IS 1893-1984

Hydrodynamic Pressure in Tanks

When a tank containing fluid vibrates the fluid exerts impulsive and convective pressures on the tank. The convective pressures during earthquakes are considerably less in
magnitude as compared to impulsive pressures and its effect is a sloshing of the water surface. For the purpose of design only the impulsive pressure may be considered.
Circular container
The pressure at any location x ( see Fig. 6 ) is given by:
Vertical distance of x from top y =
0
m
Horizontal dist. of x from Center x [ Rsin] = 0.520 m
Radius of Circular Water Tank ( R) =
0.52
m
Height of Rectangular Water Tank (h) =
2.1
m
Angle oblique ' =
90
degrees
l' = [Rcos]= 0.000
Zone Factor =
V
Value of =
0.08
Type of Structure I = Containers of Inflamable or poisonous gases or liquids
Value of Importance Factor =
2
Type of Foundations = Combined or RCC Footing with Tie Beam
Type of Soil = Type II Medium Soils
Value of =
1
Design horiz.Seismic coeff. h =I
Dead load of water w =

0.16
20.601

KN/m2

Impulsive Pressure on the walls of tanks is

Pw= h *w*h*3*cos '[y/h-1/2*(y/h) 2 ] Tanh3(R/h)

Impulsive pressure on the walls of the tank

is givin by Pw=
Impulsive Pressure on the bottom of tanks is

Pb=

0.000 KN/m

h *w*h*3/2 Sinh3(x/h)
Cosh3(l'/h)

Impulsive pressure on the base of the tank

is givin by Pb=

2.651 KN/m

Slice/Divison of base and walls of Circular tank

h
l'

'

x
2l or 2R
Circular Water Tank Elevation
l'

Circular Tank Plan

number
2.500
Pb @ 90 center angle of23.182
strip
Pb @ 80 center angle of21.077
strip
Pb @ 70 center angle of16.182
strip
Pb @ 60 center angle of10.994
strip

1
1.008
0.987
0.926
0.823
0.679
0.494
0.267
0.000

2
1.985
1.944
1.823
1.620
1.337
0.972
0.527
0.000

1.560
10.024
9.558
8.328
6.713

3
2.902
2.843
2.665
2.369
1.954
1.421
0.770
0.000

1.280
7.572
7.295
6.541
5.494

4
3.731
3.654
3.426
3.045
2.512
1.827
0.990
0.000

1.000
5.524
5.367
4.928
4.286

5
4.446
4.355
4.083
3.629
2.994
2.178
1.180
0.000

0.740
3.890
3.803
3.552
3.169

6
5.026
4.924
4.616
4.103
3.385
2.462
1.333
0.000

7
5.454
5.342
5.008
4.452
3.673
2.671
1.447
0.000

0.520
2.651
2.601
2.455
2.227

8
5.715
5.599
5.249
4.666
3.849
2.799
1.516
0.000

9
5.804
5.685
5.333
4.738
3.909
2.843
1.540
0.000

10
5.715
5.599
5.249
4.666
3.849
2.799
1.516
0.000

11
5.454
5.342
5.008
4.452
3.673
2.671
1.447
0.000

30

nk base KN/m2

Wall Slice number

Pw @ 2.1m from Top
Pw @ 1.8m from Top
Pw @ 1.5m from Top
Pw @ 1.2m from Top
Pw @ 0.9m from Top
Pw @ 0.6m from Top
Pw @ 0.3m from Top
Pw @ 0m from Top

20

12
5.026
4.924
4.616
4.103
3.385
2.462
1.333
0.000

13
4.446
4.355
4.083
3.629
2.994
2.178
1.180
0.000

14
3.731
3.654
3.426
3.045
2.512
1.827
0.990
0.000

15
2.902
2.843
2.665
2.369
1.954
1.421
0.770
0.000

16
1.985
1.944
1.823
1.620
1.337
0.972
0.527
0.000

17
1.008
0.987
0.926
0.823
0.679
0.494
0.267
0.000

5.076
3.631
2.446
1.493
0.705
0.000
-0.705
-1.493
-2.446
-3.631
-5.076
-6.713
-8.328
-9.558
-10.024
2.500
23.182
21.077
16.182
10.994
6.913
4.145
2.393
1.295
0.566
0.000
-0.566
-1.295
10
-2.3930
-4.145
-6.913
-10.994
-16.182
-21.077
-23.182

4.353 3.536
3.261 2.760
2.288 2.008
1.442 1.302
0.695 0.639
0.000 0.000
-0.695 -0.639
-1.442 -1.302
-2.288 -2.008
-3.261 -2.760
-4.353 -3.536
-5.494 -4.286
-6.541 -4.928
-7.295 -5.367
-7.572 -5.524
1.560 1.280
10.024 7.572
9.558 7.295
8.328 6.541
6.713 5.494
5.076 4.353
3.631 3.261
2.446 2.288
1.493 1.442
0.705 0.695
0.000 0.000
-0.705 -0.695
-1.493 -1.442
-10 -20-2.288
-2.446
-30
-3.631 -3.261
-5.076 -4.353
-6.713 -5.494
-8.328 -6.541
-9.558 -7.295
-10.024 -7.572

2.696
2.171
1.625
1.078
0.537
0.000
-0.537
-1.078
-1.625
-2.171
-2.696
-3.169
-3.552
-3.803
-3.890
1.000
5.524
5.367
4.928
4.286
3.536
2.760
2.008
1.302
0.639
0.000
-0.639
-1.302
-2.008
-40
-50
-2.760
-3.536
-4.286
-4.928
-5.367
-5.524
2.1
1.008

