favourite0 with tic+ets for the da) sold out b) @2 noon. *an) children could be seen tr)ing their hand on mini golf0 Vride a pon)6 and the numerous dart games which offered attractive pri7es to winners.

%he prefectorial #oard members had turned music deeCa)s for the event. For a mere 0 sen0 the) spun popular English0 *ala)0 Chinese and 8indi songs. .equests for dedications +Xept them bus) the whole da).

%he carnival was over b) H p.m. *ore than three thousand people had turned up to support our carnival. ! whooping .* 0 000 was raised. 'ome parents have suggested that the carnival be made an annual fare as it not onl) helps the school raise funds for useful proCects but also encourages co/operation among all parties involved. Jet6s hope that ne"t )ear6s carnival is even more successful and we can have a much/needed school hall.

.eported b)0

%halathi)ah Nawawi

'ome %ips on ,eight Joss and ,eight *anagement

%hese da)s0 man) teenagers are ver) concerned about their weight. *an) go on crash diets hoping to be transformed into models with svelte figures. 'ome0 who are alread) slim0 embar+ on such diets to become as s+inn) as Gictoria #ec+ham. %he seriousness with which teens tac+le weight issues is worr)ing as the methods the) use0 such as going on crash diets and consuming slimming pills0 are harmful. %his article is therefore written with the aim of giving sensible solutions to weight loss and weight management.

First0 one should alwa)s eat sensibl). One wa) to do this is to cut down on foods that are high in sugar and fats such as ca+es0 biscuits and fast food. 2ou should consume more fibre/rich foods as the) +eep )ou feeling full for a longer period of time. <nstead of eating white bread0 go for whole meal bread. !lso0 )ou should consume more vegetables and fruits0 especiall) green leaf) vegetables. #e selective of the fruits )ou eat and avoid those with a high sugar content. One important tip to help in weight management is to chew )our food slowl). %his wa) )ou will eat less. ,hen )ou eat in a rush0 )ou tend to eat more and the results will show on the scale.

2ou should never go on crash diets as the) are unhealth). One maCor reason for this is that )ou will gain bac+ the weight that )ou had lost. !t the end of it0 )ou might even be heavier than when )ou first started dieting. Crash diets ta+e a toll on )our bod). %his is detrimental especiall) to students. ,hen )ou deprive )our bod) of food0 )ou will feel ph)sicall) tired and mentall) sluggish an this will affect )our dail) activities and disrupt )our studies. .emember0 )our bod) needs nutrients in the right amounts to function efficientl).

!nother useful tip to reduce )our weight is to learn t recogni7e hunger pangs. ,henever )ou feel hungr)0 as+ )ourself whether )ou are reall) hungr). <n fact0 )ou might onl) be thirst). %his wa) )ou can cut down on unnecessar) calories b) drin+ing plain water instead of reaching for food.

Jastl) e"ercise regularl). No weight loss programme is effective without some form of e"ercise. E"ercise helps to burn calories and )ou continue burning calories for some time after finishing )our e"ercise routine. E"perts recommend that )ou e"ercise at least three times a wee+ for a minimum of thirt) minutes. %here are man) forms of e"ercise )ou can ta+e up0 the easiest of which is wal+ing.

.emember0 )our goal should be life/long weight management0 not Cust short term weight loss at the e"pense of )our health. *aintaning a health) lifest)le ta+es effort especiall) in a countr) which is a culinar) delight where people eat all the time. 2ou have to be disciplined if )ou want to achieve and maintain )our ideal bod) weight.

,ritten b)0

Nurul 8a7iqah NorCahan

http-33ipsiD;umL;.blogspot.com3

PMR 2 DIRE8TED -RITING 2S/MPLE ESS/;S ! Eirected ,riting- 'peech3%al+ 4ood *orning to the Brincipal0 teachers and students. < am 'iti Nur 8anisah bt *ohamad 2a7id0 the president of the 'chool 'afet) Club. %his morning0 < wish to tal+ to )ou about VBersonal 'afet) : %o0 From and <n 'chool6. .emember )ou will be safe when coming to school or returning from school if )ou move around in pairs or groups. %here is alwa)s safet) in numbers. ,hen )ou are in a group0 )ou will not be li+el) fall victim to criminals. <f )ou are alone0 it is safer to use the bus instead of the ta"i. %here are more people on the bus and )ou will be safe in compan).

