1.

INTRODUCTION
We introduce a new system for the physically challenged, an automatic wheel chair that can be controlled by the relative head movement of the patient with the help of your android phone and developed application on it will serve you to adapt it easily. An automatic wheelchair has been undoubtedly one of the most useful inventions ever made in history. Even though wheelchairs are considered very useful for the physically challenged people, they still find it difficult use it without the help of someone else. They always need someone to push the chair on uphill roads and other difficult places. So, an automatic wheelchair came as a boon to them and has been the favourite among them for long time now. The biggest advantage of automatic wheelchairs is that they give the physically challenged person a sense of freedom and comfort like he has never felt before. Particularly, elders find it very easier to move across and do things on their own, thanks to automatic wheelchairs. Wheelchair bound patients in many countries are still dependent on other people for movement. Though automated wheel chairs are available, they are tough to operate and are power consuming. This paper is a proposal of a simpler automated wheel chair that takes advantage of the a!is accelerometer present in most Smartphone and "luetooth wireless technology enabling patients to move their wheelchairs by #ust tilting their Smartphone. The actuators for this concept are controlled by a microcontroller powering a basic servo motor for directional motion and a pair of $% motors for the wheels. The actuators for this concept are controlled by a microcontroller powering a basic servo motor for directional motion and a pair of $% motors for the wheels. The concept particularly mentions &Smartphone' which covers devices like any Android powered mobile phone which have inbuilt accelerometer and "luetooth Wireless technology. The functionality can be e!tended to other mobile devices using a suitable application. The other end of the system has a microcontroller which drives the various actions of the servo motor for directional movement and powers the $% motor for linear motion of the wheelchair. The servomotor controls the front wheels for turning the wheelchair while the pair of $% motor connected to the rear wheels enable linear motion.

We introduce a new system for the physically challenged, an automatic wheel chair that can be controlled by the relative head movement of the patient with the help of your android phone and developed application on it will serve you to adapt it easily. An automatic wheelchair has been undoubtedly one of the most useful inventions ever made in history. Even though wheelchairs are considered very useful for the physically challenged people, they still find it difficult to maneuver it without the help of someone else. They always need someone to push the chair on uphill roads and other difficult places. So, an automatic wheelchair came as a boon to them and has been the favorite among them for long time now. The biggest advantage of automatic wheelchairs is that they give the physically challenged person a sense of freedom and comfort like he has never felt before. Particularly, elders find it very easier to move across and do things on their own, thanks to automatic wheelchair

2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
System analysis is a process of gathering, interpreting facts, diagnosing problems, and using facts to improve the system. The ob#ective of the system analysis is to understand the important facts of current system by studying it in detail. (earn the details of the system as well as procedures currently in practice. We should develop insight into future demands of the organisation on its growth, hike, in competition, evolving new financial structures, introduction of new technology and changes in the user's needs and documentation details of the current system for discussion and review by others.

2.1. LITERATURE SURVEY

"elow is a description of research on intelligent wheelchairs that has been conducted and still ongoing at some institutions. The survey is not intended to be complete but to provide an idea of the different approaches used.

2.1 IBM T.J. Watson Research Centre Some of the earliest work in the development of intelligent wheelchairs was a system implemented by %onnell and )iola, *%onnell + )iola, ,-. in which a chair is mounted on top of a robot to make it mobile. /r. Ed, as the chair was called, could be controlled by the user using a #oystick mounted on the arm of the chair and connected to the robot. The user could also delegate control to the system itself to perform certain functions such as avoid obstacles or follow other moving ob#ects. 0n addition to the #oystick, input to the robot comes from bumper switches at the front and rear of the robot, eight infrared pro!imity sensors for local navigation and two sonar sensors at the front of the robot for following ob#ects. %ontrol is passed from the user to the robot through a series of toggle switches.

