Claire Ann M. Lopez 4A 1. What are the different mediums in painting? Described each briefly.

Oil - is a type of slow drying paint. It consists of particular pigments suspended in a drying oil. This kind of medium does not dry quickly. It blends into the surroundings and allow the blending of color. It produces vivid colors with a natural sheen and distinct context. It provides a surface translucency similar to human skin making it an ideal for portrait painting. Tempura- it is a permanent fast drying painting medium consisting of colored pigment mixed with water soluble binder. Tempura paints dries rapidly and it allows for great precision. When dry it produces smooth matte finish. Watercolor- the pigments are suspended in a water soluble vehicle. Water color paint consist of four principal ingredients; colorant (commonly pigment), binder, the substance that holds the pigment in suspension and fixes the pigment to the painting surface, additives, substance that alter the viscosity, hiding, durability or color of the pigment and vehicle mixture, lastly, the solvent, the substance use to thin or dilute the paint for application and that evaporates when the paint hardens or dry. Pastel- comes in three different types, the soft pastels, the hard pastels and the pastel pencils. The soft pastels are the most widely used; it has a higher portion of pigments and less binder. The hard pastel has a higher portion of binder and less pigment. The pastel pencils are pencils with pastel leads. Fresco- can often be seen on walls and ceilings. There are three types of fresco, the Buon fresco, which consist of painting pigments mixed with water on a thin layer of plaster. Secco, which done in dry plaster. The pigment requires a binding medium such as egg (tempura, glue or oil to attach pigments). The Mezzo-fresco. In this type, the pigment should only penetrate slightly on the plaster. Acrylic- is a fast drying paint. It contains pigments suspended in polymer emulsion. Acrylic paints are usually diluted with waters.

2. What medium is popular to painter? Why?

The popular medium to painters is oil because there is no limit to the ways of handling oil pigments and it is the best method of convincing representations of color especially in blending of tones and covering of any mistakes on the paint.

3. What are the characteristics most suitable for oil painting?

The characteristics most suitable for oil painting are: 1. The surface must receive oil paint freely and yet not absorb it; and 2. Can withstand temperature changes and not crack the pigment on it.

4. Why is a faultless clean ground an important requirement for tempera painting?

A faultless clean ground is an important requirement for tempera painting because its decorative quality and the preservation of the painting depends on the surface of the ground and if the ground changes when vanished, the painting will change with it.

5. Why are good water color painting not easy to make?

Good watercolor paintings are not easy to make because it requires a high degree of technical dexterity and its pigment are applied in detailed in a very thin layers.

6. Name the disadvantages of fresco as medium for visual arts.

It is more impossible to move a fresco painting The painting is subject to the disasters that may happen to the wall. Only earth colors are used on the paint. There is no changing once the design is begun.

7. What materials are available for sculptors to use as medium? Give as advantages and disadvantages of each. Materials Stone and bronze Advantages
o o

Wood

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Ivory Tera cotta

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It is durable, resistant to elements, fire and other hazards. It has a high gloss when polished. It is cheap, readily available and easy to cut. It polishes well and has a smooth shiny surface and beautiful color. It is relatively light and can be made easily into variety of shapes. It can survive in a long period of time. It yields to even the slightest pressure and can be worked and reworked.

Disadvantages
o o o o

It is heavy and breaks easily. It is difficult and intricacy in casting bronze. It is limited in size and burns easily. Its color easily deteriorates and decays in the Philippine climate.

o o o

It breaks easily. It breaks and chips easily. It is not a strong material.

Plastics

It is moderately coarse clay product. It is less expensive for use as casting material than materials and less fragile in many ways.

o o

It cant stand great strain or weight. It is not resistant to fire and other hazards.

8. What type of sculpture is the UP Oblation?

The UP Oblation is an example of a free- standing figure.

9. Give the factors that contribute to style in architecture.

The factors that contribute to style in architecture are: 1. The materials used in the building especially its availability and durability; and 2. The methods used in assembling.

10. What are the basic types of constructions? Describe each.

Post-and-lintel earliest of the tree basic types of constructions. It consists of two vertical parts for support (post) and horizontal one lintel). Arch is dominant in Roman architecture. It is an architectural form built from pieces of wood called voussoirs with joints between them and are arranged in semi-circle. Cantilever is utilized largely in buildings with steel as a medium. It is used in the construction of skyscrapers.