<f )ou notice suspicious strangers an)where0 do not hesitate to report them to the school authorities. 2ou will be able to save )ourself or other )oung people from harm. !fter school0 do not loiter around. .eturn home immediatel) after school. 2our home is the safest place for )ou. <f )ou have to return home late0 use brightl) lit streets and avoid dar+0 lonel) lanes. *an) )oung people fall pre) to snatch thieves and rapists in lanes which are hardl) used. *ost importantl)0 if something crops up in school and )ou are forced to return home late0 inform )our parents. <n this wa) )our parents can be on the loo+out for )ou. %he school can also be a dangerous place if )ou do not ta+e necessar) precautions. <f )ou have to leave the classroom to visit the toilet or for an) reason0 as+ the teacher for permission. <f the teacher is not in class and )ou have to leave in an emergenc)0 inform a classmate before )ou get out of class. Jet at least one person +now of )our whereabouts. !nother important piece of advice to follow all rules0 regulations and instructions. %hese are safet) measures and if )ou follow them )ou will be safe. !lso avoid empt) classrooms and dar+ corners. Eanger alwa)s lur+s in these places. <f for some reason )our parents are late in pic+ing )ou up from school0 wait near the guardhouse. 2ou can be sure there will be people there at all times. < hope )ou are convinced that there are man) threats to )our personal safet). Eo pa) heed to all that < have told )ou and follow the steps < have outlined to )ou. .emember we want )ou to be safe at all times. %han+ )ou. Eirected ,riting- Jetter / .epl) 2our cousin has Cust been offered a place in Form ;. 8owever0 he has also been offered a factor) Cob at a monthl) salar) of .*D00. 8is famil) is not rich. 8e writes to )ou to as+ for )our opinion0 as he has alwa)s loved and respected )ou. ,rite a letter to him0 giving )our opinion. 2ou should base )our letter on the points given above0 adding an) other information or ideas of )our own. ,hen writing this letter0 )ou should remember thatQ )ou are writing to )our cousin0 who loves )ou Q )our cousin is worried Q )ou have to use the proper letter format Q )ou should write grammatical sentences .easons for Jeaving 'chool !fraid to fail Form ; .easons For Eoing Form ; Famil) can still afford to

Fob offer Famil) not ver) well off %ired of stud)ing 8(mme&t2

support him =uite a good student Opportunit) to enter universit) #etter Cob prospects with '%B*

Even though this is an informal letter0 )ou have to write full grammatical sentences. <nclude all the points given0 elaborating on them. 1se a warm tone and e"press love and concern. Samp%e /&s5er2 2@0Falan ''H3@>0 H>30@ Betaling Fa)a0 2 !B.<J 20@2. Eear <btisam0 <t is great to hear from )ou after such a long time. Blease send m) regards to )our famil). .egarding )our Cob offer0 < have thought about it and here are a few points < would li+e to add to )ours. !ccording to )ou0 there are two reasons for ta+ing up the Cob offer. Firstl)0 )ou famil) could use the e"tra income as )ou all are not ver) well off. 2ou could then contribute instead of being a burden to them. 'econdl)0 )ou stated that )ou were afraid of failing Form ;0 which is ac+nowledged b) some students as the hardest e"am in the world. <f )ou do fail0 )ou will have wasted two )ears in Form ;. Furthermore0 )ou are tired of stud)ing and decide that )ou want to start wor+ing. %here are0 however0 a few good reasons wh) )ou should continue )our studies. 2our famil) can actuall) still afford to support )ou as Form ; is not ver) e"pensive. #esides0 < am sure that )our father would li+e to see )ou complete )our studies as )ou have alwa)s been quite a good student. <f )ou do well in )our Form ;0 )ou will then be able to enter universit). %his will open up a lot of good Cob prospects for )ou. Even with Cust '%B* qualification0 )ou can still earn a higher wage. %his will eventuall) be worth more than )our two )ears6 wor+ing e"perience0 that is if )ou decide to start wor+ing now. %herefore0 in conclusion0 < would advise )ou to do form ; if )ou feel confident in )ourself and if )our famil) agrees to support )ou. <f )ou decide to go for it0 ma+e sure )ou do )our best.