2.2 CALL Centre Un!"ers!t# o$ E%!n&'r(h %A(( %entre at the 1niversity of Edinburgh has developed the %A(( %entre Smart Wheelchair. 0t was originally developed as a motivating educational and therapeutic resource for severely disabled children. The chairs were designed to assist in the assessment and development of physical, cognitive, social and communicative skills. Thirteen chairs have been built and evaluated in three local schools, one in a residential hospital and three others in pre2vocational establishments. The chairs are adapted, computer2controlled power wheelchairs which can be driven by a number of methods such as switches, #oysticks, laptop computers, and voice2output. The mechanical, electronic and software design are modular to simplify the addition of new functions, reduce the cost of individuali3ed systems and create a modeless system. Since there are no modes and behaviours are combined transparent to the user, an e!plicit subsystem called the 4bserver was set up to report to the user what the system is doing. The 4bserver responds and reports its perceptions to the user via a speech synthesi3er or input device. 2.) Un!"ers!t# o$ M!ch!(an Simon (evine, $irector of Physical 5ehabilitation at the 1niversity of /ichigan 6ospital began development of 7av%hair in 8,,8 with a grant for a three year pro#ect from the )eteran's Administration *"ell et al, ,9.. The )ector :ield 6istogram ;):6< method was previously developed for avoiding obstacles in autonomous robots and was ported to the wheelchair. 6owever, this method was designed for fully autonomous robots and it was soon determined that there were sufficient differences in the power base between robots and wheelchairs and in the re=uirements of human2machine systems that significant modifications were re=uired. This resulted in a new method, called /inimum ):6 ;/):6< which gives greater and more variable control to the user in manipulating the power wheelchair. 2.* Ro&ot!c +hee,cha!r &# T!-oth# Bo'r.e No"e-&er 2//1 5obotic wheelchairs e!tend the capabilities of traditional powered devices by introducing control and navigational intelligence. These devices can ease the lives of many disabled people, particularly those with severe impairments, by increasing their range of

mobility. A robotic wheelchair has been under development at the 1niversity of Wollongong for some years. This thesis describes ongoing work towards the ultimate aim of an intelligent and useful device. 2.0 Na(asa.! Un!"ers!t# an% U&e Techn!ca, Co,,e(e E!isting ceiling lights in an indoor environment are used as landmarks for self2 locali3ation of a motori3ed wheelchair by *Wang et al, ,>.. The chair is therefore restricted to use within one building, the layout of which is known in advance. An a3imuth sensor is used to give the angle between a fi!ed point and a particular ob#ect and a vision sensor detects the ceiling lights. The ceiling lights are used as the landmarks but if the lights are missed then the a3imuth sensor and the rotating angle of both wheels provide the information necessary to continue the navigation. 2.1 We,,es,e# Co,,e(e MIT Wheelesley is the name given to the chair used for e!perimental development by 6olly ?anco, first at Wellesley %ollege and now at /0T *?anco et al, ,@.. This chair has a subsumption Architecture2like layered approach to its performance. "y means of a graphical interface the user of the chair points to the direction in which the chair should head. The chair then goes in that direction while performing other tasks such as obstacle avoidance. The interface also allows the user to tell the chair when specific tasks such as going up a ramp are re=uired and to have a record of a particular environment and important features of that environment.

A.B S-art 2o+ere% Whee,cha!r 2,at$or- Des!(n an% contro, $or 2eo3,e +!th Se"ere D!sa&!,!t!es Yo'ce$ &# To'at!4 Ara& A,!5Cher!$ $evelopment of new systems for disabled and elderly people's assistance re=uires a multidiscipline linearly approach based on new technologies according to users' needs. 0ntelligent wheelchairs can help this category of people to live more independently. The purpose of this paper is to propose and develop embedded control architecture for smart

wheelchair monitoring, leading to gain mobility and independency. The control architecture uses virtual impedance principle and is based on some considerations concerning e!ternal force2feedback #oystick abilities to translate variations of distances between the wheelchair and obstacles into a perceived effort. To test the effectiveness and evaluate performances of the proposed control architecture, some simulations and e!perimentations on a smart wheelchair called (0AS$2Wheelchair, are designed in this respect.

2.2

E6ISTIN7 SYSTEM

Wheelchair bound patients in many countries are still dependent on other people for movement. Though automated wheel chairs are available, they are tough to operate and are power consuming. 0mproving the life style of physically challenged people to a great e!tent we are using wheel chairs. 0n recent times there have been a wide range of assistive and guidance systems available in Wheelchair to make their life less complicated. 0n recent times there have been various control systems developing speciali3ed for people with various disorders and disabilities. The systems that are developed are highly competitive in replacing the old traditional systems. There are many assistive systems using visual aids like Smart Wheelchair systems, 1sing Coystick and much more. There are even systems based on voice recognition too. A wheelchair is a chair with wheels, designed toe a replacement for walking. 4ften there are hands behind the seat for someone else to do the pushing. 4ne of the main disadvantages of using manual wheelchairs has to do with the upper body. ?es, the e!ercise is good for those who push themselves, however, over time this same motion can lead to in#uryD something that wheelchair users try to avoid whenever possible. 4ther disadvantage of a manual is to inflate the tires and keeping the body of the chair in line. /any factors must be considered before a person can choose between a manual and a power chair.