1.931
1.587
1.211
0.815
0.410
0.000
-0.410
-0.815
-1.211
-1.587
-1.931
-2.227
-2.455
-2.601
-2.651
0.740
3.890
3.803
3.552
3.169
2.696
2.171
1.625
1.078
0.537
0.000
-0.537
-1.078
-1.625
-60
-2.171
-2.696
-3.169
-3.552
-3.803
-3.890
1.8
0.987

Pressure on tank base KN/m2

Pb @ 50 center angle of6.913

strip
Pb @ 40 center angle of4.145
strip
Pb @ 30 center angle of2.393
strip
Pb @ 20 center angle of1.295
strip
Pb @ 10 center angle of0.566
strip
Pb @ 0 center angle of strip
0.000
Pb @ -10 center angle of-0.566
strip
Pb @ -20 center angle of-1.295
strip
Pb @ -30 center angle of-2.393
strip
Pb @ -40 center angle of-4.145
strip
Pb @ -50 center angle of-6.913
strip
Pb @ -60 center angle of
strip
-10.994
Pb @ -70 center angle of
strip
-16.182
Pb @ -80 center angle of
strip
-21.077
Pb @ -90 center angle of
strip
-23.182

20
10

-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

-10
-20
-30
Angle at center of Circular tank for strip of water tank base

0.520

Profile
base
90 of Hydrodynamic pressure on
2.651

30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
109
87
65
43
21
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
90
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
-14
-15
-16
-17
-18
-19
-20
-21
-22
-23
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
-29
-30

80

70

60

50

40

30

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90

2.601
2.455
2.227
1.931
1.587
1.211
0.815
0.410
0.000
0.740
-0.410
-0.815
1.280
-1.211
2.500
-70
-1.587
-80
-90
-1.931
-2.227
-2.455
-2.601
-2.651
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0.926 0.823 0.679 0.494 0.267

29-30

28-29
27-28
26-27
25-26

24-25
23-24
22-23

21-22
20-21
19-20

18-19
17-18
16-17

0
0.000

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1.985
2.902
3.731
4.446
5.026
5.454
5.715
5.804

1.944
2.843
3.654
4.355
6
4.924
5.342
5
5.599
4
5.685

1.823 1.620 1.337 0.972 0.527 0.000

Half
of Hydrodynamic
2.665Profile
2.369 1.954
1.421 0.770 0.000 pressure on
3.426 3.045 2.512 1.827walls
0.990 0.000
4.083
4.616
5.008
5.249
5.333

3.629
4.103
4.452
4.666
4.738

2.994
3.385
3.673
3.849
3.909

2.178
2.462
2.671
2.799
2.843

1.180
1.333
1.447
1.516
1.540

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

5-6

4-5

3-4

9
7

1
5

V= (/4)D h +(h0/12)(D

+D02 +DD0)

(h22/3)(3R2

1-2

0-1

2.1

Geometric Parameters of Intze Tank

2-3

1.8

Weight of Water mass

D0 = Diameter of the staging 5D/8

3.125 m

1.563 0.938

h1 = Rise of top spherical dome 1D/8

0.625 m

2.5 1.875

h2 = Rise of bottom spherical dome 1D/8

0.625 m

R2 = Radius of bottom dome 5D/8

3.125 m

1.2

0.9

0.6

1
0.3

HydrodynamicWater pressure at 90
to the horizontal base strip

h2)

50.022 m3
490.7142 KN
D= Diameter of Cylinderical portion
5m
h = Height of the cylindrical portion which is calculated by above formula or thumb
rule is two third of the diameter D
2.1 m
h0 = Height of the conical dome 3D/16
0.938 m

1.5

25

20
15
10

R1 = Radius of the Top conical dome 3D/16

R1= (0.25D2 + h12)/ 2h1

5.3125 m

10.467

Assumed R1 =

5.015 m

1.05

0
0.500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

6
6

5
5

4
4

3
3

2
2

4
1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

1.75

Weight of water mass =

Weight of Overhead water tank except water =
Weight of staging =
Weight of water tank reserviour except water =

490.71
837.56
475.74
361.82

rd

of Weight of Staging =
Weight of water tank+ water + rd staging = mi+ms
Top deflection from STAAD pro modal analysis =
Stiffness of water tank = 1000/

=
Ks

Time period of Overhead tank = 2(mi+ms/Ks)

T=
Tc =

158.58
1011.11
69.545
14379.179

2.75

3.75

KN
KN
KN
KN
KN
KN
mm
KN/m

1.666 Sec
4.4857 Sec

Time period of Overhead tank = 2(d/Kc)

Angle substended by Bottom dome 2=

59 d

52 `'

57 "

59.9

Angle substended by Top dome 1=

59 d

36 `'

3"

59.6

Radius of bottom dome R2 =

3.125 m

Radius of Top dome R1 =

5.015 m

CG of Bottom dome= R2Sin2/2= 2.586354 m

CG of Top dome= R1Sin1/1= 4.158253 m

4.75

5.75

6.75

7.75

8.75

9.75

Profile of Hydrodynamic pressure on walls

6
5
4
3
5-6

4-5

3-4
2-3

0
1

1-2

0-1
5

10

11

12

13
14
15

16
17