2our cousin0 !mira Eirected ,riting- Jetter / .epl) Eear !ileen0 %han+ )ou for )our letter which < received two wee+s ago. < am glad to +now that )ou are in good health. <n )our letter0 )ou as+ed me to loo+ for a college which offers a computing course. ,ell0 < went around to several renowned colleges in Ruala Jumpur and as+ed for information on the computing courses offered. < also discussed the matter with several friends who are doing similar courses and the)0 too0 agree that )ou should ta+e up the Eiploma in Computing Course at 8ida)ah College. 8ida)ah College has a proven trac+/record. %he students from 8ida)ah College re highl) sought after as the) are +nowledgeable0 s+illed and reliable. *oreover0 the duration of this course is onl) @0 months. %his means )ou will be able to finish faster and Coin the wor+force much sooner. < +now this is important to )ou as )ou want to lighten )our parents6 burden0 more so since )our father is going to retire soon. Furthermore0 the college promises that )ou will get a Cob once )ou complete the course. !nother reason wh) )ou should ta+e up the course at this college is the low fee if .* 3 00 which is pa)able in two installments. %he other colleges charge between .m 000/ .m D 000 for similar courses and the pa)ments must be made upon enrolment. < +now that )ou would definitel) prefer to pa) in two installments so as not to ta" )our parents too much. <n addition0 8ida)ah College is well/equipped. %he lecture rooms are air/ conditioned and the librar) is well/equipped. 2ou will be able to stud) in comfort and need not go to other libraries to source for reference materials. *oreover0 the lecturers are e"perienced. *ost importantl)0 the college allows free use of computers. %his means that )ou need not bu) a computer and so )ou can cut down on e"penses. !nother wa) )ou can cut down on costs is b) sta)ing in the hostels provided b) the college. Jiving in Ruala Jumpur can be ver) difficult especiall) for those on a tight budget as food and housing costs are ver) e"pensive. %he college charges reasonable rates for the hostel and < +now that )ou can get cheap food in that vicinit). Finall)0 the college promises scholarships to its top students who wish to pursue a degree course. ,ith )our diligence and determination0 < am sure that )ou will be one of the recipients of this scholarship award. < have no doubts that this college is suitable for )ou. <f )ou need more information0 please do not hesitate to call. %ill < hear from )ou0 ta+e care 2our friend

!nuar *ahalil Eirected ,riting- Jetter to the editor Ni7am !d7har bin Chalmen0 3; Falan %.@ 3330 %aman Fa7reena0 H @00 Bernas %he Editor *orning 'tar0 23 Falan <man0 H @00 BE.N!' @H Februar) 20@2 Eear *adam0 Bro"imit) of 'hopping Comple" to school < wish to e"press m) concerns regarding the location of the mega shopping comple" that is ta+ing shape around '*R %asi+ Fa7reena. '*R %asi+ Fa7reena is a good school and the discipline of the students is ver) good. 8owever0 things ma) change soon. 2. < believe that truanc) is going to be a maCor problem because the shooping comple" is less than @00 metres from the entrance of the school. 'tudents are going to be attracted to the e"citing activities happening at the shopping comple". %he) will start missing classes. 3. 'tudents will also waste a lot of time loitering < the shopping comple". Even if the) do not miss school0 the) will go there after school instead of going home or to e"tra/curricular activities. H. !nother social problem that will be created is that of )oung students mi"ing with bad compan). ,e +now that man) drug pushers0 addicts and gangsters0 hang out at shopping comple"es0 waiting for victims. <nnocent teenagers ma) start mi"ing with bad compan) and get involved in unhealth) habits or even criminal activities. . ! disadvantage of having a shopping comple" so close to the school is that children will be attracted to it and get into the habit of frequenting the shops. Barents ma) not be able to control their children6s spending. ;. !nother problem that ma) arise is the disruption of teaching and learning. %he loud music and promotional activities that are held frequentl) in shopping malls will infiltrate the school and capture the attention of the )oung and impressionable students.