2.)

2RO2OSED SYSTEM

The proposed methodology was trying to develop under the following assumptionsE 8. To use wheelchair automatically for moving forward, backward, (eft + 5ight through the motion of the phone A. 4ur pro#ect Automatic wheelchair basically works on the principle of acceleration, acceleration sensor. . When person tilt his head in forward direction chair will move in forward direction. 9. 0f person tilt his head in backward direction chair will stop. @. 0f person tilt his head in left direction chair will move in left direction. B. 0f person tilt his head in right direction will move in right direction.

Advantages of the Proposed System 0ncreased mobility 0ncreased /aneuverability. 0ncreased Physical Support. 0ncrease disabled people's ability to live. %iti3en Fat home, at work, and as members of the community. Enable young disabled children and their families to en#oy GordinaryHlives. Support disabled young people and their families through the transition to adulthood

). 8EASIBILTY STUDY
A feasibility study is a preliminary study undertaken to determine and document a pro#ectIs viability. The results of this study are used to make a decision whether to proceed with the pro#ect. 0f it indeed leads to a pro#ect being approved, it will 2 before the real work of the proposed pro#ect starts 2 be used to ascertain the likelihood of the pro#ectIs success. 0t is an analysis of possible alternative solutions to a problem and a recommendation on the best alternative. 0t, for e!ample, can decide whether an order processing be carried out by a new system more efficiently than the previous one. The feasibility study proposes one or more conceptual solutions to the problem set for the pro#ect. The conceptual solution gives an idea of what the new system will look like. They define what will be done on the computer and what will remain manual. 0t also indicates what input will be needed by the system and what outputs will be produced. These solutions should be proven feasible and a preferred solution is accepted. The feasibility study environment enables all alternatives to be discussed and evaluated. This phase starts with an identification of the main characteristics of the re=uired system. $uring this stage it is important to collect information as much as possible about the software package that might meet the specification from as many sources as possible.

7ormally, the central endeavour of a feasibility study is a cost benefit analysis of various alternatives. 0t can be defined as a systematic comparison between the cost of carrying out a service or activity and the value of that service or activity. The main benefits are =ualitative than =uantitative.

A feasibility study could be used to test a new working system, which could be used becauseE The current system may no longer suit its purpose,

Technological advancement may have rendered the current system obsolete, The business is e!panding, allowing it to cope with e!tra work load, %ustomers are complaining about the speed and =uality of work the business provides.

%ompetitors are now winning a big enough market share due to an effective integration of a computeri3ed system.

When a new pro#ect is proposed, it normally goes through feasibility assessment. :easibility study is carried out to determine whether the proposed system is possible to develop with available resources and what should be the cost consideration. :acts considered in the feasibility analysis were

Technical :easibility 4perational :easibility Economic :easibility

).1. TEC9NICAL 8EASIBILITY

This involves =uestions such as whether the technology needed for the system e!ists, how difficult it will be to build, and whether the firm has enough e!perience using that technology. The assessment is based on an outline design of system re=uirements in terms of 0nput, 4utput, :ields, Programs, and Procedures. This can be =ualified in terms of volumes of data, trends, fre=uency of updating etc. in order to give an introduction to the technical system.

Within this paper a novel techni=ue of headJhand motion of accelerometer recognition is used to enable wheelchair control for =uadriplegics. The techni=ue is implemented as an algorithm of microcontroller system. A prototype of this system is e!perimentally tested. The performed e!periment showed very good results. 7amely, after adapting the system and a short learning time, three different e!aminees issued commands with ,9.8BK success. A larger number of errors appears when the user makes free head motions, the purpose of which is not issuing commands. 0n this case, in 8 .BBK cases the system recogni3es a command where one was not intended. This analysis involves how it will work when it is installed and the assessment of political and managerial environment in which it is implemented. People are inherently resistant to change and computers have been known to facilitate change. The new proposed system is very much useful to the users and there for it will accept broad audience.
4ur pro#ect handicap wheelchair basically works on the principle of acceleration, one acceleration sensor, provides two a!es, acceleration sensors whose output is analog, varies according to acceleration applied to it, by applying simple formula we calculate the amount of tilt + output of tilt will decide to move in which direction. Sensor gives !2a!is + y2a!is oJp independently which is fed to A$% + then L% + depending on the pulse width it decides to move or not.

An accelerometer is an electromechanical device that will measure acceleration forces. These forces may be static, like the constant force of gravity pulling at your feet, or they could be dynamic 2 caused by moving or vibrating the accelerometer. The Smartphone Accelerometer is a semiconductor 0% that measures motion and its intensity in all directly can provide values to suitably designed application. "luetooth modules inbuilt in the phone can be tapped suitably using protocol stacks in the application design environment of the mobile operating system. The operating system suggested for this application is Android 4S because there are e!isting applications that can connect to any "luetooth device and can read values from the inbuilt accelerometer and transmit the values needed for this application. a!es and

A Smartphone is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with more advanced computing capability and connectivity than a feature phone. /ost smart phones contain accelerometers for user interface controlD often the accelerometer is used to present landscape or portrait views of the deviceIs screen, based on the way the device is being held. A microcontroller is the heart of the automated wheelchair. A microcontroller is a programmable device that can be used to perform any arithmetic and logic operations. The difference between a microcontroller and a microprocessor is the availability of internal memory to store the programme code and it can function as a standalone controller.

).). ECONOMIC 8EASIBILITY This involves =uestions such as whether the firm can afford to build the system,
whether its benefits should substantially e!ceed its costs, and whether the pro#ect has higher priority and profits than other pro#ects that might use the same resources. This also includes whether the pro#ect is in the condition to fulfil all the eligibility criteria and the responsibility of both sides in case there are two parties involved in performing any pro#ect. This study presents tangible and intangible benefits from the pro#ect by comparing the developments and operational costs. The techni=ue of cost benefit analysis is often used as a basis for assessing economic feasibility. This system needs some more initial investment than the e!isting system, but it can be #ustifiable that it will improve the =uality of service. Thus feasibility study should centre along the following pointsE 8. %ost comparison. 8. Estimate on the life e!pectancy of the hardware. A. 4verall ob#ective. . 0mprovement resulting over the e!isting method in terms of accuracy, timeliness. 4n comparison with e!isting type of wheel chair movement control like #oy stick based,

switch based etc are facing a serious problem over the physical capabilities of user to manually control the movement. 0n that case it is obvious that which is not friendly with any of such patients since the aim of such implementation is to help those who are physically challenging. "ut this paper is a proposal of a simpler automated wheel chair that takes advantage of the a!is accelerometer present in most Smart phones and "luetooth wireless technology enabling patients to move their wheelchairs by #ust tilting their Smartphone. The actuators for this concept are controlled by a microcontroller powering a pair of $% motors for the wheels. The power supply can be achieved by rechargeable battery which is also charged using the alternator during the motion of the wheels. This concept is more economic than e!isting systems as it use basic ready2to2use components that can be attached to any e!isting wheelchair. Cost co-3ar!son Since this implementation make use of embedded installation and hardware features, which is easy to reprogram and simple in construction, helps to reduce the cost and make use of same 0%'s for multiple times up to 8---nd and above, endurance and hence ease in coding. 4ne of the main advantages of this implementation is that this application can be easily connected to any of the e!isting wheel chair methods which is in #oystick or switch type access only to change the system we need re2programming and a low2cost smart phone which again reduce the cost since almost all low cost phone support 4verall cost of this implementation around 8A---. Est!-ate on the ,!$e e:3ectanc# o$ the har%+are 5eliability of this application is reasonably good since we make use of embedded cum software platform, which together deliver high end output =uality. Embedded application is called so which monitor only a single application or a uni=ue purpose and here we also develop an android application software which is highly robust and very advanced comparing to other software features hence we can say that this is highly managed to support e!tended life e!pectancy. I-3ro"e-ent res',t!n( o"er the e:!st!n( -etho% !n ter-s o$ acc'rac# t!-e,!ness 0n e!isting method as we discussed working depend on switching or #oystick handling which purely hardware that may get deteriorated on continuous use. "ut her we afford a!is accelerometer.

accelerometer as sensor which is highly sensitive and low power consuming as well as voltage, and very much reliable for e!tended use as well. This application makes use of advanced applications and features hence it is as easier for implementation and use or control. Apart from that sensor is highly sensitive so that user needs not worry about physical intention and controlling aspects.