>. Finall)0 the roads around '*R %asi+ Fa7reena are going to be congested. !s it is now0 there is alread) traffic congestion before and after school hours. ,ith the opening of the comple"0 the volume of traffic is definitel) going to increase. %hese are some of the problems that we0 the teachers and students of '*R %asi+ Fa7reena0 anticipate. < hope the authorities concerned will ta+e appropriate steps to overcome the problems mentioned. %han+ )ou. $Ni7am !d7har bin Chalmen( Eirected ,riting- Jetter of Complaint Chia *eng 8ui0 '*R Ra)u !ra Basong0 D20@0 Bontian0 Fohor. En .amlan bin Barmin0 Brincipal0 '*R Ra)u !ra Basong0 D20@0 Bontian0 FO8O. 2> *arch 20@2 Eear 'ir0 Boor =ualit) of Food and 'ervices at 'chool Canteen !s 8ead of the Canteen Brefects0 < wish to complain about the poor qualit) of food and services b) our school canteen. 2. First of all0 there are several complaints about the lac+ of variet) in food. %he menu is the same ever) da). !s a result0 students get bored of the same food. 'tudents also sa) that the food served is tasteless and cold. Food should be coo+ed and served piping hot. <n addition0 the food sold is unhealth). !t times it is oil) and at other times it is too salt). <n the long run our health will suffer as we ma) end up with high blood pressure or high cholesterol. 'omething needs to be done about this situation. 3. < have also noticed that the food prepared is unh)gienic conditions. *ost of the time coo+ed food is left uncovered and the vegetables are washed on the dirt) floor. .ecentl) man) students have fallen ill with food poisoning. H. =uite often the cutler)0 that the wor+ers sa) has been washed0 is oil). %his simpl) proves that the cutler) is not washed properl).

. 'everal students have complained that the canteen wor+ers are rude. %he) bar+ at the students for no rh)me or reason. <n addition0 the wor+ers are careless when returning the change. 'tudents are often short/changed. %his must stop. ;. !nother criticism < have against the wor+ers is that the) are not properl) dressed. ,hen handling food0 wor+ers are required to wear aprons0 caps and gloves to ensure cleanliness is maintained at all times. ,e hope that the school administration will attend to our complaints and ta+e necessar) action a soon as possible. %han+ )ou. 2ours faithfull) $Chia *eng 8ui(

Tuesday, September 18, 2012 PMR SUMM/R; GUIDELINES 'EC%<ON H '1**!.2 H.@ 4uidelines for 'ummar) i. Candidates are required to stud) the te"t given carefull) and then summari7e a passage of about @D0 words in length. ii. Candidates are required to write not more than ;0 words0 including the ten words given. iii. Candidates are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this question. iv. %his question carries @0 mar+s. E2D MODULE

H.2 %ips/ #efore0 ,hile and !fter E"am #efore E"am $%eacher and students( i. %ell the students that summar) is the bonus part/eas) to score. ii. !s+ the students to read more boo+s0 +eep a vocabular) boo+ or Cournal. iii. %each them Eegrees of Baraphrasing. iv. Eo more e"ercises.

,hile E"am $'tudents( i. .ead for a purpose /loo+ at the question /+e) words0 normall) in bold ii. .ead the passage iii. 1nderline the points iv. @st draft v. .ewrite vi. <ndicate the number of words. vii. 1se grid bo"es

!fter E"am $%eacher( i. %eacher indicates all errors but don6t penali7e too much on language errors. ii. Count and indicate the ;0th word with a slash.

H.3 8ow to 'core #etter in the Janguage 'ection i( 1se 'entence connectors3 ConCunctionK First 0Ne"t 0%hen 0 Finall)

ii( .ephrasing $.B(

O.<4<N!J %EA%

%he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$.B( 8e received a warm reception from the ta"i driver. iii( .eorganising $.O(

O.<4<N!J %EA% %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$.O( 8e was welcomed with a warm smile b) the ta"i driver. or ,ith a warm smile0 the ta"i driver welcomed him.

iv( 'ingle/,ord 'ubstitution $',(

O.<4<N!J %EA% %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$',( %he ta"i driver welcomed me with a warm smile. or %he cab driver greeted me with a warm smile.

Note- <f the candidate is too wea+0 Cust do lifting.

v( Jifting $J(

O.<4<N!J %EA% %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$J( %he ta"i driver greeted him with a warm smile.

$,holesale cop)ing from the original te"t. No attempt to paraphrase the original te"t(

H.H !ctual B*. 'ummar) =uestions

'ummar) te"t 200L : 20@@ $actual B*.( 2ear 'timulus 3 te"t t)pe %as+ 200L 'peech 8ow open burning affects us 20@0 Eiar) entr) 'ome of the interesting things the) did and saw there 20@@ !rticle 8ow the newspaper can be a useful tool to students

'ummar) 200L

! ver) good morning to the principal0 teachers and friends. <n conCunction with ,orld Environment Ea)0 < would li+e to highlight an issue which requires our attention/Open #urning. Eo )ou +now that open burning effects us greatl)M 2ou would be surprised to +now that itis an activit) that greatl) pollutes the environment. %his pollution happens when open burning releases high level of to"ic gases into the atmosphere li+e carbon mono"ide0 carbon dio"ide and h)drogen.

#esides contaminating the atmosphere0 these gases also contribute to the greenhouse effect which leads to global warming. *eanwhile0 the ash that is a b)/product of open burning is usuall) the main cause of ha7e. On certain da)s when the !ir Bollution <nde" or !B< is high0 vision can be impairedN and this could lead to accidents and other mishapsN. Beople would also be generall) affected b) this irresponsible activit). 'ome ma) be affected b) respirator) problems and breathing difficulties. ,ith high contaminants in the air0 some ma) also suffer from irritation to the e)es0 nose and throat. *eanwhile0 certain people ma) face serious medical conditions li+e asthmatic attac+s which could be fatal. Open burning can also cause other ailments li+e headaches0 fatigue0 nausea0 vomiting and frighteningl)0 the life/threatening cancer. 'o0 do refrain from open burning. 'top before it is too lateO %han+ )ou.

Nimpaired : wea+ened or damaged Nmishaps : unluc+) accidents

,rite a summar) on how open burning affects us.

2our summar) mustnot are more than ;0 words0 including the @0 words given below. be in continuous writing $not note form( be written in one paragraph

1se )our own words as far as possible without changing its original meaning. #egin )our summar) as follows,e should avoid from carr)ing out open burning because it P B*. 200L : paragraph 20 line ,e should avoid from carr)ing out open burning because it pollutes the environment.

,e should avoid from carr)ing out open burning because it $@0 w(3 pollutes the environment b) releasing high levels of to"ic gases into the atmosphere. <t contributes to the greenhouse effect which leads to global warming. Furthermore0 the ash that is a b)/product is one of the main causes of ha7e. Open burning ma) bring about respirator) problems and breathing difficulties.

$ L w(

'ummar) 20@0

Eear diar)0 < had a fantastic time during the school holida)s. !fter receiving his bonus0 Ead too+ us to Ja)ang/Ja)ang !toll0 a beautiful coral island0 situated north of 'abah.

,e chec+ed into the holida) resort late that evening. %hen0 we immediatel) rushed out to witness the breathta+ing sunset. !fter dinner0 we went earl) to bed0 loo+ing forward to the activities we were going to do the ne"t morning.

.ising earl)0 we went snor+eling in the cool0 clear waters off the island. %he scene before us was colourful and ama7ing. %he live corals floated along with the movements of the current and we saw a wonderful variet) of fish. !mong them were puffer fish0 clown fish and angel fish.

%he ne"t da)0 we had another wonderful e"perience. ,e went scuba/diving under the supervision of an e"pert. < was glad to be close to nature. < than+ed 4od for giving me this wonderful opportunit).

On our last night0 we sta)ed awa+e till the wee hours of the morning. <t was because we were enCo)ing a fine barbecue b) the seaside with fish that we had caught from the sea.

<t was certainl) a memorable holida). Nisha Nisha and her famil) enCo)ed themselves at Ja)ang/Ja)ang !toll. ,rite a summar) on some of the interesting things the) did and saw there. 2our summar) mustnot be more than ;0 words0 including the @0 words given below. be in continuous writing $not note form( be written in one paragraph

1se )our own words as far as possible without changing its original meaning. #egin )our summar) as follows1pon chec+ing into the holida) resort0 Nisha and her famil)P

B*. 20@0 : paragraph 20 line 1pon chec+ing into the holida) resort0 Nisha and her famil) witnessed the breathta+ing sunset.

1pon chec+ing into the holida) resort0 Nisha and her famil) $@0w(3 <mmediatel) rushed off to see the breathta+ing sunset. Earl) in the morning0 the) went snor+elling and saw a colourful and ama7ing scener). %he ne"t da)0 the) went scuba/diving and enCo)ed being close to nature. On the last night0 the) enCo)ed a delicious barbeque till the earl) 8ours of the morning. $;0 w(

'ummar) 20@@

%he newspaper is an e"tremel) useful learning tool to students toda). #esides being easil) available and affordable0 it offers them numerous benefits. ! surve) carried out on the benefits of the newspaper clearl) shows that students who read the newspaper have a better understanding of the world around them. %his is because the) are better informed of the current issues happening around the world. 8ence0 the) become more +nowledgeable. !s language proficienc) seems to be a problem amongst students these da)s0 reading the newspaper also helps them improve their language s+ills. !s such0 the) are able to put into practice what the) have learnt. *eanwhile0 once outside the classroom0 students can use the newspaper to be a continuous source of education and information. For e"ample0 it can be used to obtain reference material or ideas for their school assignments. %he newspaper toda) also motivates students to learn because it contains educational supplements that help them with their lessons. #esides0 the) also encourage students to develop their thin+ing s+ills through e"tensive reading. <t is without doubt that the newspaper is beneficial to the students. !s such0 we should encourage them to read the newspaper ever) da).