*. RE;UIREMENT S2ECI8ICATION
5e=uirements specification for a software system is a complete description of the behaviour of a system to be developed and may include a set of use cases that describe interactions the users will have with the software. 0n addition it also contains non2functional re=uirements. 7on2functional re=uirements impose constraints on the design or

implementation ;such as performance engineering re=uirements, =uality standards, or design constraints<.5e=uirement specification is the direct result of re=uirement analysis and can refer to Software re=uirement specification 6ardware re=uirement specification or both

*.1. 8UNCTIONAL RE;UIREMENT

:unctional 5e=uirements is the specification of the function that the system must support. 4ur functional re=uirements areE M!crocontro,,er Entire section of receiver side will be controlled by a microcontroller which itself provided with e!tensive device controlling capability and advanced communication facilities. /icrocontroller version we are using here is AT/E( M-@8 family. Acce,ero-eter "y measuring the amount of static acceleration due to gravity, you can find out the angle the device is tilted at with respect to the earth. An accelerometer is an electromechanical device that will measure acceleration forces. This is a small, thin, low power, complete 2a!is accelerometer with signal conditioned voltage outputs. The product measures acceleration with a minimum full2scale range of N g. 0t can measure the static acceleration of gravity in tilt2sensing applications, as well as dynamic acceleration resulting from motion, shock, or vibration. An%ro!% 3hone Android is an operating system based on the (inu! kernel, and designed primarily for touch screen mobile devices such as smart phones and tablet computers Ser!a, co--'n!cat!on

this application make use of serial communication to transfer data wirelessly form phone side to the controller board which is fast and reliable over any other communication means hence we can avoid need of complicated wires and connections. B,'etooth !nter$ace This is advanced and support long distance communication up to - meters and above. S3eech reco(n!t!on The Android platform includes a Te!t2to2Speech ;TTS< capability. Also known as Ospeech synthesisO, TTS enables an Android device to OspeakO te!t in various languages. Although all Android2powered devices that support the TTS functionality ship with the TTS2engine. TTS also not only translates the te!t to speech but it is also capable to translate speech to te!t. Locat!on trac.!n( A PPS tracking unit is a device that uses the Plobal Positioning System to determine the precise location of person which it is attached and to record the position of the asset at regular intervals. The recorded location data can be stored within the tracking unit, or it may be transmitted to a central location data base, using a cellular ;PP5S or S/S<, radio, or satellite modem embedded in the unit. This allows the assetIs location to be displayed against a map backdrop either in real time or when analysing the track later, using PPS tracking software. E-er(enc# a,ert This module helps to send alerts to predefined users like relatives, friends, etc. by using a simple voice command in some emergency. The voice is interpreted by the android device and forward to the corresponding user's device.

*.2. NON58UNCTIONAL RE;UIREMENTS

0t specifies criteria that can be used to #udge the operation of a system. a. Usa&!,!t# The system's interface is user2friendly and easy to get familiar with.

&. Re,!a&!,!t# Embedded system often resides in machines that are e!pected to run continuously for years without errors and in some cases recover by them if an error occurs. Therefore the software is usually developed and tested more carefully than that for personal computers, and unreliable mechanical moving parts such as disk drivers, switches or buttons are avoided. c. 2er$or-ance Embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimi3e it to reduce the si3e and cost of the product and increase the performance. %. Sec'r!t# The system shall protect itself and its sensitive data and communications from accidental, malicious, or unauthori3ed access, use, modification, or destruction. e. Sa$et# The system shall prevent any possible threat to human lives.

*.). USE CASE DIA7RAM

:orward movemen t command

"ackward command for stop

(eft movement command 1ser 5ight movemen t command

Send message command Receiver

0. SYSTEM S2ECI8ICATION
System specification is the reali3ation of technical specification or algorithm as a program, software component or other computer system through computer programming and deployment.