,rite a summar) on how the newspaper can be a useful tool to students. 2our summar) mustnot be more than ;0 words0 including the @0 words given below. be in continuous writing $not note form( be written in one paragraph

1se )our own words as far as possible without changing its original meaning. #egin )our summar) as follows%he newspaper is a useful tool that helps students to P

B*. 20@@/ Baragraph 20 line 2

%he newspaper is a useful tool that helps students to have better understanding of the world around them.

%he newspaper is a useful tool that helps students to$@0w( 3 have better understanding of the world around them. %hus0 the) become well informed of the current issues. <t helps students to improve their language s+ills and <s a continuous source of information and education. <t contains educational supplements that help to encourage and develop thin+ing s+ills among students.

C.EE<%' %O /B*. $E2E( / F!#!%!N BEJ!F!.!N NE4E.< '!#!8.

Saturday, September 1+, 2012 PMR 2 DIRE8TED -RITING 2 S/MPLE 2 <t is .oad 'afet) ,ee+ in )our school and )ou have been as+ed to give a speech. ,rite out the speech that )ou will give. <nclude the following pointsQ rec+less drivers and motorists Q speeding Q tired drivers0 especiall) drivers of lorries Q poor road conditions

Q poorl) maintained vehicles Q ever)one is responsible for road safet)

2ou should use all the points given above. ,hen writing the speech0 )ou should rememberQ to use the proper address and closing remar+s Q that )our listeners are students and teachers Q to write in paragraphs

8(mme&t2 %he instructions indicate that this tal+ would be given in )our school0 perhaps at assembl)0 so )ou would address the principal0 teachers and other pupils. 2ou are instructed to mention the topic of )our tal+. 2ou can also mention )our purpose for giving the tal+0 which is part of the programme for .oad 'afet) ,ee+. *a+e sure )ou include all the points given. 2ou can arrange the points in an) logical sequence0 e"panding on them with e"amples or e"planations of )our own. For )our ending0 )ou should tell )our listeners how )ou would li+e them to respond0 adding a suitable sa)ing if )ou +now one. !nd than+ them for listening to )ou.

Samp%e /&s5er2

! ver) good morning to our Brincipal0 teachers and m) fellow students0

< am ver) glad indeed to be standing here in front of )ou this morning. 2ou see0 as < was crossing the road in front of our school0 < was nearl) hit b) a motorc)clist0 who had suddenl) turned out of the school gate and was speeding in the wrong direction0 straight for meO Fortunatel)0 < was able to Cump aside in time. <t6s such a strange timing0 since < was planning to give a tal+ entitled SReeping Our .oads 'afeT in conCunction with .oad 'afet) ,ee+.

!n)how0 this is m) first point. .oads are often made dangerous b) rec+less motorists or motorc)clists who speed around0 not loo+ing out for other road users. 'ometimes motorc)clists even conduct races on the roadO 'uch irresponsible road hogs should be collared b) the authorities. %here should be stricter enforcement of the traffic rules and bigger tines should be imposed on rec+less drivers. 'ome drivers are rather )oung0 and perhaps too immature to

realise the dangers that the) are inflicting on others. < believe that the minimum age for new drivers should be increased to 20.

! common situation when dangerous driving occurs is when the drivers are too tired0 for e"ample0 when a lorr) driver has to drive long distances across the countr). 'uch practices should be activel) discouraged. !wareness campaigns should be carried out on the dangers of driving non/stop for long periods. Furthermore0 the authorities should also suspend the licenses of dangerous drivers0 especiall) those driving heav) vehicles.

Finall)0 road safet) is also affected b) poor road conditions and poorl) maintained vehicles. %he authorities should carr) out regular chec+s on vehicles to ensure that onl) road/worth) vehicles are allowed on the roads. <t is also the dut) of the government to +eep the roads in good condition.

<f the government and the citi7ens realise the importance of road safet) and ta+e active steps to remed) the situation0 there will be less road accidents. 'o0 whether )ou are a motorist0 a motorc)clist or a pedestrian0 let6s tr) to do our part to ma+e the roads safer. .emember- %he life )ou save could be )our own. %han+ )ou.