0.1. SO8TWARE S2ECI8ICATION

OS $or Ser"er< W!n%o+s =62 or >? Windows QP or > is an operating system produced by /icrosoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops.

Co%!n(< Ja"a Cava is a set of several computer software products and specifications from Sun /icrosystems that together provide a system for developing application software and deploying it in a cross platform computing environment. 0t is used in a variety of computing platforms from embedded devices and mobile phones. Cava applets are sometimes used to provide improved and secure functions.

An%ro!% "ers!on< 2.2 on+ar%s Android is an operating system based on (inu! kernel. The android A.A onwards platform introduces many new and e!citing features for users and developers.

IDE< Ec,!3se5In%!(o 0n computer programming, Eclipse is a multi language 0ntegrated $evelopment Environment ;0$E< comprising a base workspace and an e!tensible plug2in system for customi3ing the environment. The Eclipse software development kit ;S$R<, which includes the #ava development tools, is meant for #ava developers. 1sers can e!tend its abilities by installing the plug2ins.

2CB< DI2 Trace $0PTrace is E$A software for creating schematic diagrams and printed circuit boards.

0.2. 9ARDWARE S2ECI8ICATION

ANDROID 29ONE An Android phone is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with more advanced computing capability and connectivity than a feature phone. /ost Android phone contain accelerometers for user interface controlD often the accelerometer is used to present landscape or portrait views of the deviceIs screen, based on the way the device is being held. Also most smart phones have "luetooth Wireless Technology 0EEE M-A.8@.8 module inbuilt in the device for various small range wireless applications like headset, file transfer, wireless input devices etc. The proposed concept e!ploits these features of the Smartphone to use it as a transmitter and control device completely eliminating the need for a separate transmitter block. 2OWER SU22LY Power supply is used to supply power which is re=uired to work the microcontroller.

Batter# E ,28Av "attery used to provide voltage to microcontroller. 0t produces ac voltage.

D!o%es We use diodes as "ridge 5ectifier to convert ac voltage to dc.

8!,ter We use variable capacitor as :ilter. 0t is used to convert ac voltage completely to dc after receiving voltage from $iodes since small amount of ac will be present even after conversion of ac to dc voltage by $iode.

Vo,ta(e Re(',ator E >M-@ )oltage regulator used to reduce the voltage produced from battery. "attery has high voltage ;,)< when compared to re=uired voltage ;@)<. 2o+er LED 0t used to check and identify whether error is occurred or not in power supply section.

CONTROLLER M!crocontro,,er E M-@8

/icrocontroller contain program to move wheelchair according to commands. Ma: 2)2 0t acts as an intermediate between "luetooth and /icrocontroller. 0t is used to change the voltage level of "luetooth ;voltage level of "luetooth is 5SA A< when it is connected to /icrocontroller ;voltage level of /icrocontroller is TT(<.

L2@)D (A, $ used to control voltage and current of motor when connected with microcontroller. /otor is having higher voltage and current than microcontroller.

Motor E dc geared motor /otor used to move wheelchair according to command.

DB connector 1sed to connect e!ternal device to the system.

stat's LED 0t used to find the area where the error has occurred at the time of implementation.

COMMUNICATION B,'etooth -o%',e 0t is used for wireless connection. User -o&!,e E Android Phone Data LED 0t used to detect errors in input data.

1. SYSTEM DESI7N

1.1. SYSTEM ARC9ITECTURE

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1.2. WORAIN7 2RINCI2LE

4ur pro#ect handicap wheelchair basically works on the principle of acceleration, one

acceleration sensor, provides two a!es, acceleration sensors whose output is analogs, varies according to acceleration applied to it, by applying simple formula we calculate the amount of tilt + output of tilt will decide to move in which direction. Sensor gives !2a!is + y2a!is oJp independently Bwhich is fed to A$% + then L% + depending on the pulse width it decides to move or not. 4n chair 4bstacle sensors will be installed. Total 9 sensors will be installed for detection of wallJobstacle in the forward, backward, left + right direction as shown in figure below. Pro#ect will work like this, When person tilt his head in forward direction chair will move in forward direction. 0f person tilt his head in backward direction chair will ST4P. 0f person tilt his head in left direction chair will move in left direction. 0f person tilt his head in right direction chair will move in right direction.